CN112554256A

CN112554256A - Ditching device for laying submarine pipeline

Info

Publication number: CN112554256A
Application number: CN202011529238.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈利琼; 詹文文; 王福祥; 郑猛; 张开
Original assignee: Southwest Petroleum University
Current assignee: Southwest Petroleum University
Priority date: 2020-12-22
Filing date: 2020-12-22
Publication date: 2021-03-26
Anticipated expiration: 2040-12-22
Also published as: CN112554256B

Abstract

The invention discloses a submarine pipeline laying furrow opener which is suitable for hard soil sand seabed ditching operation with the water depth of 500 meters. The device includes the drill bit, the sword tooth, the rotation axis, mechanical seal, the nozzle, the shell body, pole in the push-and-pull rod, the outer pole of push-and-pull rod, the dead lever, fixed fastener, the filter screen, the hose, the inner tube, the internal pump fixing base, the inlet tube, the outlet pipe, waterproof motor, components such as reduction gear, waterproof motor drive reduction gear, make it drive the rotation axis, sword tooth and drill bit are rotatory, adopt special top branching drill bit, the ability of breaking ground is stronger, push-and-pull rod control furrow opener operation angle and degree of depth, the sea water of internal pump suction is through the nozzle pressurization, the high pressure water can break up stereoplasm sand piece and reduce the ditching resistance, adopt machinery and hydraulic ram the compound form to carry. The invention has the advantages of good ditching effect, high working efficiency, stable working state, economy, safety and the like.

Description

Ditching device for laying submarine pipeline

Technical Field

The invention relates to a submarine pipeline laying furrow opener, which is suitable for hard soil sand seabed ditching operation with the water depth of 500 meters, and belongs to the technical field of ocean engineering equipment.

Background

The development of marine resources by mankind in the 21 st century is in a brand new stage, the development and construction scale of marine oil is becoming huge, and thus, the laying of submarine pipelines is increasing. Since 1985, the middle sea oil has been built into 47 oil and gas fields in different domestic sea areas, and the total amount of submarine pipeline laying is about 3200 km. With the continuous development of new oil fields, the total amount of laying medium-sea oil submarine pipelines will also increase greatly. The submarine pipeline is an oil and gas conveying tool for connecting an oil well with a platform and connecting the platform with a land storage and transportation facility. In order to prevent the submarine pipeline from being damaged, various protection schemes and measures can be adopted in engineering, and the most common construction procedure is to arrange a groove to bury the pipeline. The economic and effective engineering measure not only can prevent the pipeline from being unstable due to the action of water quality point power, but also has the effects of protecting the pipeline from mechanical damage, eliminating or reducing free span, inhibiting the uplift and buckling of the pipeline, increasing the thermal insulation effect of the pipeline and the like.

At present, the demand of ditching operation after laying new marine pipes in China is high, a ditcher is the most key machine for ditching and laying the submarine pipelines, but most of the domestic existing ditchers belong to products eliminated by foreign countries, a plurality of design defects exist, and the working capacity cannot meet the new development demand of the industry. The main problems are: the ditching device is poor in soil breaking effect, pipe ditches are quick in desilting after ditching, conventional ditching operation can be completed only by multiple times of construction, the ditching efficiency is low due to the multiple times of construction, and the difficulty of operation in a complex sea area is high.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of low working efficiency and poor soil breaking effect of the ditcher in a complex sea area, the invention provides the submarine pipeline laying ditcher, which can dig a groove with the depth of 1m and the width of 0.6m, adopts a mechanical and hydraulic impact composite form, and greatly improves the working efficiency of the ditcher.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a submarine pipeline laying furrow opener mainly comprises a drill bit, cutter teeth, a rotating shaft, a mechanical sealing element, a nozzle, an outer shell, a push-pull rod inner rod, a push-pull rod outer rod, a fixed rod, a filter screen, a water inlet pipe, a fixed clamping piece, a hose, an inner tube, an inner pump fixed seat, an inner tube partition plate, a waterproof motor, a connecting component, a speed reducer and a water outlet pipe, wherein the furrow opener mainly comprises an inner tube, an outer shell, a drilling part and four power traction modules, the inner tube is welded with the outer shell, the upper surface of the outer shell is provided with the fixed rod and a hydraulic push-pull rod, two ends of the hydraulic push-pull rod are respectively connected with the outer shell and the fixed rod through fixed pins, the working angle and the working depth of a machine can be controlled, one end of the fixed rod is connected with the, the inner pump is welded on the inner cylinder through an inner pump fixing seat, the inner pump is provided with a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe, the water inlet pipe extends out from the rear side of the fixing rod and is parallel to the fixing rod and extends upwards for a certain distance, the water inlet pipe is fixed with the fixing rod through a fixing clamping piece and is connected with the turning point of the upper surface of the outer shell through a hose, the water inlet pipe can rotate along with the fixing rod within a small range, a filter screen is arranged at the inlet of the water inlet pipe, the water outlet pipe extends forwards to the front wall of the front cavity of the inner cylinder and is distributed in a semicircular shape, nozzles are uniformly arranged on the semicircular water outlet pipe, water discharged from the inner pump is pressurized through a one-way nozzle, partial obstacles can be removed through high-pressure water, a waterproof motor and a speed reducer in the front cavity of the inner cylinder are connected through a connecting component, Connecting rod, rake teeth are constituteed, and the sword tooth base passes through the screw fixation on the rotation axis, and the drill bit welding is at the rotation axis foremost, and mechanical seal is located rotation axis and inner tube front chamber junction to establish rubber seal water proof pad around mechanical seal, prevent that the sea water from getting into the inner tube and damaging waterproof motor.

Preferably, the drill bit is of a special structure, and the top of the drill bit is branched into three small drill bits;

preferably, the cutter teeth are regularly distributed on the rotating shaft and change in diameter from front to back, and the section of the connecting rod is in a regular rhombus shape in the axial direction;

preferably, the front and the back of the outer shell are in a gradually expanding mode, and a buffering edge is arranged at the front wall of the outer shell to reduce working resistance;

preferably, the nozzles are distributed along the circumferential direction at a certain angle to the axis, are aligned with the cutter teeth and the drill bit, and adopt one-way nozzles, when the machine does not operate, the one-way circulation valves in the nozzles are closed, so that the seawater is effectively prevented from flowing backwards;

the invention relates to a submarine pipeline laying furrow opener, which has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the special drill bit used by the furrow opener improves the crushing capacity of the furrow opener and greatly improves the excavation efficiency of the submarine pipeline;

(2) the drilling part adopts a mechanical and hydraulic impact composite form, can dig a groove with the depth of 0.8m and the width of 0.6m, has good ditching effect, adopts a multiple waterproof structure as a whole, ensures that the ditcher can safely and stably run in a severe marine environment, and greatly prolongs the service life of the machine.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a semi-sectional schematic view of a submarine pipeline laying furrow opener of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional side view of a subsea pipeline laying opener of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a front view of a subsea conduit laying opener of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a drilling portion of the pipe-laying furrow opener of the present invention;

in the figure: 1. a drill bit; 2. cutter teeth; 3. a rotating shaft; 4. a mechanical seal; 5. a nozzle; 6. an outer housing; 7. an inner rod of the push-pull rod; 8. a push-pull rod outer rod; 9. fixing the rod; 10. a filter screen; 11. a water inlet pipe; 12. fixing the clamping piece; 13. a hose; 14. an inner barrel; 15. an internal pump; 16. an inner pump fixing seat; 17. an inner cylinder partition plate; 18. a waterproof motor; 19. a connecting member; 20. a speed reducer; 21. a water outlet pipe;

Detailed Description

The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings

As shown in the figure, the invention relates to a submarine pipeline laying furrow opener, which mainly comprises a drill bit 1, cutter teeth 2, a rotating shaft 3, a mechanical sealing element 4, a nozzle 5, an outer shell 6, a push-pull rod inner rod 7, a push-pull rod outer rod 8, a fixed rod 9, a filter screen 10, a water inlet pipe 11, a fixed clamping element 12, a hose 13, an inner cylinder 14, an inner pump 15, an inner pump fixing seat 16, an inner cylinder partition 17, a waterproof motor 18, a connecting member 19, a speed reducer 20 and a water outlet pipe 21, wherein the inner cylinder 14 is divided into a front independent sealed cavity and a rear independent sealed cavity by the inner cylinder partition 17, the inner pump 15 is welded on the rear cavity of the inner cylinder through the inner pump fixing seat 16, the water inlet pipe 11 of the inner pump extends out of the rear side of the fixed rod and upwards extends for a certain distance, the inlet of the water inlet pipe is provided with the filter screen 10 and, the waterproof motor 18 and the speed reducer 20 of the inner cylinder front cavity are connected through a connecting component 19 and clamped in the inner cylinder front cavity, a speed reducer rotor extends out of the front end of the inner cylinder and is in butt joint with a rotating shaft 3, a cutter tooth 2 and a drill bit 1 are driven by the rotating shaft 3 to rotate, a cutter tooth base is fixed with the rotating shaft through a screw by the cutter tooth 2, the drill bit 1 is welded at the foremost end of the rotating shaft, a mechanical sealing element 4 is located at the joint of the rotating shaft and the inner cylinder front cavity and prevents seawater from entering the inner cylinder to damage the waterproof motor, an inner cylinder 14 is welded with a shell body 6, the upper surface of the shell body 6 is provided with a fixed rod 9 and a push-pull rod, the push-pull rod is composed of a push-pull rod inner rod 7 and a push-pull rod outer rod 8 and is used for adjusting the.

The method for laying and ditching the pipeline on the hard sand seabed comprises the following steps:

the ditching device is checked before work, normal operation of a drilling part is guaranteed, overall tightness is checked, the ship body is driven to a specified ditching operation point, the fixed rod is fixed with the ship body, the ditching device is placed to the surface of the sea bed, a power supply is turned on to enable the inner pump and the waterproof motor to start working, the hydraulic push-pull rod is turned on to adjust the angle of the drill bit, the ditching device is downwards inclined to enable the ditching device to gradually go deep into the sea bed, after the drill bit reaches a preset depth, the ditching device is slowly adjusted to be in a horizontal state, and pipe laying grooves meeting the standard are excavated under the effects of fixed rod traction and hydraulic impact.

The drilling part of the invention adopts a mechanical and hydraulic jetting composite form, can dig a groove with the depth of 1m and the width of 0.6m, the special drill bit of the invention improves the crushing capacity of the furrow opener, greatly improves the excavation efficiency of submarine pipelines, has good ditching effect, the furrow opener integrally adopts a multiple waterproof structure, ensures that the furrow opener can stably run for a long time in severe marine environment, and has long service life.

Claims

1. An opener for laying submarine pipelines, characterized in that: a drill bit (1), a cutter tooth (2), a rotating shaft (3), a mechanical seal (4), a nozzle (5), an outer casing (6) , push-pull rod inner rod (7), push-pull rod outer rod (8), fixing rod (9), filter screen (10), water inlet pipe (11), fixing clip (12), hose (13), inner cylinder (14), the inner pump (15), the inner pump fixing seat (16), the inner cylinder partition (17), the waterproof motor (18), the connecting member (19), the reducer (20), and the water outlet pipe (21) , the inner cylinder (14) is divided into two independent sealing chambers front and rear by the inner cylinder partition (17), the rear chamber is equipped with an inner pump (15), and the inner pump (15) is welded on the inner pump fixing seat (16) through the inner pump (16). On the inner cylinder, the inner pump (15) is provided with a water inlet pipe (11) and a water outlet pipe (21), wherein the water inlet pipe (11) protrudes from the rear side of the fixing rod (9), is parallel to the fixing rod and extends upward for a distance, The fixing clamp (12) is fixed with the fixing rod, the inlet of the water inlet pipe is provided with a filter screen (10), the water outlet pipe (21) extends forward to the front wall of the front chamber of the inner cylinder, and the semicircular water outlet pipe is evenly mounted on the front wall. There is a nozzle (5), which can remove some obstacles after pressurizing the water from the inner pump. The waterproof motor (18) in the front chamber of the inner cylinder and the reducer (20) are connected by a connecting member (19), and the reducer rotor is removed from the inner cylinder. The front end protrudes and connects with the rotating shaft. The cutter teeth (2) and the drill bit (1) rotate under the drive of the rotating shaft (3). The cutter teeth (2) can crush hard soil and sand, and the drill bit (1) can reduce the working resistance. It also provides direction for the opener to operate. The mechanical seal (4) is located at the connection between the rotating shaft (3) and the front chamber of the inner cylinder, preventing seawater from entering the inner cylinder and damaging the waterproof motor. The inner cylinder (14) is connected to the outer casing (6). ) welding, the upper surface of the outer casing (6) is provided with a fixed rod (9) and a push-pull rod, the push-pull rod is composed of an inner rod (7) and an outer rod (8) of the push-pull rod, which are used to adjust the working angle of the opener and depth, one end of the fixing rod (9) is connected with the outer casing (6) through a fixing pin, and one end is connected with the hull.

2 . The trench opener for laying submarine pipelines according to claim 1 , wherein the drill bit ( 1 ) adopts a special structure, and the drill bit tip is bifurcated into three small drill bits. 3 .

3. An opener for laying submarine pipelines according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer casing (6) adopts a gradually expanding pattern before and after, and a drag reducing edge is provided on the front end surface of the outer casing (6).

4. A trench opener for laying submarine pipelines according to claim 1, characterized in that: the nozzle (5) is located on the front wall surface of the outer casing (6), and is distributed at a certain angle along the circumferential direction to the axis, aligning the cutter teeth (2) spray in the direction of drill bit (1) to reduce trenching resistance.