High-precision grinding machine for optical test detection
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical test equipment, and particularly relates to a high-precision grinding machine for optical test detection.
Background
Specifically, when the performance of optical elements such as glass and metal is tested (for example, metal metallographic test and glass surface element test), the test surface of the optical element needs to be polished to a required precision, and thus a corresponding grinder is required.
However, most of existing test mills directly perform loading and unloading of optical elements by hands, so that contact between the hands and a detection surface is difficult to avoid in the loading and unloading process, and particularly for optical elements with small size and high precision requirements, the direct contact of the hands easily causes pollution to the detection surface, even influences the precision of the detection surface, and further influences the accuracy of test detection.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, in order to solve the problems in the background art, the present invention aims to provide a high precision grinding machine for optical test detection.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a high precision grinding machine for optical test detection, comprising:
the grinding machine comprises a grinding table, wherein a negative suction fixing assembly is arranged in the middle of the grinding table, rotatable screw rods are arranged on two sides of the negative suction fixing assembly, and two moving plates are sleeved on each screw rod;
the clamping assembly is detachably placed at the top of the grinding table and comprises two symmetrical clamping plates and two clamping springs which are symmetrically connected between the two clamping plates; the two clamping springs are respectively close to two ends of the clamping plate, and the material clamping assembly is used for clamping and fixing the optical element to be polished in the middle between the two clamping plates; when the clamping assembly is placed at the top of the polishing table, the clamping plates are perpendicular to the screw rod, and the two moving plates are limited between the two clamping plates;
the polishing assembly is capable of lifting, when the polishing assembly descends, the two screw rods are driven to synchronously rotate, when the screw rods rotate, the two movable plates on the screw rods are driven to oppositely move towards the two ends along the middle of the screw rods, and the material clamping assembly is unlocked; when the moving plate moves to the end part of the screw rod, the polishing assembly is contacted with the optical element to be polished.
Preferably, two limiting plates are symmetrically fixed at the top of the polishing table, the limiting plates are arranged in parallel with the screw rod, and the distance between the two limiting plates is equal to the length of the clamping plate; when the clamping assembly is placed at the top of the grinding table, the clamping assembly is vertically limited between the two limiting plates.
Preferably, the middle positions of the two clamping plates are provided with V-shaped grooves, and the optical element to be polished is clamped and limited between the two V-shaped grooves.
Preferably, the negative suction fixing component comprises a negative pressure generator and a rotatable porous negative suction cup; after the two movable plates drive the clamping assembly to be unlocked, the negative pressure generator drives the porous negative sucker to generate negative pressure, and the negative sucker fixes the optical element to be polished.
Preferably, a through hole is formed in the middle of the top of the polishing table, a lifting cylinder is arranged inside the polishing table and used for driving the porous negative sucker to ascend and descend, and the porous negative sucker can penetrate through the through hole when ascending and descending.
Preferably, the negative pressure generator is of a cylindrical structure; a lifting ring is fixed at the top end of the lifting cylinder and sleeved on the negative pressure generator; the bottom of the porous negative sucker is welded with a connecting sleeve, and the connecting sleeve is sleeved outside the negative pressure generator and rotatably supported on the top of the lifting ring.
Preferably, two chutes are symmetrically formed in the inner wall of the connecting sleeve, an inverted U-shaped frame is arranged between the two chutes in a sliding fit mode, the bottom of the U-shaped frame is located below the top of the negative pressure generator, a driving motor is installed in the middle of the top of the negative pressure generator, and the driving motor drives the connecting sleeve and the porous negative sucker to rotate through the U-shaped frame.
Preferably, two rotatable gears are mounted on one side of the grinding table, and the two gears are respectively and coaxially assembled with the two screw rods; the grinding assembly at least comprises two liftable toothed plates, and the two toothed plates are respectively meshed with the two gears.
Preferably, the top of the toothed plate is welded with a top plate, and the bottom of the top plate is fixed with a linear guide rail; the linear guide rail is sleeved with a linear motor in a sliding mode, and the bottom of the linear motor is provided with a rotatable polishing head.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the invention, the clamping assembly capable of independently clamping the optical element to be polished is arranged, so that the feeding and discharging operation of the optical element to be polished is realized through the clamping assembly, the direct contact with the element detection surface in the feeding and discharging process is avoided, and the precision and the cleanness degree of the detection surface after fine grinding are ensured to the greatest extent; in addition, the grinding assembly in the grinding machine can automatically drive the material clamping assembly to unlock in the descending process, and after unlocking, effective fixation is formed on the basis of the negative suction fixing assembly, so that the grinding operation can be stably realized.
(2) To above-mentioned press from both sides material subassembly, mainly including two splint and the clamping spring that the symmetry set up, and the V type groove has all been seted up to the middle part of two splint, can effectively press from both sides tight not optical element of equidimension from this to overall structure is simple, convenient to use.
(3) To above-mentioned material clamping assembly, be equipped with two sets of movable plates that can move in opposite directions on polishing the platform, realize the unblock of material clamping assembly from this to can also the automatic adjustment optical element's in the unblock process place the position, thereby guarantee that optical element can be accurate be located the intermediate position department that fixed subassembly was inhaled to the burden, and then guarantee the homogeneity that whole optical element detected the face and polish.
(4) The moving plate is driven by a correspondingly matched screw rod, and a gear is coaxially assembled at the end part of the screw rod; in addition, a toothed plate meshed with the gear is arranged in the grinding assembly, so that the grinding assembly can effectively drive the clamping assembly in the lifting process.
(5) Fixed subassembly is inhaled to above-mentioned burden mainly includes not only liftable, but also rotatable porous burden sucking disc, realizes the stable location of optical element after the material subassembly unblock of pressing from both sides from this to the cooperation subassembly of polishing realizes polishing of optical element detection face's accuracy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the grinding table and clamping assembly of the present invention in cooperation;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a material clamping assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of the connection sleeve and the U-shaped frame of the present invention;
in the figure: a polishing table-1; a limiting plate-11; a through-hole-12; a lifting cylinder-13; a lifting ring-14; gear-15; a negative suction fixing component-2; a negative pressure generator-21; a porous negative suction cup-22; a connecting sleeve-23; a chute-24; a U-shaped frame-25; a drive motor-26; a screw rod-3; moving a plate-4; a material clamping component-5; a splint-51; a clamping spring-52; v-shaped groove-53; polishing the component-6; a toothed plate-61; a top plate-62; a linear guide rail-63; a linear motor-64; polishing head-65.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-5, the present invention provides a high precision grinding machine for optical test detection, which mainly comprises:
the polishing machine comprises a polishing table 1, wherein a negative suction fixing component 2 is arranged in the middle of the polishing table 1, rotatable screw rods 3 are arranged on two sides of the negative suction fixing component 2, and two movable plates 4 are sleeved on each screw rod 3;
the clamping assembly 5 is detachably placed at the top of the grinding table 1, and the clamping assembly 5 comprises two symmetrical clamping plates 51 and two clamping springs 52 which are symmetrically connected between the two clamping plates 51; the two clamping springs 52 are respectively close to two ends of the clamping plates 51, and the clamping assembly 5 is used for clamping and fixing the optical element to be polished in the middle between the two clamping plates 51; when the clamping assembly 5 is placed at the top of the polishing table 1, the clamping plates 51 are perpendicular to the screw rod 3, and the two moving plates 4 are limited between the two clamping plates 51;
the lifting polishing assembly 6 drives the two screw rods 3 to synchronously rotate when the polishing assembly 6 descends, and drives the two movable plates 4 on the screw rods 3 to oppositely move towards the two ends along the middle of the screw rods 3 and unlock the clamping assembly 5 when the screw rods 3 rotate; specifically, when the moving plate 4 moves to the end of the screw rod 3, the polishing assembly 6 is in contact with the optical element to be polished.
From the above, when the overall high-precision grinding machine is used for grinding the detection surface of the optical element, the principle is as follows:
taking a clamping assembly 5, clamping an optical element to be polished which is placed on a test bed, wherein the specific operation mode is that two clamping plates 51 are pulled towards the direction away from each other, so that a clamping spring 52 is stretched, and the two clamping plates 51 are respectively positioned at two sides of the optical element; then the clamping plates 51 are loosened towards the direction of mutual approaching, so that the two clamping plates 51 clamp the optical element to be polished under the limitation of the clamping spring 52, and the optical element can be loaded and unloaded in a manner of holding the material clamping assembly 5 by hands, thereby avoiding the direct contact of hands with the detection surface of the optical element;
after the optical element to be polished is clamped by the clamping component 5, the clamping component 5 is manually placed on the polishing table 1; preferably, two limiting plates 11 are symmetrically fixed at the top of the polishing table 1, the limiting plates 11 are parallel to the screw rod 3, and the distance between the two limiting plates 11 is equal to the length of the clamping plate 51; based on this definition, when the clamping assembly 5 is placed on top of the grinding table 1, it is vertically defined between two limiting plates 11, and the moving plates 4 on the two screws 3 are positioned between two clamping plates 51, for example, as shown in fig. 3.
After the placing operation of the clamping component 5 is finished, the matching of the clamping component 5 and the negative suction fixing component 2 is realized; one is as follows: due to the limitation of the two limiting plates 11, the middle part of the clamping component 5 in the front-back direction can be accurately corresponding to the middle part of the negative suction fixing component 2; the second step is as follows: the negative suction fixing component 2 comprises a negative pressure generator 21 and a rotatable porous negative suction cup 22; a through hole 12 is formed in the middle of the top of the polishing table 1, a lifting cylinder 13 is mounted inside the polishing table 1, the lifting cylinder 13 is used for driving a porous negative suction cup 22 to lift up and down, and the porous negative suction cup 22 can pass through the through hole 12 when lifting up and down; based on this, after the material clamping component 5 is placed, the lifting cylinder 13 is started to drive the porous negative suction cup 22 to contact with the bottom surface of the optical element clamped by the material clamping component 5, so as to realize further positioning fit.
Then, the driving grinding assembly 6 descends to be close to the optical element placed on the grinding table 1, and the two screw rods 3 can be synchronously driven to rotate in the process, so that the two groups of moving plates 4 are driven to be away from each other, and the clamping plate 51 is pushed outwards to unlock the whole clamping assembly 5. In the unlocking process, the two moving plates 4 move symmetrically, so that the placing positions of the clamping assemblies 5 can be effectively adjusted in the left and right directions, and the middle parts of the clamping assemblies 5 in the left and right directions can accurately correspond to the middle parts of the negative suction fixing assemblies 2. In summary, after the unlocking is completed, it can be effectively ensured that the optical element is positioned at the middle position of the porous negative suction cup 22, and in this state, the negative pressure generator 21 can be started to drive the porous negative suction cup 22 to generate negative pressure, so as to realize the negative suction fixation of the optical element to be polished.
After the fixation is realized, the polishing assembly 6 continues to descend to drive the moving plate 4 to continue to move, so that the complete unlocking of the clamping assembly 5 is realized; and stopping the descending of the polishing component 6 until the polishing component 6 is contacted with the optical element to be polished, and further accurately polishing the detection surface of the optical element through the polishing component 6. After polishing is finished, the polishing assembly 6 is lifted to reset each structure, and after the structures are completely reset, the clamping assembly 5 can be manually taken down from the polishing table 1, so that blanking of the polished optical elements is realized; in the overall blanking process, the picking and placing are convenient, and the hands only contact with the material clamping assembly 5, so that the precision and the cleanness degree of the detection surface after the optical element is polished are effectively ensured.
The present invention also provides the following preferred embodiments for the high-precision mill disclosed above.
In a preferred embodiment, for the material clamping assembly 5, V-shaped grooves 53 are formed in the middle of the two clamping plates 51, and the optical element to be polished is clamped and limited between the two V-shaped grooves 53. Therefore, the stability of the whole clamping assembly 5 for fixing the optical element is effectively improved, the optical element is positioned at the middle position of the whole clamping assembly 5, and the positioning accuracy and the follow-up polishing accuracy are further improved.
In another preferred embodiment, the negative pressure generator 21 of the negative suction fixing assembly 2 has a cylindrical structure; a lifting ring 14 is fixed at the top end of the lifting cylinder 13, and the lifting ring 14 is sleeved on the negative pressure generator 21; the bottom of the porous negative suction cup 22 is welded with a connecting sleeve 23, and the connecting sleeve 23 is sleeved outside the negative pressure generator 21 and rotatably supported on the top of the lifting ring 14.
Furthermore, two sliding grooves 24 are symmetrically formed in the inner wall of the connecting sleeve 23, an inverted U-shaped frame 25 is arranged between the two sliding grooves 24 in a sliding fit mode, the bottom of the U-shaped frame 25 is located below the top of the negative pressure generator 21, a driving motor 26 is installed in the middle of the top of the negative pressure generator 21, and the driving motor 26 drives the connecting sleeve 23 and the porous negative suction cup 22 to rotate through the U-shaped frame 25.
As can be seen from the above, based on the cooperation of the lifting ring 14, the connecting sleeve 23 and the lifting cylinder 13, the lifting driving of the porous negative sucker 22 is realized, and in the lifting process, the U-shaped frame 25 and the connecting sleeve 23 slide; based on the cooperation of U type frame 25, adapter sleeve 23 and driving motor 26, realize porous negative suction cup 22's rotation to the setting of U type frame 25 has still realized the sealed between adapter sleeve 23 and the negative pressure generator 21, has in conclusion effectively guaranteed porous negative suction cup 22's lift, rotation, the negative mutual noninterference of inhaling between the drive, and then has effectively improved overall structure complex rationality.
In another preferred embodiment, two rotatable gears 15 are installed at one side of the grinding table 1, and the two gears 15 are coaxially assembled with the two lead screws 3, respectively; the grinding assembly 6 at least comprises two liftable toothed plates 61, and the two toothed plates 61 are respectively in meshed connection with the two gears 15. Therefore, when the grinding assembly 6 descends, the toothed plate 61 can be driven to synchronously descend, and then the screw rod 3 is driven to rotate through the gear 15, so that the effect of the unlocking material clamping assembly 5 is achieved.
Further, a top plate 62 is welded at the top of the toothed plate 61, and a linear guide rail 63 is fixed at the bottom of the top plate 62; the linear guide rail 63 is slidably sleeved with a linear motor 64, and the bottom of the linear motor 64 is provided with a rotatable polishing head 65. Based on this, through the cooperation of linear motor 64 and linear guide 63, realize the straight reciprocating motion of polishing head 65, realize optical element's continuous rotation through the rotation of porous negative suction cup 22 to effectively realize polishing head 65 and polish optical element's completion.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.