CN112799094A - Optical system for three-dimensional imaging test - Google Patents
Optical system for three-dimensional imaging test Download PDFInfo
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- CN112799094A CN112799094A CN202011552860.8A CN202011552860A CN112799094A CN 112799094 A CN112799094 A CN 112799094A CN 202011552860 A CN202011552860 A CN 202011552860A CN 112799094 A CN112799094 A CN 112799094A
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- lens
- optical system
- dimensional imaging
- projection module
- imaging test
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S17/89—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
- G01S7/4811—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements common to transmitter and receiver
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- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an optical system for three-dimensional imaging test, which comprises a projection module obliquely arranged above an object to be tested, wherein the projection module comprises a group of light sources, stripe gratings and aperture lenses which are arranged from top to bottom, the surface of the object to be tested and the focal plane of the aperture lenses are arranged in a coplanar manner, the light sources projected by the projection module move left and right on the surface of the object to be tested, and the optical system also comprises a photoelectric detector, wherein the photoelectric detector is positioned right above the focal plane of the aperture lenses and is kept fixed relative to the projection module in the transverse direction. According to the invention, the condition of inaccurate test caused by market center dislocation is reduced by adjusting the consistency of the projection module and the field of view of the photoelectric detector.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of machine vision application, and particularly relates to an optical system for three-dimensional imaging test.
Background
With the improvement of the precision of optical instruments, the development of computer technology and the requirement of online monitoring of production lines, machine vision is more and more widely applied, in particular to a non-contact-based detection technology.
The common non-contact optical three-dimensional measurement methods include: triangulation, interferometry, time of flight (TOF), structured light, etc. The principle of laser line scanning commonly used in machine vision at present is a triangular distance measurement mode, and then the reconstruction of a three-dimensional structure is realized through the movement of an object, but the efficiency of the laser line scanning is not too high due to a line-to-plane working mode. The advantage of direct three-dimensional reconstruction of structured light through a surface is more widely studied. However, the conventional structured light is also based on triangulation, and three-dimensional reconstruction is usually completed by using a binocular structure, so that shadow dead zones appear in regions.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an optical system for three-dimensional imaging test with a coaxial optical path.
The technical purpose is achieved, the technical effect is achieved, and the invention is realized through the following technical scheme:
an optical system for three-dimensional imaging test comprises a projection module, a photoelectric detector and a spectroscope, wherein the projection module is obliquely arranged above an object to be tested; the detection light emitted by the projection module is transmitted in a linear direction to scan the object to be detected, and the reflected light from the scanned object to be detected is reflected again by the spectroscope and then received by the photoelectric detector;
the included angle between the projection module and the vertical direction is theta, the included angle between the spectroscope and the horizontal plane is omega, the included angle between the photoelectric detector and the horizontal plane and phi satisfy the following relations with theta and omega:
Φ=2θ-（90︒+ω）。
as a further improvement of the present invention, the projection module includes a light source, a fringe grating, a first lens and a second lens from top to bottom, the fringe grating, the first lens and the second lens are arranged in parallel, the first lens and the second lens are respectively arranged on two sides of the beam splitter, and the photodetector and the second lens are arranged on the same side.
As a further improvement of the invention, the testing device further comprises a testing platform, and the focal point of the second lens is positioned on the testing platform.
As a further improvement of the invention, the test platform is a moving platform with transverse reciprocating motion.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the fringe grating, the first lens, and the second lens are disposed in parallel in an obliquely upward direction, and a vertical distance between the first lens and the fringe grating is equal to a focal length of the first lens.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the first lens and the second lens are the same lens.
As a further improvement of the invention, the stripe grating comprises parallel slits with equal width and equal spacing, and the minimum width of the lines in the grating is 3 mm.
As a further improvement of the invention, the light source adopts a surface light source.
As a further improvement of the invention, the photoelectric detector is a CMOS camera with a fixed focus or a zoom lens.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the condition of inaccurate test caused by market center dislocation is reduced by adjusting the consistency of the projection module and the field of view of the photoelectric detector.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the optical assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a scan direction during testing;
FIG. 3 is a scanned image of a hemispherical inspection piece scanned in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
wherein: the system comprises a light source 1, a photoelectric detector 2, a stripe grating 3, a first lens 4, a to-be-detected object 5, a second lens 6, a test platform 7 and a spectroscope 8.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The following detailed description of the principles of the invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings.
The coaxial optical system for the three-dimensional imaging test, which is provided by the invention and shown in fig. 1, comprises a projection module, a photoelectric detector 2 and a spectroscope 8, wherein the projection module is obliquely arranged above an object to be measured 5; the detection light emitted by the projection module transmits along a linear direction to scan the object 5 to be detected, and the reflected light from the scanned object 5 to be detected is reflected again by the spectroscope 8 and then received by the photoelectric detector 2.
The included angle between the projection module and the vertical direction is theta, the included angle between the spectroscope 8 and the horizontal plane is omega, and the included angle between the photoelectric detector 2 and the horizontal plane is phi. In order to ensure the coaxiality of the transmission light path and the reflection light path, that is, the scanning information light information obtained by irradiating the object 5 to be measured with the light emitted from the projection module can be completely received by the photoelectric detector 2 in the return stroke of the reflection light path, the phi, the theta and the omega need to satisfy the following relationship: Φ =2 θ -90 ︒ + ω.
The specific structure of the projection module is that the projection module comprises a light source 1, a stripe grating 3, a first lens 4 and a second lens 6 which are arranged from top to bottom, wherein the stripe grating 3, the first lens 4 and the second lens 6 are arranged in parallel, the first lens 4 and the second lens 6 are respectively arranged at two sides of a spectroscope 8, and the photoelectric detector 2 and the second lens 6 are arranged at the same side. When the position obtains a clear image during setting, attention needs to be paid to adjustment to arrange the fringe grating 3, the first lens 4 and the second lens 6 in parallel in an upward inclined direction, and the vertical distance between the first lens 4 and the fringe grating 3 is equal to the focal length of the first lens 4. And the testing platform 7 is further included, and the focal point of the second lens 6 is positioned on the testing platform 7.
In addition, the object 5 to be tested is placed on a test platform 7, and the test platform 7 is a moving platform with transverse reciprocating motion.
As shown in fig. 2, in the testing process, the testing platform 7 is moved laterally left and right, so as to implement the lateral scanning detection of the object 5 to be tested.
Fig. 3 shows a scan pattern obtained by scanning the hemispherical inspection piece of fig. 2. The superposition of the bright stripes has the imaging effect of a focal plane, the dark stripes are separated into the fuzzy stripes of an out-of-focus plane, and the three-dimensional information of the height, namely the three-dimensional point cloud information, can be obtained by capturing the superposed clear bright stripes and combining the optical principle. And then summarizing the obtained three-dimensional point cloud information so as to restore the complete three-dimensional appearance.
In one embodiment of the invention; the first lens 4 and the second lens 6 are the same lens.
The stripe grating 3 comprises parallel slits with equal width and equal distance, and the minimum width of the lines in the grating is 3 mm.
The light source 1 is a surface light source with a transverse scanning movement.
The photoelectric detector 2 is a CMOS camera with a fixed focus or a zoom lens.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. An optical system for three-dimensional imaging test is characterized in that: comprises a projection module, a photoelectric detector (2) and a spectroscope (8) arranged between the projection module and the photoelectric detector, wherein the projection module is obliquely arranged above an object (5) to be detected; the detection light emitted by the projection module is transmitted along a linear direction to scan the object (5) to be detected, and the reflected light of the scanned object (5) to be detected is reflected again by the spectroscope (8) and then received by the photoelectric detector (2);
the included angle between the projection module and the vertical direction is theta, the included angle between the spectroscope (8) and the horizontal plane is omega, the included angle between the photoelectric detector (2) and the horizontal plane and phi satisfy the following relations:
Φ=2θ-（90︒+ω）。
2. the optical system for three-dimensional imaging test according to claim 1, wherein: the projection module comprises a light source (1), a stripe grating (3), a first lens (4) and a second lens (6) which are arranged from top to bottom, the stripe grating (3), the first lens (4) and the second lens (6) are arranged in parallel, the first lens (4) and the second lens (6) are respectively arranged on two sides of a spectroscope (8), and a photoelectric detector (2) and the second lens (6) are arranged on the same side.
3. The optical system for three-dimensional imaging test according to claim 2, wherein: the testing platform (7) is further included, and the focal point of the second lens (6) is located on the testing platform (7).
4. The optical system for three-dimensional imaging test according to claim 4, wherein: the test platform (7) is a moving platform with transverse reciprocating motion.
5. The optical system for three-dimensional imaging test according to claim 2, wherein: the fringe grating (3), the first lens (4) and the second lens (6) are arranged in parallel in an upward inclined direction, and the vertical distance between the first lens (4) and the fringe grating (3) is equal to the focal length of the first lens (4).
6. The optical system for three-dimensional imaging test according to claim 2, wherein: the first lens (4) and the second lens (6) are the same lens.
7. The optical system for three-dimensional imaging test according to claim 2, wherein: the stripe grating (3) comprises parallel slits with equal width and equal distance, and the minimum width of lines in the grating is 3 mm.
8. The optical system for three-dimensional imaging test according to claim 2, wherein: the light source (1) adopts a surface light source.
9. The optical system for three-dimensional imaging test according to claim 1, wherein: the photoelectric detector (2) is a CMOS camera with a fixed focus or a zoom lens.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011552860.8A CN112799094A (en) | 2020-12-24 | 2020-12-24 | Optical system for three-dimensional imaging test |
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| CN202011552860.8A CN112799094A (en) | 2020-12-24 | 2020-12-24 | Optical system for three-dimensional imaging test |
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2020
- 2020-12-24 CN CN202011552860.8A patent/CN112799094A/en active Pending
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