CN112655410A

CN112655410A - Method for resisting piercing-sucking pests by increasing crop lignin based on silicon oxide

Info

Publication number: CN112655410A
Application number: CN202011559317.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王震宇; 王传洗; 乐乐; 陈菲然
Original assignee: Jiangnan University
Current assignee: Jiangnan University
Priority date: 2020-12-25
Filing date: 2020-12-25
Publication date: 2021-04-16

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for resisting piercing-sucking pests by increasing crop lignin based on silicon oxide, and belongs to the technical field of nano agriculture. The method of the invention is to apply SiO to the roots of crops or spray SiO to the leaves₂ENMs nano pesticide solution; the SiO₂The size of the ENMs nano pesticide is 20-120 nm; the root-applied SiO₂The concentration of the ENMs nano pesticide solution is 0.05-10 mg/L; the root-applied SiO₂The volume of the ENMs nano pesticide solution is 100-250 mL per plant; the SiO sprayed on the leaf surface₂The concentration of the ENMs nano pesticide solution is 1.0-20 mg/L; the SiO sprayed on the leaf surface₂ENMs nano pesticide solutionThe volume of (A) is 50-150mL per plant. The invention obviously increases the content of lignin in the plant, obviously improves the defense capability of the plant to piercing-sucking pests and obviously ensures the normal growth of the plant.

Description

Method for resisting piercing-sucking pests by increasing crop lignin based on silicon oxide

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method for resisting piercing-sucking pests by increasing crop lignin based on silicon oxide, belonging to the technical field of nano agriculture.

Background

In the modern agricultural production process, plant diseases and insect pests are one of the main reasons for reducing the yield of grains. For example, piercing-sucking pests (plant hoppers) are mainly used for absorbing nutrients in plants, so that the plants wither and even die. In China, about 2000 million hectares of rice field are produced in low yield or dead yield each year. At present, about 400 million tons of pesticides are applied to the agricultural pest control process every year in the world. However, the utilization efficiency of these agricultural chemicals is less than 10%. A large amount of pesticides enter an agricultural ecosystem, and serious agricultural non-point source pollution is caused. Meanwhile, the residue of chemical pesticide in agricultural products seriously reduces the quality of the agricultural products and threatens the health of human, so that the development of green prevention and control technology of agricultural pests is urgently needed, and the sustainable development of agricultural production is guaranteed.

Research has shown that nano-pesticides produced from artificial nanomaterials (ENMs) can protect plants from pests, improve pesticide efficacy, and reduce pesticide residues and environmental pollution. For example, Ag ENMs (100. mu.g.mL)^-1) Can effectively inhibit pepper anthracnose without negative influence on the growth of plants. Cu ems may be used as effective fungicides for the control of red rot. ZnO ems have the potential to control citrus canker. Al (Al)₂O₃The inhibition effect on aspergillus oryzae and rhizopus oryzae under different environmental humidity levels is the same as that of the commercial pesticide. However, in agriculture, improper or excessive use of these metal ENMs still destroys the ecosystem and poses serious environmental problems. Therefore, more and more research is currently being undertaken to develop environmentally friendly ENMs for pest control.

Silicon (Si) is the second highest element in the earth's crust and is also a recognized environmentally friendly element. Researches show that Si can improve the stress resistance of crops to abiotic stress (drought and salt stress, nutrient limitation, metal toxicity and the like) and biotic (plant diseases and insect pests) stress. Compared with large-particle Si fertilizers, the Si ENMs have a series of special physical and chemical properties including small-size effect, surface interface effect, no other impurities and the like.

Therefore, the Si ENMs can not only avoid the defect of low utilization rate of common silicon fertilizer, but also effectively avoid the problems of interference of other impurity elements on plant growth and insect resistance and the like. For example, application in soil<100mg·kg^-1SiO of (2)₂The ENMs can remarkably increase the biomass of hawthorn and inhibit the pathogenesis of fusarium oxysporum and aspergillus niger. However, it is not yet clear under what conditions SiO is₂The ENMs can stably and efficiently promote the growth of crops, and how to enhance the defense capability of the crops to piercing-sucking pests.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve at least one problem, the method increases the lignin content in the crops by applying or spraying the silicon oxide on the roots or the leaf surfaces of the crops, thereby improving the defense capability against piercing-sucking pests and obviously ensuring the normal growth of the crops.

The first object of the present invention is a method for increasing the lignin content in crops based on silica by applying SiO to the roots or by spraying it onto the foliage of the crop₂ENMs nano pesticide solution.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the SiO₂The size of the ENMs nano pesticide is 20-120 nm, and the preferable size is 30-80 nm.

In one embodiment of the invention, the root applied SiO₂The concentration of the ENMs nano pesticide solution is 0.05-10 mg/L, and more preferably 0.5-5 mg/L.

In one embodiment of the invention, the root applied SiO₂The volume of the ENMs nano pesticide solution is 100-250 mL/plant, and more preferably 150-200 mL/plant.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the foliar-sprayed SiO₂The concentration of the ENMs nano pesticide solution is 1.0-20 mg/L, and more preferably 5-15 mg/L.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the foliar-sprayed SiO₂The volume of the ENMs nano pesticide solution is 50 to150 mL/strain, more preferably 80 to 120 mL/strain.

In one embodiment of the invention, SiO₂The period of applying the ENMs nano pesticide solution is the period of applying two leaves and one heart or four leaves and one heart to the crop plants.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the crop comprises one of rice, corn, wheat, green vegetables and tea.

The second purpose of the invention is a method for defending the crops from the piercing-sucking pests, which is based on silicon oxide to increase the content of lignin in the crops, and the method is to apply or spray SiO2ENMs nano pesticide solution on the roots or leaves of the crops.

In one embodiment of the invention, the piercing-sucking pests are one or more of mosquitoes, flies, thrips, aphids, plant hoppers and whiteflies, and the common property of the piercing-sucking pests is that mouthparts pierce into crops to suck the juice of the crops.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1)SiO₂ENMs can increase the lignin content of rice by applying SiO₂Seedlings of ENMs improved more than 30.13% over those without application; SiO2₂ENMs can ensure the normal growth of rice seedlings in the presence of planthoppers without SiO₂The ENMs rice seedlings are easy to wither and die; SiO2₂The ENMs can increase the fresh weight of the overground part, the fresh weight of the root, the dry weight of the overground part and the dry weight of the root of the rice seedling, and apply SiO₂The aerial fresh weight of seedlings of the ENMs is increased by 61.88% over that without application; applying SiO₂The root fresh weight of seedlings of the ENMs is improved by 27.28% over that of the seedlings without application; applying SiO₂The overground dry weight of seedlings of the ENMs is increased 114.75% over that without application; applying SiO₂The dry weight of roots of seedlings of the ENMs was increased by 91.56% over that without application.

(2) According to the invention, by increasing the content of lignin in the plant, the defense capability of the plant to piercing-sucking pests is obviously improved, and the normal growth of the plant is obviously ensured.

(3) The method is simple to operate, green and environment-friendly.

(4) The invention is based on SiO₂The ENMs can reduce the damage of the piercing-sucking pests to crops by increasing the synthesis of lignin, improving an ascorbic acid circulation path of rice seedlings, promoting signal transduction of auxin and the like. Whereas SiO is currently conventionally utilized₂The ENMs are used for inducing crops to produce allelochemicals such as jasmonic acid and jasmonic acid derivatives and the like to enhance the defense capability against some pests (armyworms).

Drawings

FIG. 1 shows the use of SiO in example 1₂TEM images of the ems.

FIG. 2 is SiO in example 1₂And (3) improving the rice lignin by the ENMs.

FIG. 3 shows SiO in example 1₂Visual photographs of the production status of ENMs after inoculation of planthoppers on rice seedlings.

FIG. 4 shows SiO in example 1₂Promotion of the fresh weight of the ENMs on the overground part of the rice seedlings after inoculation of planthoppers.

FIG. 5 shows SiO in example 1₂ENMs are the increase in root fresh weight of rice seedlings after they are inoculated with planthoppers.

FIG. 6 shows SiO in example 1₂Promotion of the dry weight of the aerial parts of the ENMs after inoculation of the planthopper on the rice seedlings.

FIG. 7 shows SiO in example 1₂Promotion of the dry weight of the roots of the ENMs after inoculation of planthoppers in rice seedlings.

Detailed Description

The following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is provided for the purpose of better illustrating the invention and is not intended to limit the invention thereto.

The test method comprises the following steps:

testing of lignin content:

after washing the sample (about 10mg) in glacial acetic acid containing 25% acetyl bromide, it was then incubated in a glacial acetic acid glass tube containing 1ml of 25% acetyl bromide at 70 ℃ for 30 minutes, 0.9ml of 2M NaOH, 5ml of glacial acetic acid and 0.1ml of 7.5M hydroxylamine hydrochloride were added to the tube and diluted to 10 ml with glacial acetic acid. After centrifugation at 1000g for 5 minutes, the lignin content was determined by measuring the absorbance at 280nm with an ultraviolet absorptiometer.

Example 1

Based on 50nm SiO₂Method for increasing the lignin content in crops by using ENMs (TEM image as shown in figure 1), comprising the following steps:

(1) sterilizing rice seeds from agricultural academy of sciences of Jiangsu province in 5% sodium hypochlorite solution for 10 min, and then washing with deionized water for 3 times for sterilization;

(2) soaking the rice seeds in deionized water for 4 hours after disinfection, then putting the rice seeds into a culture dish padded with moist filter paper, culturing under the dark condition of a greenhouse, and spraying water regularly every day;

(3) after 5 days of culture, selecting rice seeds with uniform buds, and transferring the rice seeds into a 1.0L water culture vessel;

(4) when the rice seedlings grow to four leaves and one core, SiO with the concentration of 5mg/L is added into the roots₂200mL of ENMs solution; equal amount (10 heads) of planthopper was inoculated to rice seedlings, and then the seedlings were harvested after 10 days of culture.

Comparative example 1

Omission of SiO in example 1₂Seedlings were obtained by applying the ENMs, otherwise in accordance with example 1.

The seedlings obtained in example 1 and comparative example 1 were subjected to a performance test, and the test results were as follows:

SiO₂ENMs can increase the lignin content of rice by applying SiO₂Seedlings of ENMs increased more than 30.13% over that without application (fig. 2); SiO2₂ENMs can ensure the normal growth of rice seedlings in the presence of planthoppers without SiO₂ENMs rice seedlings are susceptible to withering and death (fig. 3); SiO2₂The ENMs can increase the fresh weight of the overground part, the fresh weight of the root, the dry weight of the overground part and the dry weight of the root of the rice seedling, and apply SiO₂The overground fresh weight of seedlings of ENMs was increased by 61.88% over that without application (fig. 4); applying SiO₂Seedlings of ENMs had a 27.28% increase in root fresh weight over that which was not applied (fig. 5); applying SiO₂Larva of ENMsThe overground part dry weight of the seedlings was increased 114.75% over that without application (fig. 6); applying SiO₂The dry weight of roots of seedlings of the ENMs was increased by 91.56% over that without application (fig. 7).

Example 2

Adjusting SiO in example 1₂The dimensions of the ENMs are as in Table 1, the other parameters are kept the same as in example 1, and seedlings are obtained.

The obtained seedlings were subjected to performance tests, and the test results are shown in table 1.

Table 1 test data for example 2

Example 3

Adjusting SiO in example 1₂Seedlings were obtained with the application of ENMs as in Table 2, the other parameters being identical to those of example 1.

The obtained seedlings were subjected to performance tests, and the test results are shown in table 2.

Table 2 test data for example 3

Example 4

Adjusting SiO in example 1₂The application mode of the ENMs is foliar spraying, the concentration is 10mg/L, the application volume is 50-150, and other parameters are kept consistent with those in example 1 to obtain seedlings.

The obtained seedlings were subjected to performance tests, and the test results are shown in table 3.

Table 3 test data for example 4

Example 5

Seedlings were obtained by adjusting the rice in example 1 to wheat, adjusting the application volume as shown in Table 4, and keeping the other parameters in agreement with example 1.

The obtained seedlings were subjected to performance tests, and the test results are shown in table 4.

Table 4 test data for example 5

Example 6

In the adjustment example 1, the rice is green vegetables, and the plant hoppers are aphids and SiO₂The concentration of the ENMs solution was 10mg/L, the application volume was 50-150mL, and other parameters were kept the same as in example 1 to obtain seedlings.

The obtained seedlings were subjected to performance tests, and the test results are shown in table 5.

Table 5 test data for example 6

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. Method for increasing lignin content in crops based on silicon oxide, characterized in that the method is implemented by applying SiO on roots or spraying SiO on leaves of crops₂ENMs nano pesticide solution.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the SiO is₂The size of the ENMs nano pesticide is 20-120 nm.

3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the root applied SiO₂The concentration of the ENMs nano pesticide solution is 0.05-10 mg/L.

4. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the root applied SiO₂The volume of the ENMs nano pesticide solution is 100-250 mL per plant.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the foliar-sprayed SiO₂The concentration of the ENMs nano pesticide solution is 1.0-20 mg/L.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the foliar-sprayed SiO₂The volume of the ENMs nano pesticide solution is 50-150mL per plant.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein SiO is used as the material for the coating layer₂The period of applying the ENMs nano pesticide solution is the period of applying two leaves and one heart or four leaves and one heart to the crop plants.

8. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 wherein the crop comprises one of rice, maize, wheat, green vegetables, tea.

9. A method for defending crops from piercing-sucking pests is characterized in that the method is used for defending the piercing-sucking pests by increasing the lignin content in the crops based on silicon oxide, and the method is specifically used for applying SiO to roots of the crops or spraying SiO to leaf surfaces of the crops₂ENMs nano pesticide solution.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the SiO is₂The size of the ENMs nano pesticide is 30-80 nm; the root-applied SiO₂The concentration of the ENMs nano pesticide solution is 0.5-5 mg/L; the root-applied SiO₂The volume of the ENMs nano pesticide solution is 150-200 mL per plant; the SiO sprayed on the leaf surface₂The concentration of the ENMs nano pesticide solution is 5-15 mg/L; the SiO sprayed on the leaf surface₂The volume of the ENMs nano pesticide solution is 80-120 mL per plant.