CN112841449A - 一种经典鸡饲料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种经典鸡饲料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN112841449A CN112841449A CN202110095179.3A CN202110095179A CN112841449A CN 112841449 A CN112841449 A CN 112841449A CN 202110095179 A CN202110095179 A CN 202110095179A CN 112841449 A CN112841449 A CN 112841449A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种经典鸡饲料及其制备方法,包括以下重量份的原料:玉米粒30‑50份,小麦20‑40份,花生麸10‑20份,豆粕5‑10份,玉米蛋白粉2‑4份,花生油3‑5份,石粉1‑2份,磷酸氢钙0.5‑1份,谷氨酸渣1‑2份,沸石粉0.3‑0.5份,赖氨酸0.3‑0.5份,蛋氨酸0.1‑0.2份,氯化钠0.2‑0.3份,50%氯化胆碱0.1‑0.15份,鸡矿物质0.1‑0.15份,酶制剂0.1‑0.2份,鸡多维0.02‑0.03份,黄腐酸0.05‑0.15份,植物精油0.01‑0.02份,复合酸化剂0.15份。本发明饲料能够提高鸡的肉质结实度,增加了鸡肉的风味和香味,保证鸡的肠道健康;通过参与鸡机体的新陈代谢,促进细胞分裂、调节肠道pH值,促进鸡的消化酶的分泌,促进消化吸收、防腹泻,提高鸡的免疫力和生长速度。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于饲料配制技术领域,具体涉及一种经典鸡饲料及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前,随着人们生活水平的进一步提高,饮食生活质量也在不断提高。人们从以前的吃饱到吃好,再到现在吃的健康,越来越多的人们更加关注于食物的健康与美味。肉食消费也从满足蛋白质升级到消费优质、健康、好吃的肉类蛋白质。鸡肉是人们日常生活中不可缺少的一种肉类食品,鸡肉中蛋白质种类较多,含量比例较高,消化率高,很容易被人体吸收利用,有增强体力、强壮身体的作用。鸡肉中的脂肪含量较低,不饱和脂肪酸的含量高,特别是亚麻酸含量较高,对人体健康有利。
随着养殖业的发展,鸡的大规模养殖过程中由于鸡的免疫力低下,容易发生疾病,造成大批量的死亡,同时由于饲喂饲料的不合理,导致鸡肉的品质大打折扣,口感不佳。目前,关于提高鸡的免疫力、保证鸡的健康的饲料研究有很多,然而,仍然存在满足不了鸡的生长发育的各种营养需求,同时为了加快鸡的生长,多饲喂精饲料,造成鸡肉品质下降,且增加了养殖成本。因此怎样提供一种鸡饲料,既保证鸡的营养需求和鸡的健康、提高鸡的免疫力,又保证鸡上市时的肉质鲜美和口感,是人们急待解决的问题。
为了满足人们消费升级的要求,利用广东、广西优质山地鸡的优良基因,开发培育了肉质鲜美的经典鸡品种,本品种饲养粗放、体抗力强,适合在广东炎热的气候和山地开放养殖。然而目前山地鸡缺乏良种,主要是由于鸡饲料配制问题,农村养鸡大多自配饲料,营养不全,过度追求蛋白质含量,品种单一,仔鸡,中鸡,蛋鸡和肉鸡多采用同一种饲料,不重视饲料质量,导致经典鸡鸡肉品质不佳。因此,急需提供一种提高经典鸡肉质品质的饲料。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种经典鸡饲料及其制备方法,以解决经典鸡养殖存在的鸡的免疫力低及肉质口感差的难题。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供了以下技术方案:
一种经典鸡饲料,包括以下重量份的原料:玉米粒30-50份,小麦20-40份,花生麸10-20份,豆粕5-10份,玉米蛋白粉2-4份,花生油3-5份,石粉1-2份,磷酸氢钙0.5-1份,谷氨酸渣1-2份,沸石粉0.3-0.5份,赖氨酸0.3-0.5份,蛋氨酸0.1-0.2份,氯化钠0.2-0.3份,50%氯化胆碱0.1-0.15份,鸡矿物质0.1-0.15份,酶制剂0.1-0.2份,鸡多维0.02-0.03份,黄腐酸0.05-0.15份,植物精油0.01-0.02份,复合酸化剂0.15份。
优选的,所述鸡矿物质包含:锰96毫克/公斤饲料,锌80毫克/公斤饲料,铜9.6毫克/公斤饲料,铁48毫克/公斤饲料,碘2毫克/公斤饲料,硒0.3毫克/公斤饲料,钴0.6毫克/公斤饲料。
优选的,所述酶制剂包含:β木聚糖酶2000U/g每公斤饲料,蛋白酶4000U/g每公斤饲料,α-淀粉酶200U/g每公斤饲料。
优选的,所述玉米粉碎粒度直径为0.25-0.3mm;所述小麦粉碎粒度直径为0.4-0.5mm。
优选的,所述植物精油含辣椒素、桉树精油、香芹酚、肉桂醛。
优选的,所述复合酸化剂包含:磷酸0.15克每公斤饲料,乳酸0.09克每公斤饲料,苯甲酸0.225克每公斤饲料,柠檬酸0.375克每公斤饲料。
本发明还提供了一种经典鸡饲料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将所述赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、氯化钠、50%氯化胆碱、鸡矿物质、酶制剂、鸡多维、黄腐酸、植物精油、复合酸化剂,用载体预混做成预混料;
(2)将所述预混料与部分花生油以及剩余组分进行混合,用高热蒸汽在75-85℃的温度下,调质120-150秒,将调制好的物料制粒;
(3)在制粒后的物料外表面喷剩余的花生油,得到所述经典鸡饲料。
优选的,所述步骤(1)中的载体为0.6%沸石粉。
优选的,所述步骤(2)中调质需要调质搅龙和保质器共同完成。
优选的,所述步骤(3)中制粒根据鸡的日龄阶段颗粒大小不同,0-30日龄制成3.5mm直径颗粒后再破碎,31-60日龄制成2.8mm直径颗粒,颗粒长度50-100mm,61-90日龄制成3.5mm直径颗粒,颗粒长度80-120mm,91-125日龄制成3.8mm直径颗粒,颗粒长度80-120mm。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下有益效果:
本发明提供了一种经典鸡饲料,通过将玉米粒,小麦,花生麸,豆粕,玉米蛋白粉,花生油,石粉,磷酸氢钙,谷氨酸渣,沸石粉,赖氨酸,蛋氨酸,氯化钠,50%氯化胆碱,鸡矿物质,酶制剂,鸡多维,黄腐酸,植物精油,复合酸化剂按比例混合制成了一种经典鸡饲料。
本发明提供的饲料从传统的玉米豆粕型转为玉米、小麦、花生麸型,其中小麦可以提高鸡的肉质结实度,花生麸和花生油中含有大量脂肪酸,增加了鸡肉的风味和香味。
本发明提供的饲料含有复合酸化剂、酶制剂和植物精油,能够杀灭有害菌,使有害菌没法大量繁殖而保证鸡的肠道健康。
本发明提供的饲料含有黄腐酸,黄腐酸是在腐植土壤中提取的含有核酸、氨基酸、维生素、肌醇、多糖等物质,这些物质通过参与鸡机体的新陈代谢,促进细胞分裂、调节肠道pH值,促进鸡的消化酶的分泌,促进消化吸收、防腹泻,提高鸡的免疫力和生长速度。
具体实施方式
一种经典鸡饲料,包括以下重量份的原料:玉米粒30-50份,小麦20-40份,花生麸10-20份,豆粕5-10份,玉米蛋白粉2-4份,花生油3-5份,石粉1-2份,磷酸氢钙0.5-1份,谷氨酸渣1-2份,沸石粉0.3-0.5份,赖氨酸0.3-0.5份,蛋氨酸0.1-0.2份,氯化钠0.2-0.3份,50%氯化胆碱0.1-0.15份,鸡矿物质0.1-0.15份,酶制剂0.1-0.2份,鸡多维0.02-0.03份,黄腐酸0.05-0.15份,植物精油0.01-0.02份,复合酸化剂0.15份。
本发明经典鸡饲料中,添加了玉米粒。玉米含蛋白质8.5%、脂肪4.3%、糖类73.2%、钙0.022%、磷.21%、铁0.0016%,还含有胡萝卜素、维生素B1、B2和尼克酸以及谷固醇、卵磷脂、维生素E、赖氨酸等。玉米适口性好,可利用能值高,对于鸡来说,每千克的玉米可以产生14.05兆焦的代谢能。玉米中粗纤维占比很小,仅有2%,而消化率却可以达到90%以上,利用率很高,促进鸡的生长。本发明中,以经典鸡饲料重量份计,玉米粒的添加量为30-50份,优选为35-45份,更优选为40份。本发明所用原材料玉米优选东北三省产地的玉米,玉米自然晒干,1-10月份水分控制在13.5%以下,其余月份控制在14.5以下。玉米容重在710克/升。霉菌毒素控制在国家标准以下。玉米在车间存储时间不能超过30天,并且要进行抽风散热,保证玉米质量的安全性。本发明中,优选将玉米粒粉碎后添加到经典鸡饲料中,对鸡的鸡胃起到研磨作用,促进鸡胃的生长发育和消化酶的分泌。在本发明中,优选玉米粒的粉碎粒度为0.25-0.3mm,更优选为0.28mm。
本发明经典鸡饲料中,添加了小麦。小麦的主要成分是碳水化合物、脂肪、蛋白质、粗纤维、钙、磷、钾、维生素B1、维生素B2及烟酸等成分,还有一种尿囊素的成分。此外,小麦胚芽里还富含食物纤维和维生素E,少量的精氨酸、淀粉酶、谷甾醇、卵磷脂和蛋白分解酶,可以提高鸡的肉质结实度。本发明中,以经典鸡饲料重量份计,小麦的添加量为20-40份,优选为25-35份,更优选为30份。本发明所用原材料小麦优选江苏产地的小麦,小麦自然晒干,6-10月份水分控制在12.5%以下,其余月份控制在11.5以下。小麦容重在760克/升。霉菌毒素控制在国家标准以下。小麦在车间存储时间不能超过30天,并且要进行抽风散热,保证小麦质量的安全性。本发明中,优选将小麦粉碎后添加到经典鸡饲料中,对鸡的鸡胃起到研磨作用,促进鸡胃的生长发育和消化酶的分泌。在本发明中,优选小麦的粉碎粒度为0.4-0.5mm,更优选为0.45mm。
本发明经典鸡饲料中,添加了花生麸。花生麸是花生仁榨油后的附产物,花生麸富含蛋白质高达40%,同时含有大量脂肪酸,增加了鸡肉的风味和香味。本发明中,以经典鸡饲料重量份计,花生麸的添加量为10-20份,优选为13-17份,更优选为15份。本发明对花生麸的来源没有特殊限定,采用市售产品即可。
本发明经典鸡饲料中,添加了豆粕。豆粕含干物质89.0%,粗蛋白质44.0%,粗脂肪1.9%,粗纤维5.1%,粗灰分6.2%,钙0.34%,磷0.63%。豆粕富含必需氨基酸,赖氨酸2.8%,异亮氨酸1.8%,色氨酸、苏氨酸也很高,氨基酸组成合理。豆粕中还含有大豆异黄酮,具有抗氧化及抑菌功效。本发明中,以经典鸡饲料重量份计,豆粕的添加量为5-10份,优选为7-9份,峰优选为8份。本发明的豆粕采用本领域技术人员所熟知的豆粕种类。本发明对豆粕的来源没有特殊限定,采用市售产品即可。
本发明经典鸡饲料中,添加了玉米蛋白粉。玉米蛋白粉是玉米籽粒经食品工业生产淀粉或酿酒工业提纯后的副产品,其蛋白质营养成分丰富,并具有特殊的味道和色泽,可用作饲料使用,与饲料工业常用的鱼粉、豆饼比较,资源优势明显,饲用价值高,不含有毒有害物质,不需进行再处理,可直接用作蛋白原料。玉米蛋白粉中含7%~8%的柠檬酸,具有良好的促生长作用。本发明中,以经典鸡饲料重量份计,玉米蛋白粉的添加量为2-4份,优选为3份。本发明对玉米蛋白粉的来源没有特殊限定,采用市售产品即可。
本发明经典鸡饲料中,添加花生油。花生油含不饱和脂肪酸80%以上(其中含油酸41.2%,亚油酸37.6%),另外还含有软脂酸,硬脂酸和花生酸等饱和脂肪酸19.9%,增加了鸡肉的风味和香味。本发明中,以经典鸡饲料重量份计,花生油的添加量为3-5份,优选为4份。本发明的花生油采用本领域技术人员所熟知的花生油种类。本发明对花生油的来源没有特殊限定,采用市售产品即可。
本发明经典鸡饲料中,添加了石粉。石粉的主要成分是碳酸钙,起到补充钙元素的作用。在鸡饲料中添加石粉以满足鸡生长及产蛋期对钙营养的需求。本发明中,以经典鸡饲料重量份计,石粉的添加量为1-2份,优选为1.5份。本发明对石粉的来源没有特殊限定,采用市售产品即可。
本发明经典鸡饲料中,添加了磷酸氢钙。磷和钙是动物成长食用必不可少的为微量元素,磷是动物机体内新陈代谢和维持生理机能的重要元素,素有“生命之体”之称。钙是动物骨骼、牙齿的形成的重要组成部分,而且还能起到促进血液循环的作用。磷酸氢钙主要为饲料提供磷、钙等矿物质营养,鸡极易消化吸收。可加速鸡的生长发育,快速增重;同时具有增强畜禽抗病耐寒能力。本发明中,以经典鸡饲料重量份计,磷酸氢钙的添加量为0.5-1份,优选为0.8份。本发明对磷酸氢钙的来源没有特殊限定,采用市售产品即可。
本发明经典鸡饲料中,添加了谷氨酸渣。谷氨酸渣是在味精生产过程中从谷物发酵母液中提取谷氨酸后的废弃菌体及发酵底物等,经分离、干燥、磨饲料后制成的一种高蛋白饲料,蛋白质含量高达70%-90%,还含有多种维生素、碳水化合物、脂类、矿物质,以及丰富的酶类和生物活性物质,如辅酶A、辅酶Q、谷胱甘肽等。其中还含许多未知活性因子,可促进畜禽的生长发育。发酵因子能改善畜禽消化机能,提高免疫力,减少疾病,增强抵抗能力。本发明中,以经典鸡饲料重量份计,谷氨酸渣的添加量为1-2份,优选为1.5份。本发明对谷氨酸渣的来源没有特殊限定,采用市售产品即可。
本发明经典鸡饲料中,添加了沸石粉。沸石粉的主要成分为二氧化硅(占65.39%),它的结构空旷,具有许多排列整齐的晶穴和孔道,饲料中的沸石粉与营养成份相混合,可以使动物肠粘膜厚度增加,肠腺发达,使动物的消化功能增强,同时还可以增加胃肠道腺体分泌的消化酶的数量,便于饲料营养成分的充分吸收。沸石粉含有钙、磷、钠、钾、镁、锌、铜、锰等元素,这些都是饲料中不可缺少的元素。饲料中添加沸石粉可以使这些元素得以补充。此外,沸石粉还含有钛、镍、钼、硒等微量元素,都是动物体内酶的激活物质,可以大大地提高动物体酶的活性。本发明中,以经典鸡饲料重量份计,沸石粉的添加量为0.3-0.5份,优选为0.4份。本发明对沸石粉的来源没有特殊限定,采用市售产品即可。
本发明经典鸡饲料中,添加了赖氨酸。赖氨酸具有满足动物需要、促进动物生长、改善氨基酸平衡、提高饲料利用率、节约蛋白质资源的作用。本发明中,以经典鸡饲料重量份计,赖氨酸的添加量为0.3-0.5份,优选为0.4份。本发明对赖氨酸的来源没有特殊限定,采用市售产品即可。
本发明经典鸡饲料中,添加了蛋氨酸。蛋氨酸是构成蛋白质的基本单位之一,具有促进鸡生长发育作用,同时蛋氨酸有提高机体免疫力的作用,还可以大大抑制各种霉毒素(例如黄曲霉毒素)的生长,对鸡有防病保健作用。本发明中,以经典鸡饲料重量份计,蛋氨酸的添加量为0.1-0.2份,优选为0.15份。本发明对蛋氨酸的来源没有特殊限定,采用市售产品即可。
本发明经典鸡饲料中,添加了氯化钠。食盐中的氯可生成胃液中的盐酸,保持胃中的酸性,食盐中的钠在肠道内保持消化液的碱性,有助于消化酶的活动。食盐供给不足,易引起鸡的消化不良、食欲减退、生长发育缓慢。但是禽类对食盐的耐受能力较低,过多的饲喂食盐会引起中毒,因此,必须注意食盐的适量供给。本发明中,以经典鸡饲料重量份计,氯化钠的添加量为0.2-0.3份,优选为0.25份。本发明对氯化钠的来源没有特殊限定,采用市售产品即可。
本发明经典鸡饲料中,添加了50%氯化胆碱。氯化胆碱可预防肝脏、肾脏中的脂肪积累及其组织变性;可促进氨基酸的再组合;可提高氨基酸,尤其是必需的氨基酸蛋氨酸在体内的利用率。氯化胆碱相当于一种氨基酸营养物质,可以提升鸡的免疫力和吸收营养的能力,降低患病率。本发明中,以经典鸡饲料重量份计,50%氯化胆碱的添加量为0.1-0.15份,优选为0.125份。本发明对50%氯化胆碱的来源没有特殊限定,采用市售产品即可。
本发明经典鸡饲料中,添加了鸡矿物质。本发明中鸡矿物质包含:锰96毫克/公斤饲料,锌80毫克/公斤饲料,铜9.6毫克/公斤饲料,铁48毫克/公斤饲料,碘2毫克/公斤饲料,硒0.3毫克/公斤饲料,钴0.6毫克/公斤饲料。矿物质调节鸡体内渗透压,保持体液酸碱平衡,保持鸡的正常生理活动。本发明中,以经典鸡饲料重量份计,鸡矿物质的添加量为0.1-0.15份,优选为0.125份。本发明对鸡矿物质的来源没有特殊限定,采用市售产品即可。
本发明经典鸡饲料中,添加了酶制剂。本发明中,以经典鸡饲料重量份计,酶制剂的添加量为0.1-0.2份,优选为0.15份。本发明对酶制剂的来源没有特殊限定,采用市售产品即可。本发明中酶制剂优选包含:β木聚糖酶2000U/g每公斤饲料,蛋白酶4000U/g每公斤饲料,α-淀粉酶200U/g每公斤饲料。酶制剂能够提高饲料利用效率,消除饲料中的抗营养因子,提高鸡的生产性能,减少疾病的发生。
本发明经典鸡饲料中,添加了鸡多维。本发明中鸡多维中各种维生素的含量应符合鸡的营养需求量,以经典鸡饲料重量份计,鸡多维的添加量为0.02-0.03份,优选为0.025份。本发明对鸡多维的来源没有特殊限定,采用市售产品即可。
本发明经典鸡饲料中,添加了黄腐酸。黄腐酸含有多种酶类,如淀粉酶、蛋白酶、纤维素酶,可有效促进畜禽的消化代谢。可提高雏鸡的生长发育速度,改善整齐度,提高雏鸡特异性免疫与非特异性免疫能力。本发明中,以经典鸡饲料重量份计,黄腐酸的添加量为0.05-0.15份,优选为0.1份。本发明对黄腐酸的来源没有特殊限定,采用市售产品即可。
本发明经典鸡饲料中,添加了植物精油。本发明中,植物精油含辣椒素、桉树精油、香芹酚、肉桂醛。植物精油添加畜禽饲粮中可以显著促进生长,改善畜禽产品品质,减少抗生素添加剂,起到预防疾病等功能。本发明中,以经典鸡饲料重量份计,植物精油的添加量为0.01-0.02份,优选为0.015份。本发明对植物精油的来源没有特殊限定,采用市售产品即可。
本发明经典鸡饲料中,添加了复合酸化剂。本发明中,以经典鸡饲料重量份计,复合酸化剂的添加量为0.15份。本发明对复合酸化剂的来源没有特殊限定,采用市售产品即可。复合酸化剂优选包含磷酸0.15克每公斤饲料,含乳酸0.09克每公斤饲料,含苯甲酸0.225克每公斤饲料,含柠檬酸0.375克每公斤饲料。复合酸化剂是将几种单一酸化剂按一定的比例复合而成的。复合酸化剂能够调控胃肠道微生物菌群平衡;降低胃肠道pH值,提高消化酶活性;直接参与体内代谢,促进营养物质的吸收;具有抗应激作用和提高动物机体免疫力。不同的酸化剂之间往往具有协同作用,复合酸化剂的预防疾病效果更好。
本发明提供了一种经典鸡饲料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将所述赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、氯化钠、50%氯化胆碱、鸡矿物质、酶制剂、鸡多维、黄腐酸、植物精油、复合酸化剂,用载体预混做成预混料;
(2)将所述预混料与部分花生油以及剩余组分进行混合,用高热蒸汽在75-85℃的温度下,调质120-150秒,将调制好的物料制粒;
(3)在制粒后的物料外表面喷剩余的花生油,得到所述经典鸡饲料。
本发明经典鸡饲料的制备方法中,所述载体优选为0.6%沸石粉。本发明对预混的方式没有特殊限定,可以采用本领域中的已知预混方式制备预混料。在本发明具体实施例中,预混生产采用双轴桨叶式混合机,搅拌时间优选的为120-150秒,保证混合均度变异系数小于5%,确保各种微量添加剂搅拌均匀。
本发明经典鸡饲料的制备方法中,优选混合原料投入混合机进行混合,混合时间优选为150-180秒,可以保证混合机的变异系数在7%以下,确保各原料混合搅拌均匀。
本发明中,混合物料的调质温度优选为78-82℃,调质时间优选为130-140秒。本发明的调质需要调质搅龙和保质器共同完成。传统的饲料调质只有调制搅龙,饲料在里面的调质时间只有30-40秒,无法达到糊化效果。本发明通过搅龙和保质器经120-150秒的调质后,饲料的淀粉可以得到充分的糊化(糊化率60%以上),更有利于鸡的消化吸收,同时可以杀灭饲料里面的有害细菌,更有利于鸡的肠道健康。
本发明经典鸡饲料的制备方法中,将调制好的物料制粒,把粉状的饲料压制成颗粒状,更有利于鸡的采食,减少浪费和环境中的细菌污染。制粒方式采用本领域中的常规方式即可,如制粒机。
本发明经典鸡饲料的制备方法中,所述制粒根据鸡的日龄阶段颗粒大小不同,0-30日龄制成3.5mm直径颗粒后再破碎,31-60日龄制成2.8mm直径颗粒,颗粒长度50-100mm,61-90日龄制成3.5mm直径颗粒,颗粒长度80-120mm,91-125日龄制成3.8mm直径颗粒,颗粒长度80-120mm。
本发明经典鸡饲料的制备方法中,制粒后进行冷却过筛,筛的规格可选的为8-10目,筛掉饲料中的粉尘;过筛后进行外喷花生油,配方花生油含量较多,外喷更有利于制粒颗粒的结实度,较少粉化率。
本发明通过配方加调质工艺改革,达到比传统的玉米豆粕配方加传统工艺更好的改善经典鸡风味的效果。
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白,下面结合实施例对本发明进行详细的说明,但是不能把它们理解为对本发明保护范围的限定。
实施例1
一种经典鸡饲料,包括以下重量份的原料:玉米粒30份,小麦20份,花生麸10份,豆粕5份,玉米蛋白粉2份,花生油3份,石粉1份,磷酸氢钙0.5份,谷氨酸渣1份,沸石粉0.3份,赖氨酸0.3份,蛋氨酸0.1份,氯化钠0.2份,50%氯化胆碱0.1份,鸡矿物质0.1份,酶制剂0.1份,鸡多维0.02份,黄腐酸0.05份,植物精油0.01份,复合酸化剂0.15份。
所述鸡矿物质包含:锰96毫克/公斤饲料,锌80毫克/公斤饲料,铜9.6毫克/公斤饲料,铁48毫克/公斤饲料,碘2毫克/公斤饲料,硒0.3毫克/公斤饲料,钴0.6毫克/公斤饲料。
所述酶制剂包含:β木聚糖酶2000U/g每公斤饲料,蛋白酶4000U/g每公斤饲料,α-淀粉酶200U/g每公斤饲料。
所述玉米粉碎粒度直径为0.25mm;所述小麦粉碎粒度直径为0.4mm。
所述植物精油含辣椒素、桉树精油、香芹酚、肉桂醛。
所述复合酸化剂包含:磷酸0.15克每公斤饲料,含乳酸0.09克每公斤饲料,含苯甲酸0.225克每公斤饲料,含柠檬酸0.375克每公斤饲料。
所述经典鸡饲料制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)称取赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、氯化钠、50%氯化胆碱、鸡矿物质、酶制剂、鸡多维、黄腐酸、植物精油、复合酸化剂,用0.6%沸石粉预混做成预混料,采用双轴桨叶式混合机,搅拌120秒;
(2)将所述预混料与部分花生油以及剩余组分进行混合,投入混合机进行混合150秒;用高热蒸汽在75℃的温度下,采用调质搅龙和保质器共同调质120秒,将调制好的物料制成3.5mm直径颗粒后再破碎,作为0-30日龄鸡饲料;
(3)制粒后进行冷却过筛,筛的规格为8目,筛掉饲料中的粉尘;过筛后在物料外表面喷剩余的花生油,得到所述经典鸡饲料。
实施例2
一种经典鸡饲料,包括以下重量份的原料:玉米粒40份,小麦30份,花生麸15份,豆粕8份,玉米蛋白粉3份,花生油4份,石粉1.5份,磷酸氢钙0.8份,谷氨酸渣1.5份,沸石粉0.4份,赖氨酸0.4份,蛋氨酸0.15份,氯化钠0.25份,50%氯化胆碱0.125份,鸡矿物质0.125份,酶制剂0.15份,鸡多维0.025份,黄腐酸0.1份,植物精油0.015份,复合酸化剂0.15份。
所述鸡矿物质包含:锰96毫克/公斤饲料,锌80毫克/公斤饲料,铜9.6毫克/公斤饲料,铁48毫克/公斤饲料,碘2毫克/公斤饲料,硒0.3毫克/公斤饲料,钴0.6毫克/公斤饲料。
所述酶制剂包含:β木聚糖酶2000U/g每公斤饲料,蛋白酶4000U/g每公斤饲料,α-淀粉酶200U/g每公斤饲料。
所述玉米粉碎粒度直径为0.28mm;所述小麦粉碎粒度直径为0.45mm。
所述植物精油含辣椒素、桉树精油、香芹酚、肉桂醛。
所述复合酸化剂包含:磷酸0.15克每公斤饲料,含乳酸0.09克每公斤饲料,含苯甲酸0.225克每公斤饲料,含柠檬酸0.375克每公斤饲料。
所述经典鸡饲料制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)称取赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、氯化钠、50%氯化胆碱、鸡矿物质、酶制剂、鸡多维、黄腐酸、植物精油、复合酸化剂,用0.6%沸石粉预混做成预混料,采用双轴桨叶式混合机,搅拌135秒;
(2)将所述预混料与部分花生油以及剩余组分进行混合,投入混合机进行混合165秒;用高热蒸汽在80℃的温度下,采用调质搅龙和保质器共同调质135秒,将调制好的物料制成2.8mm直径颗粒,颗粒长度50-100mm,作为31-60日龄鸡饲料;
(3)制粒后进行冷却过筛,筛的规格为9目,筛掉饲料中的粉尘;过筛后在物料外表面喷剩余的花生油,得到所述经典鸡饲料。
实施例3
一种经典鸡饲料,包括以下重量份的原料:玉米粒50份,小麦40份,花生麸20份,豆粕10份,玉米蛋白粉4份,花生油5份,石粉2份,磷酸氢钙1份,谷氨酸渣2份,沸石粉0.5份,赖氨酸0.5份,蛋氨酸0.2份,氯化钠0.3份,50%氯化胆碱0.15份,鸡矿物质0.15份,酶制剂0.2份,鸡多维0.03份,黄腐酸0.15份,植物精油0.02份,复合酸化剂0.15份。
所述鸡矿物质包含:锰96毫克/公斤饲料,锌80毫克/公斤饲料,铜9.6毫克/公斤饲料,铁48毫克/公斤饲料,碘2毫克/公斤饲料,硒0.3毫克/公斤饲料,钴0.6毫克/公斤饲料。
所述酶制剂包含:β木聚糖酶2000U/g每公斤饲料,蛋白酶4000U/g每公斤饲料,α-淀粉酶200U/g每公斤饲料。
所述玉米粉碎粒度直径为0.3mm;所述小麦粉碎粒度直径为0.5mm。
所述植物精油含辣椒素、桉树精油、香芹酚、肉桂醛。
所述复合酸化剂包含:磷酸0.15克每公斤饲料,含乳酸0.09克每公斤饲料,含苯甲酸0.225克每公斤饲料,含柠檬酸0.375克每公斤饲料。
所述鸡无抗饲料制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)称取赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、氯化钠、50%氯化胆碱、鸡矿物质、酶制剂、鸡多维、黄腐酸、植物精油、复合酸化剂,用0.6%沸石粉预混做成预混料,采用双轴桨叶式混合机,搅拌150秒;
(2)将所述预混料与部分花生油以及剩余组分进行混合,投入混合机进行混合180秒;用高热蒸汽在85℃的温度下,采用调质搅龙和保质器共同调质150秒,将调制好的物料制成3.5mm直径颗粒,颗粒长度80-120mm,作为61-90日龄鸡饲料;
(3)制粒后进行冷却过筛,筛的规格为10目,筛掉饲料中的粉尘;过筛后在物料外表面喷剩余的花生油,得到所述经典鸡饲料。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种经典鸡饲料,其特征在于,包括以下重量份的原料:玉米粒30-50份,小麦20-40份,花生麸10-20份,豆粕5-10份,玉米蛋白粉2-4份,花生油3-5份,石粉1-2份,磷酸氢钙0.5-1份,谷氨酸渣1-2份,沸石粉0.3-0.5份,赖氨酸0.3-0.5份,蛋氨酸0.1-0.2份,氯化钠0.2-0.3份,50%氯化胆碱0.1-0.15份,鸡矿物质0.1-0.15份,酶制剂0.1-0.2份,鸡多维0.02-0.03份,黄腐酸0.05-0.15份,植物精油0.01-0.02份,复合酸化剂0.15份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种经典鸡饲料,其特征在于,所述鸡矿物质包含:锰96毫克/公斤饲料,锌80毫克/公斤饲料,铜9.6毫克/公斤饲料,铁48毫克/公斤饲料,碘2毫克/公斤饲料,硒0.3毫克/公斤饲料,钴0.6毫克/公斤饲料。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种经典鸡饲料,其特征在于,所述酶制剂包含:β木聚糖酶2000U/g每公斤饲料,蛋白酶4000U/g每公斤饲料,α-淀粉酶200U/g每公斤饲料。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种经典鸡饲料,其特征在于,所述玉米粉碎粒度直径为0.25-0.3mm;所述小麦粉碎粒度直径为0.4-0.5mm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种经典鸡饲料,其特征在于,所述植物精油含辣椒素、桉树精油、香芹酚、肉桂醛。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种经典鸡饲料,其特征在于,所述复合酸化剂包含:磷酸0.15克每公斤饲料,乳酸0.09克每公斤饲料,苯甲酸0.225克每公斤饲料,柠檬酸0.375克每公斤饲料。
7.一种如权利要求1-6任意一项所述经典鸡饲料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)将所述赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、氯化钠、50%氯化胆碱、鸡矿物质、酶制剂、鸡多维、黄腐酸、植物精油、复合酸化剂,用载体预混做成预混料;
(2)将所述预混料与部分花生油以及剩余组分进行混合,用高热蒸汽在75-85℃的温度下,调质120-150秒,将调制好的物料制粒;
(3)在制粒后的物料外表面喷剩余的花生油,得到所述经典鸡饲料。
8.根据权利要求7所述的饲料制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)中的载体为0.6%沸石粉。
9.根据权利要求7所述的饲料制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(2)中调质需要调质搅龙和保质器共同完成。
10.根据权利要求7所述的饲料制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(3)中制粒根据鸡的日龄阶段颗粒大小不同,0-30日龄制成3.5mm直径颗粒后再破碎,31-60日龄制成2.8mm直径颗粒,颗粒长度50-100mm,61-90日龄制成3.5mm直径颗粒,颗粒长度80-120mm,91-125日龄制成3.8mm直径颗粒,颗粒长度80-120mm。
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