CN112692301A - Manufacturing method for metal additive manufacturing forming inner cavity - Google Patents
Manufacturing method for metal additive manufacturing forming inner cavity Download PDFInfo
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- CN112692301A CN112692301A CN202011475837.3A CN202011475837A CN112692301A CN 112692301 A CN112692301 A CN 112692301A CN 202011475837 A CN202011475837 A CN 202011475837A CN 112692301 A CN112692301 A CN 112692301A
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000013499 data model Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000002489 tectorial membrane Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007649 pad printing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/10—Cores; Manufacture or installation of cores
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a manufacturing method of a metal additive manufacturing forming inner cavity, belonging to the field of metal additive manufacturing and comprising the following steps of: s1, establishing a three-dimensional data model of the metal workpiece and processing the shape data of the three-dimensional model of the workpiece; s2, forming a three-dimensional printing model by building inner cavity parts of the workpiece data model into sand cores; s3, the three-dimensional printing model carries out layering processing and module processing through layering software, and a program generated by the processing is imported into a control system of the printer; s4, alternately printing layer by layer according to the program of the step S3, wherein the sand core is filled with coated sand for printing, and the metal workpiece part is welded and printed by electric arc additive welding wires; s5, separating the metal workpiece and the sand core, and carrying out surface processing and detection on the inner cavity part, so as to solve the problem that the workpiece with the complex inner cavity cannot be formed at one time in the process of electric arc additive manufacturing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of metal additive manufacturing, in particular to a manufacturing method of a metal additive manufacturing forming inner cavity.
Background
Additive manufacturing, commonly known as 3D printing, is a manufacturing technique for manufacturing solid objects by stacking dedicated metallic materials, non-metallic materials, and medical biomaterials layer by extrusion, sintering, melting, photocuring, jetting, and the like, through software and a numerical control system, based on a digital model file. Wire feed additive manufacturing techniques are largely classified into laser, arc welding, and electron beam depending on the energy source used for metal deposition. The electric arc additive manufacturing technology based on electric arc welding adopts a layer-by-layer surfacing mode to manufacture a compact metal solid component, and the electric arc is used as an energy-carrying beam, so that the heat input is high, the forming speed is high, and the electric arc additive manufacturing technology is suitable for low-cost, efficient and rapid near-net forming of large-size complex components, thereby having the advantages of reducing the cost and having higher deposition rate.
However, in the process of electric arc additive manufacturing, metal is melted into liquid metal after passing through a solid, the metal liquid has certain fluidity in a high-temperature state, the metal liquid cannot form a specific shape without encountering an obstacle, if an inner cavity structure exists in a printed workpiece, the inner cavity part is not supported, and the electric arc additive manufacturing cannot form the size and the shape according to requirements, so that limitation is brought to the electric arc additive manufacturing.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a manufacturing method of a metal additive manufacturing forming inner cavity, which solves the problem that a workpiece with a complex inner cavity cannot be formed at one time in the electric arc additive manufacturing process.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the invention provides a manufacturing method of a metal additive manufacturing forming inner cavity, which comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a three-dimensional data model of the metal workpiece and processing the shape data of the three-dimensional model of the workpiece; s2, forming a three-dimensional printing model by building inner cavity parts of the workpiece data model into sand cores; s3, the three-dimensional printing model carries out layering processing and module processing through layering software, and a program generated by the processing is imported into a control system of the printer; s4, alternately printing layer by layer according to the program of the step S3, wherein the sand core is filled with coated sand for printing, and the metal workpiece part is welded and printed by electric arc additive welding wires; and S5, separating the metal workpiece from the sand core, and carrying out surface processing and detection on the inner cavity part.
In step S3, the layering software splits the three-dimensional printing model into several layers, and after the layering process is completed, sets the whole metal workpiece in each layer as a workpiece module, and sets the whole sand core in each layer as a sand core module, thereby completing the layering process.
The preferred technical solution of the present invention is that, in step S4, the step of alternately printing layer by layer is as follows:
s41, welding and printing from the bottommost workpiece module in contact with the base;
s42, filling and printing from the sand core module at the bottommost layer contacted with the base;
and S43, repeating the steps S41 and S42, and printing the three-dimensional printing model layer by layer from bottom to top until the three-dimensional printing model is completely finished.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S4, the padding printing includes the steps of:
s421, filling the sand core module with precoated sand;
s422, the control system controls the laser emitter or the heater to heat the coated sand to the temperature of 250-350 ℃ for coagulation and hardening.
The preferable technical scheme of the invention is that before the alternate printing layer by layer, a precoated sand layer with the thickness of 2-3 mm is paved on the base, and the base is heated and condensed.
In step S5, the sand core is preferably separated from the metal workpiece by striking or vibrating.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S5, the inner cavity is processed by machining or by washing and polishing with a high-pressure water jet washer, and in order to improve the washing efficiency and the washing effect, an abrasion resistant material such as silicon carbide may be added to the water during washing and polishing with the high-pressure water jet washer.
In step S5, a preferable embodiment of the present invention is that after the metal workpiece and the sand core are separated and the inner cavity portion is subjected to surface processing, the surface finish of the inner cavity of the metal workpiece is subjected to endoscopic inspection.
The printer comprises an electric arc welding gun provided with a welding wire, a sand blasting gun, an air gun and a sliding device capable of moving in a three-axis mode, wherein the electric arc welding gun, the sand blasting gun and the air gun are fixedly arranged on an execution end of the sliding device, the sliding device is positioned above a base, and the electric arc welding gun, the sand blasting gun, the air gun and the sliding device are electrically connected with a control system; the inside chamber and the working chamber of depositing the tectorial membrane sand that is provided with of printer deposits the chamber and is located the top of working chamber, deposits the chamber and is linked together through conveying pipeline and sand blasting gun, and base, electric arc welder, sand blasting gun, air gun and slider all are located the working chamber inside.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the manufacturing method of the metal additive manufacturing forming inner cavity comprises the steps of establishing a three-dimensional printing model with a sand core filling inner cavity structure, and then conducting layering processing and sub-module processing, so that an optimal printing process and an optimal printing process step of additive manufacturing forming are confirmed, processed data are conveyed to a control system of a printer with a sand blasting gun and an electric arc welding gun, the purpose of integrally completing printing is achieved, finally, through surface processing and detection of an inner cavity portion, manufacturing of a workpiece with an inner cavity structure is completed, and the problem that the workpiece with a complex inner cavity cannot be formed at one time in the electric arc additive manufacturing process is solved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a printer according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is an internal structural view of a printer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic front view of a printer according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A of a printer according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a layered sub-module of a three-dimensional printing model according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional printing model according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a metal additive manufacturing molded cavity according to the present application.
The reference numerals in the figures are explained below:
1. a base; 3. a metal workpiece; 31. a workpiece module; 4. a sand core; 41. a sand core module; 42. coating a sand layer; 5. a printer; 51. an arc welding gun; 52. a sand blasting gun; 53. an air gun; 54. a sliding device; 55. a storage chamber; 56. a working chamber.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The invention provides a specific implementation mode of a manufacturing method of a metal additive manufacturing forming inner cavity, which comprises the following steps of:
s1, establishing a three-dimensional data model of the metal workpiece 3 and processing the shape data of the three-dimensional model of the workpiece;
s2, constructing a sand core 4 by the inner cavity part of the workpiece data model to form a three-dimensional printing model;
and S3, performing layering processing and module processing on the three-dimensional printing model through layering software, importing a program generated by the processing into a control system of the printer 5, performing intelligent analysis on the structure of the three-dimensional printing model through the layering software, obtaining a proper layering mode, selecting the optimal layering mode to perform layering processing on the three-dimensional printing model, and determining a material increase manufacturing and forming process through the layering processing to enable the printing process to be more convenient. After layering, the sand core part becomes a module, the metal workpiece also forms a module, the two modules are subjected to calculation processing of printing steps through the filling thickness of the sand layer and the welding thickness of the welding wire, data of control instructions which are consistent with the printer are generated and input into a control system of the printer, and digital-analog printing to solid workpiece printing is prepared.
S4, alternately printing layer by layer according to the program of the step S3, wherein the sand core 4 is filled with coated sand for printing, and the metal workpiece 3 is welded and printed by an electric arc additive welding wire;
s5, separating the metal workpiece 3 and the sand core 4, and carrying out surface processing and detection on the inner cavity part. Specifically, in step S5, the sand core 4 is separated from the metal workpiece 3 by striking or vibrating, the metal workpiece 3 and the sand core 4 are separated, and after the surface processing treatment of the inner cavity portion is performed, the surface finish of the inner cavity of the metal workpiece 3 is subjected to the endoscopic inspection.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, in step S3, the layering software divides the three-dimensional printing model into a plurality of layers, and after the layering process is completed, the entire metal workpiece 3 in each layer is set as the workpiece module 31, and the entire sand core 4 in each layer is set as the sand core module 41, thereby completing the sub-module process.
Specifically, the dotted lines in the schematic diagram of the layered and sub-modules of the three-dimensional printing model represent the layers, wherein the sand core 4 part in each layer is the sand core module 41, and the metal workpiece 3 part is the workpiece module 31. Further, when the precoated sand filling thickness is too large, the problem of incomplete heating of the precoated sand layer is likely to occur, and therefore, the sand core module 41 cannot be filled at one time. When the precoated sand is filled, the precoated sand needs to be split into a plurality of sand layers with the most appropriate thickness, then the sand layers with the same thickness are heated by a laser emitter or a heater, after the heating is finished, the sand layers with the same thickness are further laid for heating until the sand core modules 41 finish filling and printing, further, according to the material and model of the selected electric arc additive welding wire, the layering software automatically splits each workpiece module 31 into a plurality of printing layers, namely the thickness of the workpiece module 31 during each welding, the sand core modules 41 are split into a plurality of sand layers, printing process data matched with a control system are generated by processing and are transmitted into the control system, and finally the process of entity printing of the three-dimensional printing model is finished through the printer 5, so that the manufacturing of the metal additive manufacturing forming inner cavity is realized. Further, the thickness of the sand layer is selected according to the specific components or models of the precoated sand.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, in step S4, the step of alternately printing layer by layer is as follows:
s41, welding and printing are carried out from the bottommost workpiece module 31 which is in contact with the base 1;
s42, filling and printing from the sand core module 41 at the lowest layer contacting with the base 1;
and S43, repeating the steps S41 and S42, and printing the three-dimensional printing model layer by layer from bottom to top until the three-dimensional printing model is completely finished.
Specifically, the manufacturing method of the metal additive manufacturing forming cavity is based on the principle of discrete-stacking, and therefore, the three-dimensional printing model needs to be printed in a layer-by-layer overlapping manner from the bottom, as shown in fig. 6, the printing is started from the first layer close to the upper surface of the base 1, that is, the lowest layer of the three-dimensional printing model layer, further, the lowest layer of the three-dimensional printing model layer includes the workpiece module 31 and the sand core module 41, wherein, the printing of the workpiece module 31 is completed first, the filling printing of the sand core module 41 is completed until the sand core module 41 is completely filled, and then the steps are repeated to complete the printing of the bottom layer of the three-dimensional printing model, so that the whole printing and manufacturing process of the three-dimensional printing model is completed, further, when the sand core module 41 completes the printing, the surface of the sand core module 41 needs to be cleaned by compressed air, and impurities such as, the metal workpiece 3 is ensured to meet the design requirements.
As shown in fig. 5, in step S4, the pad printing includes the steps of:
s421, filling the sand core module 41 with precoated sand;
s422, the control system controls the laser emitter or the heater to heat the coated sand to the temperature of 250-350 ℃ for coagulation and hardening.
Specifically, in order to improve the efficiency of filling and printing while ensuring the comprehensive properties such as hardness and strength of filling and printing by using precoated sand, the precoated sand should be high in melting point, high in curing speed and high in thermal strength, further, the temperature for heating the precoated sand is between 250 ℃ and 350 ℃, sufficient heat for softening and curing a binder of a thermoplastic phenolic resin in the components of the precoated sand is ensured, the effect of setting and hardening of the precoated sand is optimal, the efficiency is highest, when the temperature is lower than 250 ℃, the heat is insufficient, further, the situation that the precoated sand is completely set and hardened in the heating process by a laser emitter or a heater is difficult to ensure is further caused, and the situation that the precoated sand cannot achieve the optimal performance of the precoated sand is further caused. When the temperature is higher than 350 ℃, the temperature is too high, the binder in the precoated sand is easy to damage, so that the brittleness of the precoated sand is increased, and further the comprehensive performance is reduced, therefore, the heating temperature of the precoated sand is within the optimal temperature range of 250-350 ℃ for the filling and printing of the precoated sand, the high-efficiency printing of the filling and printing is facilitated, meanwhile, the optimal comprehensive performance of the precoated sand is ensured, so that the printing defects of deformation and the like of the inner cavity structure of the metal workpiece 3 are ensured, and the efficiency and the quality of the workpiece produced by the manufacturing method for manufacturing the metal additive manufacturing forming inner cavity are ensured.
As shown in fig. 5, before alternately printing layer by layer, a precoated sand layer 42 with a thickness of 2-3 mm is laid on the base 1, and is heated and coagulated.
Specifically, lay one deck tectorial membrane sand layer 42 at the upper surface of base 1, avoid metal work piece 3 direct welding to print at base 1 for metal work piece 3's lower bottom surface and base 1 are glued mutually and are caused metal work piece 3 and base 1 to separate or make metal work piece 3 and base 1 to separate the back to wearing and tearing or damage base 1 upper surface, and then cause the part work piece to make the degree of accuracy reduction of production through this printer.
In step S5, the inner cavity is processed by machining or by washing and grinding with a high pressure water jet washer, and in order to improve the washing efficiency and washing effect, the high pressure water jet washer can be used to wash and grind, and the water can be added with wear-resistant materials such as silicon carbide.
Specifically, the machining mode can be used for polishing the inner cavity part through equipment such as a numerical control milling machine, a numerical control boring machine or a grinding machine, different equipment is selected for different machining treatment procedures according to the requirement on the surface roughness of the inner cavity part in design, and when the inner structure is relatively complex or small and the requirement on the inner structure is relatively high, a high-pressure water jet cleaning machine can be selected for washing and grinding for surface treatment, so that the smoothness of the surface of the inner cavity part is improved, the surface roughness of the inner wall part is also reduced, the manufacturing of a part workpiece with the inner cavity structure is completed through the manufacturing method of the metal additive manufacturing and forming inner cavity, and meanwhile, the surface roughness of the inner cavity is ensured to meet the requirement of production design.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the printer 5 includes an arc welding gun 51, a sand blasting gun 52, an air gun 53 and a sliding device 54 capable of moving in three axes, the arc welding gun 51, the sand blasting gun 52 and the air gun 53 are all fixedly installed on an execution end of the sliding device 54, the sliding device is located above the base 1, and the arc welding gun 51, the sand blasting gun 52, the air gun 53 and the sliding device 54 are all electrically connected with a control system; the printer 5 is internally provided with a storage cavity 55 and a working cavity 56 for storing precoated sand, the storage cavity 55 is positioned above the working cavity 56, the storage cavity 55 is communicated with the sand blasting gun 52 through a conveying pipe, and the base 1, the electric arc welding gun 51, the sand blasting gun 52, the air gun 53 and the sliding device 54 are all positioned in the working cavity 56.
Specifically, the arc welding gun 51, the sand blasting gun 52 and the air gun 53 are all fixedly mounted on the executing end of the sliding device 54, and the sliding device 54 can perform three-axis movement, so that the arc welding gun 51, the sand blasting gun 52 and the air gun 53 can all achieve the purpose of printing according to the control instruction of the control system through the sliding device 54. The storage cavity 55 for storing the precoated sand is communicated with the sand blasting gun 52 through a conveying pipe, so that a sand layer can be laid by the precoated sand through the sand blasting gun 52, and further, a heating device is arranged on the execution end of the sliding device 54, and if the laser transmitter is used, the heating and curing are carried out through the laser transmitter, so that the purpose of filling and printing the precoated sand is realized. Further, an air pump is installed in the working chamber 56, and the air gun 53 is connected with the air pump through an air pipe, so that the purpose of cleaning sand and dust impurities through the air gun 53 after filling and printing of the sand core module 41 is completed is achieved. The arc welding gun 51, the sand blasting gun 52 and the air gun 53 are all arranged in the printer 5, so that the aims of filling printing and welding printing are integrally completed through the printer 5.
The manufacturing method for manufacturing the forming inner cavity by combining the metal additive has the beneficial effects that:
the manufacturing method of the metal additive manufacturing forming inner cavity comprises the steps of establishing a three-dimensional printing model with a sand core filling inner cavity structure, and then conducting layering processing and sub-module processing, so that an optimal printing process and an optimal printing process step of additive manufacturing forming are confirmed, processed data are conveyed to a control system of a printer with a sand blasting gun and an electric arc welding gun, the purpose of integrally completing printing is achieved, finally, through surface processing and detection of an inner cavity portion, manufacturing of a workpiece with an inner cavity structure is completed, and the problem that the workpiece with a complex inner cavity cannot be formed at one time in the electric arc additive manufacturing process is solved.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like which are obvious and which are made by this disclosure are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A manufacturing method of a metal additive manufacturing forming inner cavity is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, establishing a three-dimensional data model of the metal workpiece (3) and processing the shape data of the three-dimensional data model of the workpiece;
s2, forming a three-dimensional printing model by grouping the inner cavity part of the workpiece data model into a sand core (4);
s3, the three-dimensional printing model carries out layering processing and module processing through layering software, and a program generated by the processing is imported into a control system of the printer (5);
s4, alternately printing layer by layer according to the program of the step S3, wherein the sand core (4) is filled with coated sand for printing, and the part of the metal workpiece (3) is welded and printed by an electric arc additive welding wire;
s5, separating the metal workpiece (3) and the sand core (4), and carrying out surface processing and detection on the inner cavity part.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises:
in step S3, the layering software splits the three-dimensional printing model into a plurality of layers, and after the layering process is completed, sets the entirety of the metal workpiece (3) in each layer as a workpiece module (31), and sets the entirety of the sand core (4) in each layer as a sand core module (41), thereby completing the layering process.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the method comprises:
in step S4, the step of alternately printing layer by layer is as follows:
s41, welding and printing the workpiece module (31) from the bottommost layer contacted with the base (1);
s42, filling and printing the sand core module (41) at the bottommost layer contacted with the base (1);
and S43, repeating the steps S41 and S42, and printing the three-dimensional printing model layer by layer from bottom to top until the three-dimensional printing model is completely finished.
4. The method for manufacturing a metal additive manufactured forming cavity according to claim 1 or 3, wherein:
in step S4, the pad printing includes the steps of:
s421, filling the sand core module (41) with the precoated sand;
s422, the control system controls the laser emitter or the heater to heat the coated sand to the temperature of 250-350 ℃ for coagulation and hardening.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein the method comprises:
before alternately printing layer by layer, paving a precoated sand layer (42) with the thickness of 2-3 mm on the base (1), and heating and condensing.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises:
in step S5, the sand core (4) is separated from the metal workpiece (3) by striking or vibrating.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises:
in step S5, the inner cavity portion is subjected to surface processing by machining or by rinsing and polishing with a high-pressure water jet cleaning machine, and an abrasion-resistant material such as silicon carbide may be added to the water during rinsing and polishing with the high-pressure water jet cleaning machine.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises:
in step S5, after the metal workpiece (3) and the sand core (4) are separated and the cavity portion is subjected to surface processing, endoscopic inspection is performed on the surface finish of the cavity of the metal workpiece (3).
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises:
the printer (5) comprises an electric arc welding gun (51) provided with a welding wire, a sand blasting gun (52), an air gun (53) and a sliding device (54) capable of moving in a three-axis mode, the electric arc welding gun (51), the sand blasting gun (52) and the air gun (53) are fixedly mounted on an execution end of the sliding device (54), the sliding device is located above the base (1), and the electric arc welding gun (51), the sand blasting gun (52), the air gun (53) and the sliding device (54) are electrically connected with the control system;
printer (5) inside be provided with deposit chamber (55) and the working chamber (56) of depositing the tectorial membrane sand, it is located to deposit chamber (55) the top of working chamber (56), deposit chamber (55) through the conveying pipeline with sand blasting gun (52) are linked together, base (1) electric arc welding gun (51) sand blasting gun (52) air gun (53) reach slider (54) all are located inside working chamber (56).
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Application publication date: 20210423 |