CN112542622B - Integrated high-reliability lithium battery intelligent management system - Google Patents
Integrated high-reliability lithium battery intelligent management system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112542622B CN112542622B CN202011359865.9A CN202011359865A CN112542622B CN 112542622 B CN112542622 B CN 112542622B CN 202011359865 A CN202011359865 A CN 202011359865A CN 112542622 B CN112542622 B CN 112542622B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4278—Systems for data transfer from batteries, e.g. transfer of battery parameters to a controller, data transferred between battery controller and main controller
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
High reliable lithium cell intelligent management system integrates, includes: the device comprises an analog quantity acquisition unit, an instruction output unit, a communication unit, a central control unit and a power management module; the analog quantity acquisition unit acquires real-time working temperature, voltage signals and current signals of the lithium battery; the instruction output unit controls the working mode of the lithium battery according to the control signal; the communication unit receives a control instruction sent by the upper computer and transmits the control instruction to the central control unit; the communication unit receives the voltage signal and the current signal transmitted by the central control unit and transmits the voltage signal and the current signal to the upper computer; the central control unit converts the control instruction into a control signal and sends the control signal to the instruction output unit; the central control unit receives real-time working temperature, voltage signals and current signals of the lithium battery and transmits the signals to the communication unit. The invention can realize the power supply and charge-discharge management of the equipment bus on the spacecraft in the ground test stage, and can reliably supply power to the equipment bus and telemeter the power supply parameter during the flight task.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an integrated high-reliability lithium battery intelligent management system, and belongs to the technical field of power supply systems of aerospace crafts.
Background
At present, in the domestic in-service carrying model, a lithium ion battery is verified in a CZ-4 series servo and measurement system through a flight test; according to the CZ-7 ground test, a lithium ion battery is adopted to replace a ground power supply, a primary power supply is completely provided for the rocket by the lithium ion battery after power conversion, a simulation cable is omitted, the authenticity of power supply is stronger during the ground test, a silver-zinc battery is still adopted during flight, the XX remote measurement system adopts the lithium battery as a main battery to finish first flight, repeated arrow-up dismounting and mounting operations are required for charging the lithium ion battery during a shooting range test, power output switching operations are required before and after the test, and the operations such as state conversion, state inspection and the like during the ground test are increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the defects of the prior art are overcome, the integrated high-reliability lithium battery intelligent management system is provided, and the integrated high-reliability lithium battery intelligent management system aims to provide a convenient and reliable power supply system for supplying power to a spacecraft bus in order to take daily testing and launching flight tasks into consideration.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
high reliable lithium cell intelligent management system integrates, includes: the device comprises an analog quantity acquisition unit, an instruction output unit, a communication unit, a central control unit and a power management module;
analog quantity acquisition unit: the system is used for collecting the real-time working temperature, voltage signals and current signals of the lithium battery and sending the signals to the central control unit;
an instruction output unit: receiving a control signal sent by a central control unit, and controlling the working mode of the lithium battery according to the control signal;
a communication unit: the system is connected with an upper computer through Ethernet, receives a control instruction sent by the upper computer and transmits the control instruction to a central control unit; the control instruction is used for controlling the working mode of the lithium battery; the communication unit receives the voltage signal and the current signal transmitted by the central control unit and transmits the voltage signal and the current signal to the upper computer;
a central control unit: receiving a control instruction transmitted by the communication unit, converting the control instruction into a control signal and sending the control signal to the instruction output unit; the central control unit receives the real-time working temperature, voltage signals and current signals of the lithium battery sent by the analog quantity acquisition unit and transmits the signals to the communication unit;
the power management module is used for supplying power to the central control unit.
And the central control unit judges the state of the lithium battery according to the real-time working temperature, the voltage signal and the current signal of the lithium battery.
The working modes of the lithium battery comprise: a charge-while-charge mode, a charge-only mode, and a battery-only mode;
mode for filling while: the ground power supply provides power supply and charging output, can supply power to a bus load on the arrow and also can charge a lithium battery at the same time, and the lithium battery automatically stops charging after being fully charged;
charge-only mode: the ground power supply only provides charging output to charge the lithium battery, and a bus on the arrow is not electrified;
battery-only mode: the lithium battery pack only supplies power to the bus on the arrow, and cuts off the paths between the lithium battery and the ground power supply and between the bus on the arrow and the ground power supply.
A relay K1 is arranged between the lithium battery and the bus on the arrow, and the relay K1 is controlled to be switched on and off through instructions, so that the lithium battery can be switched on and off the bus on the arrow.
A relay K2 is arranged between a ground power supply and the bus on the arrow, and the charging-only mode can be realized after the relay K2 is controlled to be disconnected through instructions.
In a charge-while-charge mode or a charge-only mode: the central control unit collects the voltage of the lithium battery pack and compares the voltage with a reference value, and if the voltage exceeds a given voltage, the charging switch is turned off, so that overcharge protection is realized.
In a charge-while-charge mode or a charge-only mode: and the central control unit is used for collecting the voltage of the over-discharge protection circuit and comparing the voltage with a reference value, and if the voltage is lower than the given voltage, the charging switch is turned off, so that the over-discharge protection of the whole battery pack is realized.
In a charge-while-charge mode, a charge-only mode, or a battery-powered mode: when the voltage of any single battery in the lithium battery pack or the total voltage of the battery pack reaches a set upper limit, the central control unit controls the charging switch to be switched off through an instruction, and when the voltage difference between any single battery exceeds 200mV, the central control unit sends a balance maintenance signal through the communication interface.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the integrated high-reliability lithium battery intelligent management system has completed the scheme stage and the work of the engineering development stage, has completed single machine debugging and whole system joint debugging at present, and all technical indexes of the product all meet the index requirements of an equipment design task book and the requirements of related design files.
2) The integrated high-reliability lithium battery intelligent management system disclosed by the invention can be characterized in that online charge-discharge management and lithium ion storage battery integration are carried out in the test process, so that the power supply and charge-discharge management of the equipment bus on the spacecraft can be realized in the ground test stage, and the power supply and remote measurement of the power supply parameters can be realized for the equipment bus in the flight mission period.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a battery topology according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a battery management unit of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a battery pack configuration diagram.
Detailed Description
The integrated high-reliability lithium battery intelligent management system integrates the lithium battery and the battery management system, and provides a convenient and reliable rocket power supply mode for a carrier rocket. Through the research on the working mode of energy management, an energy management strategy is implemented, the integrated high-reliability lithium battery intelligent management system adopts a rechargeable battery, online charging and discharging management is realized, the operations of loading and unloading a target range battery are avoided, the bus is stabilized through the adjustment and balance of power supply power, charging power, discharging power and load power, and the power consumption quality requirement of the load is met.
The battery management module is used for managing online charging and discharging of the lithium battery, acquiring working parameters of the battery in real time on line, estimating the residual capacity of the battery in real time, automatically detecting faults such as overvoltage, overcurrent and overtemperature, and simultaneously transmitting the working parameters and states of the battery back to the ground in real time, so that safety monitoring and fault isolation of the lithium battery are realized, and high reliability and safety of the lithium battery on a spacecraft are ensured.
During ground test, after ground power supply and communication access, the integrated high-reliability lithium battery intelligent management system can realize the charging management of a lithium ion storage battery pack contained in the system, upload the state information telemetering quantity of a single battery and the whole group, and simultaneously have the functions of overcharge prevention, overdischarge prevention, temperature protection and alarming. The charging and discharging work can be completed after the communication interface finishes setting of various working modes, the ground test stage works according to three setting modes, before flying, the battery power supply mode is locked through a ground instruction, the protection and instruction execution functions are forbidden, the remote measurement function is reserved, and the storage battery directly discharges to supply power for the instruments and equipment on the rocket.
The integrated high-reliability lithium battery intelligent management system is composed of a battery management unit and a lithium ion storage battery monomer, wherein the battery management unit is mainly integrated with the lithium ion storage battery in structure by taking battery access, charge-discharge management and remote measurement communication functions as main functions, and redundancy design is adopted for parts such as communication and battery access switches for improving circuit reliability.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the detailed description.
High reliable lithium cell intelligent management system integrates, includes: the device comprises an analog quantity acquisition unit, an instruction output unit, a communication unit, a central control unit and a power management module.
Analog quantity acquisition unit: the system is used for collecting the real-time working temperature, voltage signals and current signals of the lithium battery and sending the signals to the central control unit;
an instruction output unit: receiving a control signal sent by a central control unit, and controlling the working mode of the lithium battery according to the control signal;
a communication unit: the system is connected with an upper computer through Ethernet, receives a control instruction sent by the upper computer and transmits the control instruction to a central control unit; the control instruction is used for controlling the working mode of the lithium battery; the communication unit receives the voltage signal and the current signal transmitted by the central control unit and transmits the voltage signal and the current signal to the upper computer;
a central control unit: receiving a control instruction transmitted by the communication unit, converting the control instruction into a control signal and sending the control signal to the instruction output unit; the central control unit receives the real-time working temperature, voltage signals and current signals of the lithium battery sent by the analog quantity acquisition unit and transmits the signals to the communication unit;
the charging switch is controlled to be switched on through instructions to realize the starting of the charging function, the relay K1 is controlled to be switched on and switched off through instructions to realize the connection and disconnection of the lithium battery to the bus on the arrow, the relay K2 controls the power supply path of the ground power supply to the arrow, and the charging-only mode can be realized after the power supply path is switched off.
Charging while using mode, charging only mode: in order to avoid overcharge of the lithium battery pack caused by failure of internal circuits or components in the ground test stage, the voltage of the lithium battery pack is collected and compared with a reference value, and if the voltage exceeds a given voltage, a charging switch is turned off, so that overcharge protection is realized.
Charging while using mode, charging only mode: the over-discharge of the lithium battery pack caused by improper use in the ground test stage is avoided, the voltage of the over-discharge protection circuit is collected and compared with a reference value, and if the voltage is lower than a given voltage, the charging switch is turned off, so that the over-discharge protection of the whole battery pack is realized.
A charge-while-charge mode, a charge-only mode, and a battery-only mode: when any single cell voltage in the lithium battery pack or the total voltage of the battery pack reaches a set upper limit, the charging switch is controlled to be switched off through an instruction, and when the voltage difference between any single cell exceeds 200mV, a balance maintenance signal is sent through the communication interface.
The alarm signal can be sent to the upper computer through the Ethernet under the conditions of overcharge, overdischarge, over-temperature of the battery and the like, and the protection signal can be configured through software.
The power management module is used for supplying power to the central control unit.
And the central control unit judges the state of the lithium battery according to the real-time working temperature, the voltage signal and the current signal of the lithium battery.
The working modes of the lithium battery comprise: a charge-while-charge mode, a charge-only mode, and a battery-only mode;
mode for filling while: the ground power supply provides power supply and charging output, can supply power to a bus load on the arrow and also can charge a lithium battery at the same time, and the lithium battery automatically stops charging after being fully charged;
charge-only mode: the ground power supply only provides charging output to charge the lithium battery, and a bus on the arrow is not electrified;
battery-only mode: the lithium battery pack only supplies power to the bus on the arrow, and cuts off the paths between the lithium battery and the ground power supply and between the bus on the arrow and the ground power supply.
A relay K1 is arranged between the lithium battery and the bus on the arrow, and the relay K1 is controlled to be switched on and off through instructions, so that the lithium battery can be switched on and off the bus on the arrow.
A relay K2 is arranged between a ground power supply and the bus on the arrow, and the charging-only mode can be realized after the relay K2 is controlled to be disconnected through instructions.
The engineering design process of the invention is as follows:
1. design of working mode
The integrated high-reliability lithium battery intelligent management system consists of a battery pack and a battery management module, and can realize online discharge and charge management of the battery on the rocket. The integrated high-reliability lithium battery intelligent management system can meet the use requirements of 3 working modes:
a) mode for filling while: the ground power supply provides power supply and charging output, can supply power to a bus load on the arrow and can also charge the battery at the same time, and the charging is automatically stopped after the battery is fully charged;
b) charge-only mode: the ground power supply only provides charging output to charge the battery, and the bus on the arrow is not electrified;
c) battery-only mode: and only the battery pack supplies power to the bus on the arrow, and the ground power supply supplies power and is disconnected from charging.
The functional topology of the integrated high-reliability lithium battery intelligent management system is shown in figure 1.
2. Battery management unit design
The main functions of the battery management unit are online charging and discharging management, protection, detection (voltage, current and temperature), fault early warning and remote control and remote measurement communication functions of the lithium battery, and the battery management unit is shown in fig. 2.
During testing, before the battery pack works, the battery management system can get electricity from a ground power supply, after the ground power supply is disconnected, the battery management system gets electricity from a bus of the rocket equipment, and the battery management system can be closed through a communication instruction.
In order to ensure the safety of battery charging, a battery charging overvoltage protection design is added into the system, and the overvoltage protection is realized by closing a power driving circuit in a mode that a power circuit does not output. And when the pressure difference between any single battery exceeds 200mV, sending an equalization maintenance signal through the communication interface.
The battery over-discharge protection function is achieved, when the voltage of any battery monomer is lower than 2.5V, over-discharge protection is started, a discharge loop is cut off, the charging alarm function is started, an alarm signal is given out during charging, and the battery is not allowed to be charged. The over-discharge protection function is in an open state by default and can be closed through software configuration.
The collected current signals are sent to a lower computer, the lower computer performs operation so as to calculate the battery capacity, the lower computer calculates charging and discharging time during charging and discharging to perform accumulation operation, the battery capacity is calculated, and the calculated capacity at the last time needs to be reset when the battery is fully charged again at the next time so as to improve the capacity measurement precision.
Gather load short-circuit current through hall, data input to comparator negative terminal after gathering, hall gather voltage in the twinkling of an eye and can exceed reference voltage after the arrow goes up the bus short circuit, and the comparator can overturn this moment, becomes the low level by original high level, and the triode does not switch on this moment, and consequently the partial pressure is 0, and switch tube K1 disconnection realizes system short-circuit protection.
3. Lithium ion battery pack design
The lithium ion battery pack comprises a plurality of parts such as single batteries, a shell structure, an electric connector, a fastener and the like, as shown in fig. 3, lithium ion batteries of a lithium cobaltate system are selected and combined, 8 single batteries are connected in series, the single batteries are arranged in two rows, each row comprises 4 batteries, and the main components and functions of the battery pack are as follows:
(1) the single batteries are 8;
(2) the telescopic combined rack 1, the structural member of the battery pack, assemble the single battery into the unit module;
(3) the heating belts are in one group, and when the temperature of the battery pack is too low, the battery pack is heated;
(4) the thermistor 1 is used for detecting and controlling the temperature of the battery pack;
(5) a plurality of leads are used for electrically connecting the single batteries;
4. software design
Parameter acquisition: collecting battery parameters and circuit states. The CPU controls the AD to carry out analog-to-digital conversion on the battery voltage and the battery temperature through the SPI, a conversion result is stored in the AD register, and after sampling is finished, the CPU reads out sampling data from the AD register through the SPI and stores the sampling data into the RAM. The state quantity such as the relay state and the like is sampled by a 16-bit AD converter inside the AD, and corresponding data after conversion is stored in the RAM.
Network port communication: the CPU realizes ethernet communication to the outside by controlling W5300. The CPU frames the parameters of the battery and various state quantities of the lower computer board according to the requirements of a communication protocol, and transmits data to the outside through the Ethernet according to the communication requirements. And receiving an instruction which is externally sent to a lower computer through the Ethernet, and judging whether the instruction is received and analyzed.
Battery management: the battery state is judged through the acquired parameters, such as over-discharge and over-charge, a corresponding over-discharge and over-charge protection strategy is executed, and under special conditions, a relay switch instruction can be sent to a lower computer from the outside through the Ethernet to control the connection and disconnection of the battery.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the details of the invention not described in detail in the specification are within the skill of those skilled in the art.
Claims (7)
1. High reliable lithium cell intelligent management system integrates, its characterized in that includes: the device comprises an analog quantity acquisition unit, an instruction output unit, a communication unit, a central control unit and a power management module;
analog quantity acquisition unit: the system is used for collecting the real-time working temperature, voltage signals and current signals of the lithium battery and sending the signals to the central control unit;
an instruction output unit: receiving a control signal sent by a central control unit, and controlling the working mode of the lithium battery according to the control signal;
a communication unit: the system is connected with an upper computer through Ethernet, receives a control instruction sent by the upper computer and transmits the control instruction to a central control unit; the control instruction is used for controlling the working mode of the lithium battery; the communication unit receives the voltage signal and the current signal transmitted by the central control unit and transmits the voltage signal and the current signal to the upper computer;
a central control unit: receiving a control instruction transmitted by the communication unit, converting the control instruction into a control signal and sending the control signal to the instruction output unit; the central control unit receives the real-time working temperature, voltage signals and current signals of the lithium battery sent by the analog quantity acquisition unit and transmits the signals to the communication unit;
the power supply management module is used for supplying power to the central control unit;
the working modes of the lithium battery comprise: a charge-while-charge mode, a charge-only mode, and a battery-only mode;
mode for filling while: the ground power supply provides power supply and charging output, can supply power to a bus load on the arrow and also can charge a lithium battery at the same time, and the lithium battery automatically stops charging after being fully charged;
charge-only mode: the ground power supply only provides charging output to charge the lithium battery, and a bus on the arrow is not electrified;
battery-only mode: the lithium battery pack only supplies power to the bus on the arrow, and cuts off the paths between the lithium battery and the ground power supply and between the bus on the arrow and the ground power supply.
2. The intelligent management system for the integrated high-reliability lithium battery as recited in claim 1, wherein the central control unit judges the state of the lithium battery according to the real-time working temperature, the voltage signal and the current signal of the lithium battery.
3. The integrated high-reliability lithium battery intelligent management system according to claim 1, wherein a relay K1 is arranged between the lithium battery and the bus on the arrow, and the on-off of the bus on the arrow by the lithium battery can be realized by controlling the on-off of the relay K1 through instructions.
4. The integrated high-reliability intelligent management system for the lithium batteries as claimed in claim 3, wherein a relay K2 is arranged between the ground power supply and the bus bar on the arrow, and the charge-only mode can be realized after the relay K2 is controlled to be turned off by instructions.
5. The intelligent management system for the integrated high-reliability lithium battery as claimed in claim 3 or 4, wherein in the charging-while-charging mode or the charging-only mode: the central control unit collects the voltage of the lithium battery pack and compares the voltage with a reference value, and if the voltage exceeds a given voltage, the charging switch is turned off, so that overcharge protection is realized.
6. The intelligent management system for the integrated high-reliability lithium battery as claimed in claim 3 or 4, wherein in the charging-while-charging mode or the charging-only mode: and the central control unit is used for collecting the voltage of the over-discharge protection circuit and comparing the voltage with a reference value, and if the voltage is lower than the given voltage, the charging switch is turned off, so that the over-discharge protection of the whole battery pack is realized.
7. The intelligent management system for the integrated high-reliability lithium battery as claimed in claim 3 or 4, wherein in the charging-while-charging mode, the charging-only mode or the battery-only power mode: when the voltage of any single battery in the lithium battery pack or the total voltage of the battery pack reaches a set upper limit, the central control unit controls the charging switch to be switched off through an instruction, and when the voltage difference between any single battery exceeds 200mV, the central control unit sends a balance maintenance signal through the communication interface.
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