CN112803458B - A current sharing control method for solar station and parallel inverter power supply - Google Patents
A current sharing control method for solar station and parallel inverter power supply Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
- H02J3/322—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means the battery being on-board an electric or hybrid vehicle, e.g. vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G], power aggregation, use of the battery for network load balancing, coordinated or cooperative battery charging
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/50—Charging stations characterised by energy-storage or power-generation means
- B60L53/51—Photovoltaic means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
- B60L53/67—Controlling two or more charging stations
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- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
- H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
- H02J2310/48—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
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- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Power Engineering (AREA)
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- Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种分布式能源供电控制方法，尤其涉及一种太阳能车站及并联逆变电源均流控制方法。The invention relates to a distributed energy supply control method, in particular to a current equalization control method for a solar station and a parallel inverter power supply.
背景技术Background technique
太阳能光伏发电技术在如今已经被广泛利用，随着能源问题的加剧，太阳能光伏发电的优势正日益明显。太阳能车站的数量也随着城市发展而越来越多。Solar photovoltaic power generation technology has been widely used today. With the intensification of energy problems, the advantages of solar photovoltaic power generation are becoming increasingly obvious. The number of solar stations is also increasing with the development of the city.
当太阳能车站在白天进行光伏发电时，大部分的光伏发电量都被车站本身用电消耗，但仍有一部分电量没有被使用。此时如果将这一小部分电能联网输送给电网，尽管能充分利用太阳能光伏板发出的电能，但同时会引起很多负面作用，例如联网成本增加、电网电能质量波动等。如果忽略这部分多余电能，则会降低能源利用效率，造成浪费。因此，采用蓄电池储能将这部分多余的电能储存起来就显得非常重要。When the solar station performs photovoltaic power generation during the day, most of the photovoltaic power generation is consumed by the station itself, but some power is still not used. At this time, if this small portion of electric energy is networked and transmitted to the grid, although the electric energy generated by solar photovoltaic panels can be fully utilized, it will cause many negative effects at the same time, such as increased networking costs and fluctuations in grid power quality. If this part of excess electric energy is ignored, energy utilization efficiency will be reduced and waste will be caused. Therefore, it is very important to use battery energy storage to store this part of excess electric energy.
在太阳能光伏板发电后，产生的直流电能够直接储存进多个并联使用的储能电池。但当需要使用这些储能电池中的电能时，则需要采用逆变桥，通过逆变电路将直流电转换成交流电供给车站或者用户使用。当多个逆变电源并联使用时，由于各个逆变电源参数之间存在差异，各个逆变电源输出电压电流的不平衡，会导致在电路中产生环流，环流的存在会使得电源输出电能质量下降，电能利用率降低，影响负载使用寿命。After the solar photovoltaic panels generate electricity, the generated direct current can be directly stored in multiple parallel-connected energy storage batteries. However, when it is necessary to use the electric energy in these energy storage batteries, an inverter bridge is required to convert direct current into alternating current through an inverter circuit for use by stations or users. When multiple inverters are used in parallel, due to the differences between the parameters of each inverter, the imbalance of the output voltage and current of each inverter will cause a circulating current in the circuit, and the existence of the circulating current will reduce the quality of the output power of the power supply. , The utilization rate of electric energy is reduced, which affects the service life of the load.
发明内容Contents of the invention
发明目的：针对以上问题，本发明提出一种太阳能车站及并联逆变电源均流控制方法，能够很好地抑制并联电路中的环流，提高并联逆变电源系统的输出电压、输出电流的稳定，使得输出三相电压、三相电流能够保持幅值、相位的稳定平衡，保证电能质量。Purpose of the invention: In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a current sharing control method for a solar station and a parallel inverter power supply, which can well suppress the circulating current in the parallel circuit and improve the stability of the output voltage and output current of the parallel inverter power supply system. The output three-phase voltage and three-phase current can maintain the stable balance of amplitude and phase, and ensure the power quality.
技术方案：本发明所采用的技术方案是一种太阳能车站，包括太阳能光伏板、蓄电池储能系统、逆变电源控制系统、手机充电桩和显示屏，太阳能光伏板与手机充电桩和蓄电池储能系统相连，太阳能光伏板发电直接供给所述手机充电桩使用，剩余电能转送到所述蓄电池储能系统中，蓄电池储能系统通过逆变电源控制系统进行并联均流后为手机充电桩和显示屏供电，所述逆变电源控制系统包括至少两个并联的逆变电源，将其中一个逆变电源作为主控制，其余逆变电源作为从控制；所述通过逆变电源控制系统进行并联均流是指以逆变电源的输出电压的反馈控制作为控制电路外环，以逆变电源的输出电流的反馈控制作为控制电路内环，通过电压电流双环控制对单个逆变电源输出进行一次调节；同时将主控制中逆变电源的输出电压和参考电压经电压调制后的信号作为从控制的逆变电源控制电路内环的输入信号，对多个逆变电源组成的系统的输出进行二次调节；从控制中省去了控制电路外环。Technical solution: The technical solution adopted in the present invention is a solar station, including solar photovoltaic panels, battery energy storage systems, inverter power supply control systems, mobile phone charging piles and display screens, solar photovoltaic panels, mobile phone charging piles and battery energy storage The system is connected, the solar photovoltaic panel generates electricity directly to the mobile phone charging pile, and the remaining electric energy is transferred to the battery energy storage system, and the battery energy storage system performs parallel current sharing through the inverter power supply control system to charge the mobile phone charging pile and display screen power supply, the inverter power supply control system includes at least two parallel inverter power supplies, one of the inverter power supplies is used as the master control, and the remaining inverter power supplies are used as slave controls; the parallel current sharing through the inverter power supply control system is Refers to the feedback control of the output voltage of the inverter power supply as the outer loop of the control circuit, and the feedback control of the output current of the inverter power supply as the inner loop of the control circuit, and the output of a single inverter power supply is adjusted once through the voltage and current double-loop control; at the same time, the In the main control, the output voltage of the inverter power supply and the reference voltage after voltage modulation are used as the input signal of the inner loop of the inverter power supply control circuit of the slave control, and the output of the system composed of multiple inverter power supplies is adjusted twice; The outer loop of the control circuit is omitted in the control.
控制电路外环反馈控制的开环传递函数为：The open-loop transfer function of the outer loop feedback control of the control circuit is:
其中Tv为控制电路外环采样时间常数，Kv为电压环的比例系数，Tev为控制电路外环参考时间常数，C为LC滤波电路电容值。Among them, T v is the sampling time constant of the outer loop of the control circuit, K v is the proportional coefficient of the voltage loop, T ev is the reference time constant of the outer loop of the control circuit, and C is the capacitance value of the LC filter circuit.
控制电路内环反馈控制的开环传递函数为：The open-loop transfer function of the inner-loop feedback control of the control circuit is:
其中Ts为控制电路内环采样和反馈的时间常数，KPWM是桥路PWM的等效增益；Ts是开关变换器的惯性常数，τi为LC滤波电路电感与电压外环电阻的比值，Kip为电流环比例系数和积分系数的乘积，R为内环电路电阻。Among them, T s is the time constant of the inner loop sampling and feedback of the control circuit, K PWM is the equivalent gain of the bridge PWM; T s is the inertia constant of the switching converter, τ i is the ratio of the inductance of the LC filter circuit to the voltage outer loop resistance , K ip is the product of current loop proportional coefficient and integral coefficient, R is the inner loop circuit resistance.
所述太阳能车站还包括水槽，所述水槽包括上方水槽和下方水槽，上方水槽与太阳能光伏板相连，安装于太阳能光伏板上方，用于清洁太阳能光伏板表面灰尘及颗粒物；下方水槽设于车站顶棚边沿，两侧开口，用于排水。The solar station also includes a water tank. The water tank includes an upper water tank and a lower water tank. The upper water tank is connected to the solar photovoltaic panel and installed above the solar photovoltaic panel for cleaning dust and particles on the surface of the solar photovoltaic panel; the lower water tank is arranged on the roof of the station Rims, open on both sides for drainage.
所述显示屏采用LED显示屏，用于显示蓄电池储能系统中剩余电能百分比。The display screen adopts an LED display screen, which is used to display the percentage of remaining electric energy in the battery energy storage system.
所述手机充电桩设于车站的立柱上，所述蓄电池储能系统以及所述逆变电源控制系统安装于车站下方地下。The mobile phone charging pile is installed on the column of the station, and the battery energy storage system and the inverter power control system are installed underground under the station.
相应的，本发明提出一种并联逆变电源均流控制方法，包括以下步骤：Correspondingly, the present invention proposes a current sharing control method for parallel inverter power supplies, including the following steps:
S1：以逆变电源的输出电压的反馈控制作为控制电路外环，以逆变电源的输出电流的反馈控制作为控制电路内环；将其中一个逆变电源作为主控制，其余逆变电源为从控制；S1: Take the feedback control of the output voltage of the inverter as the outer loop of the control circuit, and take the feedback control of the output current of the inverter as the inner loop of the control circuit; use one of the inverters as the master control, and the other inverters as slaves control;
S2：通过参考电压和采样电压作为主控制中的控制电路外环的输入，经过电压调节器反馈控制得到信号；S2: The reference voltage and sampling voltage are used as the input of the outer loop of the control circuit in the main control, and the signal is obtained through the feedback control of the voltage regulator;
S3：从控制中省去控制电路外环，将步骤S2中得到的信号作为从控制中控制电路内环的参考电流输入，与从控制中采样电流经电流调节器进行反馈控制，得到调制波；S3: Omit the outer loop of the control circuit from the control, use the signal obtained in step S2 as the reference current input of the inner loop of the control circuit from the control, and conduct feedback control with the sampled current from the control through the current regulator to obtain a modulated wave;
S4：再将得到的调制波与载波相加并转换为PWM信号得到驱动波，用来驱动逆变电源，实现均流作用；S4: Add the obtained modulation wave to the carrier wave and convert it into a PWM signal to obtain the driving wave, which is used to drive the inverter power supply to achieve current sharing;
其中，采样电压为主控制中逆变电源的输出电压，采样电流为从控制中逆变电源的输出电流。Among them, the sampling voltage is the output voltage of the inverter power supply in the main control, and the sampling current is the output current of the inverter power supply in the slave control.
控制电路外环反馈控制的开环传递函数为：The open-loop transfer function of the outer loop feedback control of the control circuit is:
其中Tv为控制电路外环采样时间常数，Kv为电压环的比例系数，Tev为控制电路外环参考时间常数，C为LC滤波电路电容值。Among them, T v is the sampling time constant of the outer loop of the control circuit, K v is the proportional coefficient of the voltage loop, T ev is the reference time constant of the outer loop of the control circuit, and C is the capacitance value of the LC filter circuit.
控制电路内环反馈控制的开环传递函数为：The open-loop transfer function of the inner-loop feedback control of the control circuit is:
其中Ts为控制电路内环采样和反馈的时间常数，KPWM是桥路PWM的等效增益；Ts是开关变换器的惯性常数，τi为LC滤波电路电感与电压外环电阻的比值，Kip为电流环比例系数和积分系数的乘积，R为内环电路电阻。Among them, T s is the time constant of the inner loop sampling and feedback of the control circuit, K PWM is the equivalent gain of the bridge PWM; T s is the inertia constant of the switching converter, τ i is the ratio of the inductance of the LC filter circuit to the voltage outer loop resistance , K ip is the product of current loop proportional coefficient and integral coefficient, R is the inner loop circuit resistance.
在输入采样电压和采样电流前，先对采样电压和采样电流进行克拉克变换，将三相下坐标轴下的信号转换成两相静止坐标轴下的信号；同样的，预先设置的参考电压也需要经过克拉克变换后再输入到电压控制环中。在最终生成驱动波驱动逆变桥前，需要再将两相静止坐标轴下的信号，重新转换成三相坐标轴下信号。Before inputting the sampling voltage and sampling current, the sampling voltage and sampling current are firstly subjected to Clarke transformation, and the signal under the three-phase lower coordinate axis is converted into the signal under the two-phase stationary coordinate axis; similarly, the preset reference voltage also needs After the Clarke transformation, it is input into the voltage control loop. Before finally generating the driving wave to drive the inverter bridge, the signals under the two-phase stationary coordinate axis need to be reconverted into signals under the three-phase coordinate axis.
有益效果：相比于现有技术，本发明具有以下优点：(1)太阳能车站通过储能系统存储太阳能光伏板的剩余电能，一方面避免了该部分电能上网时带来的电压电流的波动，另一方面也减少了电能浪费。(2)太阳能车站设有显示屏和手机充电桩，充分利用太阳能光伏板为车站提供电力。(3)本发明采用基于主从控制思想的电压电流双环控制策略的逆变电源控制系统，同时，电流内环还起到加快动态相响应的作用，使得系统的动态响应更加的快速。能够有效的抑制消除多个储能电池并联使用时系统中存在的环流，实现并联均流目标，改善电能质量，维持输出电压稳定，保证用电设备安全稳定运行。Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: (1) The solar station stores the remaining electric energy of the solar photovoltaic panels through the energy storage system, on the one hand, it avoids the voltage and current fluctuations brought about by this part of electric energy when it is connected to the grid, On the other hand, it also reduces the waste of electric energy. (2) Solar stations are equipped with display screens and mobile phone charging piles, making full use of solar photovoltaic panels to provide electricity for the stations. (3) The present invention adopts the inverter power supply control system based on the master-slave control idea of the voltage and current double-loop control strategy. At the same time, the current inner loop also plays a role in accelerating the dynamic phase response, making the dynamic response of the system faster. It can effectively suppress and eliminate the circulating current in the system when multiple energy storage batteries are used in parallel, achieve the goal of parallel current sharing, improve power quality, maintain stable output voltage, and ensure safe and stable operation of electrical equipment.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明所述的并联逆变电源均流控制方法的流程示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the parallel inverter power supply current sharing control method according to the present invention;
图2是本发明所述的逆变电源控制系统中的主从控制电路框图；Fig. 2 is a master-slave control circuit block diagram in the inverter power supply control system of the present invention;
图3是本发明所述的太阳能车站模块图；Fig. 3 is a module diagram of the solar station of the present invention;
图4是本发明所述的太阳能车站的结构示意图。Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the solar station according to the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明的技术方案作进一步的说明。The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
本发明所述的太阳能车站模块图如图3所示，包括太阳能光伏板、蓄电池储能系统、逆变电源控制系统、手机充电桩和LED显示屏。太阳能光伏板与手机充电桩和蓄电池储能系统相连，太阳能光伏板发电后，大部分电能经DC/AC变换器转换后，直接供给所述手机充电桩使用，剩下部分电能转送到所述蓄电池储能系统中。蓄电池储能系统通过逆变电源控制系统为手机充电桩和LED显示屏供电，用于存储多余的电能，提高能源的利用率，保障用户用电需求得到满足。当手机充电桩和所述LED显示屏需要使用蓄电池储能系统中的电能时，电能从蓄电池储能系统发出，经逆变电源控制系统进行并联均流后供给给所述手机充电桩和所述LED显示屏使用。The solar station module diagram of the present invention is shown in Figure 3, including solar photovoltaic panels, battery energy storage systems, inverter power control systems, mobile phone charging piles and LED display screens. The solar photovoltaic panel is connected to the mobile phone charging pile and the battery energy storage system. After the solar photovoltaic panel generates electricity, most of the electric energy is converted by the DC/AC converter and directly supplied to the mobile phone charging pile, and the remaining part of the electric energy is transferred to the battery. in the energy storage system. The battery energy storage system supplies power to mobile phone charging piles and LED display screens through the inverter power control system to store excess electric energy, improve energy utilization, and ensure that users' electricity needs are met. When the mobile phone charging pile and the LED display need to use the electric energy in the battery energy storage system, the electric energy is sent from the battery energy storage system, and then supplied to the mobile phone charging pile and the LED display is used.
逆变电源控制系统通常包括逆变器和滤波器，通过逆变器将蓄电池储能系统发出的直流电转换成交流电后经滤波供给负载使用。本发明所述的逆变电源控制系统中至少包括两个并联的逆变电源，但当多个并联使用的储能电池中存储的直流电经过逆变电路转化成交流电供给用户使用时，由于电路参数不平衡而导致的系统中环流存在，会引起系统输出电压和输出电流幅值和相位不平衡的问题。为了解决上述问题，本发明提出了一种基于主从控制思想的电压电流双环控制的逆变电源并联均流控制策略，来应用于太阳能车站及其储能系统。通过使用该方案能够很好地使得并联电路中的环流抑制并联电路中的环流，提高并联逆变电源系统的输出电压、输出电流的稳定，使得输出三相电压、三相电流能够保持幅值、相位的稳定平衡，保证电能质量。其中/>为电路中环流，为各个逆变电源系统各自的输出电流，n为整个系统中单个逆变电源的个数。The inverter power control system usually includes an inverter and a filter. The inverter converts the DC power generated by the battery energy storage system into AC power and supplies it to the load after filtering. The inverter power supply control system of the present invention includes at least two parallel inverter power supplies. The existence of circulating current in the system caused by unbalance will cause the problem of unbalanced output voltage and output current amplitude and phase of the system. In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a parallel current-sharing control strategy of inverter power supplies based on the master-slave control idea of voltage and current double-loop control, which is applied to solar stations and their energy storage systems. By using this scheme, the circulating current in the parallel circuit can be well Suppress the circulating current in the parallel circuit, improve the stability of the output voltage and output current of the parallel inverter power supply system, so that the output three-phase voltage and three-phase current can maintain the stable balance of amplitude and phase, and ensure the power quality. where /> is the circulating current in the circuit, is the respective output current of each inverter power supply system, and n is the number of single inverter power supplies in the whole system.
逆变电源控制系统主要采用基于主从控制思想的电压电流双环控制策略。通过电压电流双环控制可以对单个逆变电源输出电压进行一次调节。通过主从控制方案能够对多个逆变电源组成的系统的输出电压进行二次调节。采用主从控制方案可以避免一个逆变电源回路发生故障时导致整体电路瘫痪，同时减小由于各个逆变电源参数不同而造成的误差。采用电压电流双环控制策略，可以使得系统响应速度更快，能够很好的抑制消除环流，实现并联均流目标，改善电能质量，维持输出电压稳定，保证用电设备安全稳定运行。The inverter power supply control system mainly adopts the voltage and current double-loop control strategy based on the idea of master-slave control. The output voltage of a single inverter power supply can be regulated once through the double-loop control of voltage and current. Through the master-slave control scheme, the output voltage of the system composed of multiple inverter power sources can be adjusted twice. Using the master-slave control scheme can avoid the paralysis of the whole circuit when an inverter power supply circuit fails, and at the same time reduce the error caused by the different parameters of each inverter power supply. The voltage and current double-loop control strategy can make the system respond faster, suppress and eliminate the circulating current, achieve the goal of parallel current sharing, improve power quality, maintain stable output voltage, and ensure safe and stable operation of electrical equipment.
图2为所述主从控制电路的结构框图，简化采用一个主机一个从机为例。所述从机的作用只提供均流控制，所述主机相当于电压源，从机相当于电流源。FIG. 2 is a structural block diagram of the master-slave control circuit, and one master and one slave are simplified as an example. The role of the slave is to provide current sharing control, the master is equivalent to a voltage source, and the slave is equivalent to a current source.
整个从机的控制模块与主机的控制模块相比，缺少了输出电压采样部分和设置参考电压部分，取而代之的是两个主机信号。这两个主机信号充当主机电压环的输出值。Compared with the control module of the master, the entire slave control module lacks the output voltage sampling part and the reference voltage setting part, and replaces it with two master signals. These two master signals serve as the output values of the master voltage loop.
将这两个主机信号直接加到从机的电流内环前，充当从机电流内环的输入信号。此时，由于省去了控制回路中的电压外环，所述从机只担当均流控制作用。These two host signals are directly added to the current inner loop of the slave, and act as the input signal of the slave current inner loop. At this time, because the voltage outer loop in the control loop is omitted, the slave only acts as a current sharing control function.
从机电流环的输入参考值为主机发送的信号，这样可以更好地实现主机和从机之间信号的同步，避免了由于两台逆变电源之间数据信号不同步而产生的环流。The input reference value of the current loop of the slave is the signal sent by the master, which can better realize the synchronization of the signals between the master and the slave, and avoid the circulation caused by the out-of-sync data signal between the two inverter power supplies.
在输入采样电压和采样电流前，先对采样电压和采样电流进行克拉克(Clark)变换，通过Clark变换，可以将三相下坐标[a，b，c]轴下的信号转换成两相静止坐标[α，β]轴下的信号。通过克拉克变换，需要的主机信号由三个减少到两个，从而节省了系统空间，提高系统的稳定性。同样的，预先设置的参考电压也需要经过克拉克变换后再输入到电压控制环中。在最终生成驱动波驱动逆变桥前，需要再将两相静止坐标轴下的信号，重新转换成三相坐标轴下信号。Before inputting the sampling voltage and sampling current, the sampling voltage and sampling current are first subjected to Clark transformation. Through Clark transformation, the signals under the three-phase lower coordinate [a, b, c] axis can be converted into two-phase stationary coordinates Signals under the [α, β] axis. Through the Clark transformation, the required host signals are reduced from three to two, thereby saving system space and improving system stability. Similarly, the pre-set reference voltage also needs to be input into the voltage control loop after being transformed by Clarke. Before finally generating the driving wave to drive the inverter bridge, the signals under the two-phase stationary coordinate axis need to be reconverted into signals under the three-phase coordinate axis.
对于超过两个逆变电源的情况，一个逆变电源作为主控制，其余逆变电源均作为从控制，其反馈控制电路与图2中的从控制电路相同，从机电流环的输入参考值为主机发送的信号。For the case of more than two inverter power supplies, one inverter power supply is used as the master control, and the rest of the inverter power supplies are used as slave control. The feedback control circuit is the same as the slave control circuit in Figure 2, and the input reference value of the slave current loop is Signal sent by the host.
如图4所示，是本发明所述的太阳能车站的结构示意图。上方水槽11与太阳能光伏板3相连，安装于太阳能光伏板3上方，用于清洁太阳能光伏板3表面灰尘及颗粒物。下方水槽12设置于车站顶棚的边沿位置，位于太阳能光伏板3的下方，两端设有开口便于排水，保证车站的安全与卫生。LED显示屏2与蓄电池储能系统6相连接，可显示蓄电池储能系统6中剩余电能百分比。太阳能光伏板3安装于车站顶棚上方接收太阳能，用于生产电能。手机充电桩4与蓄电池储能系统6以及太阳能光伏板3相连，用于供给用户用电。逆变电源控制系统5与储能系统相连，用于改善经蓄电池储能系统6发出的电能质量，抑制环流。蓄电池储能系统6安装于地下，用于存储剩余的电能。As shown in Fig. 4, it is a structural schematic diagram of the solar station according to the present invention. The upper water tank 11 is connected with the solar photovoltaic panel 3 and installed above the solar photovoltaic panel 3 for cleaning dust and particles on the surface of the solar photovoltaic panel 3 . The lower water tank 12 is arranged on the edge of the station roof, below the solar photovoltaic panel 3, and openings are provided at both ends to facilitate drainage, so as to ensure the safety and sanitation of the station. The LED display screen 2 is connected with the battery energy storage system 6 and can display the percentage of remaining electric energy in the battery energy storage system 6 . The solar photovoltaic panel 3 is installed above the roof of the station to receive solar energy for producing electric energy. The mobile phone charging pile 4 is connected with the battery energy storage system 6 and the solar photovoltaic panel 3 for supplying electricity to users. The inverter power supply control system 5 is connected with the energy storage system, and is used to improve the quality of electric energy sent by the battery energy storage system 6 and suppress circulation. The battery energy storage system 6 is installed underground for storing surplus electric energy.
图1为所述的并联逆变电源均流控制方法的流程示意图包括以下步骤：FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the current sharing control method for parallel inverter power supplies, including the following steps:
S1：将逆变电源的输出电压的瞬时反馈控制作为电路外环，以逆变电源的输出电流的瞬时反馈作为电路的内环。S1: The instantaneous feedback control of the output voltage of the inverter power supply is used as the outer loop of the circuit, and the instantaneous feedback control of the output current of the inverter power supply is used as the inner loop of the circuit.
S2：通过参考电压VC和采样电压V作为电压外环的输入，经过电压调节器反馈控制处理后得到信号。S2: The reference voltage VC and the sampling voltage V are used as the input of the voltage outer loop, and the signal is obtained after the feedback control processing of the voltage regulator.
S3：将电压调节器输出处的信号作为电流内环的参考电流输入IC，与采样电流I经电流调节器进行反馈控制处理，得到调制波。S3: Input the signal at the output of the voltage regulator as the reference current of the current inner loop to the IC, and conduct feedback control processing with the sampling current I through the current regulator to obtain a modulated wave.
S4：此时得到了想要的电压电流，再将得到的调制波与载波相加并转换为PWM信号得到驱动波，用来驱动逆变器中的逆变桥。S4: At this time, the desired voltage and current are obtained, and then the obtained modulation wave is added to the carrier wave and converted into a PWM signal to obtain a driving wave, which is used to drive the inverter bridge in the inverter.
其中，采样电压为主控制中逆变电源的输出电压，采样电流为从控制中逆变电源的输出电流。Among them, the sampling voltage is the output voltage of the inverter power supply in the main control, and the sampling current is the output current of the inverter power supply in the slave control.
电压外环和电流内环均采用PI控制，电流内环的开环传递函数为：Both the voltage outer loop and the current inner loop adopt PI control, and the open-loop transfer function of the current inner loop is:
其中Ts为电流内环采样和反馈的时间常数，KPWM是桥路PWM的等效增益；Ts是开关变换器的惯性常数，τi为LC滤波电路电感与电压外环电阻的比值，Kip为电流环比例系数和积分系数的乘积，R为内环电路电阻。Among them, T s is the time constant of current inner loop sampling and feedback, K PWM is the equivalent gain of the bridge PWM; T s is the inertia constant of the switching converter, τ i is the ratio of the inductance of the LC filter circuit to the voltage outer loop resistance, K ip is the product of current loop proportional coefficient and integral coefficient, and R is the inner loop circuit resistance.
电压外环的开环传递函数为：The open-loop transfer function of the voltage outer loop is:
其中Tv为电压外环采样时间常数，Kv为电压环的比例系数，Tev为电压外环参考时间常数。C为LC滤波电路中的电容值。Among them, T v is the sampling time constant of the voltage outer loop, K v is the proportional coefficient of the voltage loop, and T ev is the reference time constant of the voltage outer loop. C is the capacitance value in the LC filter circuit.
同时，电流内环还起到加快动态相响应的作用，使得系统的动态响应更加的快速。At the same time, the current inner loop also plays a role in accelerating the dynamic phase response, making the dynamic response of the system faster.
本发明既保证用电设备安全稳定的运行，也避免了当多余电能上网时带来的电网电压的波动。既能充分合理利用能源，也可以保证用电电压电流的稳定平衡。The invention not only ensures the safe and stable operation of the electric equipment, but also avoids the fluctuation of the grid voltage caused when the excess electric energy is connected to the grid. It can not only make full and reasonable use of energy, but also ensure the stable balance of power voltage and current.
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