CN112563938B - Off-grid wind-solar complementary control inversion integrated machine - Google Patents
Off-grid wind-solar complementary control inversion integrated machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN112563938B CN112563938B CN202011332870.0A CN202011332870A CN112563938B CN 112563938 B CN112563938 B CN 112563938B CN 202011332870 A CN202011332870 A CN 202011332870A CN 112563938 B CN112563938 B CN 112563938B
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- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02B—BOARDS, SUBSTATIONS OR SWITCHING ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE SUPPLY OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02B1/00—Frameworks, boards, panels, desks, casings; Details of substations or switching arrangements
- H02B1/54—Anti-seismic devices or installations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02B—BOARDS, SUBSTATIONS OR SWITCHING ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE SUPPLY OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02B1/00—Frameworks, boards, panels, desks, casings; Details of substations or switching arrangements
- H02B1/26—Casings; Parts thereof or accessories therefor
- H02B1/46—Boxes; Parts thereof or accessories therefor
- H02B1/48—Mounting of devices therein
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
- H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
- H02J2300/26—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin involving maximum power point tracking control for photovoltaic sources
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an off-grid wind-light complementary control inversion integrated machine, belongs to the field of wind-light power generation, relates to an off-grid wind-light complementary control inversion technology, and is used for solving the problems that in the prior art, damping measures of the integrated machine are insufficient and the integrated machine is easy to damage; the control panel is fixed through the stay rope by installing a plurality of pulley blocks in the off-grid wind-solar complementary control inversion integrated machine and arranging connecting lugs on the control panel, so that the control panel Xu Xuanfu is arranged in the chassis, and vibration damage caused by hard contact is avoided; through installing a plurality of rectangular frames in rectangular frame both sides for the control panel does not collide with rectangular frame under violent vibrations, further solved the harm that vibrations caused the control panel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of wind and light power generation, relates to an off-grid wind and light complementary control inversion technology, and in particular relates to an off-grid wind and light complementary control inversion integrated machine.
Background
In areas or regions far away from the power grid, such as frontier posts of troops, relay stations for post and telecommunications, signal stations for highways and railways, workstations for geological exploration and field investigation, remote farmers, and the like, a low-cost and high-reliability independent power supply system is required.
The project belongs to the field of wind-solar complementation, and the application of wind energy and solar energy is complementary in time and space, so that two intermittent unstable energy sources are organically combined for users to use.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an off-grid wind-solar complementary control inversion integrated machine, which is used for solving the problems of insufficient damping measures and easy damage of the integrated machine in the prior art.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
the off-grid wind-solar complementary control inversion integrated machine comprises a box body, wherein the box body comprises a rectangular frame and a front cover plate, the front cover plate is installed on one side surface of the box body, and a liquid crystal control display, a voltmeter, a switch and a reset button are installed on the front cover plate;
a plurality of shock absorbers, a plurality of pulley blocks and a control board are arranged in the rectangular frame;
the pulley blocks are fixedly arranged at the top part in the rectangular frame, and the pulley blocks are equidistantly arranged; the shock absorbers are fixedly arranged at two ends in the rectangular frame, and are symmetrically arranged;
the control panel is arranged in the rectangular frame and is positioned in the middle position; one end of the control board is welded with two connecting lugs, two connecting lugs are provided with fixing holes, connecting wires penetrate through the fixing holes, and the connecting wires penetrate through a plurality of pulley blocks to be fixedly connected in the other fixing holes;
the other end of the plate is welded with a stabilizing block, a waist hole is formed in the middle of the stabilizing block, a fixing bolt is arranged in the waist hole, and the fixing bolt is connected with the pulley block through a pull rope.
Further, the control board comprises an MPPT rectifying circuit, an inverter circuit and an unloading circuit; the input end of the MPPT rectifying circuit is connected with the wind driven generator and the solar photovoltaic panel, and the output end of the MPPT rectifying circuit is connected to the storage battery; the input end of the inverter circuit is connected with the storage battery, and the output end of the inverter circuit is connected with the alternating current load; the unloading circuit is connected to the connecting line of the storage battery and the MPPT rectifying circuit.
Further, the inverter circuit comprises an MCU, a single-phase full-bridge circuit, a transformer and an LC filter circuit; the input of the unidirectional full-bridge circuit is a storage battery, and the output is connected to the transformer through an LC filter circuit.
Further, the unloading circuit comprises a power tube and an unloading resistor, wherein a branch circuit formed by connecting the power tube and the unloading resistor in series is connected with the anode and the cathode of the MPPT rectifying circuit, and the power tube of the unloading circuit is controlled to be disconnected by the MCU of the inverter circuit.
Further, the MPPT rectifying circuit comprises an MCU, a three-phase uncontrollable rectifying bridge, two buck-boost parallel circuits and a driving and protecting circuit; the input of the three-phase uncontrollable rectifier bridge is connected with the solar photovoltaic panel and the wind power generator, and the output of the three-phase uncontrollable rectifier bridge is connected with two buck-boost parallel circuits; the driving and protecting circuit is respectively connected with the MCU of the rectifying circuit and the power tube of the unloading circuit.
Further, the MCU of the rectification circuit collects output voltage and current of the two Buck-Boost parallel circuits, the duty ratio of the PWM wave of the power tube is determined according to an MPPT algorithm, and the MPPT algorithm adopts a disturbance observation method, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step one: collecting the voltage of a storage battery, the charging current of a solar photovoltaic panel and the charging current of a wind driven generator at set time intervals, and respectively calculating the output power of the solar photovoltaic panel and the output power of the wind driven generator, wherein the output power is equal to the voltage of the storage battery multiplied by the charging current;
step two: the duty ratio of the power tubes of the two Buck-Boost circuits is respectively changed, the disturbance quantity is added with the duty ratio, and when the duty ratio is changed, the output voltage of the Buck-Boost circuits is changed, which means that the output power of the wind driven generator or the solar photovoltaic panel is changed;
step three: the state flag bit C is used for representing the disturbance direction, and if the output power of the branch at the later moment is greater than the output power of the branch at the former moment, the disturbance direction is proved to be correct; c=0 represents that the direction is a positive direction and the disturbance quantity is a positive value; c=1 represents that the direction is a negative direction and the disturbance quantity is a negative value;
step four: if the output power of the branch at the later moment is less than the output power of the branch at the previous moment, the disturbance direction is wrong, the direction change continues to be disturbed, the duty ratio of the final power tube can fluctuate near a certain value, the output power of the solar photovoltaic panel and the wind driven generator can fluctuate near the respective maximum power point, and the fluctuation degree is small.
Further, when the voltage of the storage battery is higher than a set value 1, the MCU of the inverter circuit sends a driving signal to the power tube of the unloading circuit, the power tube is turned on, and the unloading resistor is connected; the duty ratio of the power tube driving signal of the unloading circuit is in direct proportion to the voltage of the storage battery, and the larger the duty ratio is, the larger the opening degree of the power tube is, and the more energy is consumed on the unloading resistor; when the voltage of the storage battery is higher than a set value 2, the duty ratio of the power tube is maximum, the power tube is completely opened, and the unloading resistor is completely connected to the output end of the rectifying circuit.
Further, the shock absorber is specifically a damping shock absorber.
Further, the pulley block comprises a triangular fixing frame and a pulley, one end of the triangular fixing frame is fixed in the rectangular frame, and the other end of the triangular fixing frame is rotatably connected with the pulley.
Further, the pulley block is a single pulley, and the model number is 304-M15.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) Through at a plurality of assembly pulleys of off-grid scene complementary control contravariant all-in-one internally mounted and offer the engaging lug on the control panel, fix the control panel through the stay cord for control panel Xu Xuanfu is inside quick-witted case, has avoided the vibrations damage that hard contact caused.
(2) The control panel is prevented from colliding with the rectangular frames under severe vibration by installing the rectangular frames on the two sides of the rectangular frames, so that the damage of vibration to the control panel is further solved;
(3) When the wind speed and the sunlight meet the requirements, the device can rectify the output of the wind driven generator and the solar photovoltaic panel into direct current which can charge the storage battery and has an MPPT function; when the voltage of the storage battery exceeds the rated value, the equipment has the capacity of unloading and protecting the storage battery; the inverter circuit can convert direct current of the storage battery into alternating current of 220V and 50Hz for users to use, has protection functions of voltage stabilization, current limiting and the like, and can meet the use requirements of common household appliances;
(4) The MPPT rectifying circuit changes the duty ratio of the power tube at any time, respectively tracks the maximum power points of the solar photovoltaic panel and the wind driven generator, and can obtain more energy compared with the common uncontrollable rectifying circuit, thereby improving the energy utilization rate; the common rectifying circuit can only utilize the higher voltage of the wind driven generator and the solar photovoltaic panel at the same time, and the two Buck-Boost circuits can charge the storage battery at the same time, so that the mutual influence of the wind driven generator and the solar photovoltaic panel is avoided, and the energy utilization rate is improved;
(5) The inverter circuit inverts the direct current of the storage battery into alternating current, and has the functions of voltage stabilization, overvoltage, overcurrent, short circuit and undervoltage protection;
(6) When the voltage of the storage battery is higher than a set value, the unloading circuit consumes the energy output by the solar photovoltaic panel and the wind driven generator on the unloading resistor to protect the storage battery from being damaged; the equivalent resistance of the unloading resistor during unloading is in direct proportion to the voltage of the storage battery, so that the voltage stability of the storage battery is ensured, excessive energy cannot be consumed on the unloading resistor, and the energy utilization rate is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the case of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a case; 2. a rectangular frame; 3. a front cover plate; 4. a liquid crystal control display; 5. a voltmeter; 6. a switch; 7. a reset button; 8. a damper; 9. pulley block; 10. a control board; 11. a connecting lug; 12. a stabilizing block; 13. waist holes; 14. and (5) fixing bolts.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments of the invention, which are apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Accordingly, the detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the drawings below is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1-2, an off-grid wind-solar complementary control inversion integrated machine comprises a box body 1, wherein the box body 1 comprises a rectangular frame 2 and a front cover plate 3, the front cover plate 3 is arranged on one side surface of the box body 1, and a liquid crystal control display 4, a voltmeter 5, a switch 6 and a reset button 7 are arranged on the front cover plate 3;
a plurality of shock absorbers 8, a plurality of pulley blocks 9 and a control board 10 are arranged in the rectangular frame;
a plurality of pulley blocks 9 are fixedly arranged at the top part in the rectangular frame, and the pulley blocks 9 are equidistantly arranged; the shock absorbers 8 are fixedly arranged at two ends in the rectangular frame, and the shock absorbers 8 are symmetrically arranged;
the control board 10 is arranged in the rectangular frame and is positioned in the middle position; one end of the control board 10 is welded with two connecting lugs 11, two connecting lugs 11 are provided with fixing holes, connecting wires penetrate through the fixing holes, and the connecting wires penetrate through a plurality of pulley blocks 9 to be fixedly connected in the other fixing holes;
the other end of the plate is welded with a stabilizing block 12, a waist hole 13 is formed in the middle of the stabilizing block 12, a fixing bolt 14 is arranged in the waist hole 13, and the fixing bolt 14 is connected with the pulley block 9 through a pull rope; the shock absorber 8 is in particular a damping shock absorber; the pulley block 9 comprises a triangular fixing frame and pulleys, one end of the triangular fixing frame is fixed in the rectangular frame, and the other end of the triangular fixing frame is rotationally connected with the pulleys.
The pulley block 9 is a single pulley, and the model number is 304-M15.
The control board 10 comprises an MPPT rectifying circuit, an inverter circuit and an unloading circuit; the input end of the MPPT rectifying circuit is connected with the wind driven generator and the solar photovoltaic panel, and the output end of the MPPT rectifying circuit is connected to the storage battery; the input end of the inverter circuit is connected with the storage battery, and the output end of the inverter circuit is connected with the alternating current load; the unloading circuit is connected to the connecting line of the storage battery and the MPPT rectifying circuit.
The inverter circuit comprises an MCU, a single-phase full-bridge circuit, a transformer and an LC filter circuit; the input of the unidirectional full-bridge circuit is a storage battery, and the output is connected to the transformer through an LC filter circuit.
The unloading circuit comprises a power tube and an unloading resistor, wherein the power tube and a branch circuit after the unloading resistor are connected in series are connected with the anode and the cathode of the MPPT rectifying circuit, and the power tube of the unloading circuit is controlled to be disconnected by the MCU of the inverter circuit.
The MPPT rectifying circuit comprises an MCU, a three-phase uncontrollable rectifying bridge, two buck-boost parallel circuits and a driving and protecting circuit; the input of the three-phase uncontrollable rectifier bridge is connected with the solar photovoltaic panel and the wind power generator, and the output of the three-phase uncontrollable rectifier bridge is connected with two buck-boost parallel circuits; the driving and protecting circuit is connected with the MCU of the rectifying circuit and the power tube of the unloading circuit respectively.
The MCU of the rectification circuit collects output voltage and current of two Buck-Boost parallel circuits, the duty ratio of the PWM wave of the power tube is determined according to an MPPT algorithm, and the MPPT algorithm adopts a disturbance observation method, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step one: collecting the voltage of a storage battery, the charging current of a solar photovoltaic panel and the charging current of a wind driven generator at set time intervals, and respectively calculating the output power of the solar photovoltaic panel and the output power of the wind driven generator, wherein the output power is equal to the voltage of the storage battery multiplied by the charging current;
step two: the duty ratio of the power tubes of the two Buck-Boost circuits is respectively changed, the disturbance quantity is added with the duty ratio, and when the duty ratio is changed, the output voltage of the Buck-Boost circuits is changed, which means that the output power of the wind driven generator or the solar photovoltaic panel is changed;
step three: the state flag bit C is used for representing the disturbance direction, and if the output power of the branch at the later moment is greater than the output power of the branch at the former moment, the disturbance direction is proved to be correct; c=0 represents that the direction is a positive direction and the disturbance quantity is a positive value; c=1 represents that the direction is a negative direction and the disturbance quantity is a negative value;
step four: if the output power of the branch at the later moment is less than the output power of the branch at the previous moment, the disturbance direction is wrong, the direction change continues to be disturbed, the duty ratio of the final power tube can fluctuate near a certain value, the output power of the solar photovoltaic panel and the wind driven generator can fluctuate near the respective maximum power point, and the fluctuation degree is small.
When the voltage of the storage battery is higher than a set value 1, the MCU of the inverter circuit sends a driving signal to the power tube of the unloading circuit, the power tube is turned on, and the unloading resistor is connected; the duty ratio of the power tube driving signal of the unloading circuit is in direct proportion to the voltage of the storage battery, and the larger the duty ratio is, the larger the opening degree of the power tube is, and the more energy is consumed on the unloading resistor; when the voltage of the storage battery is higher than a set value 2, the duty ratio of the power tube is maximum, the power tube is completely opened, and the unloading resistor is completely connected to the output end of the rectifying circuit.
The invention is implemented in particular:
(1) Principle of maximum power tracking of solar photovoltaic panel
When the load resistance value is equal to the internal resistance of the solar photovoltaic panel, the output power of the solar photovoltaic panel is maximum. The internal resistance of the solar photovoltaic panel is related to the output voltage and current. When sunlight changes, the output voltage of the solar photovoltaic panel changes. The maximum power tracking essence is to change the equivalent impedance of the back-stage load of the solar photovoltaic panel by changing the duty ratio of the buck-boost circuit at any time, and when the equivalent impedance is equal to the internal resistance of the power supply, the maximum power is output.
(2) Principle of maximum power tracking of wind driven generator
The output power of the wind driven generator is related to the output voltage and current, and the maximum power which can be output by the wind driven generator at a certain fixed wind speed corresponds to a certain specific voltage and current. By varying the output current, the output power can be varied. Because the voltage of the wind driven generator is continuously changed along with the wind speed, the output current is required to be continuously changed so as to keep the maximum power output by the wind driven generator at any time.
The MPPT rectifying circuit is composed of a three-phase uncontrollable rectifying bridge, two buck-boost parallel circuits and a protection and driving circuit. The solar photovoltaic panel and the wind power generator are respectively connected to the uncontrollable rectifier bridge, and are connected to the storage battery to charge after being processed by respective Buck-Boost circuits. The output voltage of the Buck-Boost circuit is in direct proportion to the duty ratio of a MOSFET power tube driving signal, and the singlechip changes the output voltage of the solar photovoltaic panel and the wind driven generator by changing the duty ratio of a PWM wave of the power tube, so that the output power of the solar photovoltaic panel and the wind driven generator is influenced. The MCU changes the duty ratio according to the maximum power tracking algorithm, so that the wind driven generator and the photovoltaic battery work at the maximum power point, and the MOSFET power tube is one of the power tubes.
The MPPT rectifying circuit is composed of a three-phase uncontrollable rectifying bridge, two paths of Buck-Boost circuits connected in parallel, a protection and driving circuit, an MCU and the like.
(3) Inverter circuit
The inverter circuit inverts the direct current output by the battery into alternating current of 220V and 50Hz for a user to use, and the inverter circuit comprises a single-phase full-bridge circuit, a transformer and an LC filter circuit. Protection of the battery or load may be achieved in an emergency by switching off the main circuit and switching off the switching device.
(4) Unloading circuit
The main functions of the unloading circuit are as follows: when the sunlight is strong or the wind power is strong, and the voltage of the photovoltaic panel and the wind power generator is high, but the overvoltage protection point of the system is still not reached, the controller can start the unloading circuit to prevent the equipment from being damaged by high voltage, so that a part of power is consumed in the unloading resistor, and the impact on the controller is reduced. The voltage reaches an overvoltage protection point or is completely connected to an unloading resistor when the manual brake is detected.
When the MOSFET power tube VT is conducted, the direct current power supply E charges the inductor L through the VT to store energy, and the inductor voltage is positive and negative. At this time, the diode is turned off, and the current flowing through the inductor is the power supply input current. The capacitor C provides energy to the load and maintains the output voltage to be basically constant, and the polarity of the voltage on the load and the capacitor C is negative and positive from top to bottom, and is opposite to the polarity of the power supply. When VT is turned off, the polarity of the inductor L is reversed (upper negative and lower positive), VD is positively biased on, energy stored in the inductor L is released to the load and the capacitor C through VD, and the discharging current is output current of the Buck-Boost circuit.
By adopting the hardware structure, the output voltage of the wind driven generator and the photovoltaic panel can charge the storage battery at the same time, so that the mutual influence of the wind driven generator and the photovoltaic panel is avoided, and the energy utilization rate is improved.
The MPPT algorithm adopts a disturbance observation method, and the system acquires the current storage battery voltage, the solar photovoltaic panel output current and the wind driven generator output current once every 80 ms. The output power of the branch at the moment is obtained by multiplying the voltage of the storage battery with the output current of the branch, and if the power at the moment is larger than the output power value at the last moment, the disturbance direction is proved to be correct. Adding disturbance quantity is to change the output voltage of the Buck-Boost circuit. The state flag bit C is used to represent the disturbance direction at the previous moment, the c=0 represents the positive direction, the duty cycle at the next moment is the duty cycle at the moment plus the disturbance quantity, the c=1 represents the negative direction, and the duty cycle at the next moment is the duty cycle at the moment minus the disturbance quantity. If the output power at the moment is smaller than the output power at the last moment, the disturbance direction is proved to be wrong, the direction is changed to continue disturbance, and finally the system can be disturbed near the maximum power point.
The direct current voltage output by the battery is boosted by a power frequency transformer after full-bridge inversion, and is converted into alternating current 220V to be output after LC filtering, so as to supply power for users. The inverter circuit adopts a single-phase full-bridge topological structure and adopts a unipolar frequency doubling control algorithm to generate SPWM waves.
The SPWM generating portion includes PI adjustment, sinusoidal pulse width modulation, and computation of comparison capture unit mapping register values. And the AD module acquires the voltage value of the alternating current side of the inverter and compares the voltage value with a given expected value, and PI regulation is carried out to obtain the modulation ratio. And the PI regulation result is subjected to pulse width modulation through a sine table to obtain a temporary value of a register of the comparison capturing unit, and the comparison value of the comparison capturing unit is used for obtaining the duty ratio required by the output SPWM.
Since the characteristics of the SPWM modulation itself determine that the output voltage of the inverter contains a large number of higher harmonic components, a low-pass filter must be added to the output side of the inverter to reduce the harmonic content, so as to obtain a smooth sine wave. The device adopts an LC low-pass filter.
After being connected in parallel, the two MOSFET power tubes Q1 and Q2 are connected with the output end of the rectifier through an unloading resistor, and the Q,1 and Q2 control the unloading resistor to be connected in.
When the voltage of the storage battery is smaller than a set value 1, for example, 30V, the MCU does not output a driving signal, the MOSFET power tubes Q1 and Q2 are closed, the unloading resistor branch circuit is opened, and the output currents of the wind driven generator and the solar photovoltaic panel fully charge the storage battery. When the voltage of the storage battery is greater than a set value 1, the MCU adjusts the duty ratio of PWM driving signals of the Q1 and the Q2 according to the voltage of the storage battery, the duty ratio determines the conduction degree of the Q1 and the Q2, part of the output power of the rectifying circuit is consumed on the unloading resistor, the consumed power is in direct proportion to the duty ratio of the PWM driving signals, when the voltage of the storage battery is greater than the set value 2, such as 34V, the PWM driving signals are maximum, the Q1 and the Q2 are completely conducted, which is equivalent to connecting the unloading resistor with the output end of the rectifying circuit in parallel, the unloading resistor becomes the load of the wind driven generator and the solar photovoltaic panel, most of the energy emitted by the wind driven generator and the solar photovoltaic panel is consumed on the unloading resistor, the charging voltage is ensured to be in a normal working range, and the storage battery is not damaged.
The above formulas are all formulas with dimensions removed and numerical values calculated, the formulas are formulas with a large amount of data collected for software simulation to obtain the latest real situation, and preset parameters in the formulas are set by those skilled in the art according to the actual situation.
In the embodiments provided in the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus, device and method may be implemented in other manners. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the modules is merely a logical function division, and there may be other manners of division when actually implemented; the modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and components shown as modules may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the method of this embodiment.
It will also be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof.
The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference signs in the claims shall not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it is evident that the word "comprising" does not exclude other elements or steps, and that the singular does not exclude a plurality. A plurality of units or means recited in the system claims can also be implemented by means of software or hardware by means of one unit or means. The terms second, etc. are used to denote a name, but not any particular order.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical method of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical method of the present invention may be modified or substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical method of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The off-grid wind-solar complementary control inversion integrated machine is characterized by comprising a box body (1), wherein the box body (1) comprises a rectangular frame (2) and a front cover plate (3), the front cover plate (3) is arranged on one side surface of the box body (1), and a liquid crystal control display (4), a voltmeter (5), a switch (6) and a reset button (7) are arranged on the front cover plate (3);
a plurality of shock absorbers (8), a plurality of pulley blocks (9) and a control board (10) are arranged in the rectangular frame;
the pulley blocks (9) are fixedly arranged at the top part in the rectangular frame, and the pulley blocks (9) are equidistantly arranged; the shock absorbers (8) are fixedly arranged at two ends in the rectangular frame, and the shock absorbers (8) are symmetrically arranged;
the control panel (10) is arranged in the rectangular frame and is positioned at the middle position; one end of the control board (10) is welded with two connecting lugs (11), two connecting lugs (11) are provided with fixing holes, connecting wires penetrate through the fixing holes, and the connecting wires penetrate through a plurality of pulley blocks (9) to be fixedly connected in the other fixing holes;
the other end of the plate is welded with a stabilizing block (12), a waist hole (13) is formed in the middle of the stabilizing block (12), a fixing bolt (14) is arranged in the waist hole (13), and the fixing bolt (14) is connected with the pulley block (9) through a pull rope.
2. The off-grid wind-solar complementary control inversion integrated machine according to claim 1, wherein the control board (10) comprises an MPPT rectifying circuit, an inversion circuit and an unloading circuit; the input end of the MPPT rectifying circuit is connected with the wind driven generator and the solar photovoltaic panel, and the output end of the MPPT rectifying circuit is connected to the storage battery; the input end of the inverter circuit is connected with the storage battery, and the output end of the inverter circuit is connected with the alternating current load; the unloading circuit is connected to the connecting line of the storage battery and the MPPT rectifying circuit.
3. The off-grid wind-solar complementary control inversion integrated machine according to claim 2, wherein the inversion circuit comprises an MCU, a single-phase full-bridge circuit, a transformer and an LC filter circuit; the input of the unidirectional full-bridge circuit is a storage battery, and the output is connected to the transformer through an LC filter circuit.
4. The off-grid wind-solar complementary control inversion integrated machine according to claim 3, wherein the unloading circuit comprises a power tube and an unloading resistor, a branch after the power tube and the unloading resistor are connected in series is connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the MPPT rectifying circuit, and the power tube of the unloading circuit is controlled to be disconnected by the MCU of the inversion circuit.
5. The off-grid wind-solar complementary control inversion integrated machine according to claim 4, wherein the MPPT rectifying circuit comprises an MCU, a three-phase uncontrollable rectifying bridge, two buck-boost parallel circuits and a driving and protecting circuit; the input of the three-phase uncontrollable rectifier bridge is connected with the solar photovoltaic panel and the wind power generator, and the output of the three-phase uncontrollable rectifier bridge is connected with two buck-boost parallel circuits; the driving and protecting circuit is respectively connected with the MCU of the rectifying circuit and the power tube of the unloading circuit.
6. The off-grid wind-solar complementary control inversion integrated machine according to claim 5, wherein the MCU of the rectifying circuit collects output voltage and current of two Buck-Boost parallel circuits, the duty ratio of the PWM wave of the power tube is determined according to an MPPT algorithm, and the MPPT algorithm adopts a disturbance observation method, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step one: collecting the voltage of a storage battery, the charging current of a solar photovoltaic panel and the charging current of a wind driven generator at set time intervals, and respectively calculating the output power of the solar photovoltaic panel and the output power of the wind driven generator, wherein the output power is equal to the voltage of the storage battery multiplied by the charging current;
step two: the duty ratio of the power tubes of the two Buck-Boost circuits is respectively changed, the disturbance quantity is added with the duty ratio, and when the duty ratio is changed, the output voltage of the Buck-Boost circuits is changed, which means that the output power of the wind driven generator or the solar photovoltaic panel is changed;
step three: the state flag bit C is used for representing the disturbance direction, and if the output power of the branch at the later moment is greater than the output power of the branch at the former moment, the disturbance direction is proved to be correct; c=0 represents that the direction is a positive direction and the disturbance quantity is a positive value; c=1 represents that the direction is a negative direction and the disturbance quantity is a negative value;
step four: if the output power of the branch at the later moment is less than the output power of the branch at the previous moment, the disturbance direction is wrong, the direction change continues to be disturbed, the duty ratio of the final power tube can fluctuate near a certain value, the output power of the solar photovoltaic panel and the wind driven generator can fluctuate near the respective maximum power point, and the fluctuation degree is small.
7. The off-grid wind-solar complementary control inversion integrated machine according to claim 6, wherein when the voltage of the storage battery is higher than a set value 1, an MCU of the inversion circuit sends a driving signal to a power tube of the unloading circuit, the power tube is turned on, and an unloading resistor is connected; the duty ratio of the power tube driving signal of the unloading circuit is in direct proportion to the voltage of the storage battery, and the larger the duty ratio is, the larger the opening degree of the power tube is, and the more energy is consumed on the unloading resistor; when the voltage of the storage battery is higher than a set value 2, the duty ratio of the power tube is maximum, the power tube is completely opened, and the unloading resistor is completely connected to the output end of the rectifying circuit.
8. The off-grid wind-solar complementary control inversion integrated machine according to claim 7, wherein the shock absorber (8) is specifically a damping shock absorber.
9. The off-grid wind-solar complementary control inversion integrated machine according to claim 8, wherein the pulley block (9) comprises a triangular fixing frame and pulleys, one end of the triangular fixing frame is fixed in a rectangular frame, and the other end of the triangular fixing frame is rotatably connected with the pulleys.
10. The off-grid wind-solar complementary control inversion integrated machine according to claim 9, wherein the pulley block (9) is a single pulley, and the model number is 304-M15.
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