CN112834859A - A device and method for simulating parameter variation of components of a metering device - Google Patents
A device and method for simulating parameter variation of components of a metering device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A metering device component parameter variation simulation device and method comprises a core CPU processing unit, a relay matrix module, a resistance conversion module, a capacitance conversion module and a storage control unit, wherein the relay matrix module, the resistance conversion module, the capacitance conversion module and the storage control unit are respectively connected with the core CPU processing unit, the relay matrix module is connected with a metering chip port line and used for controlling a reset pin, a power supply port line and SPI communication of the metering chip; the resistance conversion module is connected with a sampling resistor, a series resistor and a grounding resistor in the metering loop; the capacitance conversion module is connected with a decoupling capacitor and a filter capacitor in the metering loop and controls and changes related capacitance parameters; the storage control unit is connected with the metering device storage chip FLASH and FARM. The invention can simulate the electricity stealing mode of the metering loop of the metering device at the component level, has strong functions, is simple and convenient to operate, effectively reproduces and researches various high-tech electricity stealing modes on site, and has good application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power systems, and relates to a device and a method for simulating component parameter change of a metering device.
Background
With the rapid development of economy, the power consumption of enterprises is continuously increased, and in order to reduce cost and improve benefits, some enterprises adopt illegal means to steal electricity, and steal electricity cases are continuously generated and gradually spread.
Due to the wide application of electricity stealing prevention products and the enhancement of the management of electricity stealing prevention of a power supply department, traditional electricity stealing users frequently become striking objects, more and more electricity stealing molecules adopt more concealed high-tech electricity stealing to escape the inspection of the electricity stealing prevention of the power supply department, for example, the electricity stealing is carried out by changing meter hardware parameters, and the means is more intelligent.
At present, the anti-electricity-stealing means lags behind the continuously emerging novel electricity-stealing mode, and aiming at the phenomenon, a set of device and method for simulating the novel electricity-stealing mode needs to be researched and developed, so that the device and method can be used for carrying out electricity-stealing training on-site electricity-stealing inspectors, and can be used as an anti-electricity-stealing research and analysis platform to carry out deep research on electricity stealing.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a device and a method for simulating the parameter change of components of a metering device, which are used for simulating and researching typical and high-tech electricity stealing modes.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a device for simulating parameter variation of a component of a metering device comprises: a core CPU processing unit, a relay matrix module, a resistance conversion module, a capacitance conversion module and a storage control unit,
the relay matrix module, the resistance conversion module, the capacitance conversion module and the storage control unit are respectively connected with the core CPU processing unit,
the relay matrix module is connected with a metering chip port line of a metering device component,
the resistance conversion module is connected with a sampling resistor, a series resistor and a grounding resistor in a metering loop of a metering device component,
the capacitance conversion module is connected with a decoupling capacitor and a filter capacitor in a metering loop of a metering device component,
and the storage control unit is connected with the storage chips FLSAH and FRAM in the metering device components.
The core CPU processing unit is an ARM processor and receives a device change instruction sent by an upper computer in an Ethernet mode,
the device variation instruction includes: the analog metering chip is abnormal in metering, the metering loop is abnormal in resistance parameter, the metering loop is abnormal in capacitance parameter and the meter storage chip is abnormal,
the core CPU processing unit respectively sends the corresponding commands of relay switching, resistance value control and capacitance value control to the relay matrix module, the resistance conversion module and the capacitance conversion module,
the relay matrix module is a matrix mode synthesized by connecting a plurality of relay switches, is connected with a metering chip port line, and is used for performing abnormal electricity stealing simulation on the metering chip;
the resistance conversion module integrates a resistor and an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube, is connected with the resistor of each node in the metering loop and is used for carrying out electricity stealing simulation on abnormal resistance parameter values;
the capacitance conversion module integrates a decoupling capacitor, a filter capacitor and a diode, is connected with the capacitor of each node in the metering loop, and is used for carrying out electricity stealing simulation on the abnormal capacitance parameter value;
the memory control unit is connected with a memory chip of the meter, and performs abnormal electricity stealing simulation on the memory by controlling a clock of the memory chip and reading high and low levels of a write-in port line.
The metering device component parameter variation simulation device further comprises a circuit synchronization mapping module which is used for synchronizing the changed component parameters in the metering loop to the test point circuit board in real time, and strong electricity is not connected into the test point circuit board.
The circuit synchronous mapping module comprises a metering chip unit, a resistance unit, a capacitance unit and a storage chip unit.
The metering chip unit comprises a metering chip;
the resistance unit comprises a voltage sampling resistor and a current sampling resistor;
the capacitance unit comprises a coupling capacitor and a filter capacitor;
the memory chip unit includes a memory chip.
After the relay matrix module responds to the instruction of the core CPU processing unit, a power supply pin, an SPI communication port line and a chip reset port line of a metering chip are controlled, so that the metering of the metering chip is abnormal, a circuit synchronous mapping module maps the high and low levels of the pin and the on-off of the port line to the metering chip unit in a test point in real time, the on-off of a test route is tested through an on-off gear of a universal meter, and the waveform of a chip data interface is checked through an oscilloscope;
after responding to the instruction of the core CPU processing unit, the resistance conversion module makes corresponding parameter change to the sampling resistance in the metering loop, so that voltage and current signals input to the metering chip are changed, and electricity stealing simulation of abnormal resistance parameter values is performed;
after the capacitance conversion module responds to the instruction of the core CPU processing unit, corresponding parameter change is carried out on a decoupling capacitor and a filter capacitor in a metering loop, a circuit synchronous mapping module maps a capacitance value to a capacitance unit in a test point in real time, and a capacitance measuring tool is used for measuring the capacitance value;
after the storage control unit responds to the instruction of the core CPU processing unit, corresponding parameter changes are made on the FLASH and FARM clocks and the read-write port lines of the storage chips, and the circuit synchronization mapping module synchronizes the FLASH and FARM states to the storage chip units in the test point in real time to perform state measurement of the specific storage chips.
The metering device component parameter variation simulation device also comprises a metering calibration unit, wherein the metering calibration unit is used for carrying out timing calibration on a metering loop, and a standard source module is contained in the unit;
the metering calibration unit sends a meter calibration parameter zero returning command to the metering device, and the meter calibration parameter zero returning command enables metering to be restored to a pre-calibration state through reading and writing operation of the register on the metering chip;
controlling a standard source module in a metering calibration unit to output specified parameters, controlling the voltage U to be 220V, I to be 1.5A and the power factor to be 1, waiting for the power module to output stable, reading the active power of a metering device and the active power of a standard source, and calibrating a first section of power gain coefficient;
controlling a standard source module in the metering calibration unit to output specified parameters, controlling the voltage U to be 220V, I to be 0.075A and the power factor to be 1, waiting for the power module to output stably, reading the active power of the metering device and the active power of the standard source, and calibrating the power gain coefficient of the second section;
controlling a standard source module in a metering calibration unit to output specified parameters, controlling voltage U to be 220V, I to be 0.075A and power factor to be 0.5, waiting for the power module to output stably, reading active power of a metering device and active power of a standard source, and performing first-stage, second-stage and third-stage phase calibration;
and controlling the output parameters of the standard source module to calibrate the voltage and current coefficients.
The metering device component parameter variation simulation device establishes a control system according to the working logic of each module,
the control system is divided into 3-level menus, and the first-level menu is a system main interface; the second-level menu is selected by a manufacturer of a metering mode and a scheme, and the metering mode can be selected from single-phase, three-phase three-wire and three-phase four-wire; the three-level menu is a control unit corresponding to each submodule of the device and is divided into a metering chip unit, a resistance unit, a capacitance unit and a storage chip unit.
The device parameter variation simulation device of the metering device also comprises a device abnormal electricity stealing model database module which is used for establishing an electricity stealing model database describing metering abnormality according to the variation characteristics of the metering parameter voltage, current, power factor and the like caused by various device abnormalities and according to the function P equal to UIcos theta and each corresponding time point of the metering abnormality,
the parameter P is active power, the parameter U is a voltage effective value, the parameter I is a current effective value, the parameter theta is an included angle of voltage and current, and the cos theta is a power factor.
A simulation method of a metering device component parameter variation simulation device comprises the following steps:
step S101, establishing a power stealing model database for describing the abnormity of the components through a function P (UIcos theta) according to the change characteristics of voltage, current and power factors caused by the change of the components;
wherein, the parameter P is active power, and the unit is kW; the parameter U is an effective voltage value and has the unit of kV; the parameter I is a current effective value and has a unit of A; the parameter theta is the included angle of the voltage and the current, and cos theta is a power factor;
step S102, a core CPU processing unit receives and analyzes a device change instruction issued by a console command, calls an instruction corresponding to a power stealing parameter from a power stealing model database, and respectively sends the instruction to a corresponding module to perform specific metering abnormity simulation;
step S103, the relay matrix module operates a reset pin, a power supply port line and SPI communication of the metering chip through actions of a relay matrix related to a relay according to an instruction sent by the core CPU processing unit, and abnormal electricity stealing simulation of the metering chip is completed;
step S104, the resistance conversion module makes voltage and current signals input to a metering chip change by adjusting the resistance values of a sampling resistor, a series resistor and a grounding resistor in a metering loop according to an instruction sent by a core CPU processing unit, and conducts electricity stealing simulation of a resistor component;
step S105, the capacitance conversion module conducts electricity stealing simulation on the capacitance component by adjusting parameter values of a decoupling capacitor and a filter capacitor in the metering loop according to an instruction sent by the core CPU processing unit;
step S106, the memory control unit carries out abnormal electricity stealing simulation on the memory chip by changing the clock frequency of the memory chip and the parameter values of the read-write port line according to the instruction sent by the core CPU processing unit;
the SPI is a serial peripheral interface.
In the step S102, the core CPU processing unit is connected to a front-end processor in the upper computer in an ethernet manner and deployed in the same lan, the core CPU processing unit sets a fixed IP address and a port as a server mode to wait for connection of the front-end processor, a user operates the metering chip parameter, the metering loop resistance parameter, the metering loop capacitance parameter, and the meter memory chip parameter through a web page, and issues the parameters to the core CPU processing unit through the front-end processor, and the processing unit converts the parameters into an instruction recognizable by a module in the device by calling a power stealing model database.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the parameter change simulation method for the metering device component provided by the invention can be applied to the electric power department to carry out deep-level electric larceny mode training on electric larceny prevention inspectors, is close to field work from the practical service, and enhances the electric power department electric larceny prevention capability level. The device and the method provided by the invention process and analyze data by establishing a mathematical model of the influence of various components on metering and adopting an ARM high-performance chip, and carry out analog simulation of abnormal metering caused by component change on resident users, three-phase three-wire users and three-phase four-wire users. The electricity stealing cases found in the field can be simulated and reproduced on the device by using a method, and experimental basis is provided for field evidence collection and confirmation.
According to the device for simulating the parameter change of the components of the metering device, provided by the invention, part of circuits of a metering loop can be analyzed and researched aiming at typical loops of different mainstream meter manufacturers, the device adopts a modular design mode, and is provided with circuit board iteration and replacement interfaces, so that the device can be used for carrying out deep research aiming at a novel metering scheme in the follow-up process, and has great expandability.
The invention can simulate various components on the spot to change the electricity stealing mode, and the electric power department can increase the level and the strength of electricity stealing prevention by the invention, thereby having good application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for simulating parameter variation of a component of a metering device;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for simulating parameter variations of components of a metering device;
FIG. 3 is a circuit synchronization mapping module component;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a metrology calibration unit calibrating a metrology loop;
FIG. 5 is a control system composition interface.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The embodiments described herein are only some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive step on the basis of the spirit of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for simulating parameter variation of a component of a metering device, and as shown in the figure, the device comprises: the device comprises a core CPU processing unit, a relay matrix module, a resistance conversion module, a capacitance conversion module and a storage control unit;
the core CPU processing unit 1 is a high-performance ARM and receives a device change instruction of an upper computer in an Ethernet mode, and the device change instruction comprises: the analog metering chip is abnormal in metering, the metering loop is abnormal in resistance parameter, the metering loop is abnormal in capacitance parameter, and the meter storage chip is abnormal, and the CPU processing unit sends corresponding instructions to the relay matrix module 2, the resistance conversion module 3, the capacitance conversion module 4 and the storage control unit 5 respectively.
The relay matrix module 2 is a matrix mode synthesized by connecting a plurality of relay switches, is connected with a metering chip port line, and is used for carrying out abnormal electricity stealing simulation of the metering chip according to the instruction of the core CPU processing unit 1.
The resistance conversion module 3 integrates resistors with various resistance values and MOS tubes, is connected with the resistors of various nodes in the metering loop, and is used for carrying out electricity stealing simulation of abnormal resistance parameter values according to instructions of the core CPU processing unit 1.
The capacitance conversion module 4 is integrally provided with various capacitors and diodes; and the power stealing simulation device is connected with the capacitor of each node in the metering loop and is used for carrying out power stealing simulation of the abnormal capacitance parameter value according to the instruction of the core CPU processing unit 1.
The memory control unit 5 is connected with a memory chip of the meter, and is used for simulating abnormal electricity stealing of the memory according to the instruction of the core CPU processing unit 1 by controlling the clock of the memory chip and reading the high and low levels of a write-in port line.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides a method for simulating the parameter change of the components of the metering device, which can be applied to the simulation device, and is specifically shown in fig. 2:
step S101, establishing a power stealing model database for describing the abnormity of the components through a function P (UIcos theta) according to the change characteristics of voltage, current and power factors caused by the change of the components; wherein the parameter P is active power and has a unit of kW; the parameter U is an effective voltage value and has the unit of kV; the parameter I is a current effective value and has a unit of A; the parameter theta is the included angle of the voltage and the current, and cos theta is the power factor.
From the basic metering principle and power (P ═ UIcos θ) of the electric energy meter, whether the electric energy meter can be metered correctly depends on the correctness of voltage, current, power factor, installation and wiring, and if any one condition is broken, the metering abnormality of the electric energy meter is caused. Under the condition that the power supply voltage and the load are stable, when the parameter of one component in the electric energy meter changes, the voltage signal or the current signal measured by the measuring loop changes correspondingly. Therefore, a power stealing model database for describing the parameter variation of the components can be established by combining the variation characteristics of voltage, current and power factor caused by the parameter variation of each component through the function of P (UIcos theta).
The electricity stealing model database can be newly added, deleted and modified according to the actual requirements according to continuous analysis and research.
And S102, a core CPU (central processing unit) receives device change parameters set by an upper computer, specifically, the core CPU is connected with a front-end processor in the upper computer in an Ethernet mode and deployed in the same local area network, and the CPU sets a fixed IP (Internet protocol) address and a fixed port as a server mode to wait for the connection of the front-end processor. The user operates the parameters of the metering chip, the resistance parameters of the metering loop, the capacitance parameters of the metering loop and the parameters of the meter memory chip through the webpage, the parameters are issued to the CPU through the front-end processor, and the processing unit converts various parameters into commands which can be recognized by the modules in the device by calling the electricity stealing model database.
And step S103, operating related port lines and parameters of the metering chip by the relay matrix module through actions of related relays of the relay matrix according to instructions sent by the core CPU processing unit.
And step S104, the resistance conversion module completes the abnormal electricity stealing simulation of the resistance parameters by adjusting the resistance values of the relevant resistors in the metering loop according to the instruction sent by the core CPU processing unit.
And step S105, the capacitance conversion module completes the capacitance parameter abnormal electricity stealing simulation by adjusting the size of the relevant capacitance in the metering loop according to the instruction sent by the core CPU processing unit.
And step S106, the memory control unit completes the abnormal electricity stealing simulation of the memory chip by changing the clock frequency and the read-write port line of the memory chip according to the instruction sent by the core CPU processing unit.
The device also comprises a circuit synchronization mapping module which is used for synchronizing the changed parameters of the components in the metering loop to the test point circuit board in real time, strong electricity is not accessed in the test point circuit board, and the accuracy and the safety of the measurement of the components are ensured.
As shown in fig. 3, the circuit synchronous mapping module is a component of the circuit synchronous mapping module, after the relay matrix module responds to the instruction, the power supply pin, the SPI communication port line and the chip reset port line of the metering chip are controlled, so that the metering chip is abnormal in metering, the circuit synchronous mapping module maps the high and low levels of the pin and the on-off of the port line to the metering chip area in the test point in real time, the on-off of the test route is tested through the on-off gear of the multimeter, and the waveform of the chip data interface is;
after the resistance conversion module responds to the instruction, corresponding parameter changes are made on a voltage sampling resistor, a current sampling resistor, a series resistor and a grounding resistor in the metering loop, the circuit synchronous mapping module maps the resistance value to a resistor area in the test point in real time, the resistance value is measured through a universal meter, and the size of an input current signal is checked through a current clamp;
after the capacitance conversion module responds to the instruction, corresponding parameter changes are carried out on a decoupling capacitor and a filter capacitor in the metering loop, the circuit synchronous mapping module maps the capacitance value to a capacitance area in the test point in real time, and a capacitance measuring tool is used for measuring the capacitance value;
after the storage control unit responds to the instruction, corresponding parameter changes are made on the FLASH and FARM clocks and the read-write port lines of the storage chips, and the circuit synchronization mapping module synchronizes the FLASH and FARM states to the storage chip area in the test point in real time to carry out state measurement on the specific storage chip.
The device also comprises a metering calibration unit, after the parameters of the components are continuously modified, the metering precision of the metering loop can be greatly influenced, so that the metering is inaccurate, the metering calibration unit is used for carrying out timing calibration on the metering loop, and the unit internally comprises a standard source module, so that the metering precision of the device before simulation is ensured.
Specifically, the flow of calibrating the metering loop by the metering calibration unit is as shown in fig. 4, the metering calibration unit sends a zero-returning command of the calibration parameter to the metering device, and the corresponding command can operate the metering chip through reading and writing of the register, so that the metering is restored to the pre-calibration state.
And controlling a standard source module in the metering calibration unit to output specified parameters, controlling the voltage U to be 220V, I to be 1.5A and the power factor to be 1, waiting for the power module to output stably, reading the active power of the metering device and the active power of the standard source, and calibrating the power gain coefficient of the first section.
And controlling a standard source module in the metering calibration unit to output specified parameters, controlling the voltage U to be 220V, I to be 0.075A, and obtaining a power factor of 1, waiting for the power module to output stably, reading the active power of the metering device and the active power of the standard source, and calibrating the power gain coefficient of the second section.
And controlling a standard source module in the metering calibration unit to output specified parameters, controlling the voltage U to be 220V, I to be 0.075A and the power factor to be 0.5L, waiting for the power module to output stably, reading the active power of the metering device and the active power of the standard source, and performing first-stage, second-stage and third-stage phase calibration.
And finally, controlling the output parameters of the standard source module to calibrate the voltage and current coefficients.
The device for simulating the component parameter change of the metering device provided by the invention develops a corresponding control system according to the working logic of each module and the established component electricity stealing model database, and realizes specific control based on the electricity stealing model database.
The control system composition interface is shown in fig. 5, and is divided into 3-level menus in total, and the one-level menu is a system main interface; the second-level menu is selected by a metering mode and a scheme manufacturer, the metering mode can be selected from single-phase, three-phase three-wire and three-phase four-wire, and the scheme manufacturer can select the metering loop schemes adopted by different manufacturers; the three-level menu is a control unit corresponding to each submodule of the device and is divided into a metering chip unit, a resistance unit, a capacitance unit and a storage chip unit;
finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is to be covered by the claims.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114779065A (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2022-07-22 | 福建鑫博亿电力科技有限公司 | A high-precision sampling method for low-voltage circuit breakers |
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