CN112708471A - Efficient coal gasification reaction device and efficient coal gasification reaction method - Google Patents
Efficient coal gasification reaction device and efficient coal gasification reaction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112708471A CN112708471A CN201911025122.5A CN201911025122A CN112708471A CN 112708471 A CN112708471 A CN 112708471A CN 201911025122 A CN201911025122 A CN 201911025122A CN 112708471 A CN112708471 A CN 112708471A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/50—Fuel charging devices
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/723—Controlling or regulating the gasification process
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/725—Redox processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
- C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
- C10J2200/152—Nozzles or lances for introducing gas, liquids or suspensions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/093—Coal
- C10J2300/0936—Coal fines for producing producer gas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0956—Air or oxygen enriched air
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-efficiency coal gasification reaction device, which comprises: the system comprises a coal gasification gasifier, at least one oxygen coal gun and at least one cyclone separator; the coal gasification gasifier comprises a gasifier upper space and a gasifier lower coke filling area which are distributed up and down; the oxygen coal gun comprises an oxygen coal gun gas inlet, an oxygen coal gun upper space, an oxygen coal gun gas reducer upper part, an oxygen coal gun gas reducer middle part, an oxygen coal gun gas reducer lower part, a coal gun mixed material reducer upper part, an oxygen coal gun mixed material middle part, an oxygen coal gun mixed material lower part and an oxygen coal gun mixed material outlet, and all adjacent parts are communicated; the oxygen coal gun material mixing area is provided with at least one gasified pulverized coal inlet. By using the high-efficiency coal gasification reaction device and the method, the coal gasification reaction can greatly reduce the agent consumption, effectively improve the reaction efficiency and the carbon conversion rate, obtain the synthesis gas with high effective gas components, and have wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal gasification, and particularly relates to an efficient coal gasification reaction device and an efficient coal gasification reaction method.
Background
Coal is an important energy source, and is used in a direct combustion mode, but the direct combustion mode causes low utilization rate of the coal and can pollute the environment. Therefore, a coal gasification technology, namely coal gasification, has emerged, which means that coal is gasified and converted into coal gas in a specific device under a certain temperature and pressure, so as to improve the utilization rate of coal and reduce the environmental pollution.
Conventionally, various coal gasification technologies and systems including a fixed bed, a fluidized bed, and an entrained flow bed have been studied in order to efficiently produce combustible gas by coal gasification. The related equipment is more, the energy consumption is large, the flow is long, and the energy conversion rate of the system is low.
High energy consumption and accumulated CO in the process in the gasification technology taking coal gasification as a core2Large discharge amount and the like. Cause CO2The reasons for large discharge and high energy consumption are mainly that the raw material and the gasifying agent in coal gasification are not fully contacted and the generated high-temperature gas cannot be effectively and fully utilized, and a large amount of energy is consumed in the conversion process.
Therefore, there is still a need in the art for better coal gasification technologies.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the existing coal gasification technology, the present invention provides an efficient coal gasification reaction apparatus and an efficient coal gasification reaction method, which can greatly reduce the agent consumption of the coal gasification reaction, effectively improve the reaction efficiency and carbon conversion rate, and obtain the synthesis gas with high effective gas content.
In order to solve the above technical problem, a first aspect of the present invention provides an efficient coal gasification reaction apparatus, wherein the apparatus comprises:
a coal gasification furnace 19, at least one oxygen coal gun 4 and at least one cyclone separator;
the gasification furnace 19 comprises a gasification furnace upper space 3 and a gasification furnace lower coke filling area 6 which are distributed up and down, the gasification furnace upper space 3 is communicated with the inside of the gasification furnace lower coke filling area 6, and the oxygen coal gun 4 is communicated with the gasification furnace upper space 3 at the upper part of the gasification furnace 19; the cyclone separator is communicated with a coke filling area 6 at the lower part of the gasification furnace; according to the material inflow direction, the oxygen coal gun 4 comprises an oxygen coal gun gas inlet 17, an oxygen coal gun upper space 7, an oxygen coal gun gas reducer upper part 8, an oxygen coal gun gas reducer middle part 9, an oxygen coal gun gas reducer lower part 10, a coal gun mixed material reducer upper part 12, an oxygen coal gun mixed material middle part 13, an oxygen coal gun mixed material lower part 14 and an oxygen coal gun mixed material outlet, and all adjacent parts are communicated; the oxygen coal gun gas reducing pipe lower part 10 and the coal gun mixed material reducing pipe upper part 12 are communicated to form an oxygen coal gun material mixing area 18, the oxygen coal gun material mixing area 18 is provided with at least one gasified pulverized coal inlet, and when the gasified pulverized coal inlets are multiple, the multiple gasified pulverized coal inlets are arranged in the same plane and different axes.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the gasification furnace 19 may be cylindrical, and preferably, the ratio of the volume of the upper space 3 of the gasification furnace to the volume of the lower coke-filled region 6 of the gasification furnace in the gasification furnace 19 is 1-3: 10.
In certain embodiments of the invention, the high efficiency coal gasification reactor comprises two cyclones, cyclone 16A and cyclone 16B.
In the embodiment of the invention, the number of the oxygen coal guns is 2n, n is a natural number larger than 0, and the oxygen coal guns 4 are preferably arranged oppositely, and have an included angle of 5-45 degrees with the vertical direction and an included angle of 0-30 degrees with the horizontal direction.
In the embodiment of the invention, the included angle between the upper part 8 of the oxygen coal gun gas reducer in the oxygen coal gun 4 and the vertical direction is 10-65 degrees, and the diameter of the middle part 9 of the oxygen coal gun gas reducer is 1/10-1/4 of the upper space 7 of the oxygen coal gun.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the oxy-coal lance material mixing zone 18 is provided with 2n gasified fine coal inlets, n being a natural number greater than 0, for example, the oxy-coal lance material mixing zone 18 is provided with 2 gasified fine coal inlets, a gasified fine coal inlet 11A and a gasified fine coal inlet 11B; the distance between the shafts of the adjacent gasified pulverized coal inlets is 1/10-1/4 of the diameter of the cavity of the material mixing area 18 of the oxygen coal gun.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the gas and the pulverized coal are mixed by the oxygen coal gun to form a jet mixture, and the jet mixture is introduced into the gasification furnace 19, and the jet mixture is collected to form a jet collision central region (shown as region 5 in fig. 1), where remixing, combustion and gasification are performed, thereby completing the gasification reaction.
In the embodiment of the invention, the lower part 14 of the oxygen-coal gun mixed material is close to the outlet end of the oxygen-coal gun mixed material and is in an outward expansion shape, and the included angle between the expansion section and the vertical direction is 5-45 degrees.
The second aspect of the present invention further provides an efficient coal gasification reaction method, wherein the method using the above efficient coal gasification reaction apparatus includes the following steps:
(a) gas enters an oxygen coal gun 4 from an oxygen coal gun inlet 17, is accelerated by the upper part 8 of an oxygen coal gun gas reducing pipe and the middle part 9 of the oxygen coal gun gas reducing pipe, then is accelerated by the lower part 10 of an oxygen coal gun gas reducing pipe, and then enters an oxygen coal gun material mixing area 18;
(b) the gas entering the oxygen coal gun material mixing area 18 is highly mixed with the material entering the oxygen coal gun material mixing area 18 through the gas pulverized coal inlets which are not coaxial on the same plane, and then is accelerated and atomized through the upper part 12 of the oxygen coal gun mixed material reducer, the middle part 13 of the oxygen coal gun mixed material and the lower part 14 of the oxygen coal gun mixed material to form a jet flow mixture (shown as 15 in the attached drawing);
(c) the jet flow mixture enters a coal gasification furnace 19 from an oxygen coal gun mixing outlet, remixing, burning and gasifying are carried out in a jet flow collision central area, high-temperature oxidizing gas is reduced again after gasified high-temperature gas passes through a coke filling area 6 at the lower part of the gasification furnace, and then synthesis gas is obtained after separation through at least one cyclone separator.
In the embodiment of the invention, in order to further improve the contact sufficiency and reaction efficiency of the materials, the apparent linear speed of the gas of the oxygen coal gun 4 after passing through the upper part 8 of the oxygen coal gun gas reducer and the lower part 10 of the oxygen coal gun gas reducer is increased to 4-10 times, and the apparent linear speed of the material of the oxygen coal gun material mixing area 18 in the oxygen coal gun 4 after passing through the upper part 12 of the oxygen coal gun mixed material reducer, the middle part 13 of the oxygen coal gun mixed material and the lower part 14 of the oxygen coal gun mixed material is increased to 4-20 times.
In the present invention, the inventors found that selecting pulverized coal of an appropriate particle size can improve the reaction efficiency. In the embodiment of the invention, the particle size of the pulverized coal in the coal gasification furnace 19 is 10-1000 μm, the content of particles below 50 μm is not more than 10%, and the content of particles above 850 μm is not more than 10%.
In the embodiment of the invention, the pressure in the coal gasification gasifier 19 can be 0-5 MPa, the oxygen-enriched air can be 5-10%, the water vapor content can be 5-50%, the temperature of the central collision region of the jet flow in the upper space 3 of the gasifier can be 1200-1600 ℃, and the temperature of the coke filling region 6 can be 900-1300 ℃.
According to the high-efficiency coal gasification reaction device and the coal gasification reaction method, the combined device of the oxygen coal gun, the combustion zone and the gasification zone is adopted, and the oxygen coal gun is arranged in different areas, so that the rotational flow in the reactor can be strengthened, the mass transfer and the heat transfer are increased, the gasification combustion and gasification progress is effectively increased, the agent consumption is greatly reduced, the reaction efficiency and the carbon conversion rate can be effectively improved, the effective gas component is high, and the high-efficiency coal gasification reaction device and the coal gasification reaction method can be applied to the industrial production of high-efficiency coal gasification.
Drawings
The invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an efficient coal gasification apparatus and a flow chart according to an embodiment of the present invention (arrows indicate material/energy flow directions);
FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of an oxygen-coal gun in the high-efficiency gasification apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the pulverized coal inlet of the oxy-coal gun of FIG. 2;
in the figure, 1A and 1B are ash; 2A and 2B are synthesis gas; 3 is the upper space of the gasification furnace; 4 is an oxygen coal gun; 5 is a jet collision central area; 6 is a coke filling area at the lower part of the gasification furnace; 7 is the upper space of the oxygen coal gun; 8 is the upper part of the oxygen coal gun gas reducing pipe; 9 is the middle part of the oxygen coal gun gas reducing pipe; 10 is the lower part of the oxygen coal gun gas reducing pipe; 11A and 11B are gasification pulverized coal inlets; 12 oxygen coal gun mixed material reducing pipe upper part; 13 is the middle part of the oxygen coal gun mixed material; 14 is the lower part of the oxygen coal gun mixed material; 15 is a jet mixture; 16A and 16B are cyclone separators; 17 is an oxygen coal gun gas inlet; 18 is an oxygen coal gun material mixing area; 19 is a coal gasification furnace.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings. However, before the invention is described in detail, it is to be understood that this invention is not limited to particular embodiments described. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting.
In the present invention, the raw materials or components used may be commercially or conventionally prepared unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, an apparatus for high efficiency coal gasification reaction, the apparatus comprising:
a coal gasification furnace 19, an oxygen coal gun 4, a cyclone separator 16A and a cyclone separator 16B;
the gasification furnace 19 comprises a gasification furnace upper space 3 and a gasification furnace lower coke filling area 6 which are distributed up and down, the gasification furnace upper space 3 is communicated with the inside of the gasification furnace lower coke filling area 6, and the oxygen coal gun 4 is communicated with the gasification furnace upper space 3 at the upper part of the gasification furnace 19; the cyclone separator is communicated with a coke filling area 6 at the lower part of the gasification furnace; according to the material inflow direction, the oxygen coal gun 4 comprises an oxygen coal gun gas inlet 17, an oxygen coal gun upper space 7, an oxygen coal gun gas reducer upper part 8, an oxygen coal gun gas reducer middle part 9, an oxygen coal gun gas reducer lower part 10, a coal gun mixed material reducer upper part 12, an oxygen coal gun mixed material middle part 13, an oxygen coal gun mixed material lower part 14 and an oxygen coal gun mixed material outlet, and all adjacent parts are communicated; the lower part 10 of the oxygen coal gun gas reducing pipe is communicated with the upper part 12 of the coal gun mixed material reducing pipe to form an oxygen coal gun material mixing area 18, the oxygen coal gun material mixing area 18 is provided with a gasified pulverized coal inlet 11A and a gasified pulverized coal inlet 11B, and the gasified pulverized coal inlets are arranged on the same plane and different axes.
The coal gasification furnace 19 may be cylindrical, and the volume ratio of the upper space 3 of the coal gasification furnace to the coke filling zone 6 at the lower part of the coal gasification furnace in the coal gasification furnace 19 is 3: 10.
The number of the oxygen coal guns is 2, the oxygen coal guns 4 are arranged oppositely, the included angle between the oxygen coal guns and the vertical direction is 45 degrees, and the included angle between the oxygen coal guns and the horizontal direction is 15 degrees. The included angle between the upper part 8 of the oxygen coal gun gas reducing pipe in the oxygen coal gun 4 and the vertical direction is 65 degrees, and the diameter of the middle part 9 of the oxygen coal gun gas reducing pipe is 1/10 of the upper space 7 of the oxygen coal gun. The distance between the shafts of the adjacent gasified pulverized coal inlets is 1/10 of the diameter of the cavity of the material mixing area 18 of the oxygen coal gun. The lower part 14 of the oxygen coal gun mixed material is close to the mixed material outlet end of the oxygen coal gun and is in an outward expansion shape, and the included angle between the expansion section and the vertical direction is 15 degrees.
The gas and pulverized coal are mixed by an oxygen coal gun to form a jet mixture (shown as an area 15 in fig. 2) and enter a coal gasification gasifier 19, and a jet collision central area (shown as an area 5 in fig. 1) is formed in a jet mixture gathering area, so that remixing, combustion and gasification are carried out, and gasification reaction is completed.
An efficient coal gasification reaction method comprises the following steps:
(a) gas enters an oxygen coal gun 4 from an oxygen coal gun inlet 17, is accelerated by the upper part 8 of an oxygen coal gun gas reducing pipe and the middle part 9 of the oxygen coal gun gas reducing pipe, then is accelerated by the lower part 10 of an oxygen coal gun gas reducing pipe, and then enters an oxygen coal gun material mixing area 18; the apparent linear speed of the gas of the oxygen coal gun 4 is increased to 10 times after passing through the upper part 8 of the oxygen coal gun gas reducing pipe and the lower part 10 of the oxygen coal gun gas reducing pipe.
(b) The gas entering the oxygen coal gun material mixing area 18 is highly mixed with the material entering the oxygen coal gun material mixing area 18 through the gas pulverized coal inlets which are not coaxial on the same plane, and then is accelerated and atomized through the upper part 12 of the oxygen coal gun mixed material reducer, the middle part 13 of the oxygen coal gun mixed material and the lower part 14 of the oxygen coal gun mixed material to form a jet flow mixture (shown as 15 in the attached drawing); the material in the oxygen coal gun material mixing area 18 in the oxygen coal gun 4 passes through the upper part 12 of the oxygen coal gun mixed material reducer; the apparent linear speed of the oxygen-coal gun mixed material 13 and the lower part 14 of the oxygen-coal gun mixed material is increased to 10 times.
(c) The jet flow mixture enters a coal gasification furnace 19 from an oxygen coal gun mixing outlet, remixing, burning and gasifying are carried out in a jet flow collision central area, high-temperature oxidizing gas is reduced again after gasified high-temperature gas passes through a coke filling area 6 at the lower part of the gasification furnace, and then synthesis gas is obtained after separation through at least one cyclone separator.
The particle size of the pulverized coal entering the coal gasification furnace 19 is 500 microns, the pressure of the gasification furnace is 5MPa, the oxygen-enriched air is 10%, the water vapor content is 10%, the temperature of a jet collision central area 5 of the upper space 3 of the gasification furnace is 1600 ℃, the temperature of a coke filling area 6 is 1300 ℃, the carbon conversion rate is 95% through detection, the effective gas component of the gasification furnace is 75%, the heat utilization rate is high, and the operation stability is greatly improved.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, an apparatus for high efficiency coal gasification reaction, the apparatus comprising:
a coal gasification furnace 19, an oxygen coal gun 4, a cyclone separator 16A and a cyclone separator 16B;
the gasification furnace 19 comprises a gasification furnace upper space 3 and a gasification furnace lower coke filling area 6 which are distributed up and down, the gasification furnace upper space 3 is communicated with the inside of the gasification furnace lower coke filling area 6, and the oxygen coal gun 4 is communicated with the gasification furnace upper space 3 at the upper part of the gasification furnace 19; the cyclone separator is communicated with a coke filling area 6 at the lower part of the gasification furnace; according to the material inflow direction, the oxygen coal gun 4 comprises an oxygen coal gun gas inlet 17, an oxygen coal gun upper space 7, an oxygen coal gun gas reducer upper part 8, an oxygen coal gun gas reducer middle part 9, an oxygen coal gun gas reducer lower part 10, a coal gun mixed material reducer upper part 12, an oxygen coal gun mixed material middle part 13, an oxygen coal gun mixed material lower part 14 and an oxygen coal gun mixed material outlet, and all adjacent parts are communicated; the lower part 10 of the oxygen coal gun gas reducing pipe is communicated with the upper part 12 of the coal gun mixed material reducing pipe to form an oxygen coal gun material mixing area 18, the oxygen coal gun material mixing area 18 is provided with a gasified pulverized coal inlet 11A and a gasified pulverized coal inlet 11B, and the gasified pulverized coal inlets are arranged on the same plane and different axes.
The coal gasification furnace 19 can be cylindrical, and the volume ratio of the upper space 3 of the coal gasification furnace to the coke filling area 6 at the lower part of the coal gasification furnace in the coal gasification furnace 19 is 2: 10.
The number of the oxygen coal guns is 4, the oxygen coal guns 4 are arranged oppositely, the included angle between the oxygen coal guns and the vertical direction is 35 degrees, and the included angle between the oxygen coal guns and the horizontal direction is 25 degrees. The included angle between the upper part 8 of the oxygen coal gun gas reducing pipe in the oxygen coal gun 4 and the vertical direction is 45 degrees, and the diameter of the middle part 9 of the oxygen coal gun gas reducing pipe is 1/5 of the upper space 7 of the oxygen coal gun. The distance between the shafts of the adjacent gasified pulverized coal inlets is 1/5 of the diameter of the cavity of the material mixing area 18 of the oxygen coal gun. The lower part 14 of the oxygen coal gun mixed material is close to the mixing outlet end of the oxygen coal gun and is in an outward expansion shape, and the included angle between the expansion section and the vertical direction is 30 degrees.
The gas and pulverized coal are mixed by an oxygen coal gun to form a jet mixture (shown as an area 15 in fig. 2) and enter a coal gasification gasifier 19, and a jet collision central area (shown as an area 5 in fig. 1) is formed in a jet mixture gathering area, so that remixing, combustion and gasification are carried out, and gasification reaction is completed.
An efficient coal gasification reaction method comprises the following steps:
(a) gas enters an oxygen coal gun 4 from an oxygen coal gun inlet 17, is accelerated by the upper part 8 of an oxygen coal gun gas reducing pipe and the middle part 9 of the oxygen coal gun gas reducing pipe, then is accelerated by the lower part 10 of an oxygen coal gun gas reducing pipe, and then enters an oxygen coal gun material mixing area 18; the apparent linear speed of the gas of the oxygen coal gun 4 is increased to 10 times after passing through the upper part 8 of the oxygen coal gun gas reducing pipe and the lower part 10 of the oxygen coal gun gas reducing pipe;
(b) the gas entering the oxygen coal gun material mixing area 18 is highly mixed with the material entering the oxygen coal gun material mixing area 18 through the gas pulverized coal inlets which are not coaxial on the same plane, and then is accelerated and atomized through the upper part 12 of the oxygen coal gun mixed material reducer, the middle part 13 of the oxygen coal gun mixed material and the lower part 14 of the oxygen coal gun mixed material to form a jet flow mixture (shown as 15 in the attached drawing); the material in the oxygen coal gun material mixing area 18 in the oxygen coal gun 4 passes through the upper part 12 of the oxygen coal gun mixed material reducer; the apparent linear speed of the oxygen-coal gun mixed material 13 and the lower part 14 of the oxygen-coal gun mixed material is increased to 10 times.
(c) The jet flow mixture enters a coal gasification furnace 19 from an oxygen coal gun mixing outlet, remixing, burning and gasifying are carried out in a jet flow collision central area, high-temperature oxidizing gas is reduced again after gasified high-temperature gas passes through a coke filling area 6 at the lower part of the gasification furnace, and then synthesis gas is obtained after separation through at least one cyclone separator.
The granularity of the pulverized coal entering the coal gasification furnace 19 is 700 mu m, the pressure of the gasification furnace is 4.5MPa, the oxygen-enriched air is 8 percent, the content of the water vapor is 20 percent, the temperature of the jet flow collision central area 5 of the upper space 3 of the gasification furnace is 1450 ℃, the temperature of the coke filling area 6 is 1250 ℃, the carbon conversion rate is 94.5 percent through detection, the effective gas component of the gasification furnace is 74.5 percent, the heat utilization rate is high, and the operation stability is greatly improved.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for explaining the present invention, and do not constitute any limitation to the present invention. The present invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, but the words which have been used herein are words of description and illustration, rather than words of limitation. The invention can be modified, as prescribed, within the scope of the claims and without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. Although the invention has been described herein with reference to particular means, materials and embodiments, the invention is not intended to be limited to the particulars disclosed herein, but rather extends to all other methods and applications having the same functionality.
Claims (10)
1. An efficient coal gasification reaction device is characterized by comprising:
a coal gasification gasifier (19), at least one oxygen coal gun (4) and at least one cyclone separator;
the gasification furnace (19) comprises a gasification furnace upper space (3) and a gasification furnace lower coke filling area (6) which are distributed up and down, the gasification furnace upper space (3) is communicated with the interior of the gasification furnace lower coke filling area (6), and the oxygen coal gun (4) is communicated with the gasification furnace upper space (3) at the upper part of the gasification furnace (19); the cyclone separator is communicated with a coke filling area (6) at the lower part of the gasification furnace; according to the material inflow direction, the oxygen coal gun (4) comprises an oxygen coal gun gas inlet (17), an oxygen coal gun upper space (7), an oxygen coal gun gas reducer upper part (8), an oxygen coal gun gas reducer middle part (9), an oxygen coal gun gas reducer lower part (10), a coal gun mixed material reducer upper part (12), an oxygen coal gun mixed material middle part (13), an oxygen coal gun mixed material lower part (14) and an oxygen coal gun mixed material outlet, and all adjacent parts are communicated; oxygen coal rifle gas reducing pipe lower part (10) and coal rifle mixed material reducing pipe upper portion (12) intercommunication form oxygen coal rifle material mixing area (18), and oxygen coal rifle material mixing area (18) are provided with at least one gasification fine coal entry, and when gasification fine coal entry is a plurality of, a plurality of gasification fine coal entry adoption coplanar different axle arrangement.
2. The high-efficiency coal gasification reaction device according to claim 1, wherein the coal gasification furnace (19) is cylindrical, and the volume ratio of the upper space (3) of the coal gasification furnace to the lower coke-filled region (6) of the coal gasification furnace (19) is (1-3): 10.
3. The high-efficiency coal gasification reaction device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the oxygen coal guns (4) are arranged oppositely, the number of the oxygen coal guns is 2n, n is a natural number greater than 0, and the included angle between the oxygen coal guns and the vertical direction is 5-45 degrees, and the included angle between the oxygen coal guns and the horizontal direction is 0-30 degrees.
4. The high-efficiency coal gasification reaction device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the angle between the upper part (8) of the oxygen coal gun gas reducer in the oxygen coal gun (4) and the vertical direction is 10 to 65 degrees, and the diameter of the middle part of the oxygen coal gun gas reducer (9) is 1/10 to 1/4 of the upper space (7) of the oxygen coal gun.
5. The high-efficiency coal gasification reaction device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein 2n gasified fine coal inlets are arranged in the oxygen coal gun material mixing zone (18), n is a natural number greater than 0, and the axial distance between adjacent gasified fine coal inlets is 1/10-1/4 of the diameter of the cavity of the oxygen coal gun material mixing zone (18).
6. The high-efficiency coal gasification reaction device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the lower part (14) of the oxygen-coal gun mixed material is outwardly expanded near the outlet end of the oxygen-coal gun mixed material, and the angle between the expanded section and the vertical direction is 5-45 degrees.
7. An efficient coal gasification reaction method using the efficient coal gasification reaction apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
(a) gas enters an oxygen coal gun (4) from an oxygen coal gun inlet (17), is accelerated by the upper part (8) of an oxygen coal gun gas reducing pipe and the middle part (9) of the oxygen coal gun gas reducing pipe, then is accelerated by the lower part (10) of an oxygen coal gun gas reducing pipe, and then enters an oxygen coal gun material mixing area (18);
(b) the gas entering the oxygen coal gun material mixing area (18) is highly mixed with the material entering the oxygen coal gun material mixing area (18) through gas pulverized coal inlets which are not coaxial on the same plane, and then is accelerated and atomized through the upper part (12) of the oxygen coal gun mixed material reducer, the middle part (13) of the oxygen coal gun mixed material and the lower part (14) of the oxygen coal gun mixed material to form jet flow mixture;
(c) and the jet flow mixture enters a coal gasification furnace (19) from an oxygen coal gun mixing outlet, remixing is carried out in a jet flow collision central area, combustion and gasification are carried out, high-temperature gas after gasification is subjected to high-temperature oxidizing gas re-reduction through a coke filling area (6) at the lower part of the gasification furnace, and then synthesis gas is obtained through separation of at least one cyclone separator.
8. The high-efficiency coal gasification reaction method according to claim 7, wherein the apparent linear velocity of the gas of the oxygen coal gun (4) after passing through the upper part (8) of the oxygen coal gun gas reducer and the lower part (10) of the oxygen coal gun gas reducer is increased to 4-10 times, and the apparent linear velocity of the material in the oxygen coal gun material mixing area (18) of the oxygen coal gun (4) after passing through the upper part (12) of the oxygen coal gun material reducer, the middle part (13) of the oxygen coal gun material mixture and the lower part (14) of the oxygen coal gun material mixture is increased to 4-20 times.
9. The high-efficiency coal gasification reaction method according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the particle size of the pulverized coal in the coal gasification furnace (19) is 10-1000 μm, the content of particles smaller than 50 μm is not more than 10%, and the content of particles larger than 850 μm is not more than 10%.
10. The high-efficiency coal gasification reaction method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the pressure in the coal gasification gasifier (19) is 0 to 5MPa, the oxygen-enriched air is 5 to 10%, the water vapor content is 5 to 50%, the temperature of the central collision region of the jet flow in the upper space (3) of the gasifier is 1200 to 1600 ℃, and the temperature of the coke filling region (6) is 900 to 1300 ℃.
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