CN112740887B - Peanut picking device capable of realizing fruit and stem separation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a peanut picking device capable of separating fruit stems, comprising a frame, a front wheel and a rear wheel arranged on the frame, the rear wheel being mounted on the frame through a rear wheel support frame, and the peanut picking device further comprising: A soil opener, a driving mechanism, a fruit removal mechanism, a stalk crushing mechanism and a chain transmission mechanism; the soil opener is arranged at the front end of the frame, and the front end of the soil opener is inclined downward, and the rear of the soil opener is sequentially provided with The defruiting mechanism, the stalk crushing mechanism and the driving mechanism are described above. The driving mechanism is respectively connected to the rear wheel and the defruiting mechanism through the chain transmission mechanism. Treatment to achieve fruit stem separation. The invention has the advantages of simple structure and low manufacturing cost, and can realize the picking and threshing of peanuts in small and medium-sized land, reduce the labor degree of labor, and improve the work efficiency and the automation of machinery.

Description

A peanut picking device capable of separating fruit stems

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a peanut picking device capable of separating fruit stems.

Background technique

Peanut, as an important crop in my country, has a wide range of uses and is widely grown in my country. However, the acquisition of peanut fruit requires the tedious process of digging soil, pulling out the rhizome, threshing and picking seeds, which is a labor-intensive physical activity. Now some areas begin to use combine harvesters to harvest peanuts. It is a combined machine specially used for peanut harvesting. The functions of selection, roller chain cleaning, and collection are integrated into one, and the entire operation process is smooth for large areas of land. However, the combine harvester is huge in size, and has relatively high requirements on the flatness of the terrain and the size of the land. The practicability in most rural areas in my country is not very strong, and the harvest rate of peanuts during the harvesting process of the combine harvester is not high. High, the loss of peanuts left in the soil is more. For small plots of land, the combine harvester is very inconvenient to work, and it is necessary to manually pull out the peanuts from the soil, shake the soil off, and pick the peanut fruit from the stem and root. In the process of peanut harvesting, it is often time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the work efficiency is low.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a peanut picking device that can realize the separation of fruit stems. The picking device has a simple structure and low manufacturing cost, and can realize the picking and threshing of peanuts in small and medium tracts of land, reduce the labor level of labor, and improve the work efficiency. efficiency and automation of machinery.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is: a peanut picking device that can realize the separation of fruit stems, comprising a frame, a front wheel and a rear wheel arranged on the frame, and the rear wheel is installed through a rear wheel support frame On the frame, the peanut picking device also includes a soil opener, a driving mechanism, a fruit removal mechanism, a stalk crushing mechanism and a chain transmission mechanism;

The soil opener is arranged at the front end of the frame, and the front end of the soil opener is inclined downward. The rear of the soil opener is sequentially provided with the defruiting mechanism, the stalk crushing mechanism and the driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism is driven by a chain. The mechanism is respectively connected to the rear wheel and the fruit removal mechanism. After the peanut plants are shoveled out by the earth opener, they are processed by the fruit removal mechanism and the stem crushing mechanism in turn to realize the separation of the fruit stems.

Further, the de-fruiting mechanism includes a conveying chain and a fruit box under the conveying chain, a plurality of wheel rollers are arranged inside the conveying chain, the plurality of wheel rollers are distributed in a triangle, and the conveying chain is wound around the plurality of wheels. On the outside of the rollers, a drive shaft is arranged inside one of the wheel rollers, and the feeding port of the conveyor chain is located above the end of the opener;

The inside of the fruit box is rotatably provided with a threshing plate, the bottom of the fruit box is provided with a fruit outlet channel, the inside of the fruit box is provided with a threshing shaft along the vertical direction, the threshing shaft is arranged through the fruit box, and the threshing shaft and the transmission shaft pass through. The chain drive mechanism is connected to the drive mechanism.

Further, the drive mechanism includes a motor and a motor shaft connected to the motor through a reducer, the motor shaft is connected to the rear wheel, the drive shaft and the threshing shaft respectively through a chain transmission mechanism, wherein the threshing shaft and the chain transmission mechanism are connected between the Drive connection through worm gear mechanism.

Further, a plurality of pressing wheels are arranged side by side inside the conveying chain.

Further, the fruit removal tray is in the shape of a fan blade.

Further, the stalk crushing mechanism comprises a crushing box located directly below the discharge port of the conveying chain and a crushing wheel rotatably arranged inside the crushing box, and the crushing wheel is connected to the crushing motor.

Further, the rear end of the rack is provided with a platform for placing the distribution box.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention has a simple structure and low manufacturing cost, can realize the picking and threshing of peanuts in small and medium-sized land, reduce the labor degree of labor, and improve the work efficiency and mechanical efficiency. automation.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention under the first angle;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the present invention under the second angle;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the present invention under the third angle;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the stalk crushing mechanism in the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of defruiting mechanism in the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the pressing wheel in the present invention;

Marked in the picture: 1. Rack, 2. Rear wheel support frame, 3. Rear wheel, 4. Opener, 5. Conveyor chain, 6. Pressing wheel, 7. Breaking wheel, 8. De-fruit tray, 9. Motor, 10. Fruit box, 11. Breaking box, 12. Transmission shaft, 13. Motor shaft, 14. Worm, 15. Rear wheel shaft.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are the present invention. Part of the embodiments of the invention, but not all of the embodiments, based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

A peanut picking device that can realize the separation of fruit stems, as shown in Figures 1-3, comprises a frame 1 and a front wheel and a rear wheel 3 arranged on the frame, and the rear wheel 3 is installed on the rear wheel support frame 2 through the rear wheel. On the frame, the two rear wheels 3 are connected by a rear wheel shaft 15, and the peanut picking device also includes a soil opener 4, a driving mechanism, a fruit removal mechanism, a stalk crushing mechanism and a chain transmission mechanism;

The earth opener 4 is disposed at the front end of the frame, and the front end of the earth opener is inclined downward, and the rear end of the frame 1 is provided with a platform for placing the distribution box.

The rear of the opener 4 is sequentially provided with the de-fruiting mechanism, the stalk crushing mechanism and the driving mechanism. The driving mechanism is connected to the rear wheel and the de-fruiting mechanism respectively through the chain transmission mechanism. After the peanut plants are shoveled out by the opener, the The fruit and stalk separation is achieved through the treatment of the fruit removal mechanism and the stem crushing mechanism in turn.

The fruit removal mechanism includes a conveying chain 5 and a fruit box 10 located under the conveying chain. A plurality of wheel rollers are arranged inside the conveying chain 5, and the plurality of wheel rollers are distributed in a triangle, and the conveying chain 5 is wound around a plurality of rollers. On the outside of the rollers, a drive shaft 12 is arranged inside one of the rollers, and the feeding port of the conveying chain 5 is located above the end of the opener 4; the interior of the conveying chain 5 is also provided with a plurality of pressing wheels 6 side by side . As shown in FIG. 6 , the pressing wheel 6 has a pressing portion in the middle position. As shown in FIG. 5 , the fruit box 10 is provided with a fruit removal tray 8 in rotation. In this embodiment, the fruit removal tray 8 is in the shape of a fan blade. The bottom of the fruit box 10 is provided with a fruit outlet channel. A threshing shaft is arranged in the straight direction, the threshing shaft is arranged through the fruit box, and both the threshing shaft and the transmission shaft 12 are connected to the driving mechanism through a chain transmission mechanism. In this embodiment, the two pressing wheels 6 and the conveyor chain 5 maintain a small gap. During operation, the plants coming out of the soil opener 4 are pressed by the pressing wheels 6 with a small gap to press the stems, and the stems are conveyed along with the stalks. The rotation of the chain 5 is continuously output backwards, so that the peanuts are knocked down by the de-fruiting plate 8 and fall into the fruit box 10, the peanuts are separated through the fruit outlet channel at the bottom of the fruit box 10, and the remaining stalks fall into the rear of the fruit box 10. Inside the crate 11. When the present invention is in operation, the worm 14 located under the disc-shaped fruit box 10 meshes with the worm wheel located directly below the fruit box 10 and connected with the fruit removal shaft to form a worm gear and worm mechanism, thereby realizing the rotation of the fruit removal plate 8.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the stalk crushing mechanism includes a crushing box 11 located just below the discharge port of the conveyor chain 5 and a crushing wheel 7 rotatably arranged inside the crushing box, and the crushing wheel 7 is connected to the crushing motor . When the conveyor chain 5 moves to the back of the pressing wheel 6, the pressure of the peanut stem is released, and the stem falls into the crushing box 11, thereby realizing the separation of the stem and the fruit, and the peanut stem enters the crushing box 11, The crushing wheel 7 is directly connected with the crushing motor. By adjusting the rotation speed of the crushing motor, the stalks can be crushed to different degrees. After being crushed, the stalks fall into the ground and are used as organic fertilizers.

Further, the drive mechanism includes a motor 9 and a motor shaft 13 connected to the motor through a reducer. During operation, the motor drives the motor shaft 13 to rotate, so that the motor shaft 13 acts as a power input shaft to provide original power for the device. Adjustment controls the working efficiency of the entire unit. The motor shaft 13 is respectively connected to the rear wheel 3 , the transmission shaft 12 and the threshing shaft through a chain transmission mechanism, wherein the threshing shaft and the chain transmission mechanism are connected by means of a worm gear and worm mechanism.

Specifically, the motor shaft 13 in the driving mechanism is provided with a sprocket 1 and a sprocket 2, and the sprocket 1 and the sprocket 2 are respectively connected with a sprocket set on the rear axle 15 and the sprocket on the transmission shaft 12 through the chain. connected, the rear wheel shaft 13 and the transmission shaft 12 rotate in the positive direction; the rear wheel shaft 15 is provided with a chain wheel five, and the chain wheel five and the chain wheel seven on the worm 14 are connected by a chain, so that the worm screw 14 is rotated in the forward direction; wherein, The rotation direction of the motor shaft 13 driven by the motor 9 is set to be the positive direction; the device also includes sprocket four and sprocket six arranged on the outside of the transmission shaft 12, sprocket four and sprocket six and four other wheels set on the rollers. The sprockets are connected by a chain to form a transmission chain 5, which realizes rotation in the same direction.

The rear wheel shaft 15 is used as a power input shaft. On the one hand, the vehicle body is started and stopped through the rear wheel support frame 2, and on the other hand, the sprocket 4 on it transmits power to the worm 14 in a chain drive manner. The second sprocket is connected with the fifth sprocket on the transmission shaft 12 in the transmission chain 5, and provides power to the transmission shaft 12. The transmission shaft 12 is used as the power input shaft and is connected with the two sprockets fixed on the other two rollers to form a similar structure. The chain 5 in the shape of a triangular prism continuously moves backward.

The sloping earth opener 4 fixed at the front of the frame 1, when working, the earth opener 4 moves forward continuously with the body to separate the plants from the soil, and the shoveled plants continue to accumulate backwards, speeding up the harvesting process. The speed reduces the influence of the weather on the harvest, and avoids the waste of manpower after the peanuts miss the maturity period. The plant first passes through the vibration of the device to reduce the sticky soil on the surface of the peanuts, and the plants follow the movement of the sprocket 5 for the next step. .

When the present invention is working, it only needs to use the receiving tool next to the fruit box 10 to receive the peanuts, which can not only reduce labor costs, improve the phenomenon of high harvesting and drop rate of existing machines in the market, but also directly pulverize the peanut stems Then as organic fertilizer.

The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of peanut picking device that can realize fruit stem separation, comprises frame and the front wheel and the rear wheel that are arranged on the frame, the rear wheel is installed on the frame by the rear wheel support frame, it is characterized in that: this peanut is picked The device also includes a soil opener, a driving mechanism, a defruiting mechanism, a stalk crushing mechanism and a chain transmission mechanism; The soil opener is arranged at the front end of the frame, and the front end of the soil opener is inclined downward. The rear of the soil opener is sequentially provided with the defruiting mechanism, the stalk crushing mechanism and the driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism is driven by a chain. The mechanism is respectively connected to the rear wheel and the fruit removal mechanism. After the peanut plants are shoveled out by the opener, they are processed by the fruit removal mechanism and the stem crushing mechanism in turn to realize the separation of fruit stems; The fruit removal mechanism includes a conveying chain and a fruit box located under the conveying chain. A plurality of wheel rollers are arranged inside the conveying chain, the plurality of wheel rollers are distributed in a triangle, and the conveying chain is wound around the outside of the plurality of wheel rollers. , one of the rollers is provided with a drive shaft inside, and the feeding port of the conveyor chain is located above the end of the opener; The inside of the fruit box is rotated and provided with a threshing plate. The said threshing plate is in the shape of a fan blade. The bottom of the fruit box is provided with a fruit outlet channel. And the de-fruiting shaft and the transmission shaft are both connected to the driving mechanism through the chain transmission mechanism. 2. a kind of peanut picking device that can realize fruit stem separation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described drive mechanism comprises motor and the motor shaft that is connected with the motor through the speed reducer, and the motor shaft is connected respectively by the chain transmission mechanism To the rear wheel, the drive shaft and the threshing shaft, wherein, the threshing shaft and the chain transmission mechanism are connected by means of a worm gear and worm mechanism. 3 . The peanut picking device capable of separating fruit stems according to claim 1 , wherein a plurality of pressing wheels are arranged side by side inside the conveying chain. 4 . 4. A peanut picking device capable of separating fruit stems according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the stem crushing mechanism comprises a crushing box located directly below the discharge port of the conveying chain and a rotating set A smashing wheel inside the smashing box, the smashing wheel is connected to the smashing motor. 5 . The peanut picking device capable of separating fruit stems according to claim 1 , wherein the rear end of the frame is provided with a platform for placing a distribution box. 6 .

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