CN112794414B - Electric desalting electrode film and equipment for preparing same - Google Patents
Electric desalting electrode film and equipment for preparing same Download PDFInfo
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- CN112794414B CN112794414B CN202110111320.4A CN202110111320A CN112794414B CN 112794414 B CN112794414 B CN 112794414B CN 202110111320 A CN202110111320 A CN 202110111320A CN 112794414 B CN112794414 B CN 112794414B
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- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 23
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000008234 soft water Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000033558 biomineral tissue development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000909 electrodialysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005686 electrostatic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002887 superconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
- C02F1/4693—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis electrodialysis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0079—Manufacture of membranes comprising organic and inorganic components
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/02—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an electric desalting electrode film and equipment for preparing the electrode film, wherein the electrode film comprises graphene paper and slurry coated on the graphene paper, and the slurry comprises 1-10% of polyvinylidene fluoride by mass percent; 60% -89% of N, N-dimethylacetamide; 10 to 30 percent of active carbon. The polar film has less slurry components, and the components can achieve good conductive desalination effect by matching; the polyvinylidene fluoride has small addition amount, so that the polyvinylidene fluoride can play a role in bonding, reduce impedance caused by organic matters and enhance the current utilization rate; in addition, the polyvinylidene fluoride in the slurry has a small proportion and moderate viscosity, so that the micro pore diameter among the activated carbon particles is more, more electrons are contained, more ions are adsorbed, and the desalination rate and the desalination time are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electric desalting, and particularly relates to an electric desalting electrode film and equipment for preparing the electrode film.
Background
At present, high salinity wastewater in industrial wastewater and urban sewage directly leads to the improvement of the mineralization degree of the water quality of the river, and causes more and more serious pollution to soil, surface water and underground water, thereby endangering the ecological environment. The high salinity wastewater has high content of soluble substances and high treatment difficulty. The desalination technology currently applied in China mainly comprises the following steps: chemical desalination (ion exchange process), membrane separation technology desalination (electrodialysis and reverse osmosis process) and thermal desalination (distillation process).
The electro-adsorption desalination technology is a novel water treatment technology which is raised in the 90 th century, and the electro-adsorption technology utilizes the characteristic of electrification of the surface of an electrified electrode to carry out electrostatic adsorption on ions in water so as to realize the desalination purpose. The technology adopts a brand-new water treatment concept, has unique advantages in the aspects of treatment efficiency, adaptability, energy consumption, operation and maintenance, environmental friendliness and the like, and has good application and development prospects.
The basic idea of the electro-adsorption desalination technology is to apply an external voltage to form an electrostatic field to force ions to move to an electrode with opposite charges, so that the ions are enriched in an electric double layer, and the bulk concentration of a solution is greatly reduced, thereby realizing the desalination of wastewater.
As shown in chinese patent application CN201811194094.5 (publication No. CN 111039365A), the self-generating capacitor deionizing device comprises a housing and a desalination core assembly disposed in the housing, wherein the housing has a water inlet and a water outlet, the device is characterized in that a driving impeller, a magnet and a coil are disposed in the housing, the driving impeller can be driven by water flow to rotate in a state that the housing enters water flow, the magnet and the driving impeller coaxially rotate, two ends of the coil are connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the desalination core assembly, and the magnet rotates under the driving of the driving impeller and can make the coil cut magnetic lines of force of the magnet.
The electrical conductivity of the desalination core assembly (i.e., the electrode film hereinafter) in this patent has a great influence on the electrical desalination efficiency, so that the process, parameters, components, etc. for preparing the desalination core assembly are critical.
Disclosure of Invention
The first technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide an electric desalting electrode film with high electric conduction efficiency aiming at the current state of the art.
The second technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a device for preparing the electric desalting electrode membrane aiming at the current state of the art.
The third technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide equipment for preparing the electric desalting electrode membrane capable of recycling organic solvent aiming at the current state of the art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the first technical problem is as follows: the electric desalting electrode film is characterized by comprising graphene paper and slurry coated on the graphene paper, wherein the slurry comprises 1-10% of polyvinylidene fluoride by mass percent; 60% -89% of N, N-dimethylacetamide; 10 to 30 percent of active carbon.
The active carbon has the functions of conducting electricity and storing charges; n, N-dimethylacetamide is an organic solvent, and can dissolve organic matters; polyvinylidene fluoride is used as a binder, and active carbon and graphene paper are compounded; graphene paper is used as a conductive carrier.
Preferably, in the slurry, the mass fraction of the polyvinylidene fluoride is 1.31%, and the mass fraction of the N, N-dimethylacetamide is 81.16%; the mass fraction of the activated carbon is 17.53%. Through a large number of experiments and analysis, the mass fractions of the components are matched, and the conductivity of the prepared slurry and the stability of the subsequent paste on the graphene paper are all optimal.
Preferably, the polyvinylidene fluoride has a weight average molecular weight of 300517 ~ 304517. The use of a binder (pvc df) of a specific weight average molecular weight can help form more suitable microscopic pores between activated carbon and activated carbon, increasing the adsorption capacity of ions within the microstructure, i.e., the adsorption capacity of the dense layer can be enhanced according to the electric double layer theory.
The preparation method of the slurry comprises the following steps of:
(1) Preparing an adhesive solution: dissolving the adhesive polyvinylidene fluoride with the formula amount in a part of organic solvent N, N-dimethylacetamide;
(2) Dispersing the formula amount of activated carbon in the rest organic solvent N, N-dimethylacetamide, then adding the adhesive solution in the step (1), and uniformly stirring to obtain slurry;
(3) Stirring the slurry under vacuum to obtain a slurry with a viscosity of 4000N.s/m 2 ~7000N.s/m 2 Is a slurry of (a) and (b).
In order to better and faster dissolve the adhesive and prevent the adhesive from agglomerating or sticking to a stirring paddle, in the step (1), the organic solvent N, N-dimethylacetamide is divided into two parts, polyvinylidene fluoride is pre-dispersed in one part of N, N-dimethylacetamide, and then the other part of N, N-dimethylacetamide is added and stirred to be dissolved uniformly.
In order to better and quickly disperse the active carbon uniformly, in the step (2), the organic solvent N, N-dimethylacetamide is divided into two parts, the active carbon is pre-dispersed in one part of N, N-dimethylacetamide, then the adhesive solution is added for stirring, and finally the other part of N, N-dimethylacetamide is added for stirring and dissolving uniformly.
The invention solves the second technical problem by adopting the technical proposal that: an apparatus for preparing the above electric desalting electrode film, which is characterized in that: comprising
The shell is internally provided with a cavity, and one of the vertical side plates of the shell is provided with a through hole communicated with the cavity;
the first end of the support plate transversely stretches into the cavity from the perforation, the second end of the support plate is positioned outside the shell, and the upper end face of the support plate is used for spreading graphene paper thereon;
the storage box is positioned outside the shell, the slurry is supplied to the storage box to be contained in the storage box, and a material leakage opening positioned right above the second end of the support plate is formed in the storage box;
the first driving roller is rotatably arranged outside the shell, the graphene paper is wound on the first driving roller by the graphene paper roll and can be conveyed onto the support plate, the axial extension direction of the first driving roller is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the graphene paper, and the first driving roller is positioned at the upstream of the second end of the support plate along the conveying direction of the graphene paper;
the second driving roller can be rotationally arranged in the cavity, the second driving roller is used for winding the graphene paper coated with the slurry on the support plate and is positioned at the downstream of the first end of the support plate along the conveying direction of the graphene paper, and the axial extension direction of the second driving roller is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the graphene paper.
The first driving roller is used for conveying the graphene paper to the support plate, and the second driving roller is used for receiving the graphene paper coated with the slurry on the support plate, which is equivalent to the graphene paper spreading on the support plate and moving along the support plate; and after the slurry is uniformly stirred, adding the slurry into a storage box, and then dripping the slurry on the graphene paper from a material leakage opening to finish the coating of the slurry.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the third technical problem is as follows: the support plate is a semiconductor refrigerating sheet, the upper end face of the support plate is a hot end for graphene paper to spread on, the lower end face of the support plate is a cold end, the support plate divides the chamber into an upper area and a lower area, the upper area and the lower area are in fluid communication, the bottom plate of the shell is hollow to form a channel in the shell, and a second communication port for communicating the chamber and the channel is formed in the inner wall of the bottom plate of the shell;
a fan is arranged in a channel in a bottom plate of the shell, the perforation is an air inlet which is in fluid communication with the fan, and an air outlet which is in fluid communication with the fan is also formed in the bottom plate.
In order to further facilitate the discharge of the volatilized organic solvent for condensation, the top plate of the shell is hollow and is in fluid communication with the channel, and a first communication port for communicating the cavity with the channel is formed in the inner wall of the top plate of the shell. Therefore, if the hot air is not sucked by the fan, the hot air can enter the air duct through the first communication port, and finally the hot air enters the air duct to be condensed into a liquid state.
In order to facilitate collection and dumping of the condensed organic solvent, a liquid collecting groove positioned at the tail end of the channel is arranged in the bottom plate of the shell, and a liquid discharge pipe communicated with the liquid collecting groove and the outside of the shell is arranged on the shell. The condensed organic solvent is concentrated in the liquid collecting tank, and is discharged from the liquid discharge pipe after reaching a certain amount.
In order to facilitate the condensed organic solvent flow channel liquid collecting tank, the bottom wall surface of the channel in the bottom plate of the shell is an inclined surface which inclines towards the liquid collecting tank from top to bottom.
The storage box can have multiple structural style, preferably, the storage box is fixed to be set up relative to the casing, and the storage box includes diapire, first lateral wall and second lateral wall, the longitudinal section of first lateral wall is the U type and upwards extends from diapire week edge, the second lateral wall can set up on two relative vertical walls of first lateral wall with sliding from top to bottom, diapire, first lateral wall, second lateral wall enclose jointly into the storage box, and have the clearance formation between the lower extreme of second lateral wall and the diapire the weeping mouth, be equipped with between second lateral wall and the first lateral wall and enable the location structure of two relative locations. The second side wall not only serves as a component constituting the cartridge, but also can control the coating thickness of the slurry by adjusting the height of the second side wall, i.e., controlling the vertical distance between the lower end of the second side wall and the graphene paper.
The positioning structure can have various structural forms, preferably, a fixed rod is transversely arranged between two vertical walls of the first side wall, the second side wall is positioned below the fixed rod, a positioning column capable of movably penetrating through the fixed rod is formed on the upper end face of the second side wall, the positioning column is in threaded connection with a nut capable of being placed on the upper end face of the fixed rod, the second side wall always keeps a downward movement trend under the action of an elastic piece, and the nut, the positioning column, the fixed rod and the elastic piece jointly form the positioning structure. After the nut is in threaded connection with the positioning column, the nut is placed on the lower end face of the fixed rod, and the second side wall is limited to move downwards; the elastic piece can limit the upward movement of the second side wall.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the polar film has less slurry components, and the components can achieve good conductive desalination effect by matching; the polyvinylidene fluoride has small addition amount, so that the polyvinylidene fluoride can play a role in bonding, reduce impedance caused by organic matters and enhance the current utilization rate; in addition, the polyvinylidene fluoride in the slurry has a small proportion and moderate viscosity, so that the micro pore diameter among the activated carbon particles is more, more electrons are contained, more ions are adsorbed, and the desalination rate and the desalination time are improved;
at present, manufacturers can add excessive conductive agents such as conductive carbon black, graphene and the like into the slurry, but under the condition of larger polar film area, the conductive agents originally aim to increase conductivity, but in actual conditions, the conductive agents are not superconductors, after a large amount of the conductive agents are used, the overall resistance is increased, in addition, in order to control the using amount of the binder, the proportion of the active carbon is relatively reduced, and compared with the active carbon, the conductive agents are small in adsorption capacity and poor in conductive effect;
the support plate adopts the semiconductor refrigeration piece, the semiconductor refrigeration piece heats and dries the slurry, and the organic solvent volatilizes, because the fan acts, the organic solvent can flow downwards and be condensed into a liquid state by the cold end of the semiconductor refrigeration piece, the support plate can be used for two purposes, and the support plate can be used for drying the slurry to volatilize the organic solvent and condensing the organic solvent; in the whole process of drying and condensing the organic solvent, the lower areas of the channels and the chambers can introduce hot air with higher temperature in the upper areas because of the fans, so that the temperature of the lower areas of the channels and the chambers is not lower than 0 ℃, and the concentration of DMAC is not reduced because of the generation of condensed water; and because the air expands with heat and contracts with cold, the air flow can flow unidirectionally, and the fan is arranged at the lower part of the shell, the air flow can flow unidirectionally from the hot end to the cold end, so that the temperature of the upper region can not be reduced, and the drying is not influenced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a case according to an embodiment of the present invention with a side plate removed;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view in another direction of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the structure of FIG. 2 with the housing removed;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the bin of FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is an exploded view of FIG. 5;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of fig. 5 in another direction.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the embodiments of the drawings.
Example 1
The electro-desalting electrode membrane of the preferred embodiment comprises graphene paper 8 and slurry coated on the graphene paper 8, wherein the slurry comprises the following polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) 1.31% by mass; 81.16% of N, N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAC); 17.53% of active carbon. In this example, the weight average molecular weight of polyvinylidene fluoride is: 300000 polyvinylidene fluoride was purchased from zheng Jing Hongxin energy technologies limited; activated carbon was purchased from Fujian Xinsen carbon industries, inc., single point surface area at P/Po=0.207873702:1839.0780 m 2 /g。
The preparation method of the slurry comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing an adhesive solution: 1.31% of adhesive polyvinylidene fluoride is dissolved in an organic solvent N, N-dimethylacetamide; the method comprises the following steps: pre-dispersing 1.31% of adhesive in a part of organic solvent, then adding a part of organic solvent, and stirring until the adhesive is completely dissolved, wherein the sum of the addition amounts of the organic solvent for two times is based on the fact that the adhesive can be dissolved;
(2) Dispersing 17.53% of active carbon in the rest of organic solvent N, N-dimethylacetamide, then adding the adhesive solution in the step (1), and uniformly stirring to obtain slurry; the method comprises the following steps: pre-dispersing active carbon in one part of N, N-dimethylacetamide, adding an adhesive solution, stirring, adding the other part of N, N-dimethylacetamide, stirring and dissolving uniformly;
(3) Stirring the slurry under vacuum to obtain a slurry with a viscosity of 5600N.s/m 2 Is a slurry of (a) and (b).
The mass fraction of the sum of the organic solvents N, N-dimethylacetamide in the steps (1) and (2) is 81.16%.
After the above slurry was prepared, the slurry was coated on the graphene paper 8 by the following apparatus:
as shown in fig. 1 to 7, the equipment for preparing the electric desalting electrode membrane comprises a box body 7, wherein a shell 1, a support plate 2, a storage box 3, a first driving roller 4, a second driving roller 5 and the like are arranged in the box body 7, and when the slurry is coated, the box body 7 is in a sealed state, so that the organic solvent is prevented from escaping into the atmosphere to harm the environment and the health of workers.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the housing 1 has a chamber 11 inside, the housing 1 has a top plate 101, a bottom plate 102, a first side plate 103, a second side plate 104, a third side plate 105 and a fourth side plate 106, the top plate 101, the bottom plate 102, the first side plate 103, the second side plate 104, the third side plate 105 and the fourth side plate 106 enclose a box shape together, a through hole 12 communicating with the chamber 11 is formed in the first side plate 103 of the housing 1, a channel 15 is formed in the bottom plate 102 of the housing 1, an air channel 181 is also formed in the top plate of the housing 1, and the second side plate of the housing 1 is also hollow in the interior to fluidly communicate the channel 15 with the air channel 181. The inner wall of the top plate of the shell 1 is provided with a first communication port 18 for communicating the cavity 11 with the air duct 181 so as to finally realize the communication with the channel 15, and the inner wall of the bottom plate 102 of the shell 1 is provided with a second communication port 16 for communicating the cavity 11 with the channel 15.
The first end of the support plate 2 transversely stretches into the cavity 11 from the through hole 12, the second end of the support plate 2 is located outside the shell 1, and the upper end face of the support plate 2 is provided for the graphene paper 8 to spread on. The storage box 3 supplies slurry to be contained in, the storage box 3 is located outside the shell 1, and a material leakage opening 31 located right above the second end of the support plate 2 is formed in the storage box 3 so as to drop the slurry on the graphene paper 8.
As shown in fig. 2 and 4, in order to convey the graphene paper 8, a first driving roller 4, a second driving roller 5 and a tensioning roller 41 are provided, the first driving roller 4 is disposed outside the housing 1, the first driving roller 4 can rotate relative to the housing 1 under the action of a driving member (such as a motor), the first driving roller 4 is used for winding the graphene paper 8 and conveying the graphene paper 8 onto the support plate 2, the axial extension direction of the first driving roller 4 is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the graphene paper 8, and along the conveying direction of the graphene paper 8, the second end of the support plate 2 is located at the downstream of the first driving roller 4, and the tensioning roller 41 is located between the second end of the support plate 2 and the first driving roller 4.
The second driving roller 5 is disposed in the cavity 11, the second driving roller 5 can rotate relative to the housing 1 under the action of a driving member (such as a motor), the second driving roller 5 is used for winding the graphene paper 8 coated with the slurry on the support plate 2, the second driving roller 5 is disposed at the downstream of the first end of the support plate 2 along the conveying direction of the graphene paper 8, and the axis extending direction of the second driving roller 5 is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the graphene paper 8.
The first driving roller 4 is used for conveying the graphene paper 8 onto the support plate 2, and the second driving roller 5 is used for receiving the graphene paper 8 coated with the slurry on the support plate 2, which is equivalent to spreading the graphene paper 8 on the support plate 2 and moving along the support plate 2; after the slurry is stirred uniformly, the slurry is added into the storage box 3 and then is dropped on the graphene paper 8 from the material leakage opening 31, so that the coating of the slurry is completed.
In this embodiment, the support plate 2 is a semiconductor refrigeration sheet, the upper end surface of the support plate 2 is a hot end (working temperature of 70 ℃) for the graphene paper 8 to spread thereon, the lower end surface of the support plate 2 is a cold end (working temperature of minus 20 ℃) and the support plate 2 divides the chamber 11 into an upper region 13 and a lower region 14, and the upper region 13 and the lower region 14 are in fluid communication.
The channel 15 in the bottom plate 102 is internally provided with a fan 6, the perforation 12 is an air inlet which is in fluid communication with the fan 6, and the bottom plate 102 is also provided with an air outlet 17 which is in fluid communication with the fan 6. The semiconductor refrigerating sheet heats and dries the slurry, and the organic solvent volatilizes, because of the effect of the fan 6, the organic solvent can flow downwards and be condensed into a liquid state by the cold end of the semiconductor refrigerating sheet, and the support plate 2 has dual purposes, so that the slurry is dried to volatilize the organic solvent, and the organic solvent can be condensed. The bottom plate 102 of the shell 1 is internally provided with a liquid collecting groove 19 positioned at the tail end of the channel 15, the bottom wall surface of the channel 15 is provided with an inclined surface 151 inclined towards the liquid collecting groove 19 from top to bottom, so that condensed organic solvent can flow through the liquid collecting groove 19, and the bottom wall 30 of the shell 1 is provided with a liquid discharging pipe 191 communicated with the liquid collecting groove 19 and the outside. The condensed organic solvent is collected in the liquid collecting tank 19, and is discharged from the liquid discharge pipe 191 after reaching a predetermined amount.
In addition, if the hot air is not sucked by the fan 6, the hot air enters the air duct 181 through the first communication port 18, and finally enters the channel 15 to be condensed into a liquid state.
As shown in fig. 2 and 5-7, in this embodiment, the storage box 3 is fixedly disposed relative to the housing 1, the storage box 3 includes a bottom wall 30, a first side wall 32 and a second side wall 33, the longitudinal section of the first side wall 32 is U-shaped and extends upward from the periphery of the bottom wall 30, the second side wall 33 is slidably disposed on two opposite vertical walls 321 of the first side wall 32, the bottom wall 30, the first side wall 32 and the second side wall 33 jointly enclose the storage box 3, a gap is formed between the lower end of the second side wall 33 and the bottom wall 30 to form a material leakage opening 31, and a positioning structure capable of positioning the second side wall 33 and the first side wall 32 relative to each other is disposed between the second side wall 33 and the first side wall 32.
A fixing rod 34 is transversely arranged between the two vertical walls 321 of the first side wall 32, the second side wall 33 is positioned below the fixing rod 34, a positioning column 37 capable of movably penetrating through the fixing rod 34 is formed on the upper end face of the second side wall 33, the positioning column 37 is in threaded connection with a nut 35 capable of being placed on the upper end face of the fixing rod 34, the second side wall 33 always keeps a downward movement trend under the action of an elastic piece 36, and the nut 35, the positioning column 37, the fixing rod 34 and the elastic piece 36 form a positioning structure together. After the nut 35 is in threaded connection with the positioning column 37, the nut 35 is placed on the lower end surface of the fixed rod 34 to limit the downward movement of the second side wall 33; the elastic member 36 can limit the upward movement of the second side wall 33.
In this embodiment, the upper end surface of the second side wall 33 is further formed with a guide post 38 capable of moving through the fixing rod 34, and the elastic member 36 is a spring, and two ends of the spring respectively abut against the second side wall 33 and the fixing rod 34.
The second side wall 33 not only serves as a member constituting the magazine 3, but also can control the coating thickness of the slurry by adjusting the height of the second side wall 33, i.e., controlling the vertical distance between the lower end of the second side wall 33 and the graphene paper 8.
After the slurry is coated on the graphene paper 8, a polar film is formed. The two sides of the graphene paper 8 are coated with the slurry, the drying time of one side of the slurry is 15min, and the thickness of the slurry is about 0.4 mm.
Two polar films with the length of 975mm and the width of 180mm are prepared, a layer of guide cloth with an insulating effect is arranged between two adjacent polar films, the distance between the two polar films is controlled to be 0.25mm, and the two polar films are rolled into a cylindrical component with the diameter of 36.5mm.
The electrode film prepared in this example had a desalination rate of 85% for 15 minutes at a voltage of 2.5v, a water hardness of 400 and a water flow rate of 200ml/min, and after exceeding 15 minutes, the desalination rate was decreased, and the treated water hardness was 60 to achieve a soft water grade (soft water hardness of 150 or less). The polar membrane regeneration time only required 7.5 minutes. The polar film of the embodiment is tested under the condition of dynamic water, and has practicability.
Example 2
Example 2 differs from example 1 in that: the mass fractions of the components of the slurry are different from those of example 1, and other reference is made to example 1.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the electro-desalting electrode film of the preferred embodiment comprises graphene paper 8 and slurry coated on the graphene paper 8, wherein the slurry comprises polyvinylidene fluoride 1% by mass; 89% of N, N-dimethylacetamide; 10% of active carbon. In this example, the weight average molecular weight of polyvinylidene fluoride is: 31000.
the preparation method of the slurry comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing an adhesive solution: 1.00% of adhesive polyvinylidene fluoride is dissolved in an organic solvent N, N-dimethylacetamide; the method comprises the following steps: pre-dispersing 1.00% of adhesive in a part of organic solvent, then adding a part of organic solvent, and stirring until the adhesive is completely dissolved, wherein the sum of the addition amounts of the organic solvent for two times is based on the fact that the adhesive can be dissolved;
(2) Dispersing 10.00% of active carbon in the rest of organic solvent N, N-dimethylacetamide, then adding the adhesive solution in the step (1), and uniformly stirring to obtain slurry; the method comprises the following steps: pre-dispersing active carbon in one part of N, N-dimethylacetamide, adding an adhesive solution, stirring, adding the other part of N, N-dimethylacetamide, stirring and dissolving uniformly;
(3) Stirring the slurry under vacuum to obtain a viscosity of 70000 N.s/m 2 Is a slurry of (a) and (b).
The mass fraction of the sum of the organic solvents N, N-dimethylacetamide in the steps (1) and (2) is 89.00%.
Two polar films with the length of 975mm and the width of 180mm are prepared, a layer of guide cloth with an insulating effect is arranged between two adjacent polar films, the distance between the two polar films is controlled to be 0.25mm, and the two polar films are rolled into a cylindrical component with the diameter of 36.5mm.
The electrode film prepared in the embodiment has the desalination rate of 70% under the conditions of 2.5v voltage, 400 water hardness and 200ml/min water flow speed, and the treated water hardness of 120 reaches the soft water level (the soft water hardness is below 150) after 10 minutes. The polar film regeneration time only takes 15 minutes.
Example 3
Example 3 differs from example 1 in that: the mass fractions of the components of the slurry are different from those of example 1, and other reference is made to example 1.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the electro-desalting electrode film of the preferred embodiment comprises graphene paper 8 and slurry coated on the graphene paper 8, wherein the slurry comprises 10% of polyvinylidene fluoride by mass fraction; 60% of N, N-dimethylacetamide; 30% of active carbon. In this example, the weight average molecular weight of polyvinylidene fluoride is: 29000.
the preparation method of the slurry comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing an adhesive solution: dissolving 10.00% of adhesive polyvinylidene fluoride in an organic solvent N, N-dimethylacetamide; the method comprises the following steps: pre-dispersing 10.00% of adhesive in a part of organic solvent, then adding a part of organic solvent, and stirring until the adhesive is completely dissolved, wherein the sum of the addition amounts of the organic solvent for two times is based on the fact that the adhesive can be dissolved;
(2) Dispersing 30.00% of active carbon in the rest of organic solvent N, N-dimethylacetamide, then adding the adhesive solution in the step (1), and uniformly stirring to obtain slurry; the method comprises the following steps: pre-dispersing active carbon in one part of N, N-dimethylacetamide, adding an adhesive solution, stirring, adding the other part of N, N-dimethylacetamide, stirring and dissolving uniformly;
(3) Stirring the slurry under vacuum to obtain a slurry with a viscosity of 4000N.s/m 2 Is a slurry of (a) and (b).
The mass fraction of the sum of the organic solvents N, N-dimethylacetamide in the steps (1) and (2) is 60.00%.
Two polar films with the length of 975mm and the width of 180mm are prepared, a layer of guide cloth with an insulating effect is arranged between two adjacent polar films, the distance between the two polar films is controlled to be 0.25mm, and the two polar films are rolled into a cylindrical component with the diameter of 36.5mm.
The electrode film prepared in the example has a desalination rate of 65%8.5 minutes under the conditions of 2.5v voltage, 400 water hardness and 200ml/min water flow rate, and the treated water hardness is 140 and reaches soft water level (soft water hardness is below 150). The polar film regeneration time only takes 10 minutes.
The term "fluid communication" as used herein refers to a spatial positional relationship between two components or parts (hereinafter collectively referred to as a first part and a second part, respectively), that is, a fluid (gas, liquid, or a mixture of both) can flow along a flow path from the first part to the second part or/and be transported to the second part, or the first part and the second part may be directly communicated with each other, or the first part and the second part may be indirectly communicated with each other through at least one third party, and the third party may be a fluid channel such as a pipe, a channel, a conduit, a flow guiding member, a hole, a groove, or the like, or a chamber allowing the fluid to flow through, or a combination thereof.
Claims (9)
1. An apparatus for preparing an electro-desalting electrode membrane, characterized in that the electro-desalting electrode membrane comprises graphene paper (8) and slurry coated on the graphene paper (8), wherein the slurry comprises 1-10% of polyvinylidene fluoride by mass percent; 60% -89% of N, N-dimethylacetamide; 10% -30% of active carbon;
the apparatus for preparing the electro-desalting electrode membrane comprises
The shell (1) is internally provided with a cavity (11), and one of the vertical side plates of the shell (1) is provided with a perforation (12) communicated with the cavity (11);
the first end of the support plate (2) transversely stretches into the cavity (11) from the perforation (12), the second end of the support plate (2) is positioned outside the shell (1), and the upper end face of the support plate (2) is provided for the graphene paper (8) to spread on;
the storage box (3) is positioned outside the shell (1), slurry is supplied to the storage box (3) to be contained in the storage box, and a material leakage opening (31) positioned right above the second end of the support plate (2) is formed in the storage box (3);
the first driving roller (4) is rotatably arranged outside the shell (1), the first driving roller (4) is used for winding the graphene paper (8) and conveying the graphene paper (8) onto the support plate (2), the axis extending direction of the first driving roller (4) is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the graphene paper (8) and is along the conveying direction of the graphene paper (8), and the first driving roller (4) is positioned at the upstream of the second end of the support plate (2);
the second driving roller (5) is rotatably arranged in the cavity (11), the second driving roller (5) is used for winding the graphene paper (8) coated with the slurry on the support plate (2) and is positioned at the downstream of the first end of the support plate (2) along the conveying direction of the graphene paper (8), and the axis extending direction of the second driving roller (5) is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the graphene paper (8);
a tensioning roller (41) which is positioned between the second end of the support plate (2) and the first driving roller (4);
the support plate (2) is a semiconductor refrigerating sheet, the upper end face of the support plate (2) is a hot end for graphene paper (8) to spread on, the lower end face of the support plate (2) is a cold end, the support plate (2) divides a chamber (11) into an upper area (13) and a lower area (14), the upper area (13) and the lower area (14) are in fluid communication, a bottom plate (102) of the shell (1) is hollow so as to form a channel (15) in the shell (1), and a second communication port (16) for communicating the chamber (11) with the channel (15) is formed in the inner wall of the bottom plate (102) of the shell (1);
a fan (6) is arranged in a channel (15) in a bottom plate (102) of the shell (1), the perforation (12) is an air inlet which is in fluid communication with the fan (6), and an air outlet (17) which is in fluid communication with the fan (6) is also formed in the bottom plate (102).
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: in the slurry, the mass fraction of the polyvinylidene fluoride is 1.31%, and the mass fraction of the N, N-dimethylacetamide is 81.16%; the mass fraction of the activated carbon is 17.53%.
3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the weight average molecular weight of the polyvinylidene fluoride is 290000 ~ 310000.
4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the preparation method of the slurry comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing an adhesive solution: dissolving polyvinylidene fluoride in a formula amount in a part of organic solvent N, N-dimethylacetamide;
(2) Dispersing the formula amount of activated carbon in the rest organic solvent N, N-dimethylacetamide, then adding the adhesive solution in the step (1), and uniformly stirring to obtain slurry;
(3) Stirring the slurry under vacuum to obtain a slurry with a viscosity of 4000N.s/m 2 ~7000N.s/m 2 Is a slurry of (2)。
5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the top plate of the shell (1) is hollow and is in fluid communication with the channel (15), and a first communication port (18) for communicating the cavity (11) with the channel (15) is formed in the inner wall of the top plate of the shell (1).
6. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom plate (102) of the shell (1) is internally provided with a liquid collecting groove (19) positioned at the tail end of the channel (15), and the shell (1) is provided with a liquid discharging pipe (191) communicated with the liquid collecting groove (19) and the outside.
7. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom wall surface of the channel (15) in the bottom plate (102) is an inclined surface (151) inclined towards the liquid collecting tank (19) from top to bottom.
8. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the storage box (3) is fixed relative casing (1) and is set up, and storage box (3) include diapire (30), first lateral wall (32) and second lateral wall (33), the longitudinal section of first lateral wall (32) is the U type and upwards extends from diapire (30) week edge, second lateral wall (33) can set up on two vertical walls (321) relatively of first lateral wall (32) with sliding from top to bottom, diapire (30), first lateral wall (32), second lateral wall (33) enclose jointly into storage box (3), and have the clearance formation between the lower extreme of second lateral wall (33) and diapire (30) leak (31), be equipped with between second lateral wall (33) and first lateral wall (32) and enable the location structure of two relative positioning.
9. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein: a fixing rod (34) is transversely arranged between two vertical walls (321) of the first side wall (32), the second side wall (33) is located below the fixing rod (34), a positioning column (37) capable of movably penetrating through the fixing rod (34) is formed on the upper end face of the second side wall (33), the positioning column (37) is in threaded connection with a nut (35) capable of being placed on the upper end face of the fixing rod (34), the second side wall (33) always keeps downward movement trend under the action of an elastic piece (36), and the nut (35), the positioning column (37), the fixing rod (34) and the elastic piece (36) jointly form the positioning structure.
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