CN112578005A - Asphalt mixture quality evaluation method for quantifying relative humidity factor - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an asphalt mixture quality evaluation method for quantifying relative humidity factors, which comprises the following steps: preparing a sample, preserving health, measuring a dielectric constant, establishing a dielectric theoretical model, verifying the theoretical model and evaluating the quality; the step of establishing the dielectric theoretical model specifically comprises the following steps: establishing a quantitative relation between the relative humidity and the dielectric constant based on the data acquired in the dielectric constant measuring step to obtain a dielectric theoretical model; the quality evaluation step specifically comprises: and calculating the conductivity activation energy value according to the dielectric theory model for evaluating the quality of the asphalt mixture. According to the invention, the dielectric constant theoretical model about the relative humidity is constructed by quantifying the relative humidity, so that the influence of the relative humidity on the quality evaluation of the asphalt mixture can be reduced, and the improvement of the detection precision of nondestructive detection equipment is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of road engineering, in particular to an asphalt mixture quality evaluation method for quantifying relative humidity factors.
Background
The road nondestructive testing technology has the characteristics of high efficiency, high speed and no damage, and is an important trend for future development in the field of road testing. In the case of asphalt pavement, nondestructive testing equipment is used for evaluating the quality of asphalt pavement materials on the basis of the difference of dielectric constant values of the asphalt pavement materials at different positions of a certain road section. The dielectric constant value of the asphalt pavement material is usually related to engineering indexes such as density, compactness and the like, and the pavement diseases can be judged according to the difference of the dielectric constant values at different positions. Therefore, it is important to realize accurate measurement of the dielectric constant of the asphalt pavement material for the quality evaluation of asphalt pavement.
At present, the related research on the dielectric constant of the asphalt mixture mainly focuses on the proportional relationship between the dielectric constant and the components of each component, including common Brown model, CRIM model, Rayleigh model and the like, and has been applied to a certain extent in a plurality of research fields. The models only consider the proportional relation among the components, and lack consideration of factors such as environmental factors and the like which may influence the precision of nondestructive testing. On the basis, a part of experts also consider the influence of the frequency factor of the nondestructive testing equipment and the temperature factor in the external environment on the testing precision, and establish a composite material dielectric model based on the temperature and the frequency, but the theoretical models have limited improvement on the precision of the nondestructive testing equipment, and do not take the important environmental factor of the relative humidity into the influence factor. In an actual environment, besides the influence of dynamically changing temperature, the change of relative humidity can also influence the measurement of the dielectric constant of the nondestructive testing equipment in real time. Therefore, it is particularly necessary to provide an asphalt mixture quality evaluation method for quantifying the relative humidity factor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an asphalt mixture quality evaluation method for quantifying relative humidity factors, which is used for solving the problem that the humidity factor is not considered when the influence factors on the dielectric properties of the asphalt mixture are evaluated in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an asphalt mixture quality evaluation method for quantifying relative humidity factors, which comprises the following steps: preparing a sample, preserving health, measuring a dielectric constant, establishing a dielectric theoretical model, verifying the theoretical model and evaluating the quality; the dielectric theoretical model establishing step specifically comprises the following steps: establishing a quantitative relation between the relative humidity and the dielectric constant based on the data acquired in the dielectric constant measuring step to obtain a dielectric theoretical model; the quality evaluation step specifically comprises: and calculating the conductivity activation energy value according to the dielectric theory model for evaluating the quality of the asphalt mixture.
Wherein, the expression of the dielectric theoretical model in the step of establishing the dielectric theoretical model is as follows:
wherein ε is a dielectric constant εbIs the dielectric constant, ε, of the bitumensIs the dielectric constant of the aggregate, d is the thickness of the test sample, KHIs the product of the number of dipoles per unit volume introduced per unit humidity, the polarizability and the local electric field, H is the relative humidity, U is the voltage value, vHIs the volume proportion of air, vbIs the volume fraction of bitumen, vsIs the volume proportion of the aggregate.
Wherein K is expressed in the expression of the dielectric theoretical modelH＝NHαHE'; wherein N isHNumber of dipoles per unit volume introduced per unit humidity, alphaHE' is the local electric field in the dielectric for the polarizability introduced per unit of humidity.
Wherein, the sample preparation step specifically comprises: selecting asphalt and aggregate to mix to prepare a mixture, compacting, cutting and processing the mixture to prepare samples, wherein each group of the mixture comprises at least 3 parallel samples.
Preferably, the asphalt in the sample preparation step is selected from SBS modified asphalt, and the aggregate is selected from limestone; the samples were all thin sheets with a hole in the middle.
Wherein, the health preserving step specifically includes: and respectively putting the samples into a plurality of constant-temperature constant-humidity boxes with different humidity indexes for curing.
The dielectric constant testing method specifically comprises the following steps: and respectively measuring the dielectric constants of the samples subjected to the curing treatment under different humidity conditions.
Wherein, the dielectric constant test platform is adopted to test in the dielectric constant test step, the test temperature is 30-60 ℃, the set value of the test voltage is 2V, and the test frequency is 1 KHz-1 MHz.
The theoretical model verifying method specifically comprises the following steps: drawing an actually measured curve about relative humidity-dielectric constant based on the dielectric constant under different humidity conditions actually measured in the dielectric constant measuring step; drawing a model curve about relative humidity-dielectric constant based on the dielectric theoretical model; and when the fitting degree of the comparison model curve and the actual measurement curve is greater than a preset value, judging that the dielectric theoretical model is effective.
Preferably, the preset value for comparing the fitting degree of the homotypic curve and the measured curve is 0.95.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method is different from the prior art, and the relative humidity factor is quantified to construct a dielectric constant theoretical model related to the relative humidity, so that the influence of the relative humidity on the quality evaluation of the asphalt mixture can be reduced, and the detection precision of nondestructive detection equipment is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the method for evaluating the quality of an asphalt mixture based on a temperature-frequency equivalent model according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the sample preparation step in example 1 of the present invention: a is a rotary compaction test piece, b is a standard test piece, c is a thin slice, d is a test piece, e is the test piece diameter measurement, and f is the test piece thickness measurement;
FIG. 3 is a graph comparing the relative humidity-dielectric constant curves of the asphalt mixture of example 1 of the present invention at different test frequencies.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flow chart illustrating an embodiment of a method for evaluating quality of asphalt mixture based on a temperature-frequency equivalent model according to the present invention. The invention discloses an asphalt mixture quality evaluation method for quantifying relative humidity factors, which comprises the following steps:
and S1, preparing samples. In the step, asphalt and aggregate are selected and mixed to prepare a mixture, the mixture is compacted, cut and processed to prepare samples, and each group of the mixture comprises at least 3 parallel samples; in the embodiment, the asphalt is selected from SBS modified asphalt, the aggregate is selected from limestone, and the test samples are all thin sheets with holes in the middle; in other embodiments, the material and the preparation of the sample may be adaptively selected according to actual requirements, and are not limited herein.
And S2, preserving health. In this step, the samples are respectively placed in a plurality of constant temperature and humidity chambers with different humidity indexes for health preservation, the humidity conditions for health preservation set in this embodiment are respectively 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% and 100%, and in other embodiments, the humidity conditions can be set according to actual conditions, which is not limited herein.
S3, measuring the dielectric constant. In the step, the dielectric constants of the samples subjected to the curing treatment under different humidity conditions are respectively measured, and the conductivity activation energy is calculated. In this embodiment, the dielectric constant test step adopts a dielectric constant test platform for testing, and the parameters of the dielectric constant test are as follows: the testing temperature is 30-60 ℃, the set value of the testing voltage is 2V, the testing frequency is 1 KHz-1 MHz, and the specific testing frequency is 1KHz, 10KHz, 100KHz and 1 MHz.
And S4, establishing a dielectric theoretical model. The polar gas occupies most of the air, and the moisture is taken as the typical polar gas, and the increase of the content thereof can greatly increase the polarization intensity. Theoretically, the influence of the relative humidity on the dielectric constant of the asphalt mixture is essentially the influence on the electric polarization strength of the asphalt mixture.
As can be seen from the definition of electric polarization intensity, the magnitude of electric polarization intensity is equal to the surface density of the polarization charge generated by electric polarization, that is:
P＝σ′ (1)
in formula (1): p is the electric polarization strength; σ' is the polarization charge areal density.
The magnitude of the electric field intensity generated by the free charges and the polarized charges is respectively shown as the following formulas (2) and (3):
in formulae (2) and (3): is E0The electric field strength generated by the free charges; e' is the electric field strength generated by the polarization charge; σ is the free charge areal density; σ' is the polarization charge areal density; epsilon0The dielectric constant of a vacuum.
The electric field strength in the medium can be expressed as:
the following relationship exists due to the electric field strength:
the free charge areal density versus polarization charge areal density can be expressed as:
therefore, the relationship between the electric polarization strength and the electric field strength in the dielectric can be further obtained as follows:
the relationship between dielectric constant and electric polarization strength can be obtained as follows:
for a uniform electric field, the electric field strength can be expressed as:
the dielectric permittivity versus electrical polarization strength can be expressed as:
because the fitting goodness of the CRIM model is relatively good, the expression of adopting the CRIM model as an asphalt mixture dielectric model is shown in the following formula (11):
generally, the dielectric constant of the air component is treated as 1, but if the moisture and relative humidity in the air are taken into consideration, the change of the dielectric constant of the air component cannot be ignored. In dielectric physics, the strength of an electrode can be expressed as the total dipole moment of the dielectric per unit volume, i.e.:
P＝NαE′ (12)
in formula (12): n is the number of dipoles in a unit volume; α is the polarizability per unit; e' is the local electric field in the dielectric.
The effect of moisture on the strength of the electric polarization can be expressed as:
PH＝HNHαHE′ (13)
in formula (13): h is relative humidity; n is a radical ofHNumber of dipoles per unit volume introduced per unit humidity; alpha is alphaHIs the polarizability introduced per unit of humidity.
Suppose that under the test conditions, part isThe electric field does not change with the relative humidity, so N can be adjustedHαHConstant K for EHExpressed, the resulting expression is:
PH＝HKH (14)
the simultaneous formula can be given as:
the equation (15) is simplified to a relationship between the dielectric constant and the relative humidity, which is expressed by the following equation (16):
since the dielectric constants of the component volumes and the aggregate and asphalt components are known, the dielectric constant in vacuum is 1, the electric field intensity can be set, and the unknown variable in the formula (16) is only the relative humidity, the theoretical relation between the relative humidity and the dielectric constant of the asphalt mixture can be obtained.
And S5, verifying the theoretical model. In the step, an actually measured curve about relative humidity-dielectric constant is drawn based on the dielectric constants under different humidity conditions actually measured in the dielectric constant measuring step; drawing a model curve about relative humidity-dielectric constant based on the dielectric theoretical model; and comparing the fitting degree of the model curve and the actually measured curve, and judging that the dielectric theoretical model has better evaluation applicability to the asphalt mixture when the fitting degree is greater than a preset value. In the present embodiment, the degree of fitting R is determined2The reference preset value for comparison is set to 0.95, and in other embodiments, the reference preset value may be adaptively adjusted according to actual requirements, which is not limited herein.
And S6, evaluating the quality. In the step, the conductivity activation energy value is calculated according to the dielectric theory model and the measured parameters such as relative humidity, and the like, and the conductivity activation energy value is used for evaluating the quality of the asphalt mixture. The relative humidity is quantified, the relative humidity is integrated into an expression of a dielectric constant theoretical model, and the dielectric constant theoretical model related to the relative humidity is established, so that the influence of the relative humidity on the quality evaluation of the asphalt mixture can be reduced, and the detection precision of nondestructive detection equipment is improved.
The application effect of the asphalt mixture quality evaluation method for quantifying the relative humidity factor is explained by the specific embodiment.
Example 1
(1) The test samples were prepared.
An AC-20C limestone-asphalt mixture test piece is selected as a research object, aggregate is limestone and basalt from Hubei province of China, asphalt is SBS modified asphalt, all indexes meet the standard requirements, the optimal oilstone ratio is 4.3%, the porosity of the test piece is guaranteed to be controlled to be about 4%, and the matching ratio is shown in the following table 1.
TABLE 1 limestone AC-20C asphalt mixture grading composition table
Referring to fig. 2, the specific sample preparation method is as follows:
(a) an initial sample was prepared. SBS modified asphalt from Hubei province of China is adopted, and limestone aggregate from Hubei province of China is adopted. And combining the asphalt and the aggregate to prepare an asphalt mixture rotary compaction test piece.
(b) And cutting the standard test piece. As the obtained asphalt mixture is rotated and compacted to obtain a test piece with the diameter of 150mm and the height of 170mm, as shown in figure 2(a), a core drilling machine and a cutting machine are utilized to process the test piece into a standard test piece with the diameter of 100mm and the height of 170mm, as shown in figure 2 (b). Controlling the porosity of the obtained standard test piece within the range of 4 +/-0.5%.
(c) The measurement sample was cut. According to the size requirement of the high-temperature dielectric constant test platform for the tested object, the obtained standard test piece is processed into a sheet with the thickness of about 10mm, as shown in figure 2(c), core drilling is carried out on the sheet, the asphalt mixture test piece which is suitable for the high-temperature dielectric constant test platform and is suitable for being used in figure 2(d) and has the diameter of about 26mm as shown in figure 2(e) and the thickness of about 10mm as shown in figure 2(f) is obtained, and at least 5 intact parallel test samples are prepared for each type of aggregate and asphalt combination.
(2) And (5) preserving health.
The high temperature test platform used in this embodiment is HTMS10Y1110 manufactured by changsha trigen electronic technology limited, the obtained standard test piece is processed into a sheet with a thickness of about 10mm according to the size requirement of the high temperature test platform for the measured object, as shown in fig. 2(c), and then core drilling is performed on the sheet to obtain an asphalt mixture test piece which is suitable for the high temperature test platform with dielectric constant as shown in fig. 2(d), has a diameter of about 26mm as shown in fig. 2(e) and a thickness of about 10mm as shown in fig. 2(f), and at least 5 intact parallel test samples of each type of aggregate and asphalt combination are prepared. In this embodiment, the apparatus used for health preservation is mainly a constant temperature and humidity chamber, and the humidity conditions for health preservation are set to be 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, and 100%, respectively.
(3) And (5) testing the dielectric constant.
The device adopted in the embodiment is a dielectric constant high-temperature test platform which is usually used for testing the dielectric constant of a tested object, and the device mainly comprises a fixing device, an isolation layer, a measuring device, an environment box and a heating device. And after the asphalt mixture test piece reaches a constant temperature and humidity state, performing a dielectric constant test on the asphalt mixture by using a dielectric constant test platform. Six asphalt mixture test pieces which are cured under the conditions of 50 percent, 60 percent, 70 percent, 80 percent, 90 percent and 100 percent of relative humidity are subjected to dielectric constant measurement tests under four frequency conditions of 1KHz, 10KHz, 100KHz and 1MHz in sequence, and the test voltage is 2V.
Because 3 parallel test samples may have certain variability, in order to ensure the reliability and the authenticity of test data, if the variation coefficient of the dielectric constant of the test sample at ordinary times at a certain frequency and a certain temperature exceeds 1%, the uniformity of the test piece is proved to be poor, and a batch of samples need to be reselected for testing.
(4) Establishing a dielectric theoretical model, wherein the expression of the dielectric theoretical model is as follows:
wherein ε represents a dielectric constant ∈bIs the dielectric constant, ε, of the bitumensIs the dielectric constant of the aggregate, d is the thickness of the test sample, KHIs the product of the number of dipoles per unit volume introduced per unit humidity, the polarizability and the local electric field, H is the relative humidity, U is the voltage value, vHIs the volume proportion of air, vbIs the volume fraction of bitumen, vsIs the volume proportion of the aggregate. K in the expression of the dielectric theoretical modelH＝NHαHE′，NHNumber of dipoles per unit volume, alpha, introduced per unit humidityHE' is the local electric field in the dielectric for the polarizability introduced per unit of humidity.
(5) And verifying the dielectric theoretical model.
Dielectric constants of the asphalt mixture test piece under six relative humidity conditions of 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% and 100%, and four frequency conditions of 1KHz, 10KHz, 100KHz and 1MHz are measured, a relational graph is drawn as shown in the following figure 3, wherein the represented fitting value data are obtained by fitting the dielectric theoretical model, and the results of the related fitting parameters are shown in the following table 2.
TABLE 2 model parameter fitting results
| Frequency (Hz) | vH | vb | vs | U | d | KH | R2 |
| 1K | 0.04 | 0.396 | 0.9204 | 2 | 0.01 | 65.60 | 0.9519 |
| 10K | 0.04 | 0.396 | 0.9204 | 2 | 0.01 | 37.32 | 0.9593 |
| 100K | 0.04 | 0.396 | 0.9204 | 2 | 0.01 | 16.93 | 0.9525 |
| 1M | 0.04 | 0.396 | 0.9204 | 2 | 0.01 | 4.49 | 0.9547 |
From the results of the dielectric constant test of the asphalt mixture obtained in fig. 3 under the four-frequency and six-relative-humidity conditions, the asphalt mixture dielectric model R based on relative humidity obtained in this example2Has better fitting goodness, and R is obtained under four different frequency conditions2The goodness of fit of the model is more than 0.95, the model is practical and effective for measuring the dielectric constant of the asphalt mixture, and can be used as a theoretical basis for quantifying the influence of the relative humidity on the dielectric property of the asphalt mixture.
Based on the above test data, the following analysis will be made with respect to the influence of two factors, frequency and relative humidity, respectively.
a. From the frequency perspective, in the frequency range of 1KHz to 1MHz, the dielectric constant of the asphalt mixture is reduced along with the increase of the frequency, which shows that the frequency is a main factor influencing the dielectric constant of the asphalt mixture. Meanwhile, the decrease range of the dielectric constant value increases with the increase of the relative humidity, the difference of the dielectric constant of the asphalt mixture at 100% relative humidity is 0.6292 at most, and the difference of the dielectric constant of the asphalt mixture at 50% relative humidity is 0.2942 at least, so that the influence factor of the relative humidity can be seen to have a great influence on the dielectric constant.
b. From the perspective of relative humidity, in the range of 50% to 100% of relative humidity, the dielectric constant of the asphalt mixture increases with the increase of the relative humidity, which shows that the relative humidity is a main factor influencing the dielectric constant of the asphalt mixture. Meanwhile, the magnitude of increase in the dielectric constant value decreased with the increase in frequency, and the difference in dielectric constant was measured to be 0.2942 at maximum at 1KHz and 0.1007 at minimum at 1 MHz.
The analysis of the asphalt mixture quality evaluation method based on the quantitative relative humidity factor can be effectively applied to the nondestructive testing process, the testing precision of nondestructive testing equipment is improved, and a foundation is laid for the application and popularization of the nondestructive testing equipment.
The method is different from the prior art, and the relative humidity factor is quantified to construct a dielectric constant theoretical model related to the relative humidity, so that the influence of the relative humidity on the quality evaluation of the asphalt mixture can be reduced, and the detection precision of nondestructive detection equipment is improved.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for evaluating the quality of an asphalt mixture by quantifying relative humidity factors is characterized by comprising the following steps: preparing a sample, preserving health, measuring a dielectric constant, establishing a dielectric theoretical model, verifying the theoretical model and evaluating the quality;
the step of establishing the dielectric theoretical model specifically comprises the following steps: establishing a quantitative relation between the relative humidity and the dielectric constant based on the data acquired in the dielectric constant measuring step to obtain a dielectric theoretical model;
the quality evaluation step specifically comprises: and calculating the conductivity activation energy value according to the dielectric theory model for evaluating the quality of the asphalt mixture.
2. The asphalt mixture quality evaluation method for quantifying the relative humidity factor according to claim 1, wherein the dielectric theoretical model in the dielectric theoretical model establishing step has an expression as follows:
wherein ε is a dielectric constant εbIs the dielectric constant, ε, of the bitumensIs the dielectric constant of the aggregate, d is the thickness of the test sample, KHIs the product of the number of dipoles per unit volume introduced per unit humidity, the polarizability and the local electric field, H is the relative humidity, U is the voltage value, vHIs the volume proportion of air, vbIs the volume proportion of bitumen, vsIs the volume proportion of the aggregate.
3. The asphalt mixture quality evaluation method for quantifying the relative humidity factor according to claim 1, wherein K is expressed in the expression of the dielectric theoretical modelH＝NHαHE′；
Wherein N isHNumber of dipoles per unit volume, alpha, introduced per unit humidityHE' is the local electric field in the dielectric for the polarizability introduced per unit of humidity.
4. The asphalt mixture quality evaluation method for quantifying the relative humidity factor according to claim 1, wherein the sample preparation step specifically comprises:
selecting asphalt and aggregate to mix to prepare a mixture, compacting, cutting and processing the mixture to prepare samples, wherein each group of the mixture comprises at least 3 parallel samples.
5. The method for evaluating the quality of asphalt mixture for quantifying the relative humidity according to claim 4, wherein the asphalt in the sample preparation step is selected from SBS modified asphalt, and the aggregate is selected from limestone;
the samples were all thin sheets with a hole in the middle.
6. The asphalt mixture quality evaluation method for quantifying the relative humidity factor according to claim 5, wherein the curing step specifically comprises:
and respectively putting the samples into a plurality of constant temperature and humidity boxes with different humidity indexes for curing.
7. The asphalt mixture quality evaluation method for quantifying the relative humidity factor according to claim 6, wherein the dielectric constant test step specifically comprises: and respectively measuring the dielectric constants of the samples subjected to the curing treatment under different humidity conditions.
8. The method for evaluating the quality of the asphalt mixture by quantifying the relative humidity factor according to claim 7, wherein the step of measuring the dielectric constant is carried out by using a dielectric constant measuring platform, the measuring temperature is 30-60 ℃, the set value of the measuring voltage is 2V, and the measuring frequency is 1 KHz-1 MHz.
9. The asphalt mixture quality evaluation method for quantifying the relative humidity factor according to claim 6, wherein the step of verifying the theoretical model specifically comprises:
drawing an actually measured curve about relative humidity-dielectric constant based on the dielectric constants under different humidity conditions actually measured in the dielectric constant measuring step;
drawing a model curve about relative humidity-dielectric constant based on the dielectric theoretical model;
and when the fitting degree of the model curve and the actually measured curve is larger than a preset value, the dielectric theoretical model is judged to be effective.
10. The method for evaluating the quality of asphalt mixture to quantify the relative humidity factor as set forth in claim 9, wherein the preset value for comparing the fitting degree of the model curve with the measured curve is 0.95.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022110910A1 (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2022-06-02 | 武汉理工大学 | Asphalt mixture quality evaluation method for quantifying relative humidity factor |
| WO2023284114A1 (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2023-01-19 | 武汉理工大学 | Method and system for predicting water content of asphalt mixture, and device and storage medium |
| CN113567753A (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2021-10-29 | 武汉理工大学 | Dielectric equivalent conversion method, system, equipment and medium for asphalt mixture |
| CN113567753B (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2022-04-19 | 武汉理工大学 | Dielectric equivalent conversion method, system, equipment and medium for asphalt mixture |
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