CN112692630A

CN112692630A - Conical part processing is with rotating headstock

Info

Publication number: CN112692630A
Application number: CN202110159834.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱伟平; 杨健伦; 孔宇
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-02-05
Filing date: 2021-02-05
Publication date: 2021-04-23

Abstract

The invention relates to a rotary spindle box for machining conical parts in the technical field of lathe machining, which comprises a base and a rotary box, wherein an input shaft is arranged on the left vertical surface of the base and drives a transverse shaft through a gear, a bevel gear is arranged at the right end of the transverse shaft, an output shaft is arranged on the right vertical surface of the rotary box, and a bevel gear is arranged at the left end of the output shaft; a vertical shaft is arranged in the middle of the base, the upper part of the vertical shaft enters the rotating box, a bevel gear at the upper end of the vertical shaft is matched with a bevel gear at the left end of the output shaft, and a bevel gear at the lower end of the vertical shaft is matched with a bevel gear at the right end of the cross shaft; a worm and a worm wheel are arranged below the base, the worm drives the worm wheel to drive a worm wheel shaft to rotate, the upper end of the worm wheel shaft drives a turntable through gear transmission, and the turntable drives a rotating box and an output shaft to rotate around the vertical shaft; the included angle between the output shaft and the center line of the lathe spindle can be easily adjusted by only rotating the worm, so that conical parts can be smoothly machined, and the worm and worm gear is used, so that the transmission is stable, and the lathe spindle is suitable for fine machining; the transmission and the adjustable angle are integrated, and the practicability is high.

Description

Conical part processing is with rotating headstock

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of lathe machining tool fixtures and equipment, in particular to a rotary spindle box for machining conical parts.

Background

In the machining industry, a lathe is the most widely applied machining tool, conical inner and outer circles and conical threads are machined on a common lathe by manually controlling a hand wheel of a machine tool at present, the machining process is complex and tedious, precision control is difficult, time for machining parts is long, technical requirements on operators are high, and unqualified products and even large batches of waste products are easily machined due to slight carelessness.

The common lathe is used for processing conical workpieces such as cones, inner taper holes, tapered threads and the like, and one of the following processes is generally adopted:

1. a small tool rest rotating method: the process is commonly used in general processing. When the process is adopted, the cone half angle of the workpiece is calculated, and the swing angle of the small sliding plate is determined. Then the clamping degree of the small sliding plate and the workpiece is adjusted, and the operation is troublesome. During machining, only manual feeding is needed, the labor intensity of operators is high, and the surface quality of a workpiece is not easy to guarantee. In addition, only workpieces with short conical surfaces can be machined due to the limit of the stroke of the small sliding plate after swinging;

2. tailstock offset method: a workpiece with a large angle cannot be machined, and an inner taper hole cannot be machined;

3. a mould profiling method: the die or the profiling mold needs to be manufactured, and when the lathe sliding plate moves longitudinally, the cutter executes profiling motion. By adopting the process, a corresponding die or a profile modeling is required to be manufactured. Different dies or explorations need to be manufactured for different parts;

4. head of bed offset method: the process needs to adjust the lathe head of the lathe, has a complex process and is generally rarely used;

although a common lathe can process conical workpieces, the above methods have great processing difficulty or complicated mold manufacturing.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a rotary spindle box for machining conical parts.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a rotary spindle box for machining conical parts comprises a base and a rotary box arranged on the upper portion of the base, wherein an input shaft is arranged on the left vertical surface of the base, the input shaft drives a cross shaft to rotate through a gear, a bevel gear is arranged at the right end of the cross shaft, an output shaft is arranged on the right vertical surface of the rotary box, and the left end of the output shaft is provided with the bevel gear; the input shaft is connected with a lathe spindle, the output shaft is connected with a chuck, the chuck clamps a workpiece to be machined, and the input shaft and the output shaft have the same rotating speed.

A vertical shaft is arranged in the middle of the base, the upper part of the vertical shaft enters the rotating box, a bevel gear at the upper end of the vertical shaft is matched with a bevel gear at the left end of the output shaft, and a bevel gear at the lower end of the vertical shaft is matched with a bevel gear at the right end of the cross shaft; the vertical shaft is fixedly arranged on the bearing in the middle of the base.

A worm and a worm wheel are arranged below the base, the worm drives the worm wheel to drive a worm wheel shaft to rotate, the upper end of the worm wheel shaft drives a turntable through gear transmission, and the turntable drives a rotating box and an output shaft to rotate around the vertical shaft.

Further, the input shaft drives the transverse shaft to rotate through a secondary cylindrical gear; an annular groove which takes the vertical shaft as the center of a circle is arranged above the base and is used for matching, and an annular rail is arranged below the rotary table and runs in the annular groove;

the lathe main shaft drives the input shaft to rotate, the input shaft drives the transverse shaft to rotate, the transverse shaft drives the vertical shaft perpendicular to the transverse shaft to rotate, the vertical shaft drives the output shaft perpendicular to the vertical shaft to rotate, and the output shaft drives the workpiece to rotate to enter machining operation.

The worm and the worm wheel below the base drive a worm wheel shaft, and the worm wheel drive the rotating disc, the rotating box and the output shaft to rotate around the vertical shaft along the annular groove through gear transmission.

The worm gear is relatively large, typically 20: 1, namely the worm rotates for one circle, the worm wheel rotates for one twentieth of the angle, the worm rotates for one hundredth of the circle, the worm wheel rotates for one twentieth of the angle, the worm is slightly rotated, the output shaft can slightly swing, the precision is suitable for fine machining, and the precision can reach 0.01 mm.

The two-wheel meshing tooth surfaces of the worm and gear are in line contact, so that the bearing capacity is high; the worm transmission is equivalent to spiral transmission and is multi-tooth meshing transmission, so that the transmission is stable and the noise is low; the self-locking worm gear has self-locking property, namely, the worm can only drive the worm gear, but not the worm gear, plays a role in safety protection, and is particularly suitable for lathe machining operation.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1) the invention is provided with the rotating box and the worm and worm wheel, so that the included angle between the output shaft and the central line of the lathe spindle can be easily adjusted only by rotating the worm, the workpiece-conical part can be smoothly processed, the labor intensity is reduced, the production efficiency is improved, and the processing quality is guaranteed;

2) the worm and worm wheel adjusting device is used, the transmission is large, the bearing capacity is high, the transmission is stable, the self-locking performance is realized, the precision can reach 0.01mm, the worm and worm wheel adjusting device is suitable for fine machining, and the worm and worm wheel adjusting device is safe and reliable;

3) the structure is simple, the operation is accurate and quick, the technical requirement on operators is not high, the operators can all work by common lathe operation, the working efficiency is high, and the processing requirement and the precision requirement of workpieces are met;

4) the invention integrates transmission and adjustable angle, is easy to manufacture and operate, has strong practicability and has great popularization and application value.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a rotary headstock for machining conical parts.

Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of fig. 1.

FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 1.

Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a rotary spindle head for machining conical parts.

In the figure, 1-input shaft, 2-cylindrical gear, 3-rotating box, 4-output shaft, 5-rotating disk, 6-transverse shaft, 7-worm, 8-bevel gear, 9-bevel gear, 10-base, 11-worm gear shaft and 12-vertical shaft.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 4 are schematic diagrams of a rotary spindle box for machining conical parts, the rotary spindle box for machining conical parts comprises a base and a rotary box arranged on the upper portion of the base, an input shaft is arranged on the left vertical surface of the base, the input shaft drives a cross shaft to rotate through a secondary cylindrical gear, a bevel gear is arranged at the right end of the cross shaft, an output shaft is arranged on the right vertical surface of the rotary box, and the bevel gear is arranged at the left end of the output shaft; the middle part of the base is provided with a vertical shaft, the upper part of the vertical shaft enters the rotating box, a bevel gear at the upper end of the vertical shaft is matched with a bevel gear at the left end of the output shaft, and a bevel gear at the lower end of the vertical shaft is matched with a bevel gear at the right end of the cross shaft.

The improvement is further that an annular groove which takes the vertical shaft as the center of a circle is arranged above the base and is used as matching, and an annular rail is arranged below the turntable and runs in the annular groove; the worm and the worm wheel below the base drive a worm wheel shaft, and the worm wheel drive the rotating disc, the rotating box and the output shaft to rotate around the vertical shaft along the annular groove through gear transmission.

The operation method of the invention comprises the following steps:

1) the base is fixedly arranged on a lathe, an input shaft is connected with a lathe spindle, an output shaft is connected with a chuck, and the chuck clamps a workpiece-conical part;

2) rotating the worm to enable the output shaft and the workpiece to swing to a proper angle, namely adjusting an included angle between the output shaft and the central line of the lathe spindle, and then screwing the bolt arranged on the annular groove to fix the turntable, the rotating box and the output shaft;

3) the power of the lathe spindle drives the transverse shaft to rotate through the secondary cylindrical gear, and then drives the output shaft and the workpiece to rotate through the vertical shaft and the secondary bevel gear, and at the moment, a cutter on the lathe can be started to perform machining operations such as milling on the workpiece;

4) and after the machining is finished, disassembling the workpiece, reloading the workpiece to be machined, and entering the next operation cycle.

Claims

1. A rotary headstock for the processing of conical parts is characterized in that:

It includes a base and a rotating box arranged on the upper part of the base, an input shaft is arranged on the left elevation of the base, the input shaft is driven by a gear to rotate a horizontal shaft, and the right end of the horizontal shaft is provided with a bevel gear, so An output shaft is arranged on the right elevation of the rotating box, and a bevel gear is arranged at the left end of the output shaft;

A vertical shaft is installed in the middle of the base, the upper part of the vertical shaft enters the rotating box, the bevel gear at the upper end of the vertical shaft matches the bevel gear at the left end of the output shaft, and the bevel gear at the lower end of the vertical shaft matches the bevel gear at the right end of the horizontal shaft. gear matching;

A worm and a worm wheel are arranged under the base. The worm drives the worm wheel and drives the worm wheel shaft to rotate. The upper end of the worm wheel shaft drives the turntable through gear transmission. The turntable carries the rotating box and the output shaft. Rotate around the vertical axis.

2. a kind of conical parts processing rotating headstock according to claim 1 is characterized in that:

The input shaft drives the horizontal shaft to rotate through the secondary cylindrical gear;

Above the base, an annular groove centered on the vertical shaft is arranged, and as a match, below the turntable, an annular rail is arranged, and the annular rail runs in the annular groove;

The worm and worm gear below the base drive the worm gear shaft, drive the turntable, the rotating box and the output shaft through gear transmission, and rotate along the annular groove and around the vertical shaft.