CN112829339A

CN112829339A - Integral curing device and forming process for rib composite material structure

Info

Publication number: CN112829339A
Application number: CN202110008832.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 乔浩峰; 孙瑞妮; 谢昌江
Original assignee: Cotex China Composite Materials Co ltd
Current assignee: Cotex China Composite Materials Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-01-05
Filing date: 2021-01-05
Publication date: 2021-05-25

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of composite material structure forming, in particular to an integral curing device and a forming process for a rib composite material structure, wherein the rib composite material structure comprises a rib body and ribs, the integral curing device comprises a rib body paving convex die and an integral curing concave die, the rib body paving convex die is used for prepreg paving of the rib body, the integral curing concave die is provided with a forming cavity for accommodating the rib body paving convex die after paving, the bottom wall of the forming cavity is provided with a groove for accommodating reinforcing ribs, the invention adopts a rib forming combined die to ensure that the laminating area of the rib body is uniformly pressed, meanwhile, the groove is formed in the rib forming female die, so that the relative positions of the ribs are not deviated, the ribs are accurately positioned, and the problems that the profile of the rib body of the ribbed part is out of tolerance, the ribs are positioned and deviated, resin on the surface of the rib body is unevenly distributed and the like are solved.

Description

Integral curing device and forming process for rib composite material structure

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of composite material structure forming, in particular to an integral curing device and a forming process for a rib composite material structure.

Background

At present, the composite material is applied to commercial aviation airplanes in a large scale, and the overall structure weight of the airplane is greatly reduced by utilizing the advantages of high specific strength, high specific stiffness, designability and the like of the advanced composite material; the structural design of the composite material of the commercial aircraft tends to an integral forming structure more and more, the integral strength and the rigidity of parts are improved, and meanwhile, the number of fasteners and joints is reduced, so that a large amount of assembly time is saved, and the aim of greatly reducing the manufacturing cost is fulfilled;

various aircraft part manufacturing suppliers at home and abroad convert single skin, beam, rib, stringer, reinforcing rib, honeycomb, foam and other parts into honeycomb-skin integral forming, skin-stringer integral forming, rib-beam integral forming and rib-rib integral forming, and whether the parts with the integral reinforcing structure can be developed or not becomes comprehensive hard practice of various part manufacturing suppliers at home and abroad to a certain extent. The composite material ribbed structure consists of composite material ribs and a composite material rib body, and has relatively high rigidity, so that the composite material ribbed structure is widely used as main/secondary bearing parts, such as a composite material wing box section, an empennage box section and the like.

A large-size composite material part with a rib and a unidirectional belt represents the highest level of the existing composite material rib, the whole structure has high strength, good rigidity, less connection and light weight, but the forming process is complex, the problem of glue joint is not only considered, but also a series of product requirements such as the thickness of part forming, resin distribution, rib positioning and the like are ensured

The problems existing in the prior art are as follows: the profile of the rib body of the ribbed part is out of tolerance, the rib positioning offset, the uneven resin distribution on the surface of the rib body and the like, so that the research and design of a mature and reliable tool suitable for continuous batch production is particularly necessary.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problem of poor product quality of ribbed parts in the prior art, the invention provides an integral curing device and a forming process of a ribbed composite material structure with good product quality.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

the utility model provides a whole solidification equipment of muscle rib combined material structure, muscle rib combined material structure include rib body and rib, whole solidification equipment include that the rib body spreads and pastes terrace die and whole solidification die, the prepreg that the terrace die is used for the rib body is spread to the rib body is spread and is spread the layer, whole solidification die on be equipped with and be used for holding the shaping chamber that spreads the terrace die of spreading the layer rib body that finishes, shaping chamber diapire on be equipped with the recess that is used for holding the strengthening rib.

Furthermore, the rib body paving convex die is provided with a first part net size marking line, and the integral curing concave die is provided with a second part net size marking line at a corresponding position.

Furthermore, first part net size mark line and second part net size mark line all recessed the setting, first part net size mark line and second part net size mark line recessed size be 0.08 ~ 0.12 mm. In the invention, the concave size of the first part net size marking line and the concave size of the second part net size marking line are 0.1 mm.

Furthermore, a paving allowance line is further arranged on the rib body paving convex die, and the distance of the paving allowance line exceeding the net size marking line of the first part is 20-25 mm.

Furthermore, the rib cross section be T shape, the rib include that perpendicular portion and horizontal portion recess are including the deep trouth that is used for holding the perpendicular portion of rib and with the horizontal portion shape assorted shallow slot of rib, the lateral wall of deep trouth leave the gap that is used for holding the silt and glue between the perpendicular portion of rib, the shallow slot diapire be equipped with the ring channel, the ring channel in be equipped with the silicon rubber area.

Furthermore, the rib body paving convex die is provided with a thickness control cushion block for paving thickness positioning and positioning when the rib body paving convex die is placed into the integral curing female die. The thickness control cushion block has the positioning function when being laid and attached and also has the positioning function when being placed into the female die, because the net size marking line of the first part on the male die cannot be seen after the prepreg is laid and attached, and the placing direction of the male die is determined by taking the thickness control cushion block as a reference edge.

Further, the material of the rib body paving male die is A3 structural steel, and the material of the rib body paving male die is Invar alloy steel.

Furthermore, flanges are arranged on two sides of the rib body, and the angle between the side wall of the rib body paving male die and the side wall of the integral curing female die is 1.15-1.55 degrees offset outwards compared with the design angle of the rib body. The turn-ups of rib body both sides generally have the trend of inside resilience after the shaping, outwards adjust certain angle like this, set up the resilience surplus in advance equivalently, guarantee product quality.

A molding process of the integral curing device for the rib composite material structure comprises the following steps:

s1: laying a prepreg: cutting the prepreg according to the paving allowance line, finishing prepreg paving operation on the rib body paving convex die, and aligning the edge of the prepreg to the paving allowance line during paving to obtain a paving stack of the rib body;

s2: rib positioning: placing the milled rib part in the opposite direction in a groove of an integral curing female die, and placing a silicon rubber belt into an annular groove;

s4: combining a mold: overturning the rib body paving male die which finishes prepreg paving and vacuum compaction, and putting the rib body paving male die into an integral curing female die which finishes rib positioning to form a combined die;

s5: and (3) vacuum packaging: packaging the assembled combined die surface by using an isolation film material, and protecting the upper surface and the lower surface by adopting a breathable layer to make a bag;

s6: integral co-bonding and curing: putting the combined die obtained after vacuum packaging into autoclave molding equipment for curing, and setting temperature, pressure and vacuum curves according to material and process requirements;

s7: demolding: and (4) completing the combined die after solidification, cooling to room temperature, then carrying out removable vacuum packaging, paving the demolding threads on the back of the male die with the rib body to carry out combined die separation operation, and finally taking out the ribbed part from the groove of the integral solidification female die.

Further, in S1, the prepreg layup operation is to lay down the part material sheets layer by layer, and the lay-down allowance line is 20mm beyond the net-size marking line of the first part.

Has the advantages that:

(1) the rib forming combined die ensures that the laminated area of the rib body is uniformly pressed, and meanwhile, the rib forming female die is provided with the groove so that the relative position of the ribs is not deviated, the ribs are accurately positioned, and the problems of the existing rib adding part, such as the out-of-tolerance of the profile of the rib body, the positioning deviation of the ribs, the uneven resin distribution on the surface of the rib body and the like are solved;

(2) according to the invention, the net size marking line of the first part and the net size marking line of the second part are arranged, so that the contour lines of the product can be formed together when the parts are formed, and the subsequent cutting is facilitated;

(3) a gap for containing silt is reserved between the side wall of the deep groove and the vertical part of the rib, an annular groove is formed in the bottom wall of the shallow groove, and a silicon rubber belt is arranged in the annular groove, so that on one hand, the silicon rubber belt forms sealing between the rib and the deep groove, resin is prevented from overflowing into the deep groove through the silicon rubber belt, on the other hand, the convenience is provided, when the silt is inevitably generated, the silt can penetrate through the silicon rubber belt and enter into the deep groove, namely, the deep groove provides an overflow space for the silt;

(4) the thickness control cushion block has the function of positioning when being placed into the female die except for positioning thickness during laying and pasting, and the placing direction of the male die is determined by taking the thickness control cushion block as a reference edge because the net size marking line of the first part on the male die cannot be seen after the prepreg is laid and pasted;

(5) the turn-ups of rib body both sides generally have the trend of inside resilience after the shaping, set up the resilience surplus in advance, guarantee product quality.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is an isometric view of a ribbed composite structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a view of the construction of the rib body lay-on male die of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an integral curing die of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a view of the male die for laying the rib body after the prepreg sheet is laid;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a groove.

The rib structure comprises a rib composite material structure 1, a rib body 11, a rib body 111, a flanging 12, ribs 121, a transverse portion 122, a vertical portion 2, a rib body paving male die 21, a first part net size marking line 3, an integral curing female die 31, a groove 311, a deep groove 312, a shallow groove 313, an annular groove 32, a second part net size marking line 4 and a thickness control cushion block.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the orientation words such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc. are usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and in the case of not making a reverse description, these orientation words do not indicate and imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore, should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention; the terms "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the respective component itself.

Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to define the components, and are only used for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meanings unless otherwise stated, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited.

If fig. 1 ~ 5, a whole solidification equipment of muscle rib combined material structure, the muscle rib combined material structure 1 of this patent belongs to aviation secondary structure level, muscle rib combined material structure 1 includes rib body 11 and rib 12, whole solidification equipment includes that rib body lays terrace die 2 and whole solidification die 3, the prepreg layer that rib body laid terrace die 2 be used for rib body 11 is spread, be equipped with on the whole solidification die 3 and be used for holding the shaping chamber of spreading the rib body that finishes and laying up terrace die 2, be equipped with the recess 31 that is used for holding the strengthening rib on the shaping chamber diapire.

The rib body paving convex die 2 is provided with a first part net size marking line 21, and the integral curing concave die 3 is provided with a second part net size marking line 32 at a corresponding position. The first part net size marking line and the second part net size marking line are used for marking the final size of the rib and rib composite material structural part, and the formed semi-finished product is convenient to cut.

The first part net size marking line 21 and the second part net size marking line 32 are both arranged in a concave mode, and the concave size of the first part net size marking line 21 and the concave size of the second part net size marking line 32 are 0.08-0.12 mm.

And the rib body paving convex die 2 is also provided with a paving allowance line, the paving allowance line can be directly drawn on the rib body paving convex die 2, and the distance of the paving allowance line exceeding the first part net size marking line 21 marking line is 20-25 mm. When the paving material is paved, the edge of the paving material sheet is controlled by the paving allowance line, and the total thickness of the paving material sheet is controlled by the thickness control cushion block.

The cross section of rib 12 is T shape, rib 12 includes that vertical portion 12 and horizontal portion 121 recess 31 are including being used for holding deep trouth 311 of vertical portion 122 of rib 12 and with the horizontal portion 121 shape assorted shallow slot 312 of rib 12, leave the gap that is used for holding the silt glue between the lateral wall of deep trouth 311 and the vertical portion 122 of rib 12, and in fact, the length of vertical portion 122 and the length of deep trouth 311 are matchd, and the width of straight portion 122 is less than the width of deep trouth 311, and shallow slot 312 diapire is equipped with ring channel 313, is equipped with the silicon rubber area in the ring channel 313. One side of the rib body, which is paved with the prepreg, on the convex die is tightly attached to the bottom wall of the forming cavity in the forming process, the rib body is made of resin and fibers, in the forming process, the resin and the fibers are subjected to chemical reaction, and redundant resin possibly overflows to form silt glue.

The rib body paving convex die 2 is provided with a thickness control cushion block 4 for paving thickness positioning and positioning when the rib body paving convex die 2 is placed into the integral curing concave die 3.

The material of the rib body paving convex die 2 is A3 structural steel, and the material of the rib body paving convex die 2 is Invar alloy steel.

The two sides of the rib body 11 are provided with flanges 111, and the angle between the side wall of the rib body paving male die 2 and the side wall of the integral curing female die 3 is 1.15-1.55 degrees outwards deviated from the designed angle of the rib body 11.

s1: laying a prepreg: cutting the prepreg according to the paving allowance line, finishing prepreg paving operation on the rib body paving convex die 2, and aligning the edge of the prepreg to the paving allowance line during paving to obtain a paving stack of the rib body 11;

s2: the ribs 12 are positioned: placing the rib 12 parts subjected to net size milling in the opposite direction into the groove 31 of the integral curing female die 3, and placing the silicon rubber belt into the annular groove 313;

s4: combining a mold: overturning the rib body paving male die 2 which finishes prepreg paving and vacuum compaction, and putting the rib body paving male die into the integral curing female die 3 which finishes rib 12 positioning to form a combined die;

s7: demolding: and (3) completing the combined die after solidification, cooling to room temperature, then carrying out removable vacuum packaging, paving the demolding threads on the back surface of the male die 2 by means of the rib body to carry out combined die separation operation, and finally taking out the ribbed part from the groove 31 of the integral solidification female die 3.

In S1, the prepreg paving operation is to pave and paste the part material sheets layer by layer, and the distance of the paving allowance line exceeding the net size marking line 21 of the first part is 20 mm.

The rib body paving male die 2 is used for paving the rib body 11, and the integral curing female die 3 is used for hot-press curing molding of the rib body 11 and co-bonding and positioning of ribs 12; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the rib body paving male die 2 is provided with a thickness control cushion block 4 corresponding to the thickness of the rib body 11, the integral curing female die 3 is provided with an embeddable groove 31 corresponding to the position of the rib 12, and the pre-formed rib 12 is embedded into the groove 31 corresponding to the integral curing female die 3.

After paving and vacuumizing compaction are finished on the paving surface of the rib body paving convex die 2, the rib body paving convex die 2 is overturned and placed into a cavity of the integral curing concave die 3, and then the rib body paving convex die is put into an autoclave for curing and forming after a vacuum bag is manufactured.

The rib body paving convex die 2 is made of A3 structural steel, is additionally molded by adopting an integral numerical control machine, and is subjected to heat treatment to release stress;

the integral curing female die 3 material is made of Invar alloy steel, the raw material is subjected to a hot forging annealing process in advance, then an integral numerical control machine is adopted for addition molding, and the residual stress is released through secondary heat treatment.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical scope of the present invention and the equivalent alternatives or modifications according to the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The integral curing device for the rib composite material structure is characterized in that the rib composite material structure (1) comprises a rib body (11) and ribs (12), the integral curing device comprises a rib body paving convex die (2) and an integral curing concave die (3), the rib body paving convex die (2) is used for prepreg paving of the rib body (11), a forming cavity used for containing the rib body paving convex die (2) after paving is arranged on the integral curing concave die (3), and a groove (31) used for containing reinforcing ribs is formed in the bottom wall of the forming cavity.

2. The integral curing device for a rib-and-rib composite material structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the rib body paving male die (2) is provided with a first part net size marking line (21), and the corresponding position of the integral curing female die (3) is provided with a second part net size marking line (32).

3. An integral curing apparatus for a rib-and-rib composite structure as claimed in claim 2, wherein: first part net size mark line (21) and second part net size mark line (32) all sunken setting, first part net size mark line (21) and second part net size mark line (32) sunken size be 0.08 ~ 0.12 mm.

4. An integral curing apparatus for a rib-and-rib composite structure as claimed in claim 2, wherein: and a paving allowance line is also arranged on the rib body paving convex die (2), and the distance of the paving allowance line exceeding the net size marking line (21) of the first part is 20-25 mm.

5. The integral curing device for a rib-and-rib composite material structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cross section of the rib (12) is T-shaped, the rib (12) comprises a vertical part (12) and a transverse part (121), the groove (31) comprises a deep groove (311) used for accommodating the vertical part (122) of the rib (12) and a shallow groove (312) matched with the transverse part (121) of the rib (12) in shape, a gap used for accommodating silt is reserved between the side wall of the deep groove (311) and the vertical part (122) of the rib (12), an annular groove (313) is formed in the bottom wall of the shallow groove (312), and a silicon rubber belt is arranged in the annular groove (313).

6. The integral curing device for a rib-and-rib composite material structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the rib body paving convex die (2) is provided with a thickness control cushion block (4) for paving thickness positioning and positioning when the rib body paving convex die (2) is placed into the integral curing concave die (3).

7. The integral curing device for a rib-and-rib composite material structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the material of the rib body paving male die (2) is A3 structural steel, and the material of the rib body paving male die (2) is Invar alloy steel.

8. The integral curing device for a rib-and-rib composite material structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the rib body (11) both sides have turn-ups (111), the rib body side wall of tiling terrace die (2) and the lateral wall angle of whole solidification die (3) than rib body (11) design angle outwards squint 1.15 ~ 1.55 degree.

9. A forming process of an integral curing device of a rib composite material structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the forming process comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

s1: laying a prepreg: cutting the prepreg according to the paving allowance line, finishing prepreg paving operation on the rib body paving convex die (2), and aligning the edge of the prepreg to the paving allowance line during paving to obtain a paving stack of the rib body (11);

s2: rib (12) positioning: placing the rib (12) parts subjected to net size milling in the reverse direction into a groove (31) of the integral curing female die (3), and placing a silicon rubber belt into the annular groove (313);

s4: combining a mold: overturning the rib body paving male die (2) which finishes prepreg paving and vacuum compaction, and putting the rib body paving male die into the integral curing female die (3) which finishes rib (12) positioning to form a combined die;

s6: integral co-bonding and curing: putting the combined die obtained after vacuum packaging into autoclave molding equipment for curing;

s7: demolding: and (3) completing the combined die after solidification, cooling to room temperature, then removing vacuum packaging, paving the demolding threads on the back of the male die (2) by means of the rib body to perform combined die separation operation, and finally taking out the ribbed part from the groove (31) of the integral solidification female die (3).

10. The forming process of the integral curing device for the rib-rib composite material structure as claimed in claim 9, wherein: and in S1, the prepreg paving operation is to pave and paste the part material sheets layer by layer, and the distance of the paving allowance line exceeding the net size marking line (21) of the first part is 20 mm.