CN112743111A

CN112743111A - Double-processing-position horizontal type numerical control automatic lathe for shaft workpieces

Info

Publication number: CN112743111A
Application number: CN202110247174.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张承琪; 吴学亮; 王龙
Original assignee: Shandong Hengxing Heavy Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shandong Hengxing Heavy Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-03-05
Filing date: 2021-03-05
Publication date: 2021-05-04

Abstract

The invention is a horizontal numerical control automatic lathe with double processing positions for shaft workpieces, which includes a feeding device, a cutting device, a discharging device and a PLC numerical control system. The cutting device includes a front-type pneumatic permeability ring chuck , the chuck is connected to the bed through the chuck bearing kit and the chuck shell, which can clamp the middle of the shaft workpiece, so that the machining parts of the two ends of the shaft workpiece are exposed to the direction of the center line of the chuck shaft extending to both sides. The chuck is rotatable driven by the motor; the lower part of the cutting area is provided with a tool rest that can be moved laterally and longitudinally driven by two servo motors through a ball screw, and the tool rest is provided with Cutting tool holder. Due to the above-mentioned structural design, the machine tool can be automatically loaded, automatically cut, and automatically unloaded, and both ends of the shaft can be machined at the same time. The cutting efficiency is more than twice that of the ordinary shaft machining machine, and even one person can take care of multiple machines. With this kind of shaft processing lathe, the processing efficiency of shaft workpieces per capita is increased by more than several times.

Description

Double-processing-position horizontal type numerical control automatic lathe for shaft workpieces

Technical Field

The invention relates to a machine tool, in particular to a double-processing-position horizontal numerical control automatic lathe for shaft workpieces, which can be used for simultaneously and automatically processing two ends of a blank shaft workpiece.

Background

With the socialized division and refinement of the machining industry, shaft products in the life such as electromechanics, metallurgy, ships, automobiles, science and technology, medical treatment, agriculture, animal husbandry, fishery and the like are produced; the processing of conventional shaft products such as gear transmission shafts, conveyor belt carrier roller shafts, positioning pin shafts and the like is generally handed to specialized shaft processing factories.

At present, machine tools for machining shaft products in the market are horizontal lathes, the number of the horizontal lathes is three, one is a common horizontal lathe, the other is a horizontal numerically controlled lathe, and the other is a numerically controlled lathe externally provided with a discharging device on the basis of the horizontal numerically controlled lathe. However, in all of the three types of machine tools, one end of the shaft is clamped firstly, one end of the shaft is machined firstly by using one set of cutting device, and then the other end is machined in reverse, so that the machining efficiency is not high.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the problem that two ends of a shaft workpiece cannot be simultaneously machined in the prior art, and provides a double-machining-position horizontal numerical control automatic lathe for the shaft workpiece, which can simultaneously machine two ends of a shaft, automatically feed, position and clamp the shaft workpiece, and automatically unload the shaft workpiece.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a double-processing-position horizontal numerical control automatic lathe for shaft workpieces comprises a feeding device, a cutting device, a discharging device and a PLC (programmable logic controller) numerical control system, wherein the cutting device comprises a front pneumatic permeable annular chuck, the chuck is connected to a lathe bed through a chuck bearing sleeve and a chuck shell, and the chuck can clamp the middle part of the shaft workpiece, so that the processing positions at two end parts of the shaft workpiece are exposed in a cutting processing area of the chuck in the direction of the extension lines at two sides along the axial center line; a driven transmission gear with overlapped shaft center lines is arranged on the chuck and is driven by a motor to rotate; a cutter frame which is driven by two servo motors through a ball screw and can move transversely and longitudinally is respectively arranged below the cutting machining area, and a cutting cutter clamp is arranged on the cutter frame; the PLC numerical control system controls automatic feeding, automatic clamping and loosening of workpieces, automatic cutting and automatic discharging.

The feeding device is arranged on one side of the extending direction of the central line of the chuck shaft, a material plate, a workpiece top plate, a workpiece rolling way and a workpiece moving support groove are sequentially arranged from back to front, the workpiece top plate is driven by a vertical cylinder, the workpiece moving support groove is driven by a workpiece conveying cylinder, a feeding cylinder capable of being pushed towards the chuck direction is further arranged on the upper portion of the outer side end of the support groove, and the feeding cylinder is matched with a limit switch arranged on the other side of the chuck to push shaft type workpieces to reach a clamping station.

The movable bracket is V-shaped, and the bottom of the movable bracket is connected to a push rod of the workpiece conveying cylinder in a supporting mode.

The lifting device is characterized in that a height difference is formed between the front end and the rear end of the material plate, the height difference is enough to enable the shaft workpieces to roll forwards by means of gravity, a lifting shoulder is formed between the front end of the material plate and the rear end of the shaft workpiece raceway, the workpiece top plate is arranged at a hollow-out position of the material plate close to the lifting shoulder, the shape and the size of the workpiece top plate are limited to lifting one shaft workpiece at a time, and when the shaft workpiece is lifted to the top of the lifting shoulder, the shaft workpiece can automatically slide to the moving bracket along the raceway by means of gravity.

More than two workpiece top plates are symmetrically arranged, and the lower parts of the workpiece top plates are respectively connected to corresponding synchronous vertical cylinder push rods.

The movable bracket supporting base is provided with a structure for manually adjusting the height of the bracket support.

The unloading device is arranged on the extension direction of the other side of the central axis of the chuck, is opposite to the loading device, and comprises a V-shaped unloading support groove capable of moving left and right, and an unloading cylinder for supporting and controlling the unloading support groove to move left and right, wherein the edge part of the unloading support groove facing the unloading direction is connected and supported on a push rod of the unloading cylinder, a bulge is arranged at the position of the other side of the unloading support groove, which is inclined to the front end, and a touch structure which corresponds to the bulge and is fixed on the base is arranged, when the unloading support groove reaches the unloading position, the touch structure is matched with the bulge to enable the unloading support groove to overturn towards the unloading direction so that the shaft type workpiece can fall onto the unloading.

The contact structure is a roller connected with a support rod fixed on the base, and the protrusion is a wedge fixed on the side edge of the discharge bracket.

Due to the adoption of the structural design, the machine tool can automatically feed, cut and discharge, can simultaneously process the two end parts of the shaft, has the cutting efficiency more than two times that of a common shaft processing machine tool, even can be used for seeing a plurality of shaft processing lathes by one person, and can improve the processing efficiency of shaft workpieces of a man-made shaft class by more than several times.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an assembled perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of the loading portion of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a front view corresponding to FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line I-I of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a corresponding enlarged perspective view of the discharge portion of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a front view corresponding to FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a left side view corresponding to FIG. 6;

fig. 8 is a perspective enlarged view of a portion of the chuck in the present design.

In the figure, 1, a lathe bed, 2, a base, 3, a material ejecting cylinder, 4, a material ejecting part, 410, a workpiece top plate, 420, a roller path, 430, a material plate, 5, a material loading device, 510, a movable bracket, 520, a workpiece conveying cylinder, 531, a material feeding cylinder, 6, a chuck, 7, a motor, 8, a positioning device, 9, a material unloading device, 910, an material unloading cylinder, 920, a material unloading bracket, 930, a wedge, 940, a roller, 950, a material unloading supporting plate, 10, a workpiece, 11 a tool rest and 12 a tool rest.

Detailed Description

A double-processing-position horizontal numerical control automatic lathe for shaft workpieces comprises a feeding device 5, a cutting device, a discharging device 9 and a PLC (programmable logic controller) numerical control system, wherein the cutting device comprises a front pneumatic permeable annular chuck 6, the chuck 6 is connected to a lathe bed 1 through a chuck bearing kit and a chuck shell, and the chuck 6 can clamp the middle part of the shaft workpiece, so that the processing parts at two end parts of the shaft workpiece are exposed in cutting processing areas of the chuck shaft central line in the directions of extension lines at two sides; a driven transmission gear with overlapped shaft center lines is arranged on the chuck and is driven by a motor to rotate; the lower part of the cutting processing area is respectively provided with a tool rest 11 and a tool rest 12 which are driven by two servo motors through a ball screw and can move transversely and longitudinally, and the tool rest 11 and the tool rest 12 are provided with cutting tool clamps; the PLC numerical control system controls automatic feeding, automatic clamping and loosening of workpieces, automatic cutting and automatic discharging.

The feeding device is arranged on one side of the extending direction of the central line of the chuck shaft, a material plate 430, a workpiece top plate 410 driven by a vertical cylinder, a workpiece raceway 420 and a workpiece moving bracket 510 driven by a workpiece conveying cylinder are sequentially arranged from back to front, the upper part of the outer side end of the bracket is also provided with a feeding cylinder 531 capable of being pushed towards the chuck direction, and the feeding cylinder is matched with a positioning device arranged on the other side of the chuck to push shaft type workpieces to reach a clamping station.

The movable bracket 510 is a V-shaped bracket, and the bottom of the movable bracket is supported and connected to a push rod of the workpiece conveying cylinder.

The front end and the rear end of the flitch are provided with a height difference which is enough to enable the shaft workpiece to roll forwards by gravity, a lifting shoulder is formed between the front end of the flitch and the rear end of the raceway of the shaft workpiece, the workpiece top plate is arranged at the hollow part of the flitch close to the lifting shoulder, the shape and the size of the workpiece top plate are limited to lifting one shaft workpiece at a time, and when the shaft workpiece is lifted to the top of the lifting shoulder, the shaft workpiece can automatically move along the raceway 420 to the bracket to slide down by the action of gravity.

The unloading device 9 is arranged in the extending direction of the other side of the central axis of the chuck, is opposite to the loading device, and comprises a V-shaped unloading bracket 920 capable of moving left and right, an unloading cylinder 910 for supporting and controlling the unloading bracket to move left and right, the edge part of the unloading bracket facing the unloading direction is connected and supported on a push rod of the unloading cylinder, a bulge is arranged at the position of the other side of the unloading bracket 920 deviating from the front end, and a contact structure which is fixed on the base and corresponds to the bulge is arranged, when the unloading bracket reaches the unloading position, the contact structure is matched with the bulge to ensure that the unloading bracket overturns towards the unloading direction so as to ensure that the shaft-type workpiece slides onto the unloading plate by gravity; the contact structure is a roller 940 connected with a support rod fixed on the base, and the protrusion is a wedge 930 fixed on the side edge of the discharge bracket.

In the processing process, shaft processing blank workpieces are transversely stacked at the rear part of a material plate 430, the workpieces roll forwards under the action of gravity, the workpieces close to the front end of the material plate are sequentially abutted together, the workpiece at the foremost end is abutted against a lifting shoulder, a workpiece top plate at the front end part of the material plate moves upwards to just lift the foremost workpiece 10, the workpieces slide into a moving bracket 510V-shaped groove along a rolling way 420 after rising to the highest point, the workpiece is carried by the V-shaped groove and is transversely dragged to move from left to right by a workpiece conveying cylinder 520, the workpiece top plate is reset downwards after triggering stroke limiting, the workpieces are pushed by a feeding cylinder to push a pneumatic chuck 6 from left to right in the feeding V-shaped groove, when the workpieces pass through the center of the pneumatic chuck, the feeding cylinder stops after completing a first contact switch, the workpiece limiting device moves downwards to be in place, the feeding cylinder 531 again pushes the workpieces to move from left to right, after contacting the workpiece positioning device 8 on the right side of the air chuck, the air chuck clamps the workpiece. The workpiece conveying cylinder and the feeding cylinder move leftwards and return to the original positions, the workpiece positioning device rises upwards, and the workpiece top plate lifts the standby workpiece upwards again. And when the spare workpiece slides into the feeding V-shaped groove. The motor drives the air chuck to rotate under the driving of the system. Meanwhile, the system can drive two tool rests carried by two groups of XY-axis servo motors on the left side and the right side of the pneumatic chuck to move. Each tool rest is provided with a plurality of tool positions, and the required process cutting is automatically carried out on two end heads of the workpiece. After the machining is finished, the cutter position is restored to the original position, and a line of the workpiece running transversely is avoided. After the pneumatic chuck loosens the machined workpiece for three seconds, the right unloading bracket 920 transversely moves to the pneumatic chuck from right to left to prepare for receiving materials. After two seconds, the left movable bracket 510 carries the spare workpiece to move from left to right, after the trigger stroke is limited, the workpiece top plate is reset downwards, the feeding cylinder pushes the spare workpiece to eject the machined workpiece from left to right from the pneumatic chuck, and the added workpiece slides into the discharging bracket 920 of the discharging cylinder; and the feeding cylinder stops after the first contact switch is completed, and the workpiece limiting device moves downwards to be in place. After two seconds, the feeding cylinder again pushes the spare workpiece to move from left to right. Meanwhile, the unloading bracket drags the added workpiece and moves from left to right to the rightmost end of the unloading bracket 920, and the rightmost end is provided with an inclined overturning block wedge 930. After the discharging bracket contacts the convex roller 940 of the turning block, the discharging bracket can be turned and inclined towards the discharging support plate 950 towards the right front, the processed workpiece rolls onto the discharging support plate 950 along with the inclination of the discharging bracket to complete the processing, and the rest workpieces can be processed in sequence from this sequence repeatedly until the workpieces are completely processed.

Claims

1. a double machining position horizontal CNC automatic lathe of shaft type workpiece, comprising feeding device, cutting device, unloading device, PLC numerical control system, it is characterized in that described cutting device comprises a front type pneumatic permeability annular Chuck, the chuck is connected to the bed through the chuck bearing kit and the chuck shell, the chuck can clamp the middle of the shaft workpiece, so that the machining parts of the two ends of the shaft workpiece are exposed to the center line of the chuck shaft A cutting processing area extending in the direction of the lines on both sides; the chuck is provided with a passive transmission gear with overlapping shaft centerlines, which is driven by a motor to rotate; under the cutting processing area are respectively provided with two servo motors passing through A tool holder driven by a ball screw that can move horizontally and vertically is provided with a cutting tool holder; the PLC numerical control system controls automatic feeding, automatic clamping and loosening of workpieces, automatic cutting, and automatic unloading.

2 . The horizontal CNC automatic lathe with double machining positions for shaft workpieces as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the feeding device is arranged on one side of the extension direction of one side of the center line of the chuck shaft, and moves from the back to the back. 3 . The front is provided with a material plate, a workpiece top plate driven by a vertical cylinder, a workpiece raceway, and a workpiece moving bracket driven by a workpiece conveying cylinder. The upper part of the outer end of the bracket is also provided with a feeding cylinder that can be pushed in the direction of the chuck. The cylinder can push the shaft workpiece to the clamping station by cooperating with the limit switch located on the other side of the chuck.

3 . The horizontal CNC automatic lathe with double machining positions for shaft workpieces as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the moving bracket is V-shaped, the bottom of which is supported and connected to the push rod of the workpiece conveying cylinder. 4 .

4. The double machining position horizontal CNC automatic lathe for shaft workpieces as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that there is a height difference between the front and rear ends of the material plate, and the height difference is sufficient to make the shaft workpiece roll forward by gravity, A lifting shoulder is formed between the front end of the material plate and the rear end of the shaft workpiece raceway. The workpiece top plate is arranged at the hollow part of the material plate near the lifting shoulder. The shape and size of the workpiece top plate is limited to lifting one shaft workpiece at a time. When the lift reaches the top of the lifting shoulder, the shaft workpiece can automatically slide down the moving bracket along the raceway by the action of gravity.

5 . The horizontal CNC automatic lathe with dual machining positions for shaft workpieces as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the workpiece top plate has more than two symmetrical top plates, and the bottoms thereof are respectively connected to the corresponding synchronous vertical cylinder push rods. 6 .

6 . The horizontal CNC automatic lathe with double machining positions for shaft workpieces as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the movable bracket support base is provided with a structure for manually adjusting the support height of the bracket. 7 .

7 . The horizontal CNC automatic lathe with double machining positions for shaft workpieces according to claim 1 , wherein the unloading device is arranged in the extending direction of the other side of the central axis of the chuck, and is connected with the feeding device. 8 . Relatively, it includes a V-shaped discharge bracket that can move left and right, a discharge cylinder that supports and controls the left and right movement of the discharge bracket, and the side shaft of the discharge bracket facing the discharge direction is connected and supported on the discharge cylinder. On the push rod of the discharge bracket, a protrusion is provided at the position where the other side of the discharge bracket is inclined to the front end, and there is a contact structure fixed on the base corresponding to the protrusion. When the discharge bracket reaches the discharge When in position, the contact structure cooperates with the protrusion enough to make the discharge bracket turn over to the discharge direction, so that the shaft workpiece slides down onto the discharge plate by gravity.

8 . The horizontal CNC automatic lathe with double machining positions for shaft workpieces as claimed in claim 7 , wherein the touching structure is a roller connected by a support rod fixed on the base, and the protrusion is a fixed roller. 9 . Wedge iron on the side of the discharge bracket.