CN112868482A - Water-drought two-section type strong seedling cultivation method - Google Patents
Water-drought two-section type strong seedling cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112868482A CN112868482A CN202110026228.8A CN202110026228A CN112868482A CN 112868482 A CN112868482 A CN 112868482A CN 202110026228 A CN202110026228 A CN 202110026228A CN 112868482 A CN112868482 A CN 112868482A
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- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 6
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 3
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002595 cold damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001313734 Dictyophora Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010039509 Scab Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000005842 Thiophanate-methyl Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011717 all-trans-retinol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019169 all-trans-retinol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000001099 axilla Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- QGHREAKMXXNCOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophanate-methyl Chemical group COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC QGHREAKMXXNCOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/45—Tobacco
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a water-drought two-section type strong seedling cultivation method, which belongs to the technical field of planting and comprises the following steps: (1) seed bed construction, (2) nutrient soil preparation, (3) temporary planting treatment, (4) water management, (5) temperature and humidity management, (6) additional fertilizer treatment, (7) leaf shearing treatment and (8) seedling hardening treatment. The invention provides a method for cultivating strong seedlings in a two-stage mode on a paddy field and a dry field, which combines the advantages of floating seedling cultivation and nutrient soil tray seedling cultivation, supplements each other, and has the advantages of intensive production, standardized management, consistent tobacco seedling growth, less pest and disease damage occurrence, strong tobacco seedlings, simple and convenient transplantation, short seedling returning period of the tobacco seedlings and the like, thereby having great popularization and application values.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of planting, and particularly relates to a cultivation method of strong seedlings in a two-stage mode on a paddy field and a dry land.
Background
The floating seedling raising belongs to the field of soilless culture in protected land. In the seedling raising shed, the foam tray filled with the seedling raising matrix floats in a water pool containing complete nutrition, tobacco seedlings grow in the seedling raising matrix, and nutrition and moisture are absorbed from the floating pool, so that the processes of germination, growth and seedling formation of the seedlings are completed. The floating seedling raising has the advantages of fast seedling raising speed, low labor intensity, etc., soil-borne diseases and insect pests are basically isolated in the seedling stage, the disease incidence rate in the seedling raising stage is obviously reduced, and the floating seedling raising of the flue-cured tobacco is a seedling raising technology completely different from the traditional technology.
Although the floating seedling raising method is well developed, the subsequent treatments such as temporary planting of the raised tobacco seedlings and the like are common, so that the quality and the subsequent growth condition of the finally raised tobacco seedlings during transplanting are not good, and therefore continuous improvement is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a two-stage strong seedling cultivation method for paddy field and dry land.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a cultivation method of strong seedlings in two-stage type on water and dry land comprises the following steps:
(1) building a sub-bed:
ditching and manufacturing a flat type dry land bed before temporary planting, controlling the width of the ditch to be 0.7m, the depth of the ditch to be 0.2m, the length of a compartment to be not more than 12m, the width of the compartment surface to be l-l.2m, and the area of a sub-bed used in each mu of field to be 4m2(ii) a The specification of the tray is 54 holes/piece, the length, width and height are 580mm multiplied by 330mm multiplied by 56mm, the diameter of an upper hole is controlled to be 56mm, the diameter of a lower hole is controlled to be 18mm, the diameter of a round hole at the bottom is controlled to be 6mm, and the net weight is not less than 80 g;
(2) preparing nutrient soil:
preparing nutrient soil before temporary planting, wherein the nutrient soil is prepared by blending soil materials and ash materials;
(3) temporary planting treatment:
when the greenhouse floating tray tobacco seedlings grow to 4-5 leaves, performing temporary planting treatment, before temporary planting, firstly placing a tray filled with the nutrient soil prepared in the step (2) on the seed bed built in the step (1), sealing the tray below the periphery of the seed bed with soil so as to preserve water and heat, then taking out the greenhouse floating tray tobacco seedlings and planting the greenhouse floating tray tobacco seedlings into the tray, planting 1 plant in each hole, watering immediately after planting, and finally arching and covering a film;
(4) water content management:
watering the tobacco seedlings in the morning and at night every three days after the temporary planting treatment, watering the tobacco seedlings according to the moisture content of nutrient soil after the tobacco seedlings survive, keeping the nutrient soil moist but not dry, and controlling water and hardening the tobacco seedlings when the tobacco seedlings grow to 7-8 leaves;
(5) temperature and humidity management:
after the tobacco seedlings are heeled in, arching and covering films for heat preservation are immediately carried out, films at two ends of an arched shed are opened at noon according to the air temperature for ventilation for 1-2h, and the anti-freezing seedlings at the edge of the shed are compacted; controlling the temperature in the film to be not more than 30 ℃ to prevent seedlings from being burnt;
(6) topdressing treatment:
after the tobacco seedlings survive, timely fertilizing according to the growth vigor of the tobacco seedlings, and spraying clear water once after each fertilization to prevent the fertilizer from being stained with leaves and burning the seedlings;
(7) leaf cutting treatment:
when the tobacco seedlings grow to 6 leaves 1 core and 7 leaves 1 core, cutting the leaves once, specifically cutting off 1/3 or 1/2 with the area of a single leaf, wherein the maximum value of the tobacco seedlings is not more than 2/3 when large seedlings are required to be controlled;
(8) hardening seedlings:
and (3) starting temperature reduction and seedling hardening 7 days before transplanting, uncovering the film 1/3 on the first day, uncovering the film 1/2 on the second day and uncovering the film completely on the third day before transplanting, and transplanting when the tobacco seedlings grow to 8 leaves and 1 core.
Further, the soil material in the step (2) is screened paddy field soil or mountain soil; the ash material is fire soil ash; the corresponding weight ratio of the soil material to the ash material is 3: 2; the nutrient soil is prepared by uniformly mixing soil materials and ash materials and fully decomposing; the dosage of the nutrient soil is 250kg per mu of field.
Further, the temporary planting treatment in the step (3) is performed during the afternoon or the cloudy day of a sunny day.
Further, the fertilization treatment in the step (6) is carried out by mixing and spraying according to the fertilizer-water ratio of 1: 100.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention provides a method for cultivating strong seedlings in a two-stage mode on a paddy field and a dry field, which combines the advantages of floating seedling cultivation and nutrient soil tray seedling cultivation, supplements each other, and has the advantages of intensive production, standardized management, consistent tobacco seedling growth, less pest and disease damage occurrence, strong tobacco seedlings, simple and convenient transplantation, short seedling returning period of the tobacco seedlings and the like, thereby having great popularization and application values.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A cultivation method of strong seedlings in two-stage type on water and dry land comprises the following steps:
(1) building a sub-bed:
before temporary planting, ditching and manufacturing a flat type dry land bed, controlling the ditch width to be 0.7m, the ditch depth to be 0.2m, the compartment length to be not more than 12m, the compartment surface width to be lm, and the area of a seed bed used in each mu of field to be 4m2(ii) a The specification of the tray is 54 holes/piece, the length, width and height are 580mm multiplied by 330mm multiplied by 56mm, the diameter of an upper hole is controlled to be 56mm, the diameter of a lower hole is controlled to be 18mm, the diameter of a round hole at the bottom is controlled to be 6mm, and the net weight is not less than 80 g;
(2) preparing nutrient soil:
preparing nutrient soil before temporary planting, wherein the nutrient soil is prepared by blending soil materials and ash materials;
(3) temporary planting treatment:
when the greenhouse floating tray tobacco seedlings grow to 4 leaves, performing temporary planting treatment, placing a tray filled with the nutrient soil prepared in the step (2) on the seed bed built in the step (1) before temporary planting, sealing the tray below the seed bed with soil so as to preserve water and heat, taking out the greenhouse floating tray tobacco seedlings and planting the greenhouse floating tray tobacco seedlings into the tray, planting 1 plant in each hole, watering immediately after planting, and finally arching and covering a film;
(4) water content management:
watering the tobacco seedlings in the morning and at night every three days after the temporary planting treatment, watering the tobacco seedlings according to the moisture content of nutrient soil after the tobacco seedlings survive, keeping the nutrient soil moist but not dry, and controlling water and hardening the tobacco seedlings when the tobacco seedlings grow to 7 leaves;
(5) temperature and humidity management:
after the tobacco seedlings are heeled in, arching and covering films for heat preservation are immediately carried out, films at two ends of an arched shed are opened at noon according to the air temperature for ventilation for 1h, and the anti-freezing seedlings at the edge of the shed are compacted; controlling the temperature in the film to be not more than 30 ℃ to prevent seedlings from being burnt;
(6) topdressing treatment:
after the tobacco seedlings survive, timely fertilizing according to the growth vigor of the tobacco seedlings, and spraying clear water once after each fertilization to prevent the fertilizer from being stained with leaves and burning the seedlings;
(7) leaf cutting treatment:
when the tobacco seedlings grow to 6 leaves 1 core and 7 leaves 1 core, cutting the leaves once, specifically cutting off 1/3 or 1/2 with the area of a single leaf, wherein the maximum value of the tobacco seedlings is not more than 2/3 when large seedlings are required to be controlled;
(8) hardening seedlings:
and (3) starting temperature reduction and seedling hardening 7 days before transplanting, uncovering the film 1/3 on the first day, uncovering the film 1/2 on the second day and uncovering the film completely on the third day before transplanting, and transplanting when the tobacco seedlings grow to 8 leaves and 1 core.
The soil material in the step (2) is screened paddy field soil or mountain soil; the ash material is fire soil ash; the corresponding weight ratio of the soil material to the ash material is 3: 2; the nutrient soil is prepared by uniformly mixing soil materials and ash materials and fully decomposing; the dosage of the nutrient soil is 250kg per mu of field.
And (4) selecting the afternoon or cloudy period of a sunny day to perform temporary planting treatment in the step (3).
And (4) mixing the fertilizer and the water according to a fertilizer-water ratio of 1:100 and spraying the mixture during the fertilization treatment in the step (6).
Example 2
A cultivation method of strong seedlings in two-stage type on water and dry land comprises the following steps:
(1) building a sub-bed:
ditching and manufacturing a flat type dry land bed before temporary planting, controlling the width of the ditch to be 0.7m, the depth of the ditch to be 0.2m, the length of a compartment to be not more than 12m, the width of the compartment surface to be l.2m, and the area of a seed bed used in each mu of field to be 4m2(ii) a The specification of the tray is 54 holes/piece, the length, width and height are 580mm multiplied by 330mm multiplied by 56mm, the diameter of an upper hole is controlled to be 56mm, the diameter of a lower hole is controlled to be 18mm, the diameter of a round hole at the bottom is controlled to be 6mm, and the net weight is not less than 80 g;
(2) preparing nutrient soil:
preparing nutrient soil before temporary planting, wherein the nutrient soil is prepared by blending soil materials and ash materials;
(3) temporary planting treatment:
when the greenhouse floating tray tobacco seedlings grow to 5 leaves, performing temporary planting treatment, before temporary planting, firstly placing a tray filled with the nutrient soil prepared in the step (2) on the built subbed in the step (1), sealing the tray below the subbed with soil so as to preserve water and heat, then taking out the greenhouse floating tray tobacco seedlings and planting the greenhouse floating tray tobacco seedlings into the tray, planting 1 plant in each hole, watering immediately after planting, and finally arching and covering a film;
(4) water content management:
watering the tobacco seedlings in the morning and at night every three days after the temporary planting treatment, watering the tobacco seedlings according to the moisture content of nutrient soil after the tobacco seedlings survive, keeping the nutrient soil moist but not dry, and controlling water and hardening the tobacco seedlings when the tobacco seedlings grow to 7-8 leaves;
(5) temperature and humidity management:
immediately arching and covering films for heat preservation after temporary planting of tobacco seedlings, uncovering films at two ends of an arched shed at noon according to air temperature for ventilation for 2 hours, and compacting the anti-freezing seedlings at the edge of the shed; controlling the temperature in the film to be not more than 30 ℃ to prevent seedlings from being burnt;
(6) topdressing treatment:
after the tobacco seedlings survive, timely fertilizing according to the growth vigor of the tobacco seedlings, and spraying clear water once after each fertilization to prevent the fertilizer from being stained with leaves and burning the seedlings;
(7) leaf cutting treatment:
when the tobacco seedlings grow to 6 leaves 1 core and 7 leaves 1 core, cutting the leaves once, specifically cutting off 1/3 or 1/2 with the area of a single leaf, wherein the maximum value of the tobacco seedlings is not more than 2/3 when large seedlings are required to be controlled;
(8) hardening seedlings:
and (3) starting temperature reduction and seedling hardening 7 days before transplanting, uncovering the film 1/3 on the first day, uncovering the film 1/2 on the second day and uncovering the film completely on the third day before transplanting, and transplanting when the tobacco seedlings grow to 8 leaves and 1 core.
The soil material in the step (2) is screened paddy field soil or mountain soil; the ash material is fire soil ash; the corresponding weight ratio of the soil material to the ash material is 3: 2; the nutrient soil is prepared by uniformly mixing soil materials and ash materials and fully decomposing; the dosage of the nutrient soil is 250kg per mu of field.
And (4) selecting the afternoon or cloudy period of a sunny day to perform temporary planting treatment in the step (3).
And (4) mixing the fertilizer and the water according to a fertilizer-water ratio of 1:100 and spraying the mixture during the fertilization treatment in the step (6).
The method for analyzing and processing the common problems in the subbed management and the like in the method comprises the following steps:
1. seedling of roasted
1.1 symptoms growth is stopped, or slowed significantly; the leaves become yellow, the texture becomes soft, the edges curl, and the tips of the leaves gradually become withered and yellow; the stem becomes yellow and internodes become shortened.
1.2 analysis of causes
High temperature: in the process of the seedbed management, the ventilation is not timely, or the seedbed is too long, so that the ventilation is not smooth, the temperature in the small shed is too high, the moisture absorbed by the root system cannot meet the requirements of tobacco plants, and the tobacco seedlings are wilted and yellow and even die.
Fertilizer damage: in the process of preparing the nutrient soil, the fertilizer is added too much or the time for composting the nutrient soil is insufficient, the fertilizer concentration is overhigh due to temporary preparation, the root system of the tobacco plant can not absorb water from the nutrient soil, the seedling is burnt,
1.3 measures of treatment
Firstly, strengthen the humiture management: the greenhouse is ventilated frequently, the temperature in the greenhouse is maintained at about 18 ℃, and the stress on tobacco seedlings caused by high temperature is relieved.
Secondly, strengthening the water management: the seedling burning phenomenon occurs, and water is timely sprayed after aeration cooling, so that the temperature of the tobacco seedlings can be further reduced, on the other hand, sufficient water is provided for the tobacco seedlings, normal metabolism of the tobacco seedlings is promoted, on the other hand, the concentration of the fertilizer can be reduced, and stress on the tobacco seedlings caused by fertilizer damage is reduced.
Thirdly, timely stump supplement: and (3) cleaning the dead tobacco seedlings in time, replanting the tobacco seedlings, and ensuring that sufficient tobacco seedlings are available during field transplanting.
2. Cold damage
2.1 symptoms: the edges of the tobacco seedling leaves are rolled inwards or stretched in a tongue shape; the tongue-shaped leaves and heart leaves are white or light yellow in color, even the tobacco seedlings are deformed, and the growth stops.
2.2 cause analysis:
improper temperature and humidity management: in the tobacco seedling planting process, the temperature change is large, if the temperature changes in low-temperature weather, the heat preservation measures are not sufficient, and the tobacco seedlings can be frozen.
The sub-bed is too narrow: when the subbed is made to arch, the distance between the periphery of the planting tray and the small shed film is reserved by about 5 centimeters, so that the tobacco seedlings are prevented from directly contacting the shed film, and the phenomenon that freeze injury often occurs to the tobacco seedlings at the periphery is also one of important reasons.
2.3 treatment measures:
and (3) strengthening temperature and humidity management: if the temperature is low, the film is covered in advance for heat preservation, and if necessary, straws and the like can be covered on the small shed film, so that the heat preservation capability is further improved;
timely stump supplement: and (3) cleaning the dead tobacco seedlings in time, replanting the tobacco seedlings, and ensuring that sufficient tobacco seedlings are available during field transplanting.
Branch tobacco cultivation: the tobacco seedlings subjected to cold damage are transplanted to a field and are usually early blossomed, for tobacco plants with more than 10 leaves and less than 16 buds, the tobacco plants and 2-3 leaves below the buds are all removed, and a stronger dictyophora fragrans is left at the axilla of the penultimate leaf or the third leaf; timely cutting off main stems of tobacco plants with buds below 10 leaves, reserving 2-3 bottom leaves, and selecting 1 strong bud after axillary buds germinate. For tobacco plants with early flowering, intertillage and hilling should be enhanced after treatment, and fertilizer is supplemented according to the early flowering degree to promote the growth of the tobacco plants.
3. Anthracnose
3.1 symptoms: the disease spots are initially dark green water stain-like small spots, then gradually expand into net spots, are slightly concave, are obviously slightly raised at the edges and are reddish brown, are grayish white at the center, and are crushed and perforated at the later stage. When the weather is humid, the spots are often brown or yellowish brown, and sometimes have ring lines or small black spots. When the weather is dry and the host tissue is old and hard, the scab has no ring lines or small black spots. When the disease spots are dense, they are combined with each other, resulting in the twisting and scorching of the leaves.
2.2 cause analysis:
improper temperature and humidity management: in the management process of the sub-bed, the ventilation is not timely, and the greenhouse is in a high-temperature and high-humidity environment for a long time to breed germs.
Attention is not paid to hygienic operations: the cut leaves are not cleared out of the seedbed in time and are rotten in the seedbed to breed germs.
2.3 treatment measures:
and (3) strengthening temperature and humidity management: the ventilation is carried out in time, and the humidity in the shed is reduced.
Attention is paid to sanitary operation: in the management process, the sanitary operation requirement is strictly executed, and the seedbed is kept clean and tidy.
And (3) preventing and treating by using a medicament: the anthracnose can be prevented and controlled by zineb and thiophanate methyl.
Claims (4)
1. A cultivation method of strong seedlings in two-stage type on water and dry land is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) building a sub-bed:
ditching and manufacturing a flat type dry land bed before temporary planting, controlling the width of the ditch to be 0.7m, the depth of the ditch to be 0.2m, the length of a compartment to be not more than 12m, the width of the compartment surface to be l-l.2m, and the area of a sub-bed used in each mu of field to be 4m2(ii) a The specification of the tray is 54 holes/piece, the length, width and height are 580mm multiplied by 330mm multiplied by 56mm, the diameter of an upper hole is controlled to be 56mm, the diameter of a lower hole is controlled to be 18mm, the diameter of a round hole at the bottom is controlled to be 6mm, and the net weight is not less than 80 g;
(2) preparing nutrient soil:
preparing nutrient soil before temporary planting, wherein the nutrient soil is prepared by blending soil materials and ash materials;
(3) temporary planting treatment:
when the greenhouse floating tray tobacco seedlings grow to 4-5 leaves, performing temporary planting treatment, before temporary planting, firstly placing a tray filled with the nutrient soil prepared in the step (2) on the seed bed built in the step (1), sealing the tray below the periphery of the seed bed with soil so as to preserve water and heat, then taking out the greenhouse floating tray tobacco seedlings and planting the greenhouse floating tray tobacco seedlings into the tray, planting 1 plant in each hole, watering immediately after planting, and finally arching and covering a film;
(4) water content management:
watering the tobacco seedlings in the morning and at night every three days after the temporary planting treatment, watering the tobacco seedlings according to the moisture content of nutrient soil after the tobacco seedlings survive, keeping the nutrient soil moist but not dry, and controlling water and hardening the tobacco seedlings when the tobacco seedlings grow to 7-8 leaves;
(5) temperature and humidity management:
after the tobacco seedlings are heeled in, arching and covering films for heat preservation are immediately carried out, films at two ends of an arched shed are opened at noon according to the air temperature for ventilation for 1-2h, and the anti-freezing seedlings at the edge of the shed are compacted; controlling the temperature in the film to be not more than 30 ℃ to prevent seedlings from being burnt;
(6) topdressing treatment:
after the tobacco seedlings survive, timely fertilizing according to the growth vigor of the tobacco seedlings, and spraying clear water once after each fertilization to prevent the fertilizer from being stained with leaves and burning the seedlings;
(7) leaf cutting treatment:
when the tobacco seedlings grow to 6 leaves 1 core and 7 leaves 1 core, cutting the leaves once, specifically cutting off 1/3 or 1/2 with the area of a single leaf, wherein the maximum value of the tobacco seedlings is not more than 2/3 when large seedlings are required to be controlled;
(8) hardening seedlings:
and (3) starting temperature reduction and seedling hardening 7 days before transplanting, uncovering the film 1/3 on the first day, uncovering the film 1/2 on the second day and uncovering the film completely on the third day before transplanting, and transplanting when the tobacco seedlings grow to 8 leaves and 1 core.
2. The cultivation method of two-stage strong seedlings for paddy field and dry land as claimed in claim 1, wherein the soil material in step (2) is screened paddy field soil or mountain soil; the ash material is fire soil ash; the corresponding weight ratio of the soil material to the ash material is 3: 2; the nutrient soil is prepared by uniformly mixing soil materials and ash materials and fully decomposing; the dosage of the nutrient soil is 250kg per mu of field.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temporary planting in step (3) is performed during afternoon or cloudy day.
4. The method for cultivating strong seedlings on both paddy and dry fields according to claim 1, wherein the fertilization in the step (6) is carried out by mixing and spraying according to a fertilizer-water ratio of 1: 100.
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| CN107409670A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-12-01 | 湖南省烟草公司衡阳市公司常宁市分公司 | A kind of tobacco floating seed rearing pulls out method for transplanting under plant film |
| CN108056001A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-05-22 | 湖南省烟草公司郴州市公司 | Two-section type tobacco seedling raising nutrient soil and preparation method thereof |
-
2021
- 2021-01-08 CN CN202110026228.8A patent/CN112868482A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103098645A (en) * | 2013-03-12 | 2013-05-15 | 贵州省烟草科学研究院 | Cultivation method of flue-cured tobacco small strong seedlings |
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