CN112797946A - Non-contact type verticality detection method for tall and large structure - Google Patents
Non-contact type verticality detection method for tall and large structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN112797946A CN112797946A CN202110270311.XA CN202110270311A CN112797946A CN 112797946 A CN112797946 A CN 112797946A CN 202110270311 A CN202110270311 A CN 202110270311A CN 112797946 A CN112797946 A CN 112797946A
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/22—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
Abstract
The invention provides a non-contact type verticality detection method for a tall structure, which is characterized in that at least two observation points and a reference point are arranged beside a target structure; then, a three-dimensional coordinate system is constructed, and the coordinate positions of the two observation points and the reference point are recorded; the prism-free total station is arranged at two observation points to observe the side elevation of the target structure, determine a target point, determine a calculation parameter according to the intersection point of the straight line determined by the target point and the intersection line of the adjacent side elevation, and detect the verticality of the target structure without arranging a measuring instrument cooperation target on the target structure, so that the detection process is simplified, the potential safety hazard existing when the measuring instrument cooperation target is arranged is avoided, the efficiency of the measurement process is high, the accuracy of the measurement result can be ensured, and more geometric information of the target structure can be fed back.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a verticality detection method, in particular to a non-contact type verticality detection method for a tall structure.
Background
Tall structures, such as piers, buildings and the like, must have high perpendicularity in the construction process so as to ensure the stability of the structures.
In the prior art, in order to detect the verticality of the built high and large structure, a measuring instrument cooperation target, such as a total station, needs to be arranged on the target structure, a reflecting prism needs to be arranged on the high and large structure, so that the detection process is complex, the cooperation target is set, the potential safety hazard is serious, and the target structure information fed back by the measuring mode in the prior art is single.
Therefore, in order to solve the above technical problems, it is necessary to provide a new technical means.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a non-contact method for detecting the verticality of a tall structure, which can detect the verticality of a target structure without installing a cooperative target of a measuring instrument on the target structure, thereby simplifying the detection process, avoiding the potential safety hazard existing when the cooperative target of the measuring instrument is installed, ensuring the accuracy of the measurement result, and feeding back more geometric information of the target structure.
The invention provides a non-contact type verticality detection method for a tall structure, which comprises the following steps:
s1, arranging at least two observation points and a reference point beside a target structure;
s2, constructing a three-dimensional coordinate system, and recording coordinate positions of two observation points and a reference point;
s3, arranging prism-free total stations at two observation points, observing the side elevation of the target structure, selecting at least three target points at the top of the visual field of each side elevation of the target structure, selecting at least three target points at each side elevation at the bottom of the visual field of the target structure, enabling the three target points at the top of the visual field of the same side elevation to be on the same straight line, and enabling the three target points at the bottom of the visual field of the same side elevation to be on the same straight line; recording the coordinate values of all the target points;
s4, determining a linear equation of a straight line where the target point of each side vertical face is located, recording intersection point coordinates of a straight line where the target point at the top of the visual field of the adjacent side vertical face is located and an intersection line between the adjacent side vertical face and recording intersection point coordinates of a straight line where the target point at the bottom of the visual field of the adjacent side vertical face is located and an intersection line between the adjacent side vertical face;
s5, two adjacent plates are connectedThe intersection connecting line at the top of the visual field on the intersection line and the intersection connecting line at the bottom of the visual field on the two adjacent intersection lines are recorded, and the midpoint of the connecting lines between the intersections is recorded, wherein the coordinate of the midpoint of the adjacent intersection connecting lines at the top of the visual field is recorded as QSmThe coordinate of the midpoint of the line connecting adjacent intersections at the bottom of the field of view is recorded as QXmWherein m represents the mth side elevation, the side elevation numbers are sequentially marked in a clockwise or anticlockwise direction, and m is 1,2, …, N and N represents the total number of the side elevations of the target structure;
s6, determining a midpoint coordinate QSm+1QS to midpoint coordinatemThe azimuth angle alpha of the connecting line between the two and the set reference direction0；
S7, determining a midpoint coordinate QSmAnd the midpoint coordinate QXmHorizontal distance d betweeni；
S8, determining a midpoint coordinate QXmAnd the midpoint coordinate QXmAzimuth angle alpha of the connecting line and the set reference direction1；
S9, calculating the verticality of the target structure according to the parameters obtained in the step S6-step S8.
Further, in step S9, the verticality of the target structure is calculated according to the following method:
calculating the displacement of the target structure:
Di1＝di×cos(α1±α0)
Di2＝di×sin(α1±α0)
wherein Di1For the displacement of the target structure in the set reference direction, Di2A displacement amount of the target structure in a direction perpendicular to the set reference direction;
calculating the verticality of the target structure:
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the verticality of the target structure can be detected without arranging a measuring instrument cooperation target on the target structure, so that the detection process is simplified, the potential safety hazard existing when the measuring instrument cooperation target is arranged is avoided, the efficiency of the measurement process is high, the accuracy of the measurement result can be ensured, and more geometric information of the target structure can be fed back.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the following figures and examples:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an embodiment in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings of the specification:
in order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, a rectangular parallelepiped pier is described as an example in the following specific examples, and other structures having a polygonal shape may be measured in the following example manner.
The invention provides a non-contact type verticality detection method for a tall structure, which comprises the following steps:
s1, arranging at least two observation points and a reference point beside a target structure; as shown in fig. 1, taking a pier with a rectangular parallelepiped structure as an example, when an observation point and a reference point are set, the observation point needs to be set based on the fact that the reference point can be directly seen; and in FIG. 1, a top view of a cross-section of a target structure;
s2, constructing a three-dimensional coordinate system, and recording coordinate positions of two observation points and a reference point;
s3, arranging prism-free total stations at two observation points, observing the side elevation of the target structure, selecting at least three target points at the top of the visual field of each side elevation of the target structure, selecting at least three target points at each side elevation at the bottom of the visual field of the target structure, andat least three target points at the top of the visual field of the same side vertical surface are on the same straight line, and at least three target points at the bottom of the visual field of the same side vertical surface are on the same straight line; recording the coordinate values of all the target points; in the above, the following steps: the topmost end of the target structure which can be observed by the measuring instrument is called a top of field of view, and the bottommost end of the target structure which can be observed by the measuring instrument is called a bottom of field of view; wherein, on each side elevation, the target point at the top of the visual field is required to be kept at the same height, thereby ensuring that the fitted straight line of each side elevation at the top and bottom of the visual field has an intersection point on the intersection line of the adjacent side elevations, and finally ensuring the accuracy of the measurement resultaverageTaking the side elevation 1 in fig. 1 as an example, if at least three target points at the top of the field of view of the side elevation 1 are not completely on a straight line, fitting is performed through the target points at the top of the field of view of the side elevation, and the determined final straight line needs to reach the average height HaverageThe distance between the determined straight line of the top of the field of view and the base of the target structure is the average height HaverageIs an optimal straight line, i.e. the goodness of fit R of the straight line to the straight line at the set average height2The closer to 1; wherein in fig. 2 the target points are indicated by open circles.
S4, determining a linear equation of a straight line where the target point of each side vertical face is located, recording intersection point coordinates of a straight line where the target point at the top of the visual field of the adjacent side vertical face is located and an intersection line between the adjacent side vertical face and recording intersection point coordinates of a straight line where the target point at the bottom of the visual field of the adjacent side vertical face is located and an intersection line between the adjacent side vertical face;
s5, recording a connecting line of intersection points positioned at the top of the visual field on two adjacent intersecting lines and a connecting line of intersection points positioned at the bottom of the visual field on two adjacent intersecting lines, and recording the middle point of the connecting line between the intersection points, wherein the coordinate of the middle point of the connecting line of the adjacent intersecting points positioned at the top of the visual field is recorded as QSmThe coordinate of the midpoint of the line connecting adjacent intersections at the bottom of the field of view is recorded as QXmWherein m represents the mth side elevation, and the side elevation is marked clockwiseOr sequentially marking in a counterclockwise direction, wherein m is 1,2, …, N and N represents the total number of the side elevation surfaces of the target structure; in the specific example of fig. 1, since a bridge pier having a rectangular parallelepiped structure is taken as an example, its side elevation is 4; as shown in fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the side elevation 1 and the side elevation 2 in fig. 1, FS1, FS2, and FS3 are top of field of view, respectively, an intersection point of a straight line determined by the top of field of view of the side elevation 1 and an intersection line between the side elevation 1 and 4 of a straight line determined by the top of field of view of the side elevation 4, a focal point of a straight line determined by the top of field of view of the side elevation 1 and the side elevation 2, respectively, at the intersection line between the side elevation 1 and the side elevation 2, and an intersection point of an intersection line between the side elevation 2 and the side elevation 3 of a straight line determined by the top of field of view of the side elevation 2 and the side elevation 2, respectively, and similarly, FX1, FX2, and FX3 are intersection points of bottom of field of view, and then a midpoint of a line segment between FS1 and FS2 is QS 5; the midpoint of the line segment between FX1 and FX2 is QX1, and the midpoint of the line segment between FX2 and FX3 is QX 2;
s6, determining a midpoint coordinate QSm+1QS to midpoint coordinatemThe azimuth angle alpha of the connecting line between the two and the set reference direction0(ii) a Based on FIG. 2, the azimuth angle α is the perpendicularity of the side elevation 10The angle between the reference directions is also set for the connection between QS2 and QS1,
s7, determining a midpoint coordinate QSmAnd the midpoint coordinate QXmHorizontal distance d betweeni(ii) a The horizontal distance between QS1 and QX1, relative to side facade 1;
s8, determining a midpoint coordinate QXmAnd the midpoint coordinate QSmAzimuth angle alpha of the connecting line and the set reference direction1(ii) a Relative to the side elevation 1, the included angle between the connecting line between QS1 and QX1 and the set reference direction is; of course, the above parameters of the other side surfaces are determined in the same manner.
S9, calculating the verticality of the target structure according to the parameters obtained in the steps S6-S8, specifically: in step S9, the verticality of the target structure is calculated according to the following method:
calculating the displacement of the target structure:
Di1＝di×cos(α1±α0)
Di2＝di×sin(α1±α0)
wherein Di1For the displacement of the target structure in the set reference direction, Di2A displacement amount of the target structure in a direction perpendicular to the set reference direction;
calculating the verticality of the target structure:
Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A non-contact type verticality detection method for tall structures is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, arranging at least two observation points and a reference point beside a target structure;
s2, constructing a three-dimensional coordinate system, and recording coordinate positions of two observation points and a reference point;
s3, arranging prism-free total stations at two observation points, observing the side elevation of the target structure, selecting at least three target points at the top of the visual field of each side elevation of the target structure, selecting at least three target points at each side elevation at the bottom of the visual field of the target structure, enabling the three target points at the top of the visual field of the same side elevation to be on the same straight line, and enabling the three target points at the bottom of the visual field of the same side elevation to be on the same straight line; recording the coordinate values of all the target points;
s4, determining a linear equation of a straight line where the target point of each side vertical face is located, recording intersection point coordinates of a straight line where the target point at the top of the visual field of the adjacent side vertical face is located and an intersection line between the adjacent side vertical face and recording intersection point coordinates of a straight line where the target point at the bottom of the visual field of the adjacent side vertical face is located and an intersection line between the adjacent side vertical face;
s5, recording a connecting line of intersection points positioned at the top of the visual field on two adjacent intersecting lines and a connecting line of intersection points positioned at the bottom of the visual field on two adjacent intersecting lines, and recording the middle point of the connecting line between the intersection points, wherein the coordinate of the middle point of the connecting line of the adjacent intersecting points positioned at the top of the visual field is recorded as QSmThe coordinate of the midpoint of the line connecting adjacent intersections at the bottom of the field of view is recorded as QXmWherein m represents the mth side elevation, the side elevation numbers are sequentially marked in a clockwise or anticlockwise direction, and m is 1,2, …, N and N represents the total number of the side elevations of the target structure;
s6, determining a midpoint coordinate QSm+1QS to midpoint coordinatemThe azimuth angle alpha of the connecting line between the two and the set reference direction0；
S7, determining a midpoint coordinate QSmAnd the midpoint coordinate QXmHorizontal distance d betweeni；
S8, determining a midpoint coordinate QXmAnd the midpoint coordinate QXmAzimuth angle alpha of the connecting line and the set reference direction1；
S9, calculating the verticality of the target structure according to the parameters obtained in the step S6-step S8.
2. The method for detecting the verticality of a tall structure in a contactless manner according to claim 1, wherein: in step S9, the verticality of the target structure is calculated according to the following method:
calculating the displacement of the target structure:
Di1＝di×cos(α1±α0)
Di2＝di×sin(α1±α0)
wherein Di1For the displacement of the target structure in the set reference direction, Di2A displacement amount of the target structure in a direction perpendicular to the set reference direction;
calculating the verticality of the target structure:
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Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4532718A (en) * | 1983-12-30 | 1985-08-06 | Copeland David C | Plumbing apparatus |
| CN101995245A (en) * | 2010-10-26 | 2011-03-30 | 浙江省大成建设集团有限公司 | Positioning measurement process of prismless total station in high cylindrical building center coordinate |
| JP2016080456A (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2016-05-16 | 株式会社Ｉｈｉエスキューブ | Pipe measuring method and pipe measuring system |
| CN210038155U (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2020-02-07 | 广州市吉华勘测股份有限公司 | Formwork monitoring device and system |
| CN111174771A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-05-19 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | Method for measuring verticality of stand column |
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2021
- 2021-03-12 CN CN202110270311.XA patent/CN112797946B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4532718A (en) * | 1983-12-30 | 1985-08-06 | Copeland David C | Plumbing apparatus |
| CN101995245A (en) * | 2010-10-26 | 2011-03-30 | 浙江省大成建设集团有限公司 | Positioning measurement process of prismless total station in high cylindrical building center coordinate |
| JP2016080456A (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2016-05-16 | 株式会社Ｉｈｉエスキューブ | Pipe measuring method and pipe measuring system |
| CN210038155U (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2020-02-07 | 广州市吉华勘测股份有限公司 | Formwork monitoring device and system |
| CN111174771A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-05-19 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | Method for measuring verticality of stand column |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 杨学超: "高层建筑倾斜率观测及数据处理的分析研究", 《矿山测量》 * |
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Granted publication date: 20220524 |