CN112781036A - Concentrated type double-air-regulation rotational flow low-nitrogen combustor provided with central air - Google Patents
Concentrated type double-air-regulation rotational flow low-nitrogen combustor provided with central air Download PDFInfo
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- CN112781036A CN112781036A CN202110189380.8A CN202110189380A CN112781036A CN 112781036 A CN112781036 A CN 112781036A CN 202110189380 A CN202110189380 A CN 202110189380A CN 112781036 A CN112781036 A CN 112781036A
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 148
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000002802 bituminous coal Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 9
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010117 shenhua Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D1/00—Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
- F23D1/02—Vortex burners, e.g. for cyclone-type combustion apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
- F23D2900/01001—Pulverised solid fuel burner with means for swirling the fuel-air mixture
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a concentrated double-air-regulation rotational flow low-nitrogen burner with central air, which comprises: one end of the double-air-regulation swirl nozzle area is communicated to the combustion hearth and comprises a central air channel, a primary air channel, an inner secondary air channel and an outer secondary air channel which are sequentially sleeved from inside to outside; one end of the ventilation air channel is also communicated to the combustion hearth, and the ventilation air channel is also provided with an air volume adjusting valve; one end of the pulverized coal concentration part is provided with a common inlet of pulverized coal primary air, and the other end of the pulverized coal concentration part is respectively communicated with the other ends of the primary air channel and the ventilation air channel. The burner has the advantages of good coal-type adaptability, high combustion efficiency, good stable combustion effect, good low-nitrogen effect, good coking resistance and realization of win-win environmental and economic benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of burners, and relates to a concentrated double-air-regulation rotational flow low-nitrogen burner with central air.
Background
With the change of national electric power and coal markets, in order to improve the economic benefit of enterprises, each power plant aims to search for a coal source with relatively low price, so that the phenomenon that the actual coal quality for combustion is greatly deviated from the designed coal quality occurs. In order to reduce the fuel cost, a part of the bituminous coal power plants begin to mix and burn lignite in large proportion, so that the primary air rate of the burner is far higher than the designed value, the secondary air and primary air are out of balance, and the combustion organization is not good, thereby causing the problems of the increase of the carbon content of the fly ash and the slag of the boiler, the increase of the NOx emission value at the outlet of the economizer, the increase of the CO emission value, the burning loss of the burner, coking and the like. In order to solve the problem of adaptability of the burner across coal types, the invention provides a low-nitrogen burner which can simultaneously burn bituminous coal and lignite in a power plant.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and/or disadvantages and to provide at least the advantages described hereinafter.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a concentrated dual register swirl low NOx burner with a central air.
Therefore, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
be provided with two air regulation whirl low NOx burner of concentrated type of center wind, include:
the double-air-regulation swirl nozzle area is communicated with a combustion furnace chamber at one end and comprises a central air channel, a primary air channel, an inner secondary air channel and an outer secondary air channel which are sequentially sleeved from inside to outside, the central air channel and the primary air channel are respectively provided with respective air volume adjusting valves, and the inner secondary air channel and the outer secondary air channel are respectively provided with respective swirl speed adjusting valves;
one end of the ventilation air channel is also communicated to the combustion hearth and is positioned above the double air regulation swirl nozzle area, and the ventilation air channel is also provided with an air volume regulating valve;
one end of the pulverized coal concentration part is provided with a common inlet of pulverized coal primary air, and the other end of the pulverized coal concentration part is respectively communicated with the primary air channel of the burner and the other end of the ventilation air channel through a three-way pipe fitting.
Preferably, in the concentrated dual-air-regulation swirling low-nitrogen burner provided with the central air, the dual-air-regulation swirling nozzle area includes:
one end of the pulverized coal cylinder is communicated to the combustion hearth, and the other end of the pulverized coal cylinder is communicated with the pulverized coal concentration part;
the central air cylinder is arranged inside the pulverized coal cylinder, and the central air cylinder forms the central air channel;
the inner secondary air duct is sleeved outside the pulverized coal barrel and is positioned close to one end of the pulverized coal barrel;
the outer secondary air duct is sleeved outside the inner secondary air duct;
and the accommodating space between the outer wall of the central air cylinder and the inner wall of the pulverized coal cylinder forms the primary air channel, the accommodating space between the outer wall of the pulverized coal cylinder and the inner wall of the inner secondary air cylinder forms the inner secondary air channel, and the accommodating space between the outer wall of the inner secondary air cylinder and the inner wall of the outer secondary air cylinder forms the outer secondary air channel.
Preferably, the concentrated double-air-regulation swirling flow low-nitrogen burner provided with the central air further comprises:
the central air inlet channel is arranged above the central air cylinder, one end of the central air inlet channel is communicated with the central air cylinder, the other end of the central air inlet channel extends out of the pulverized coal cylinder and is provided with a central air inlet, and the central air inlet is communicated with a hot secondary air source;
the air adjusting sleeve is sleeved outside the outer secondary air duct, one end of the air adjusting sleeve is communicated with the outer secondary air channel and the inner secondary air channel, and the other end of the air adjusting sleeve is communicated with the hot secondary air source.
Preferably, in the concentrated double-air-regulation rotational flow low-nitrogen combustor provided with the central air, a central air inlet regulating baffle arranged in the central air inlet passage forms an air volume regulating valve of the central air passage, inner secondary air axial adjustable blades arranged on the outer wall of the pulverized coal barrel and the inner wall of the inner secondary air barrel form a rotational flow strength regulating valve of the inner secondary air passage, and outer secondary air axial adjustable blades arranged on the outer wall of the inner secondary air barrel and the inner wall of the outer secondary air barrel form a rotational flow strength regulating valve of the outer secondary air passage.
Preferably, the concentrated double-air-regulation swirling flow low-nitrogen burner provided with the central air further comprises:
and the wind measuring device is positioned at the inlets of the inner secondary wind channel and the outer secondary wind channel and comprises an annular pitot tube which consists of two independent mother tubes connected with six radially arranged measuring tubes.
Preferably, in the concentrated double-air-regulation rotational flow low-nitrogen combustor provided with the central air, a ventilation air channel flap valve arranged on the ventilation air channel forms an air volume adjusting valve of the ventilation air channel.
Preferably, in the concentrated double air regulation swirl low-nitrogen burner provided with the central air, one end of the pulverized coal concentrating part is connected with a coal mill through a pulverized coal channel.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
1) the adaptability across coal types is good. The concentration ratio of the pulverized coal concentration part of the burner is adjustable, the high-speed central air quantity and the rotational flow secondary air quantity are respectively adjustable, and the rotational flow strength of the internal secondary air and the external secondary air is adjustable, so that the requirements of coal quality change on air quantity proportioning, ignition and stable combustion can be met and adapted, and the coal-type-crossing adaptability of the burner is enhanced. Meanwhile, the primary air rate of the combustor is adjustable, so that the coal type crossing adaptability of the combustor is greatly improved, the coal type for combustion can be adjusted according to the change of a coal market in a power plant, and the fuel cost is reduced.
2) The low nitrogen effect is good. Because the coal dust airflow is in the air distribution between the high-speed central air and the outer layer rotational flow secondary air, the coal dust presents double-layer flame after catching fire: the inner layer flame is from outside to inside, and the outer layer flame is from inside to outside, the corrugated staggered action of the two layers of flames improves the utilization rate of the oxygen by the pulverized coal, and the pulverized coal is matched with SOFA wind, so that the emission concentration of NOx can be greatly reduced, the ammonia injection amount is reduced, and the operation cost can be reduced; the total reaction amount of the denitration catalyst is reduced, the service life of the catalyst is prolonged, the operation cost of denitration is integrally reduced, and the win-win environment and economic benefits are realized.
3) High combustion efficiency and good stable combustion effect. The central wind is introduced to make the coal powder flow in the ring between the central wind and the inner secondary wind, the coal powder flow is heated by the hot secondary wind, the heating area is greatly increased, which is beneficial to the faster and more precipitation of volatile components in the coal powder, the burner burns quickly and violently and can quickly consume oxygen, the burnout time of the coal powder is relatively prolonged, the carbon content of fly ash is reduced, the anoxic burning time is relatively prolonged, compared with other burners, the burner has high burning efficiency and high stable burning effect, the unburned carbon heat loss of the boiler can be reduced, and the working efficiency of the boiler is improved.
4) Better anti-coking property. The pulverized coal is quickly and violently ignited, and meanwhile, pulverized coal particles are wrapped by the inner secondary air and the outer secondary air and are difficult to break away and throw off to the wall surface of the water wall to cause coking, so that the burner has better coking resistance.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a concentrated dual-air-regulation rotational flow low-nitrogen burner provided with central air according to one technical scheme of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-regulated vortex nozzle area according to one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a concentrated dual-air-regulation swirling low-nitrogen burner provided with central air according to one technical scheme of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention by referring to the description text.
It will be understood that terms such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the present invention provides a concentrated type dual-register swirl low-nitrogen burner with central wind, comprising:
the double-air-regulation swirl nozzle area is communicated with a combustion furnace chamber at one end and comprises a central air channel 1, a primary air channel 3, an inner secondary air channel 5 and an outer secondary air channel 6 which are sequentially sleeved from inside to outside, the central air channel 1 and the primary air channel 3 are respectively provided with an air volume adjusting valve, and the inner secondary air channel 5 and the outer secondary air channel 6 are respectively provided with a swirl strength adjusting valve;
one end of a ventilation air channel 4 is also communicated to the combustion hearth and is positioned above the double air regulation swirl nozzle area, and the ventilation air channel 4 is also provided with an air volume regulating valve;
one end of the coal powder concentration part 2 is provided with a common inlet of coal powder primary air, the primary air wraps the coal powder and passes through the coal powder concentration part 2 to be separated into concentrated-phase coal powder and light-phase coal powder, the concentrated-phase coal powder leads to a primary air channel of a combustion hearth under the action of the primary air, and the light-phase coal powder leads to an exhaust air channel 4. And the other end of the pulverized coal concentration part 2 is respectively communicated with the other ends of the primary air channel 3 and the ventilation air channel 4 through a three-way pipe fitting. In order to improve the performances of wear resistance and high temperature resistance, the pulverized coal concentration part 2, the primary air pipeline and other pulverized coal circulation spaces are lined with ceramics (locally adopting wear-resistant cast steel), and in order to ensure the reliability of ceramic adhesion, a method of combining mechanical fixation and adhesive bonding is adopted in areas with stronger wearing property. The coal powder nozzles (namely the primary air channel 3) and the nozzles of the high-speed central air channel 1 are made of silicon carbide ceramics, and the inner secondary air sleeve and the outer secondary air sleeve are made of 06Cr23Ni 13.
When the invention is used, the air volume adjusting valve arranged on the ventilation air channel 4 can adjust the concentration ratio of the primary air pulverized coal airflow, and the air volume adjusting valve of the central air channel 1 can adjust the central air volume entering the combustion hearth, so that the combustor can adjust the air volume ratio of the primary air, the secondary air and the ventilation air of the combustor according to the coal quality change of bituminous coal and lignite. When the lignite with high water content is combusted, the primary air volume entering a coal mill (the coal mill is communicated with one end of the pulverized coal concentration part 2) is increased due to the increase of coal consumption and the requirement of drying output, the primary air rate reaches 25% -35%, the adjusting opening of an air volume adjusting valve arranged on an air exhaust air channel 4 can be opened to be large, a part of air-powder mixture is sent into a hearth through exhaust air, the primary air rate of a main burner is always kept at a level of about 17%, and the burner can ensure that the ratio of secondary air and primary air of the main burner is kept in a reasonable range only by less secondary air; when the bituminous coal with low moisture is used, the primary air volume entering the coal mill is reduced, the primary air rate of the whole combustor is maintained at the level of 20-30%, and the air volume adjusting valve on the ventilation air channel 4 can be adjusted to be closed to be even to be at the minimum opening, so that the requirements of the primary air and ventilation air nozzle air speed of the combustor are met. When the boiler burns bituminous coal with lower heat value, the primary air rate is increased due to the increase of coal consumption, and the primary air rate of the main burner can be controlled to be kept at a reasonable level by opening the air volume adjusting valve of the ventilation air channel 4.
In addition, the secondary air quantity entering the combustor can be adjusted by adjusting the air quantity adjusting valve of the air regulating sleeve 7 and the central air channel 1 on the combustor, so that reasonable primary air and secondary air proportion is obtained, the primary air rate of the main combustor is always kept at a lower level, the proportion of the secondary air and the primary air of the main combustor is kept in a reasonable range, and the safe, stable and efficient combustion of the main combustor can be ensured; because the primary air rate of the main burner is reduced, the air volume participating in the early combustion of the pulverized coal is less, and the exhaust air is fed from the vicinity of the main burner, the air classification is further strengthened, and the aim of reducing NOx is fulfilled.
Therefore, the present invention has the following effects: 1) because the primary air rate of the combustor is adjustable, the coal type crossing adaptability of the combustor is greatly improved, the coal type used for combustion can be adjusted according to the change of a coal market in a power plant, and the fuel cost is reduced. 2) Because the novel combustor is provided with the high-speed central air, the utilization rate of the oxygen by the pulverized coal is improved, and the novel combustor is matched with SOFA air, so that the NOx emission concentration can be greatly reduced, the ammonia injection amount is reduced, and the operation cost can be reduced; the total reaction amount of the denitration catalyst is reduced, the service life of the catalyst is prolonged, the operation cost of denitration is integrally reduced, and the win-win environment and economic benefits are realized. 3) As the pulverized coal airflow is in the middle between the high-speed central air and the rotational flow secondary air, more volatile components in the pulverized coal are separated out more quickly, so that the combustion is rapid and violent, the combustion efficiency and the stable combustion effect are high, the unburned carbon heat loss of the boiler can be reduced, and the boiler efficiency is improved.
In the foregoing aspect, preferably, the double-register swirl nozzle region includes:
one end of the pulverized coal barrel is communicated to the combustion hearth, and the other end of the pulverized coal barrel is communicated with the pulverized coal concentration part 2 through the three-way component;
the central air cylinder is arranged inside the pulverized coal cylinder, and the central air cylinder forms the central air channel 1;
the inner secondary air duct is sleeved outside the pulverized coal barrel and is positioned close to one end of the pulverized coal barrel;
the outer secondary air duct is sleeved outside the inner secondary air duct;
and the accommodating space between the outer wall of the central air cylinder and the inner wall of the pulverized coal cylinder forms the primary air channel 3, the accommodating space between the outer wall of the pulverized coal cylinder and the inner wall of the inner secondary air cylinder forms the inner secondary air channel 5, and the accommodating space between the outer wall of the inner secondary air cylinder and the inner wall of the outer secondary air cylinder forms the outer secondary air channel 6. Each air channel is communicated to the combustion hearth. As preferred, buggy barrel, center wind barrel, interior secondary dryer and outer secondary dryer can coaxial setting, and the structure is more firm.
In the above aspect, preferably, the method further includes:
the central air inlet channel is arranged above the central air cylinder, one end of the central air inlet channel is communicated with the central air cylinder, the other end of the central air inlet channel extends out of the pulverized coal cylinder and is provided with a central air inlet 111, and the central air inlet 111 is communicated with a hot secondary air source; is communicated with a hot secondary air source through an air box and other structures.
The air adjusting sleeve 7 is sleeved outside the outer secondary air duct, one end of the air adjusting sleeve 7 is communicated with the outer secondary air channel and the inner secondary air channel, the inner secondary air channel is connected with the outer secondary air channel in parallel, and air enters from the air adjusting sleeve 7 to the outer secondary air channel and enters the inner secondary air channel simultaneously. The other end of the air adjusting sleeve 7 is also communicated with the hot secondary air source. One part of secondary air flowing into the combustion hearth flows in through the central air inlet channel, and the other part of secondary air flows in through the inner secondary air channel 5 and the outer secondary air channel 6 after passing through the air adjusting sleeve 7.
In the above scheme, preferably, the central air inlet adjusting baffle 112 disposed in the central air inlet passage forms an air volume adjusting valve of the central air passage 1, the inner secondary air axial adjustable blade 511 disposed on the outer wall of the pulverized coal cylinder and the inner wall of the inner secondary air cylinder forms a swirl strength adjusting valve of the inner secondary air passage 5, and the outer secondary air axial adjustable blade 611 disposed on the outer wall of the inner secondary air cylinder and the inner wall of the outer secondary air cylinder forms a swirl strength adjusting valve of the outer secondary air passage 6. Part of secondary air entering the combustion furnace enters through the central air inlet adjusting baffle 112, and the adjusting baffle 112 controls the direct-current central air quantity. The other part of the secondary air enters through the inner secondary air channel 5 and the outer secondary air channel 6 after passing through the air adjusting sleeve 7. A small amount of inner layer secondary air is used for igniting pulverized coal; and a large amount of outer secondary air is used for supplementing air required by burnt coal dust to be burnt out and enabling the burnt coal dust to be fully combusted. The secondary air of the inner layer and the secondary air of the outer layer have the same rotating direction. The adjusting blades arranged in the inner secondary air channel 6 and the outer secondary air channel 6 can change the rotational flow strength of the secondary air, and the rotating airflow can suck the high-temperature flue gas in the hearth to a pulverized coal ignition area, so that the pulverized coal is ignited and stably combusted.
In the above aspect, preferably, the method further includes:
and the wind measuring device 8 is positioned at the inlets of the inner secondary wind channel 6 and the outer secondary wind channel 6, and the wind measuring device 8 comprises an annular pitot tube and consists of two independent main tubes connected with six radially arranged measuring tubes. The device can be used for leveling the inner secondary air flow and the outer secondary air flow between the combustion hearths during debugging.
In one of the technical solutions of the present invention, preferably, the ventilation air channel 4 flap door 411 arranged on the ventilation air channel 4 forms an air volume adjusting valve of the ventilation air channel 4. The air volume ratio of the primary air and the ventilation air of the burner can be adjusted according to the coal quality change of the bituminous coal and the lignite.
In one embodiment of the present invention, preferably, one end of the pulverized coal concentrating part 2 is connected to a coal pulverizer through a pulverized coal passage. The primary air pulverized coal airflow from the coal mill is accelerated through a section of eccentric reducing pipe, most pulverized coal flows along the inner wall of the outer side of the elbow under the action of centrifugal force, and enters the pulverized coal concentration part 2 under the action of the airflow.
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the following examples are now provided for illustration:
the technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows:
the combustor comprises a high-speed central air channel 1, a high-speed central air inlet 111, a high-speed central air inlet adjusting baffle 112112, a pulverized coal concentration part 2, a primary air channel 3, a ventilation air channel 4, a ventilation air channel flap door 411, an inner secondary air channel 5, inner secondary air axial adjustable blades 511, an outer secondary air channel 6, outer secondary air axial adjustable blades 611, a secondary air adjusting sleeve 7 and an air measuring device 8.
Be provided with two air regulation whirl low NOx burner of concentrated type of center wind, include:
the double-adjusting air swirl nozzle area is communicated with a combustion hearth at one end and comprises: one end of the pulverized coal barrel is communicated to the combustion hearth, and the other end of the pulverized coal barrel is communicated with the pulverized coal concentration part 2 through a three-way component; the central air cylinder is arranged inside the pulverized coal cylinder, and the central air cylinder forms a central air channel 1; the inner secondary air duct is sleeved outside the pulverized coal barrel and is positioned close to one end of the pulverized coal barrel; the outer secondary air duct is sleeved outside the inner secondary air duct; and the accommodating space between the outer wall of the central air cylinder and the inner wall of the pulverized coal cylinder forms a primary air channel 3, the accommodating space between the outer wall of the pulverized coal cylinder and the inner wall of the inner secondary air cylinder forms an inner secondary air channel 5, and the accommodating space between the outer wall of the inner secondary air cylinder and the inner wall of the outer secondary air cylinder forms an outer secondary air channel 6. The double air regulation swirl nozzle area is provided with a central air channel 1, a primary air channel 3, an inner secondary air channel 5 and an outer secondary air channel 6 which are sequentially sleeved from inside to outside, the central air channel 1 and the primary air channel 3 are respectively provided with respective air volume regulating valves, and the outer secondary air channel 6 of the inner secondary air channel 5 is respectively provided with respective swirl strength regulating valves; the central air inlet adjusting baffle 112 arranged in the central air inlet channel forms the air volume adjusting valve of the central air channel 1, the inner secondary air axial adjustable blade 511 arranged on the outer wall of the pulverized coal cylinder and the inner wall of the inner secondary air cylinder forms the rotational flow strength adjusting valve of the inner secondary air channel 5, and the outer secondary air axial adjustable blade 611 arranged on the outer wall of the inner secondary air cylinder and the inner wall of the outer secondary air cylinder forms the rotational flow strength adjusting valve of the outer secondary air channel 6.
One end of a ventilation air channel 4 is also communicated to the combustion hearth, the ventilation air channel 4 is annular and is positioned above the double-air-regulation cyclone nozzle area, and the ventilation air channel 4 is also provided with an air volume adjusting valve; the ventilation air channel flap valve 411 arranged on the ventilation air channel 4 forms an air volume adjusting valve of the ventilation air channel 4.
One end of the pulverized coal concentrating part 2 is provided with a common inlet of pulverized coal primary air, one end of the pulverized coal concentrating part 2 is connected with a coal mill through a pulverized coal channel, and the other end of the pulverized coal concentrating part is respectively communicated with the other ends of the primary air channel 3 and the ventilation air channel 4 through a three-way pipe fitting. The coal powder concentrating part 2, the coal powder channel, the coal pulverizer and the like form a coal powder concentrating device together.
And the central air inlet channel is arranged above the central air cylinder, one end of the central air inlet channel is communicated with the central air cylinder, the other end of the central air inlet channel extends out of the pulverized coal cylinder and is provided with a central air inlet 111, and the central air inlet 111 is communicated with a hot secondary air source.
And the air adjusting sleeve 7 is sleeved outside the outer secondary air duct, one end of the air adjusting sleeve 7 is communicated with the outer secondary air channel and the inner secondary channel, and the other end of the air adjusting sleeve 7 is also communicated with the hot secondary air source.
And the wind measuring device 8 is positioned at the inlets of the inner secondary air channel 5 and the outer secondary air channel 6, and the wind measuring device 8 comprises an annular pitot tube and consists of two independent main tubes connected with six radially arranged measuring tubes.
The flap gate 411 arranged on the ventilation air channel can adjust the concentration ratio of the primary air pulverized coal airflow, and the high-speed central air inlet adjusting baffle plate 112 can adjust the central air quantity entering the combustion hearth, so that the combustor can adjust the air quantity ratio of the primary air, the secondary air and the ventilation air of the combustor according to the coal quality change of the bituminous coal and the lignite. When the lignite with high water content is combusted, the primary air volume entering the coal mill is increased due to the increase of coal consumption and the requirement of drying output, the primary air rate reaches 25% -35%, the opening of the exhaust gas adjusting door can be opened to enable a part of air-powder mixture to be sent into a hearth through exhaust gas, the primary air rate of the main burner is kept at about 17% level all the time, and the burner can ensure that the proportion of secondary air and primary air of the main burner is kept in a reasonable range only by less secondary air; when the bituminous coal with low moisture is used, the primary air volume entering the coal mill is reduced, the primary air rate of the whole combustor is maintained at the level of 20-30%, and at the moment, the exhaust gas adjusting door can be closed to be small or even to be at the minimum opening degree, so that the requirements of the primary air and the exhaust gas nozzle air speed of the combustor are met. When the boiler burns bituminous coal with a lower heat value, the primary air rate of the main burner can be controlled to be kept at a reasonable level by opening the large exhaust gas adjusting door when the primary air rate is increased due to the increase of the coal consumption.
In addition, the secondary air quantity entering the combustor can be adjusted by adjusting the air adjusting sleeve 7 and the high-speed central air adjusting baffle 112 on the combustor, so that reasonable primary air and secondary air proportion is obtained, the primary air rate of the main combustor is always kept at a lower level, the proportion of the secondary air and the primary air of the main combustor is kept in a reasonable range, and the safe, stable and efficient combustion of the main combustor can be ensured; meanwhile, the burner is provided with an air measuring device 8 which is positioned at the inlet of the inner secondary air channel 6 and the inlet of the outer secondary air channel 6, is an annular pitot tube and consists of two independent main tubes connected with six radially arranged measuring tubes, and the device can be used for leveling the inner secondary air flow and the outer secondary air flow among the burners during debugging; because the primary air rate of the main burner is reduced, the air volume participating in the early combustion of the pulverized coal is less, and the exhaust air is fed from the vicinity of the main burner, the air classification is further strengthened, and the aim of reducing NOx is fulfilled.
The burners of a certain 600MW boiler are symmetrically arranged on the front wall and the rear wall and are combusted in a hedging mode. 3 layers of burners are respectively arranged on the front wall and the rear wall, and each layer has 5 burners and 30 burners in total. The original design coal quality of the boiler is Shenhua bituminous coal, the operation at present mainly takes Indonesia lignite as a main part, and a small amount of bituminous coal is doped. The main problems caused by burning lignite coal include: the burning loss and deformation problems of the nozzle of the combustor are serious, and coking of different degrees exists around the nozzle; the pulverized coal airflow has certain combustion hysteresis, high outlet smoke temperature, high re-overtemperature, large water spraying amount of a reheater and the like.
When the brown coal is completely combusted, primary air coal dust airflow from a coal mill is accelerated through a section of eccentric reducing pipe, most coal dust flows along the inner wall of the outer side of an elbow under the action of centrifugal force, after the airflow enters a primary air coal dust concentration part 2, 50% of primary air and 10% -15% of coal dust are separated, the airflow is led to an exhaust nozzle through an exhaust pipe to be directly sprayed into a hearth for combustion, and the rest 50% of primary air and 85% -90% of coal dust are sprayed into the furnace for combustion through the primary air nozzle of the combustor. The ventilation air channel 4 is provided with an electric flap valve 411, the opening degree of the flap valve 411 can be adjusted according to the different proportion of the bituminous coal to be burnt, the concentration ratio is adjusted, the secondary air and the primary air are in the optimal proportion, and the combustor is in the optimal operation condition.
Part of secondary air to the combustor enters through the adjusting baffle 112, and the adjusting baffle 112 controls the direct-current central air volume; the other part of the secondary air enters through the inner secondary air channel 5 and the outer secondary air channel 6 after passing through the air adjusting sleeve 7. The inner secondary air channel 5 is formed by a coal powder channel and an inner secondary air cylinder; the outer secondary air channel 6 is formed by an inner secondary air duct and an outer secondary air duct. A small amount of inner layer secondary air is used for igniting pulverized coal; and a large amount of outer secondary air is used for supplementing air required by burnt coal dust to be burnt out and enabling the burnt coal dust to be fully combusted. The secondary air of the inner layer and the secondary air of the outer layer have the same rotating direction. The inner secondary air channel 6 and the outer secondary air channel 6 are internally provided with adjusting blades, the rotational flow strength of the secondary air can be changed, and the rotating airflow can suck the high-temperature flue gas in the hearth to a pulverized coal ignition area, so that the pulverized coal is ignited and stably combusted.
The structural design of the concentrated double-air-regulation rotational flow low-nitrogen combustor with the high-speed central air gives full consideration to the aspects of abrasion resistance and high temperature resistance. The pulverized coal flowing space of the burner pulverized coal concentration part 2, the primary air channel 3 and the like is lined with ceramic (locally adopts wear-resistant cast steel), and in order to ensure the reliability of ceramic adhesion, a method of combining mechanical fixation and adhesive bonding is adopted in a region with stronger wearing property. The coal powder nozzle and the high-speed central air nozzle are made of silicon carbide ceramics, and the inner secondary air sleeve and the outer secondary air sleeve are made of O6Cr23Ni 13.
The key points of the invention are as follows:
1) the combustor is simultaneously provided with a pulverized coal concentration part 2, a ventilation air methane channel 4 and a high-speed central air channel 1;
2) the concentration ratio of primary air of the combustor is adjustable;
3) the air quantity of the high-speed center of the burner is adjustable.
The concentrated double-air-regulation rotational flow low-nitrogen burner with the high-speed central air has the following beneficial effects:
1) because the primary air rate of the combustor is adjustable, the coal type crossing adaptability of the combustor is greatly improved, the coal type used for combustion can be adjusted according to the change of a coal market in a power plant, and the fuel cost is reduced.
2) The novel burner is provided with the high-speed central air, so that the utilization rate of oxygen by pulverized coal is improved, and the novel burner is matched with SOFA air, so that the NOx emission concentration can be greatly reduced, the ammonia injection amount is reduced, and the operation cost can be reduced; the total reaction amount of the denitration catalyst is reduced, the service life of the catalyst is prolonged, the operation cost of denitration is integrally reduced, and the win-win environment and economic benefits are realized.
3) As the pulverized coal airflow is in the middle between the high-speed central air and the rotational flow secondary air, more volatile components in the pulverized coal are separated out more quickly, so that the combustion is rapid and violent, the combustion efficiency and the stable combustion effect are high, the unburned carbon heat loss of the boiler can be reduced, and the boiler efficiency is improved.
The number of modules and the processing scale described herein are intended to simplify the description of the invention. Applications, modifications and variations of the concentrated dual-register swirl low-NOx burner of the present invention with a central wind will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in various fields of endeavor to which the invention pertains, and further modifications may readily be made by those skilled in the art, it being understood that the invention is not limited to the details shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. Be provided with two air regulation whirl low NOx burner of concentrated type of center wind, its characterized in that includes:
the double-air-regulation swirl nozzle area is communicated with a combustion furnace chamber at one end and comprises a central air channel, a primary air channel, an inner secondary air channel and an outer secondary air channel which are sequentially sleeved from inside to outside, the central air channel and the primary air channel are respectively provided with respective air volume adjusting valves, and the inner secondary air channel and the outer secondary air channel are respectively provided with respective swirl strength adjusting valves;
one end of the ventilation air channel is also communicated to the combustion hearth and is positioned above the double air regulation swirl nozzle area, and the ventilation air channel is also provided with an air volume regulating valve;
and one end of the pulverized coal concentrating part is provided with a common inlet of pulverized coal primary air, and the other end of the pulverized coal concentrating part is respectively communicated with the other ends of the primary air channel and the ventilation air channel.
2. The concentrated dual tone swirl low NOx burner with central air provision of claim 1 wherein said dual tone swirl nozzle zone comprises:
one end of the pulverized coal cylinder is communicated to the combustion hearth, and the other end of the pulverized coal cylinder is communicated with the pulverized coal concentration part;
the central air cylinder is arranged inside the pulverized coal cylinder, and the central air cylinder forms the central air channel;
the inner secondary air duct is sleeved outside the pulverized coal barrel and is positioned close to one end of the pulverized coal barrel;
the outer secondary air duct is sleeved outside the inner secondary air duct;
and the accommodating space between the outer wall of the central air cylinder and the inner wall of the pulverized coal cylinder forms the primary air channel, the accommodating space between the outer wall of the pulverized coal cylinder and the inner wall of the inner secondary air cylinder forms the inner secondary air channel, and the accommodating space between the outer wall of the inner secondary air cylinder and the inner wall of the outer secondary air cylinder forms the outer secondary air channel.
3. The concentrated dual-register swirl low-NOx burner with central air as set forth in claim 2, further comprising:
the central air inlet channel is arranged above the central air cylinder, one end of the central air inlet channel is communicated with the central air cylinder, the other end of the central air inlet channel extends out of the pulverized coal cylinder and is provided with a central air inlet, and the central air inlet is communicated with a hot secondary air source;
and the air adjusting sleeve is sleeved outside the outer secondary air duct, one end of the air adjusting sleeve is communicated with the outer secondary air channel and the inner secondary air channel, and the other end of the air adjusting sleeve is also communicated with the hot secondary air source.
4. The concentrated dual air-adjusting cyclone low-nitrogen burner with central air as claimed in claim 3, wherein the central air inlet adjusting baffle arranged in the central air inlet passage forms an air volume adjusting valve of the central air passage, the inner secondary air axially adjustable blades arranged on the outer wall of the pulverized coal barrel and the inner wall of the inner secondary air barrel form a cyclone strength adjusting valve of the inner secondary air passage, and the outer secondary air axially adjustable blades arranged on the outer wall of the inner secondary air barrel and the inner wall of the outer secondary air barrel form a cyclone strength adjusting valve of the outer secondary air passage.
5. The concentrated dual-register swirl low-NOx burner with central air as set forth in claim 2, further comprising:
and the wind measuring device is positioned at the inlets of the inner secondary air channel and the outer secondary air channel, comprises an annular Pitot tube and consists of two independent mother tubes connected with six radially arranged measuring tubes.
6. The concentrated type dual-register cyclone low-nitrogen burner with central air as claimed in claim 1, wherein a ventilation air passage flap gate provided on the ventilation air passage forms an air volume adjusting valve of the ventilation air passage.
7. The concentrated type double air regulation rotational flow low-nitrogen burner with the central air as claimed in claim 1, wherein one end of the pulverized coal concentrating part is connected with a coal pulverizer through a pulverized coal passage.
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| CN202110189380.8A CN112781036B (en) | 2021-02-19 | 2021-02-19 | Concentrated double-air-adjusting cyclone low-nitrogen burner with central air |
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| CN202110189380.8A CN112781036B (en) | 2021-02-19 | 2021-02-19 | Concentrated double-air-adjusting cyclone low-nitrogen burner with central air |
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| CN112781036B (en) | 2024-09-06 |
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