CN112717900A - 一种采用化学吸附纤维去除水中锰离子的方法 - Google Patents

一种采用化学吸附纤维去除水中锰离子的方法 Download PDF

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CN112717900A
CN112717900A CN202011604793.XA CN202011604793A CN112717900A CN 112717900 A CN112717900 A CN 112717900A CN 202011604793 A CN202011604793 A CN 202011604793A CN 112717900 A CN112717900 A CN 112717900A
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徐乐昌
周磊
高洁
王攀
吴名涛
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Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Engineering and Metallurgy of CNNC
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Abstract

本发明属于水处理技术领域,具体涉及一种采用化学吸附纤维去除水中锰离子的方法,包括以下步骤:步骤1:将纤维加入水中,再加入硫酸肼和二乙烯三胺,充分反应后过滤,得到改性聚丙烯腈吸附纤维A;步骤2:向改性聚丙烯腈吸附纤维A中加入氯乙酸和Na2CO3进行反应;反应完全后将纤维清洗至中性,干燥后得到改性聚丙烯腈吸附纤维B;步骤3:将改性聚丙烯腈吸附纤维B加入到含锰溶液中,搅拌进行反应。本发明中纤维制备简单、交换容量大,吸附速度快,锰除去率高,可以有效缩短处理周期,与离子交换树脂等吸附剂相比,具有突出的优势。

Description

一种采用化学吸附纤维去除水中锰离子的方法
技术领域
本发明属于水处理技术领域,具体涉及一种采用化学吸附纤维去除水中锰离子的方法。
背景技术
通常所说重金属,主要是指毒性较大的铅、镉、铬、汞以及具有重金属的特征的类金属砷(As)。矿山在开采、冶炼过程中都会造成严重的重金属污染,金属矿山的尾矿和矿渣都是潜在的重金属污染源,在酸雨或者被水、空气中的氧气氧化后,进入到土壤及水源中,同样会带来重金属污染。
化学吸附纤维的研究始于20世纪50年代,随着合成纤维工业的发展,以合成纤维为基体的各种化学吸附纤维材料相继被开发出来。
聚丙烯腈(简称PAN)纤维因其原料丰富,耐光性和耐辐射性优异,价格低廉,故广泛用作化学吸附纤维的基体材料。纤维上的氰基(-CN)很容易进行大分子反应,不仅可以引进多种碱性基团,例如叔胺基、咪唑基、四氢吡啶和季胺基等,制得阴化学吸附纤维,而且也可以转化成羧基(-COOH)制得阳化学吸附纤维。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种采用化学吸附纤维去除水中锰离子的方法,具有交换速率快,选择性强等优点,可以有效缩短处理周期。
本发明的技术方案如下:
一种采用化学吸附纤维去除水中锰离子的方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1:将纤维加入水中,再加入硫酸肼和二乙烯三胺,充分反应后过滤,得到改性聚丙烯腈吸附纤维A;
步骤2:向改性聚丙烯腈吸附纤维A中加入氯乙酸和Na2CO3进行反应;反应完全后将纤维清洗至中性,干燥后得到改性聚丙烯腈吸附纤维B;
步骤3:将改性聚丙烯腈吸附纤维B加入到含锰溶液中,搅拌进行反应。
优选地,步骤1所述的纤维,为丙烯腈和甲基丙烯酸的共聚物,其中丙烯腈质量分数为90~93%,甲基丙烯酸质量分数为7~10%。
优选地,步骤1中,所述的纤维,其纤度为4.4~42.0tex,直径为15~50μm。
优选地,步骤1中,所述的纤维,其密度为1.09~1.15g/cm3
优选地,步骤2中,加入氯乙酸和Na2CO3后,常温反应2~4h。
优选地,步骤2中,将纤维清洗至中性后,在40~50℃下真空干燥。
优选地,步骤3中,所述的含锰溶液浓度为5.0~50.0mg/L,pH=2~7。
优选地,步骤3中,改性聚丙烯腈吸附纤维B的加入量为含锰溶液质量的0.03~0.2%。
优选地,步骤3中,反应时间为1~2h。
优选地,步骤1中,纤维加入水中后,纤维的浓度为0.07~0.1g/ml;硫酸肼和二乙烯三胺的加入量之比为0.67:1,硫酸肼的加入量为纤维加入量的10%;步骤2中,按1.67:1的比例加入氯乙酸和Na2CO3,且氯乙酸与改性聚丙烯腈吸附纤维A的比例为0.5:1。
本发明的显著效果在于:
本发明中纤维制备简单、交换容量大,吸附速度快,锰除去率高,可以有效缩短处理周期,与离子交换树脂等吸附剂相比,具有突出的优势。
附图说明
图1为改性聚丙烯腈吸附纤维B吸附容量随吸附时间变化情况示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图及具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。
一种采用化学吸附纤维去除水中锰离子的方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1:将纤维加入水中,纤维的浓度为0.07~0.1g/ml,再加入硫酸肼和二乙烯三胺,硫酸肼和二乙烯三胺的加入量之比为0.67:1,硫酸肼的加入量为纤维加入量的10%,充分反应后过滤,得到改性聚丙烯腈吸附纤维A;所述的纤维,为丙烯腈和甲基丙烯酸的共聚物,其中丙烯腈质量分数为90~93%,甲基丙烯酸质量分数为7~10%;其纤度为4.4~42.0tex,直径为15~50μm;其密度为1.09~1.15g/cm3
步骤2:向改性聚丙烯腈吸附纤维A中按1.67:1的比例加入氯乙酸和Na2CO3进行反应,且氯乙酸与改性聚丙烯腈吸附纤维A的比例为0.5:1;常温反应2~4h;反应完全后将纤维清洗至中性,在40~50℃下真空干燥后,得到改性聚丙烯腈吸附纤维B;
步骤3:将改性聚丙烯腈吸附纤维B加入到含锰溶液中,搅拌进行反应;所述的含锰溶液浓度为5.0~50.0mg/L,pH=2~7;改性聚丙烯腈吸附纤维B的加入量为含锰溶液质量的0.03~0.2%;反应时间为1~2h。
如图1所示,采用本发明方法处理50mg/L的含锰溶液,15min基本达到吸附平衡,吸附60min时,吸附率达到95%以上,吸附容量达到1.02mmol/g。
实施例1
一种采用化学吸附纤维去除水中锰离子的方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1:取10g直径35μm的纤维,纤维为丙烯腈和甲基丙烯酸的共聚物,丙烯腈质量分数为92.6%,甲基丙烯酸质量分数为7.4%,纤度为12.0tex,密度为1.12g/cm3;将纤维加入100ml水中,再加入1g硫酸肼和1.5g二乙烯三胺,充分反应,过滤得到改性聚丙烯腈吸附纤维A;
步骤2:加入5g氯乙酸和3g Na2CO3,保持pH=7.5,常温反应2h后,将纤维清洗至中性,在50℃下真空干燥,得到改性聚丙烯腈吸附纤维B;
步骤3:取50mg/L的含锰溶液200mL,溶液pH=6.4,加入0.172g改性聚丙烯腈吸附纤维B,机械搅拌反应1h。
测定溶液中锰离子浓度降低至1.82mg/L,去除率达到96.4%,吸附纤维吸附容量达到1.02mmol/g。
实施例2
一种采用化学吸附纤维去除水中锰离子的方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1:取8g直径25μm的纤维,纤维为丙烯腈和甲基丙烯酸的共聚物,丙烯腈质量分数为95.2%,甲基丙烯酸质量分数为4.8%,纤度为24.0tex,密度为1.07g/cm3;将纤维加入120ml水中,加入0.8g硫酸肼和1.2g二乙烯三胺,充分反应,过滤得到改性聚丙烯腈吸附纤维A;
步骤2:加入4g氯乙酸和2.4gNa2CO3,保持pH=8.2,常温反应3h后,将纤维清洗至中性,在50℃下真空干燥,得到改性聚丙烯腈吸附纤维B;
步骤3:取26.4mg/L的含锰溶液250mL,溶液pH=5.5,加0.121g改性聚丙烯腈吸附纤维B,机械搅拌反应1h。
测定溶液中锰离子浓度降低至1.53mg/L,去除率达到94.2%,吸附纤维吸附容量达到0.93mmol/g。

Claims (10)

1.一种采用化学吸附纤维去除水中锰离子的方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
步骤1:将纤维加入水中,再加入硫酸肼和二乙烯三胺,充分反应后过滤,得到改性聚丙烯腈吸附纤维A;
步骤2:向改性聚丙烯腈吸附纤维A中加入氯乙酸和Na2CO3进行反应;反应完全后将纤维清洗至中性,干燥后得到改性聚丙烯腈吸附纤维B;
步骤3:将改性聚丙烯腈吸附纤维B加入到含锰溶液中,搅拌进行反应。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种采用化学吸附纤维去除水中锰离子的方法,其特征在于:步骤1所述的纤维,为丙烯腈和甲基丙烯酸的共聚物,其中丙烯腈质量分数为90~93%,甲基丙烯酸质量分数为7~10%。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种采用化学吸附纤维去除水中锰离子的方法,其特征在于:步骤1中,所述的纤维,其纤度为4.4~42.0tex,直径为15~50μm。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种采用化学吸附纤维去除水中锰离子的方法,其特征在于:步骤1中,所述的纤维,其密度为1.09~1.15g/cm3
5.如权利要求1所述的一种采用化学吸附纤维去除水中锰离子的方法,其特征在于:步骤2中,加入氯乙酸和Na2CO3后,常温反应2~4h。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种采用化学吸附纤维去除水中锰离子的方法,其特征在于:步骤2中,将纤维清洗至中性后,在40~50℃下真空干燥。
7.如权利要求1所述的一种采用化学吸附纤维去除水中锰离子的方法,其特征在于:步骤3中,所述的含锰溶液浓度为5.0~50.0mg/L,pH=2~7。
8.如权利要求1所述的一种采用化学吸附纤维去除水中锰离子的方法,其特征在于:步骤3中,改性聚丙烯腈吸附纤维B的加入量为含锰溶液质量的0.03~0.2%。
9.如权利要求1所述的一种采用化学吸附纤维去除水中锰离子的方法,其特征在于:步骤3中,反应时间为1~2h。
10.如权利要求1所述的一种采用化学吸附纤维去除水中锰离子的方法,其特征在于:步骤1中,纤维加入水中后,纤维的浓度为0.07~0.1g/ml;硫酸肼和二乙烯三胺的加入量之比为0.67:1,硫酸肼的加入量为纤维加入量的10%;步骤2中,按1.67:1的比例加入氯乙酸和Na2CO3,且氯乙酸与改性聚丙烯腈吸附纤维A的比例为0.5:1。
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