CN112794505A - An electric furnace short-flow iron and steel plant water treatment and wastewater zero discharge process - Google Patents
An electric furnace short-flow iron and steel plant water treatment and wastewater zero discharge process Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F1/40—Devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/16—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from metallurgical processes, i.e. from the production, refining or treatment of metals, e.g. galvanic wastes
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Abstract
本发明属于短流程钢铁厂循环水及废水处理领域，涉及一种电炉短流程钢铁厂水处理及废水零排放工艺，本发明采用电炉炼钢‑连铸‑轧钢‑配套公辅所需的循环水及废水回用集中处理的设计方法，将全厂所有工艺设备所需的间接冷却水处理系统、直接冷却水处理系统、污泥处理系统、废水处理及回用集中至厂内合理的位置统一处理。各循环系统采用自动排污及串级给水，循环系统排污水就近处理，浓盐水二次反渗透减量处理后回用至电炉炉渣处理及电炉除尘灰加湿，实现了废水零排放。本发明在缩短水处理工艺流程、提高水资源的重复利用、实现废水零排放、节约用地、实现全厂集中控制等方面优势明显，适于在城市或工业园区内的钢铁厂水处理新建、改造项目。
The invention belongs to the field of circulating water and wastewater treatment in short-flow iron and steel plants, and relates to an electric furnace short-flow iron and steel plant water treatment and zero-discharge process for wastewater. The design method of centralized treatment of waste water reuse and waste water reuse is to concentrate the indirect cooling water treatment system, direct cooling water treatment system, sludge treatment system, waste water treatment and reuse required by all process equipment in the whole plant to a reasonable location in the plant for unified treatment. . Each circulating system adopts automatic sewage discharge and cascade water supply. The sewage from the circulating system is treated nearby, and the concentrated brine is treated by reverse osmosis twice and then reused to treat the slag of the electric furnace and humidify the dust and ash of the electric furnace, realizing zero discharge of waste water. The invention has obvious advantages in shortening the water treatment process, improving the reuse of water resources, realizing zero discharge of waste water, saving land, and realizing centralized control of the whole plant, and is suitable for new construction and renovation of water treatment in steel plants in cities or industrial parks. project.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of circulating water and wastewater treatment of short-process steel plants, and relates to a water treatment and wastewater zero-discharge process of an electric furnace short-process steel plant.
Background
The short-flow steel plant refers to a compact steel production process flow which takes scrap steel as a main raw material and only combines electric furnace-continuous casting-continuous rolling, and is relative to the conventional long-flow production process which takes iron ore as a main raw material and comprises mining, stock yard-sintering, pelletizing-coking-ironmaking-steelmaking-continuous casting-steel rolling. In recent years, due to the shortage of iron ore raw materials and the gradual maturity of the scrap steel market, China is in the period of large-scale application of scrap steel, and short-flow steel plants for electric furnace steelmaking become one of the main processes for steel production with obvious advantages of low total investment, short construction period, high efficiency, strong adaptability and the like, and are favored by small and medium-sized civil steel plants and urban steel plants. However, the restriction of land, shortage of manpower and environmental protection requirements also put higher demands on the aspects of energy conservation, environmental protection, centralized control, intellectualization and the like of short-flow steel mills. Therefore, the problems of reasonably utilizing the site, optimizing the logistics route, saving various medium pipelines, reducing the emission of pollutants and improving the utilization rate of water resources are urgently needed to be solved by short-flow steel plants.
The water is used as one of the essential auxiliary energy sources of steel plants, plays a very important role in the production process, is mainly used for process water, cleaning water and cooling water, wherein the cooling water consumption for process equipment is the largest and accounts for more than 90 percent of the total water consumption. As the water consumption of a common steel mill is large and the requirement on the quality of water is high, a set of self-made system water supply and drainage system is built in all the steel mills, and the system mainly comprises 3 plates for central water treatment plants, whole plant pipe networks and unit circulating water treatment. Wherein the central water treatment plant is mainly responsible for preparing fresh water, preparing domestic water, preparing high-quality water (soft water, desalted water, pure water and the like), and treating and recycling wastewater; the unit circulating water treatment process usually makes corresponding water treatment processes of temperature reduction, oil removal and impurity removal according to the water demand of each process equipment and the pollution degree of water after being used, so that a large amount of water can be recycled, the purposes of meeting the process use requirements and saving water are achieved, and under the common condition, circulating water systems are dispersedly arranged in units, such as the circulating water systems are independently arranged in respective areas for iron making, steel making and steel rolling. The whole plant water supply and drainage pipe network mainly comprises a fresh water production water supply pipe network, a fire water supply pipe network, a domestic water supply pipe network, a soft water supply pipe network, a reuse water supply pipe network, a strong brine supply pipe network, a production drainage pipe network, a domestic drainage pipe network, a rain drainage pipe network, a special wastewater pipe network and the like, and steel plants are slightly different due to different water use and drainage systems.
Therefore, the water supply and drainage facilities of the conventional steel mill are a complex and huge dispersed system, and because the system is dispersed, operators cannot take care of the system, and the labor cost is always high. It is also difficult to achieve water balance between the systems. The collection route of the production wastewater is long, the pollution is increased in the process of wastewater circulation, and the transportation cost of wastewater recycling is high due to the dispersion of users. Most importantly, decentralized water treatment systems also present challenges to the centralized control of the whole plant and to the rapidly developing intelligence.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a water treatment and wastewater zero discharge process for an electric furnace short-flow steel plant, which is used for designing a water treatment system of the electric furnace short-flow steel plant, so as to improve the reuse rate of water resources, realize wastewater zero discharge, and simultaneously provide hardware support for centralized control and intellectualization of water treatment.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a water treatment and wastewater zero discharge process for an electric furnace short-flow steel plant comprises an indirect cooling water system, a direct cooling water system, a sludge treatment system and a wastewater treatment and recycling system; the indirect cooling water system comprises a desalted water system and a purified circulating water system, the desalted water system is mainly used for cooling water of a crystallizer of the continuous casting machine, a group of water supply pumps are arranged for cooling the crystallizer, and return water is cooled by a residual pressure upper closed cooler and then is pressurized by a pump and is sent to a user for recycling; the clean circulating water system is centrally provided with 2 groups of water supply pumps according to different water supply pressures, one group of water supply pumps is used for indirectly cooling water of a furnace, an LF and continuous casting equipment, the other group of water supply pumps is used for a steel rolling hydraulic system, a rolling mill motor, a dust removal facility, an air compression station and an oxygen generation station, all water using parts share one water return pipe, and the water return pipe flows into a cold water pool after being cooled and is pressurized by the pumps for recycling; 2 paths of water replenishing are arranged in the clean circulating system, one path of water is external new water, and the other path of water is desalted water for treating and recycling wastewater; the direct cooling water system collects direct cooling water of continuous casting and steel rolling equipment, the direct cooling water is collected to a primary sedimentation tank through an iron sheet ditch, the direct cooling water is pressurized by a pump and sent to a pressure-bearing type integrated treatment device or is filtered at a high speed to carry out secondary treatment to remove suspended substances and oils in the water after being treated by the primary sedimentation tank, the treated water is cooled by a residual pressure upper cooling tower and then stored in a cold water tank, the water is pressurized by the pump and sent to a user for recycling, muddy water discharged by the secondary treatment is sent to a sludge treatment system for treatment, the direct cooling water system is provided with automatic sewage discharge, and sewage is discharged into a wastewater treatment.
Optionally, the wastewater treatment and recycling system comprises a pretreatment system and an advanced treatment system, the pretreatment system comprises a sedimentation tank and a multi-medium filter, the sewage directly enters the mechanical stirring clarification tank, and coagulant aid are added to the mechanical stirring clarification tank, so that suspended matters in the water form large alum flocs, and the sediments in the clarification tank are removed; the precipitated effluent enters an intermediate water tank by virtue of gravity, enters a multi-media filter after being lifted by a pump, and the filtered water is sent to an advanced treatment system.
Optionally, the sludge discharged from the bottom of the mechanical stirring and clarifying tank is conveyed to a sludge treatment system by a sludge discharge pump for treatment.
Optionally, the advanced treatment system adopts an ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis process, most of produced water is supplied to demineralized water circulating water for water supplement and a waste heat boiler for evaporative cooling water supplement, and the rest is supplied to a clean circulating water system; the concentrated water generated by the reverse osmosis of the wastewater is further treated by the reverse osmosis of the concentrated water, and the produced water enters a desalting water tank; and (3) further concentrating the concentrated water generated by the reverse osmosis of the concentrated water by adopting SW reverse osmosis, enabling the produced water to enter a desalting water tank, and finally delivering the generated concentrated water to users for electric furnace slag treatment and dedusting ash treatment for recycling and consumption.
Optionally, the sludge treatment system comprises a slurry adjusting tank and a centrifugal dehydrator, the sludge and water discharged is collected by the slurry adjusting tank, and is dehydrated by a pumping centrifugal dehydrator and a squeezer, the dehydrated dry sludge is stored in a storage bin, the rinsing water and the filtrate of the dehydrator automatically flow to a filtrate tank, and the sludge is automatically flowed or is treated by a pumping primary sedimentation tank.
Optionally, the clean circulating water system is centrally provided with 2 groups of water supply pumps according to different water supply pressures, one group of water supply pumps is provided with a user design pressure of 0.5MPa and is used for indirect cooling water of the power furnace, the LF and the continuous casting equipment, and the other group of water supply pumps is provided with a pump design pressure of 0.35MPa and is used for a steel rolling hydraulic system, a rolling mill motor, a dust removal facility, an air compression station and an oxygen generation station.
Optionally, the effluent of the advanced wastewater treatment product meets the water supplementing requirement of a continuous casting demineralized water system, and when the sewage discharge amount of the direct cooling water system cannot meet the water producing requirement of the demineralized water, new water needs to be supplemented to the middle water tank to realize water balance of the whole plant.
Optionally, the water supply pump and the cooling facility fan adopt variable-frequency speed-regulating motors, and the system automatically regulates the water supply amount and the water supply temperature according to the production requirement and the change of the environmental temperature; electric control valves are arranged at the user inlet, the upper tower of the cooling tower and the bypass pipeline, and all the valves have opening display and are displayed on an HMI picture; and the current, temperature, vibration, leakage and other operation data of the electric equipment are provided with real-time monitoring points.
Optionally, an intelligent dosing device is arranged, and a sterilizing algicide and a corrosion and scale inhibitor which are adaptive to each other can be automatically added according to the circulating water quality, the water quantity and the corrosion degree of the pipeline; the circulating water quality stabilizing agent is provided with a tracer, and the concentration of the agent in the circulating water can be monitored in real time.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a design method for water treatment of an electric furnace short-flow steel mill, which comprises the step of centralizing an indirect cooling water treatment system, a direct cooling water treatment system, a sludge treatment system and wastewater treatment and recycling required by all process equipment to reasonable positions in the mill for unified treatment. Each circulating system adopts automatic pollution discharge and cascade water supply, and sewage discharged by the circulating system is treated and recycled nearby.
The design method for the water treatment of the electric furnace short-flow steel plant and the wastewater zero-discharge process break through the limitation that the traditional steel plant is respectively provided with a water treatment system according to different main process units, and a water treatment center is centrally arranged in the whole plant range and covers the circulating water treatment, the production wastewater treatment and the recycling required by the main processes of steel making, continuous casting and steel rolling.
The invention provides a wastewater zero-emission treatment method for an electric furnace short-flow steel mill, which comprises a circulating system sewage and wastewater on-site treatment pretreatment system, an ultrafiltration system, a reverse osmosis system, an advanced treatment product water recycling system, an advanced treatment strong brine reverse osmosis and SW (seawater or brackish water reverse osmosis) reverse osmosis treatment system and a final strong brine disposal system; the wastewater pretreatment only needs to be provided with a mechanical stirring clarification tank, a middle water tank, a lifting pump station and a multi-medium filtering unit, and does not need to be provided with a grid, an adjusting tank and a primary lifting pump station; the advanced wastewater treatment system adopts an ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis process, most of produced water is supplied to a continuous casting desalted water circulating system for water supplement, and the rest is supplied to a new water production system; the concentrated water generated by the reverse osmosis of the wastewater is further treated by reverse osmosis of the concentrated water, and the produced water enters a desalting water tank; concentrated water generated by reverse osmosis of the concentrated water is further concentrated by SW reverse osmosis, the produced water enters a desalting water tank, and finally the generated concentrated water is sent to users for recycling and consumption, such as electric furnace slag treatment, electric furnace dust removal treatment and the like, so that zero discharge of the production wastewater is realized
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out hereinafter.
Drawings
For the purposes of promoting a better understanding of the objects, aspects and advantages of the invention, reference will now be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall arrangement of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a process flow of indirect cooling water system treatment;
FIG. 3 is a process flow of a direct cooling water system treatment;
FIG. 4 is a flow diagram of a process for pretreatment of production wastewater;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a wastewater advanced treatment process;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a sludge treatment process.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention in a schematic way, and the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
Wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustrating the invention only and not for the purpose of limiting the same, and in which there is shown by way of illustration only and not in the drawings in which there is no intention to limit the invention thereto; to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there is an orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc., based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but it is not an indication or suggestion that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and the specific meaning of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a design method for water treatment in an electric furnace short-flow steel mill, which includes a step of concentrating an indirect cooling water treatment system, a direct cooling water treatment system, a sludge treatment system, wastewater treatment and recycling required by all process equipment to reasonable positions in the mill for uniform treatment. Each circulating system adopts automatic pollution discharge and cascade water supply, and sewage discharged by the circulating system is treated and recycled nearby.
The design method for the water treatment of the electric furnace short-flow steel plant and the wastewater zero-discharge process break through the limitation that the traditional steel plant is respectively provided with a water treatment system according to different main process units, and a water treatment center is centrally arranged in the whole plant range and covers the circulating water treatment, the production wastewater treatment and the recycling required by the main processes of steel making, continuous casting and steel rolling.
Optionally, the design method for water treatment of the electric furnace short-flow steel plant and the wastewater zero-discharge process are suitable for water treatment of the short-flow steel plant, and are preferably designed for water treatment of a newly-built steel plant only comprising a steel-making-continuous casting-steel-rolling process or only comprising a steel-making-continuous casting process; the process is preferably suitable for a single production line, the arrangement is compact, and the production scale of the casting blank is less than or equal to 300 ten thousand tons/year; the design method for the water treatment of the electric furnace short-flow steel plant and the wastewater zero-discharge process only need to be added with water from the outside of the plant, high-quality water required in the plant is prepared by the water treatment center, and wastewater generated by the system is consumed in the plant, so that the wastewater zero-discharge is realized.
The design method for the water treatment of the electric furnace short-flow steel plant and the wastewater zero discharge process are characterized in that a set of indirect cooling water system is intensively built by indirect cooling water of electric furnace steel making, continuous casting, steel rolling, matched oxygen making and air compression station equipment, and 2 sets of water pumps and pipelines for users, a water return pipe, a cooling tower, a cold water pool for indirect cooling water and other facilities are arranged according to the pressure requirements of the users. The design method for the water treatment of the electric furnace short-flow steel plant and the indirect cooling water system with the wastewater zero discharge process adjust the concentration multiple of the clean ring system according to the water quality of the water replenishing of the indirect cooling water system and the water supply of the intercooling circulating water, so that the indirect cooling water system can automatically replenish water and discharge sewage according to the circulating water quality, and the sewage of the intercooling system is used as the water replenishing of the direct cooling water system.
Optionally, the process water replenishing pipe and the circulating water supply pipe are provided with water level, flow, pressure, water temperature and water quality (SS, full hardness, alkalinity, PH, conductivity and oil content) on-line monitoring, and related data can be inquired on an HMI (human machine interface) picture in real time; the process mainly adopts a variable frequency speed regulating motor as a water supply pump and a cooling facility fan, and a system can automatically regulate the water supply amount and the water supply temperature according to the production requirement and the change of the environmental temperature; in the process, electric regulating valves are arranged at an inlet of a main user, an upper tower of a cooling tower and a bypass pipeline, and all the valves have opening degree display and are displayed on an HMI picture; the process power consumption equipment (such as a water pump and a motor) is provided with real-time monitoring points according to operation data such as current, temperature, vibration, leakage and the like, so that a precondition is provided for establishing intelligent self-checking and prejudgment of equipment faults, manual inspection is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved.
The design method for the water treatment of the electric furnace short-flow steel plant and the direct cooling water system with the wastewater zero discharge process calculate the salt balance of the direct cooling water system according to the set edge balance model, the received salt content of the sewage of the indirect cooling system, the salt content of the supplemented new water and the evaporation capacity of the direct cooling water system, thereby realizing the automatic sewage discharge of the direct cooling water system.
Optionally, an intelligent dosing device is arranged for stable quality of the circulating water, and a sterilizing algicide, a corrosion and scale inhibitor and the like which are adaptive to each other can be automatically added according to the quality, the quantity and the corrosion degree of the pipeline; the circulating water quality stabilizing agent is provided with a tracer, so that the concentration of the agent in the circulating water can be monitored in real time; establishing a complete hydraulic model of the circulating water treatment system, simulating the production state, and performing energy consumption analysis and accident prediction; a unified data platform is established, the data of the water treatment system and the data of the process production are shared and communicated in real time, and the water treatment system, the process production and the environmental conditions are in no boundary cooperation.
The design method for water treatment of the electric furnace short-flow steel plant, the continuous casting and steel rolling equipment direct cooling water zero-discharge process and the centralized arrangement of a set of direct cooling water treatment facilities are characterized by also comprising at least one of the following technical characteristics: secondary spray cooling water and equipment direct cooling water of the continuous casting blank and direct cooling water of steel rolling equipment return to respective iron sheet ditches, and then are collected to a total iron sheet ditch of continuous casting and steel rolling turbid return water; the water returning back to the water main iron sheet ditch automatically flows into an iron sheet pit or a rotational flow sedimentation tank which is intensively arranged between the continuous casting and steel rolling plants for primary sedimentation; the direct cooling water supply pump group is provided with a continuous casting secondary cooling spraying water supply pump, a steel rolling high-pressure turbid circulating water supply pump and a steel rolling low-pressure turbid circulating water supply pump according to user pressure, and the slag flushing water supply pump and the primary precipitation water lifting pump are respectively provided with a group for being used together for continuous casting and steel rolling.
The design method for water treatment of the electric furnace short-flow steel plant and the supernatant after primary sedimentation cyclone sedimentation tank or iron sheet ditch treatment in the wastewater zero discharge process are pressurized to a pressure-bearing type turbid circulating water integrated treatment device or a high-speed double-filter material filter by a pump, the treated water is cooled by a cooling tower under the excess pressure, the cooled water is stored in a cold water tank, a water tank and a pressurization link are not arranged between the primary sedimentation and the cold water tank, and the method is characterized by also comprising at least one of the following technical characteristics:
optionally, the design surface load of the primary precipitation iron sheet pit is not more than 10.0m3(square meter, h), the design surface load of the primary sedimentation rotational flow tank is not more than 15.0m3V ((square meter) · h); the backwashing period of the pressure-bearing type turbid circulating water integrated treatment device and the high-speed double-filter material filter is 8-12 h, and the designed filtering speed of the high-speed double-filter material filter is 30-35 m/h; adding coagulant and flocculant before secondary treatment; the place for adding the coagulant is a primary sedimentation tank, and the place for adding the coagulant aid is a pipeline mixer or a hydraulic mixing tank at the front end of secondary treatment; an alum blossom recognition device is arranged after the coagulant aid is added, and a proper amount of coagulant and coagulant aid can be added according to the shape of alum blossom, so that the medicament utilization rate is improved.
Optionally, sludge discharged by the pressure-bearing type turbid circulating water integrated treatment device is discharged into a sludge treatment system, backwashing water of a high-speed filter, and filtrate is returned to a primary sedimentation tank for retreatment; the direct cooling water system receives all the sewage of the indirect cooling system, adjusts the concentration multiple of the direct cooling water system according to the on-line detected fresh water supplement and the sewage quality of the indirect cooling system, sets the sewage quality limit value of the direct cooling water system, and enables the direct cooling water system to automatically discharge sewage according to the circulating water quality. The design method for water treatment of the electric furnace short-flow steel plant and the wastewater zero-discharge process are characterized in that the whole plant is provided with only one sludge treatment facility to uniformly treat sludge generated by a circulating water system and a wastewater pretreatment system.
Optionally, the sludge dewatering adopts a continuously working centrifugal dewatering machine which can be provided with a squeezing or drying device; a belt type filter press which can work continuously is adopted for sludge dewatering; the mud water discharged in a pressure-bearing type integration way is not concentrated and directly enters a sludge dewatering device for dewatering; the sludge treatment system runs automatically and is unattended.
The invention provides a wastewater zero-emission treatment method for an electric furnace short-flow steel mill, which comprises a circulating system sewage and wastewater on-site treatment pretreatment system, an ultrafiltration system, a reverse osmosis system, an advanced treatment product water recycling system, an advanced treatment strong brine reverse osmosis and SW (seawater or brackish water reverse osmosis) reverse osmosis treatment system and a final strong brine disposal system; the wastewater pretreatment only needs to be provided with a mechanical stirring clarification tank, a middle water tank, a lifting pump station and a multi-medium filtering unit, and does not need to be provided with a grid, an adjusting tank and a primary lifting pump station; the advanced wastewater treatment system adopts an ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis process, most of produced water is supplied to a continuous casting desalted water circulating system for water supplement, and the rest is supplied to a new water production system; the concentrated water generated by the reverse osmosis of the wastewater is further treated by reverse osmosis of the concentrated water, and the produced water enters a desalting water tank; concentrated water generated by the reverse osmosis of the concentrated water is further concentrated by SW reverse osmosis, the produced water enters a desalting water tank, and finally the generated concentrated water is sent to users for recycling and consumption, such as electric furnace slag treatment, electric furnace dust removal treatment and the like, so that zero emission of the production wastewater is realized; the strong brine that SW reverse osmosis produced sets up the equalizing basin and stores, does not set up and promotes pump station and pipe network, regularly or send the user to and use with the tank car according to the demand of electric furnace slag, electric stove dust removal processing system.
Optionally, the effluent of the advanced wastewater treatment product meets the water supplementing requirement of a continuous casting demineralized water system, and when the sewage discharge amount of the direct cooling water system cannot meet the water producing requirement of the demineralized water, new production water needs to be supplemented to the intermediate water tank so as to realize water balance of the whole plant. In this case, the strong brine is not selected to be subjected to SW reverse osmosis treatment.
The invention comprises an indirect cooling water system, a direct cooling water system, a sludge treatment system and a wastewater treatment and recycling system. The specific steps of carrying out the electric furnace short-process steel plant water treatment and wastewater zero-discharge design by adopting the process flow comprise:
1) indirect cooling water system: the indirect cooling water system is divided into a desalination water system and a clean circulating water system. The desalting water system is mainly used for cooling the crystallizer of the continuous casting machine, the system is provided with a group of water supply pumps for cooling the crystallizer, and return water is pressurized and sent to a user for recycling after being cooled by a residual pressure upper closed cooler. The water lost by the system passes through the surge tank and is supplemented by the desalted water recycled by waste treatment. The indirect cooling water purification and circulation water system of the equipment is centrally provided with 2 groups of water supply pumps according to different water supply pressures, the user design pressure of one group of pumps is 0.5MPa, the pumps are used for indirect cooling water of a furnace, LF and continuous casting equipment, the design pressure of the other group of pumps is 0.35MPa, the pumps are used for users of a steel rolling hydraulic system, a rolling mill motor, a dust removal facility, an air compression station, an oxygen generation station and the like, a water outlet header pipe of each water pump is provided with flow and pressure detection, each user is provided with flow detection and flow regulation measures, water quantity distribution is regulated, each user backwater shares a backwater header pipe, backwater is cooled by a group of cooling towers and then is stored in a cold water pool. The clean circulating system is provided with 2 paths of water replenishing, wherein one path of water replenishing is external fresh water, and the other path of water replenishing is desalted water for wastewater treatment and recycling. And preferentially dissipate the desalted water recycled by wastewater treatment. The clean circulating system is provided with automatic sewage discharge, and sewage is used in cascade as water supplement of the direct cooling water system.
2) Direct cooling water system: the direct cooling water of continuous casting and rolling equipment is collected to a primary sedimentation tank (a sheet iron pit or a rotational flow sedimentation tank) through a sheet iron ditch, the water treated by the primary sedimentation tank is pressurized by a pump and sent to a pressure-bearing type integrated treatment device or is filtered at high speed for secondary treatment to remove suspended substances and oils in the water, the treated water is cooled by a cooling tower under excess pressure and then stored in a cold water tank, and the water is pressurized by the pump and sent to a user for recycling. The slurry water discharged by the secondary treatment is sent to a sludge treatment system for treatment. The direct cooling water system is provided with automatic sewage discharge, and sewage is discharged into a wastewater treatment and recycling system for treatment.
3) Wastewater pretreatment: because the direct cooling water system discharges the pressure, the blow-off water enters the mechanical stirring clarification tank directly, and adds coagulant and coagulant aid, make the suspended matter in the water form large alum floc, precipitate and can be removed in the clarification tank. The precipitated effluent enters an intermediate water tank by virtue of gravity, enters a multi-media filter after being lifted by a pump, and the filtered water is sent to an advanced treatment system for further treatment.
Sludge discharged from the bottom of the mechanical stirring and clarifying tank is conveyed to a sludge treatment system by a sludge discharge pump for treatment; the back washing water of the multi-media filter flows back to the wastewater adjusting tank. .
4) Advanced treatment of wastewater: after being treated by the pretreatment facility, the wastewater is sent to an advanced treatment system for further treatment. The advanced treatment system adopts an ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis process, most of produced water is supplied to demineralized water circulating water for water supplement and a waste heat boiler for evaporative cooling water supplement, and the rest is supplied to a clean circulating water system; the concentrated water generated by the reverse osmosis of the wastewater is further treated by the reverse osmosis of the concentrated water, and the produced water enters a desalting water tank; the concentrated water generated by the reverse osmosis of the concentrated water is further concentrated by SW reverse osmosis, the produced water enters a desalting water tank, and the finally generated concentrated water is sent to users for recycling and consumption, such as electric furnace slag treatment, dust removal treatment and the like, so that zero discharge of the production wastewater is realized.
5) A sludge treatment system: the system mainly treats the sludge discharge water of the backwashing drainage and turbid ring integrated treatment device from the purifying ring bypass filter and the sludge discharge water at the bottom of the wastewater pretreatment mechanical stirring clarification tank. The sludge water is collected by a slurry adjusting tank, and then is dewatered by a pumping centrifugal dehydrator and a squeezer, and the dewatered dry sludge is stored in a storage bin and is transported by an automobile for comprehensive utilization. The washing water and the filtrate of the dehydrator automatically flow to the filtrate tank and are automatically flowed or are treated by a pump once sedimentation tank.
Example 1
The design parameters of the water treatment of the electric furnace short-flow steel plant with the capacity of 135 ten thousand tons/year are as follows:
indirect cooling water system: 10550m3A/h, wherein the demineralized water circulation system: 750m3/h, clean cycle system:9800m3/h
direct cooling water system: 9800m3/h
Design scale of wastewater treatment and reuse: 80m3H, actual treatment direct cooling water discharge sewage amount of 55m3H, producing 50m of desalted water3H, 5m of super strong brine3And h, all units are consumed.
A sludge treatment system: the average amount of dry sludge treated per day was 5.14 t.
The recycling rate of the circulating system is as follows: 98 percent of
New water consumption per ton of steel: 1.45m3Ton steel
9600 square meter for treating water.
Finally, the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all of them should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
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