CN112742201A - Method and system for purifying waste incineration flue gas - Google Patents

Method and system for purifying waste incineration flue gas Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112742201A
CN112742201A CN202110164980.9A CN202110164980A CN112742201A CN 112742201 A CN112742201 A CN 112742201A CN 202110164980 A CN202110164980 A CN 202110164980A CN 112742201 A CN112742201 A CN 112742201A
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flue gas
waste heat
sent
waste incineration
deacidification
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吴光明
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Jiangsu Pinde Environmental Science And Technology Co ltd
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Jiangsu Pinde Environmental Science And Technology Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
    • B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D50/00—Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D50/20—Combinations of devices covered by groups B01D45/00 and B01D46/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/06—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds
    • B01D53/10—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds with dispersed adsorbents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
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    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
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    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/54—Nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/56—Nitrogen oxides
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    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
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    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/68—Halogens or halogen compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/81—Solid phase processes
    • B01D53/83—Solid phase processes with moving reactants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/008—Adaptations for flue gas purification in steam generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/003—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes for supplying chemicals to fumes, e.g. using injection devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
    • F23J15/025—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/04—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material using washing fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/20—Reductants
    • B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
    • B01D2251/2067—Urea
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    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/40—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds
    • B01D2251/404—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds of calcium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/60—Inorganic bases or salts
    • B01D2251/602—Oxides
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    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
    • B01D2253/102—Carbon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/60—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
    • F23J2215/10—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
    • F23J2215/20—Sulfur; Compounds thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
    • F23J2215/30—Halogen; Compounds thereof
    • F23J2215/301—Dioxins; Furans
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2217/00—Intercepting solids
    • F23J2217/10—Intercepting solids by filters
    • F23J2217/101—Baghouse type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2219/00—Treatment devices
    • F23J2219/20—Non-catalytic reduction devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2219/00—Treatment devices
    • F23J2219/30—Sorption devices using carbon, e.g. coke
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y02A50/2351—Atmospheric particulate matter [PM], e.g. carbon smoke microparticles, smog, aerosol particles, dust
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/30—Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a system for purifying waste incineration flue gas, which comprise a flue gas waste heat recovery and denitration system, a quenching tower system, a reaction tower system, a dust remover system, a deacidification system and the like. After the waste incineration flue gas is sent to a waste heat recovery and denitration system to recover flue gas waste heat and denitration, the flue gas is sent to a quenching tower system to be rapidly cooled, then sent to a reaction tower system to react, then sent to a deduster system to be dedusted, and finally sent to a deacidification system to be deacidified and discharged after reaching the standard. The method and the system for purifying the waste incineration flue gas have the advantages of good energy conservation and environmental protection, high denitration and deacidification efficiency, obvious effects of effectively inhibiting the secondary synthesis of dioxin, removing dust and heavy metals and the like. The novel method and the system for purifying the waste incineration flue gas have the advantages of energy conservation, consumption reduction, simple operation, good operation economic benefit, direct emission of the flue gas and no pollution to the environment.

Description

Method and system for purifying waste incineration flue gas
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of waste incineration, and particularly relates to a method and a system for purifying waste incineration flue gas.
Background
Along with the acceleration of the urbanization process, the problem of waste accumulation of municipal solid waste is becoming more serious, and the mainstream method for treating municipal solid waste at home and abroad is the incineration method. However, the waste incineration flue gas contains many harmful substances, including heavy metal elements such as smoke dust, SOx, NOx, HCl, HF, lead, mercury, cadmium and the like, and carcinogenic substances such as dioxin, furan and the like. If the treatment of the waste incineration smoke does not reach the standard before the emission, the environment is seriously polluted. At the same time, China promulgates and implements the national construction plan of hazardous waste and medical waste disposal facilities (hereinafter referred to as the plan). At the same time, the people become the formal contracting nation of POPs convention, and the dioxin emission standard is controlled to be 0.5ng TEQ/m for realizing the performance responsibility3Increased to 0.1ng TEQ/m3This requirement is in accordance with the eu standards.
The treatment of the waste incineration flue gas mainly aims at the smoke dust, SOx, NOx, HCl, HF, lead, mercury, cadmium and other heavy metal elements generated by incineration and carcinogenic substances such as dioxin, furan and the like, but the currently disclosed waste incineration flue gas purification treatment device has the defects of no denitration function, low deacidification efficiency, easily exceeding indexes such as dioxin and the like, poor dust removal and heavy metal removal effects, complex process flow and the like.
Therefore, the search and research for a purification treatment device for waste incineration flue gas, which overcomes the above disadvantages and reduces and eliminates the environmental pollution problem caused by the municipal solid waste treatment process as much as possible, has become a new issue in the field of waste treatment of waste such as garbage at present. Particularly, with the rapid development of economy and the increasing shortage of energy resources in recent years, the harmlessness, reduction and recycling of waste treatment such as garbage and the like become a new development direction of the industry at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a system for purifying waste incineration flue gas, aiming at the defects of the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method and a system for purifying waste incineration flue gas are characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: the flue gas is sent to a waste heat boiler and a denitration system to recover the flue gas waste heat and carry out SNCR denitration;
step 2: the flue gas after flue gas waste heat recovery and denitration is sent to a quenching tower system for rapid cooling, and then is sent to a reaction tower system for reaction, and heavy metal and dioxin in the flue gas are adsorbed in the reaction tower;
and step 3: the smoke after absorbing heavy metal and dioxin is sent to a cyclone dust collector and a bag-type dust collector for dust collection.
And 4, step 4: after dust removal by a bag-type dust remover, the flue gas enters a primary washing tower and a secondary washing tower for deacidification.
A method and a system for purifying waste incineration flue gas comprise the following steps: a flue gas waste heat recovery and denitration system, a quenching tower system, a reaction tower system, a dust remover system, a deacidification system and the like. After the waste incineration flue gas is sent to a waste heat recovery and denitration system to recover flue gas waste heat and denitration, the flue gas is sent to a quenching tower system to be rapidly cooled, then sent to a reaction tower system to react, then sent to a deduster system to be dedusted, and finally sent to a deacidification system to be deacidified and discharged after reaching the standard.
The flue gas waste heat recovery and denitration system is used for recovering flue gas waste heat of incineration flue gas and carrying out SNCR denitration.
The quenching tower system is used for rapidly cooling the flue gas.
The reaction tower system is used for adsorbing heavy metals and dioxin in the flue gas.
The dust remover system is used for carrying out cyclone dust removal and cloth bag dust removal on the flue gas.
The deacidification system is used for carrying out primary washing and secondary washing deacidification on the flue gas.
Further, the flue gas in the step 1 enters a waste heat boiler with a membrane wall structure from a secondary combustion chamber, high-temperature flue gas generates saturated steam and recovers heat through the waste heat boiler, and the temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of the waste heat boiler is 550 ℃. A selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) denitration system is arranged at a hearth of the waste heat boiler. And spraying a reducing agent urea solution on a water-cooled wall in a first return hearth of the waste heat boiler under the environment of 900-1050 ℃ to reduce NOx components in the flue gas to generate nitrogen.
Further, the quenching tower system in the step 2 is a concurrent quenching tower. The 550 ℃ flue gas after waste heat recovery and denitration enters a downstream quenching tower, and is quenched by atomized alkali liquor, so that the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to below 200 ℃ within 1s, and the flue gas crosses a temperature range (250-450 ℃) where dioxin is regenerated in a short time, and the regeneration of the dioxin is avoided.
Further, the reaction tower system in the step 2 is a dry reactor. The flue gas after two cooling enters from the bottom of the dry reactor, and SO in the flue gas2The HCl and HF acid gases react with the sprayed lime powder to play a role in deacidification. Spraying about 200 meshes of activated carbon powder while spraying lime powder to adsorb heavy metal and dioxin in flue gas.
Further, the dust remover system in the step 3 comprises a cyclone dust remover and a bag-type dust remover, wherein the cyclone dust remover removes particles larger than 200um in the flue gas, and the bag-type dust remover removes particles smaller than 200um in the flue gas. After deacidification and adsorption by a dry method, the flue gas mixed with the activated carbon powder and the lime powder sequentially enters a cyclone dust collector and a bag-type dust collector. After dust in the flue gas is dedusted by the cyclone dust collector, small particles are adsorbed on the surface layer of a filter bag of the dust collector to form a dust layer, and lime in the dust continuously reacts with acid gas in the flue gas.
Further, after dust removal by the bag-type dust remover, the flue gas adopts the two-stage wet deacidification process in the step 4. The primary wet washing adjusts the temperature of the flue gas from about 180 ℃ to about 80 ℃, and the flue gas enters a secondary washing tower for further deacidification after reaching the optimal temperature section of acid-base reaction; and water in the flue gas is removed by a demister at the outlet of the secondary washing tower.
Has the advantages that:
(1) the device provided by the invention adopts the waste heat boiler to carry out SNCR denitration on the waste incineration flue gas, and simultaneously carries out waste heat recovery on high-temperature sensible heat of the flue gas to produce byproduct steam, thereby greatly saving system energy;
(2) the device provided by the invention is used for purifying waste incineration flue gas, the treatment process and the discharged flue gas are green and environment-friendly, the denitration and deacidification efficiency is high, the secondary synthesis of dioxin can be effectively inhibited, the dust removal and heavy metal removal effects are obvious, and the emission of pollutants such as dioxin is far lower than the strictest environment-friendly emission standard of European Union and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a method and a system for purifying waste incineration flue gas in embodiment 1.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only partial embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
It should be noted that the terms "comprises" and "comprising," and any variations thereof, in the description and claims of this application and the above-described drawings, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Fig. 1 shows a method and a system for purifying waste incineration flue gas, comprising: a flue gas waste heat recovery and denitration system, a quenching tower system, a reaction tower system, a dust remover system, a deacidification system and the like.
After the waste incineration flue gas is sent to a waste heat recovery and denitration system to recover flue gas waste heat and denitration, the flue gas is sent to a quenching tower system to be rapidly cooled, then sent to a reaction tower system to react, then sent to a deduster system to be dedusted, and finally sent to a deacidification system to be deacidified and discharged after reaching the standard.
The waste heat recovery and denitration system is used for recovering and denitrating the waste heat of the flue gas generated by burning the flue gas. The waste heat recovery and denitration system comprises a waste heat boiler 1. The waste heat boiler 1 is of a membrane type water-cooled wall structure, high-temperature flue gas passes through the waste heat boiler 1 to generate saturated steam and recover heat, and the temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of the waste heat boiler 1 is 550 ℃. A selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) denitration system is arranged at a hearth of the waste heat boiler. And spraying a reducing agent urea solution on a water-cooled wall in a first return hearth of the waste heat boiler under the environment of 900-1050 ℃ to reduce NOx components in the flue gas to generate nitrogen.
The quenching tower system is used for rapidly cooling the flue gas. The quench tower system includes a quench tower 2. The quenching tower 2 is a concurrent quenching tower. The 550 ℃ flue gas after waste heat recovery and denitration enters the quenching tower 2 again, and the atomized alkali liquor is used for quenching the flue gas, so that the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to be below 200 ℃ within 1s, and the flue gas crosses a temperature range (250-450 ℃) where dioxin is regenerated in a short time, and the regeneration of the dioxin is avoided.
The reaction tower system is used for adsorbing heavy metals and dioxin in the flue gas. The reaction tower system includes a dry reactor 3. The flue gas after two cooling enters from the bottom of the dry reactor 3, and SO in the flue gas2The HCl and HF acid gases react with the sprayed lime powder to play a role in deacidification. Spraying about 200 meshes of activated carbon powder while spraying lime powder to adsorb heavy metal and dioxin in flue gas.
The dust remover system is used for carrying out cyclone dust removal and cloth bag dust removal on the flue gas. A dust collector system, a cyclone dust collector 4 and a bag dust collector 4. The cyclone dust collector 4 removes particles larger than 200um in the flue gas, and the bag-type dust collector 5 removes particles smaller than 200um in the flue gas. After deacidification and adsorption by a dry method, the flue gas mixed with the activated carbon powder and the lime powder sequentially enters a cyclone dust collector 4 and a bag-type dust collector 5. After dust in the flue gas is dedusted by the cyclone dust collector 4, small particles are adsorbed on the surface layer of a filter bag of the dust collector to form a dust layer, and lime in the dust continuously reacts with acid gas in the flue gas;
the deacidification system is used for carrying out primary washing and secondary washing deacidification on the flue gas. The deacidification system includes a primary wash column 6 and a secondary wash column 7. After dust removal by a bag-type dust remover, the flue gas adopts a two-stage wet deacidification process. The primary washing tower 6 adjusts the temperature of the flue gas from about 180 ℃ to about 80 ℃, and enters the secondary washing tower 7 for further deacidification after reaching the optimal temperature section of acid-base reaction; and water in the flue gas is removed by a demister at the outlet of the secondary washing tower 7.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A method and a system for purifying waste incineration flue gas comprise a flue gas waste heat recovery and denitration system, a quenching tower system, a reaction tower system, a dust remover system, a deacidification system and the like. After the waste incineration flue gas is sent to a waste heat recovery and denitration system to recover flue gas waste heat and denitration, the flue gas is sent to a quenching tower system to be rapidly cooled, then sent to a reaction tower system to react, then sent to a deduster system to be dedusted, and finally sent to a deacidification system to be deacidified and discharged after reaching the standard.
2. The method and the system for purifying the waste incineration flue gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the flue gas is sent into a waste heat boiler with a membrane type water-cooled wall structure, the high-temperature flue gas generates saturated steam and recovers heat through the waste heat boiler, and the temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of the waste heat boiler is 550 ℃.
3. A method and system for cleaning flue gas from waste incineration according to claims 1 and 2, wherein: a selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) denitration system is arranged at a hearth of the waste heat boiler. And spraying a reducing agent urea solution on a water-cooled wall in a first return hearth of the waste heat boiler under the environment of 900-1050 ℃ to reduce NOx components in the flue gas to generate nitrogen.
4. The method and the system for purifying the waste incineration flue gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the quenching tower system is a concurrent quenching tower. And (3) the 550 ℃ flue gas after waste heat recovery and denitration enters a downstream quenching tower, and the flue gas is quenched by atomized alkali liquor.
5. The method and system for purifying waste incineration flue gas as claimed in claims 1 and 4, wherein: the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to be below 200 ℃ within 1s, the flue gas crosses a temperature range (250-450 ℃) for regenerating dioxin within a short time, and the regeneration of the dioxin is avoided.
6. The method and the system for purifying the waste incineration flue gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the reaction tower system is a dry reaction device. The flue gas after two cooling enters from the bottom of the dry type reaction device, and SO in the flue gas2The HCl and HF acid gases react with the sprayed lime powder to play a role in deacidification. Spraying about 200 meshes of activated carbon powder while spraying lime powder to adsorb heavy metal and dioxin in flue gas.
7. The method and the system for purifying the waste incineration flue gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the dust remover system comprises a cyclone dust remover and a bag-type dust remover, wherein the cyclone dust remover removes particles larger than 200um in the flue gas, and the bag-type dust remover removes particles smaller than 200um in the flue gas. After deacidification and adsorption by a dry method, the flue gas mixed with the activated carbon powder and the lime powder sequentially enters a cyclone dust collector and a bag-type dust collector. After dust in the flue gas is dedusted by the cyclone dust collector, small particles are adsorbed on the surface layer of a filter bag of the dust collector to form a dust layer, and lime in the dust continues to react with acid gas in the flue gas.
8. The method and the system for purifying the waste incineration flue gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein: after being filtered by a bag-type dust collector, the flue gas adopts a two-stage wet deacidification process. The first-stage wet washing adjusts the temperature of the flue gas from about 180 ℃ to about 80 ℃, and the flue gas enters a second-stage washing tower for further deacidification after reaching the optimal temperature section of acid-base reaction; and water in the flue gas is removed by a demister at the outlet of the secondary washing tower. The method and the system can ensure that the emission indexes of various pollutants in the smoke generated by incineration are obviously superior to the existing environmental protection standard, and can effectively reduce equipment investment and operation cost.
CN202110164980.9A 2021-02-06 2021-02-06 Method and system for purifying waste incineration flue gas Withdrawn CN112742201A (en)

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