Small solid-liquid separation device and solid-liquid separation method suitable for well field
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of petroleum drilling, and particularly relates to a small solid-liquid separation device and a solid-liquid separation method suitable for a well site in the field.
Background
The rock fragment geological analysis is an important basis for identifying the lithology of the stratum, judging the position of the stratum and discovering and evaluating the oil-gas layer. Along with the continuous development of a drilling process, the drilling speed is faster and faster, the existing rock debris solid-liquid separation device cannot meet the requirements, and the following defects mainly exist: the separated rock debris samples cannot be collected by orderly and real-time separating and collecting stratum rock debris per meter according to the drilling depth, and the quality of the geological samples cannot be guaranteed; the size is large, and the device is not suitable for the installation environment of a well site; the integrated design is inconvenient for transportation and installation; the angle of the screen is fixed, so that the screen cannot be adjusted and is inconvenient to replace; the slurry inlet amount cannot be monitored; has no cleaning function.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a small solid-liquid separation device and a solid-liquid separation method suitable for a well site.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the improvement of a small solid-liquid separation device suitable for a well site is as follows: including the screening box of slot-shaped, install the motor cabinet on the screening box, install vibrating motor on the motor cabinet, the removable apron of taking off in the top installation of screening box, install the feed inlet on the apron, horizontal installation screen cloth in the screening box, leave the clearance between the front end of screen cloth and the lateral wall of screening box, the bottom downward sloping backward in the past of screening box, locate the feed opening in the relative department in the bottom front end of screening box and above-mentioned clearance, set up the leakage fluid dram at the slope bottom end of screening box, the screening box is supported by the pillar more than three, and set up damping spring between pillar and screening box.
Furthermore, two U-shaped reinforcing ribs are welded on the outer wall of the screening box body; a waterproof Glan head is arranged on the side wall of the screening box body; the front side wall and the rear side wall of the screening box body are respectively provided with a handle; and spraying PEEK on the upper surface of the inclined bottom of the screening box body.
Further, a motor base is installed at the top of the screening box body, two direct current vibration motors are installed on the motor base side by side, and eccentric blocks of the two direct current vibration motors synchronously rotate in the opposite direction.
Furthermore, the number of the cover plates is two, a front cover plate is arranged in front of the motor base, a rear cover plate is arranged behind the motor base, and the screening box body is movably connected with the front cover plate and the rear cover plate through buckles; and waterproof cotton with glue is pasted between the top of the screening box body and the front cover plate and the rear cover plate.
Furthermore, the feed inlet is connected with the cover plate through a flange plate, a rubber sealing gasket is added in the middle, and a flow sensor is arranged in the feed inlet.
Furthermore, a screen support frame is arranged on the inner side wall of the screening box body, the screen is laid on the screen support frame and tightened by a screen tightening device, and the screen tightening device and the screen support frame are fixed through bolts.
Furthermore, a cleaning device capable of moving back and forth along the screening box body is arranged in the screening box body, is positioned above the screen and is provided with a high-pressure air head facing the screen.
Furthermore, four supporting columns are arranged in a square array, the four supporting columns are fixedly installed on the bottom plate through bolts respectively, hoisting rings are installed on the four supporting columns, and screw rod structures used for adjusting the height are arranged at the bottoms of the two supporting columns on the rear side.
Furthermore, a connecting device is installed at the top of the damping spring, and the connecting device is connected with the screening box body through bolts.
The improvement of a solid-liquid separation method using the solid-liquid separation device is that: in the mud that carries the detritus got into the screening box from the feed inlet, filtered through the screen cloth, mud fell into the slope bottom of screening box to flow backward through the leakage fluid dram along the slope bottom, the detritus then stays on the screen cloth, provides exciting force by vibrating motor, and vibrating screen makes the detritus move forward on the screen cloth, discharges after falling into the feed opening from the clearance of screen cloth front end.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the solid-liquid separation device disclosed by the invention adopts a miniaturized design, and can be installed and used in a well site. Modularized design, overall structure can easily split into 8 parts, is convenient for transport and field installation dismantlement. Through two direct current motor designs, realize the sharp conveying of detritus and control screening effect. And the screening operation of rock debris in different stratums is completed by replacing screens with different meshes. Through feed inlet control, can be orderly according to the drilling depth with the detritus, real-time separation comes out, can accomplish the recovery of drilling fluid and the collection of detritus simultaneously, guaranteed geological sample quality. The design of the feed inlet flange can be easily disassembled and replaced while meeting the sealing requirement, and the joint can be replaced according to different diameters of the feed inlet pipe orifice. The height of the screw structure of the rear side support is adjusted, so that the angle of the screen is controlled, and the screening effect is improved. The amount of the slurry is detected by a flow sensor so as to control the rock debris collection amount. The bottom of screening box adopts the inclined plane design to do the PEEK spraying at the upper surface on inclined plane, prevent that the mud liquid from gluing, reduce tiny particle and pile up. Through the cleaning device, the long-term normal use of the screen can be kept.
The solid-liquid separation method disclosed by the invention can effectively separate rock debris and drilling fluid (mud), and has the advantages of good separation effect and high speed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram I of a solid-liquid separation apparatus disclosed in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram II of a solid-liquid separation apparatus disclosed in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a plan view of the solid-liquid separator disclosed in example 1 of the present invention, with the cover plate removed;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the motion process of the eccentric mass of the vibration motor in the solid-liquid separation apparatus disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. For example, the cover plate of the screening box body of the embodiment is connected by adopting a buckle, and can also be connected by adopting other modes such as a hinge and the like; the screen is tightened and fixed by bolts, and can also be fixed by other modes such as press mounting and the like; the cleaning device adopts high-pressure gas cleaning, and can also adopt high-pressure water cleaning and other modes; the flow sensor can be replaced by a liquid level sensor and the like; the height of the support is adjusted by adopting a screw structure, and the height can be adjusted by adopting a lifting platform and other modes; the spring shock absorption can be replaced by rubber shock absorption and the like; in order to meet the requirements of a well site, a direct current vibration motor is used, and an alternating current vibration motor can be used for replacing other places.
Embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1-4, this embodiment discloses a small solid-liquid separator suitable for well site, which comprises a groove-shaped screening box 1, a motor base 2 is installed on the screening box, a vibration motor 16 is installed on the motor base, a detachable cover plate is installed on the top of the screening box, a feed inlet 8 is installed on the cover plate, the feed inlet is located at the rear end of a rear cover plate, and the structural members of the feed inlet can be changed according to the diameter size of a feed pipe. Horizontal installation screen cloth 3 in the screening box, leave the clearance between the lateral wall of the front end of screen cloth and screening box, the bottom downward sloping backward in the past of screening box, offer binding off type feed opening 13 in the relative department in the bottom front end of screening box with above-mentioned clearance, set up leakage fluid dram 12 at the slope bottom end of screening box, the leakage fluid dram sets up the rear side wall bottom at the screening box in this embodiment, the screening box is supported by four pillars that become square array arrangement, including two preceding pillars 4 and two back pillars 5, and set up damping spring 25 between pillar and screening box, damping spring plays the shock attenuation, the cushioning effect.
Two U-shaped reinforcing ribs 11 are welded on the outer wall of the screening box body so as to increase the overall structural strength of the screening box body; a waterproof gland head 15 is arranged on the side wall of the screening box body, and a flow sensor wire comes out from the waterproof gland head; the front side wall and the rear side wall of the screening box body are respectively provided with a handle 14 for carrying, and a rubber sealing gasket is additionally arranged at an assembly position; PEEK spraying is done at the slope bottom upper surface of screening box, prevents that the mud liquid from gluing, reduces tiny granule and piles up for the mud liquid velocity of flow, with the leakage fluid dram cooperation, can make the mud liquid lean on the dead weight to flow, under the condition of not adding other drive power, retrieve the mud jar fast in.
The motor cabinet is installed at the top of screening box, installs two direct current vibrating motor of the same specification model side by side on the motor cabinet, and two direct current vibrating motor's eccentric block synchronous antiport.
The motor cabinet structural design is firm, and after two direct current vibrating motor installed, produced excitation force direction was along the line through the barycenter position of whole device, and the accessible is adjusted direct current vibrating motor's vibration frequency control screening effect. As shown in fig. 5, when the eccentric block of the dc vibration motor moves to the positions (a) and (c), the centrifugal inertia forces generated on the Y axis are completely superposed, and at this time, the excitation force reaches the maximum value, and when the eccentric block moves to the positions (b) and (d), the generated centrifugal inertia forces are completely offset with each other, and the excitation force is the minimum value of 0, so that the excitation force changes periodically and regularly, thereby realizing the reciprocating linear motion of the vibration screen and achieving the effect of linearly and forwardly transmitting the debris on the screen.
The screening box is characterized in that the number of the cover plates is two, a front cover plate 7 is arranged in front of the motor base, a rear cover plate 6 is arranged behind the motor base, the screening box is movably connected with the front cover plate and the rear cover plate through a buckle 9, the buckle is adjustable, and the front cover plate and the rear cover plate can be tightly connected with the screening box through adjusting the tightness of the buckle; the waterproof cotton 10 with glue is pasted between the top of the screening box body and the front cover plate and the rear cover plate, so that the sealing effect is achieved, and the mud liquid is prevented from splashing and flowing out of the device along the front cover plate and the rear cover plate after entering the screening box body, and the site environment is prevented from being polluted.
The feed inlet is connected with the cover plate through a flange plate, a rubber sealing gasket is arranged in the middle of the feed inlet, a flow sensor 22 is arranged in the feed inlet, and the amount of slurry entering the feed inlet can be detected through the flow sensor, so that the rock debris collection amount is controlled.
The inner side wall of the screening box body is provided with a screen mesh support frame 21, the screen mesh is paved on the screen mesh support frame and tightened by a screen mesh tightening device 18, and the screen mesh tightening device and the screen mesh support frame are fixed through bolts. The screen cloth is the individual layer screen cloth, and it is convenient to dismantle, can change the screen cloth of different mesh according to the screening requirement of difference.
In the screening box there is also a cleaning device 19 which can be moved back and forth along the screening box and which is located above the screen and is provided with a high-pressure gas head 20 directed towards the screen in order to clean the screen with high-pressure gas. The cleaning device can move back and forth above the screen to clean the whole screen.
The four support columns are respectively fixedly installed on the bottom plate 27 through bolts so as to improve the overall stability of the device. And hoisting rings 23 are arranged on the four supporting columns and used for integral hoisting. The screw structure 24 for adjusting the height is arranged at the bottoms of the two pillars on the rear side, the screen angle is adjusted by changing the heights of the two pillars on the rear side, the screen is slightly inclined backwards when the mud flow is high, the screen is slightly inclined forwards when the mud flow is not high, and the screening effect is improved.
And a connecting device 26 is arranged at the top of the damping spring, and the connecting device is connected with the screening box body through bolts so as to be detached.
The embodiment also discloses a solid-liquid separation method, and by using the solid-liquid separation device, slurry carrying rock debris enters the screening box body from the feeding hole, is filtered by the screen, falls into the inclined bottom of the screening box body, flows out from the liquid discharge port along the inclined bottom, stays on the screen, is provided with exciting force by the vibrating motor, and moves forward on the screen by the vibrating screen, falls into the discharging hole from the gap at the front end of the screen and is discharged, so that the rock debris is collected after being screened.