CN112540004B - Underground engineering three-way loading test device with displacement feedback and loading test method - Google Patents
Underground engineering three-way loading test device with displacement feedback and loading test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112540004B CN112540004B CN202011594083.3A CN202011594083A CN112540004B CN 112540004 B CN112540004 B CN 112540004B CN 202011594083 A CN202011594083 A CN 202011594083A CN 112540004 B CN112540004 B CN 112540004B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/025—Geometry of the test
- G01N2203/0256—Triaxial, i.e. the forces being applied along three normal axes of the specimen
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-way loading test device for underground engineering with displacement feedback, which comprises a fixed frame, a movable skip, a loading device, a traction system, a hydraulic system and an electric control system, wherein the upper part of the fixed frame is provided with a vertical loading device for realizing loading in a first direction from top to bottom, the left side and the right side of the movable skip are respectively provided with a loading device for realizing loading in a second direction from left side to right side and from right side to left side and a third direction perpendicular to the vertical first loading direction, the lower part of the movable skip is provided with the traction system for realizing the movement of the movable skip into or out of the fixed frame, the hydraulic system provides pressure load for the loading device, and the electric control system is provided with displacement feedback control for realizing the accurate displacement control of all motion devices. The invention also discloses a loading test method of the test device. The device and the method can lead the stress of the test model to be more practical, and the test process is more convenient and rapid, and the test cost is lower.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of geotechnical engineering model tests, in particular to an underground engineering three-way loading test device with displacement feedback and a loading test method.
Background
Along with the continuous promotion of underground engineering represented by tunnels in China, how to evaluate the design quality of the underground tunnel engineering and how to ensure the rationality of engineering structural design is an increasingly challenging problem. The research relates to the fields of geotechnical engineering, structural engineering, seepage, vibration and other mechanics, and the influence of traffic load on the engineering is very remarkable.
At present, practical and effective analysis methods are lacking at home and abroad, and the estimation is mainly carried out by means of engineering experience, so that the method has great blindness; in order to make up the limitation of theoretical analysis and to verify the rationality of theoretical analysis, in particular to analyze the rationality of the structural design of underground engineering under different load conditions, a model test method is necessary to carry out a simulation test.
In the process of performing a model test, as the stress state of underground engineering such as a tunnel needs to be simulated, loading in three directions, namely loading at the top of the tunnel and loading at the two sides of the tunnel, needs to be realized in the cross section of the tunnel, namely a vertical plane, and needs to observe parameters such as deformation and the like in the tunnel model, so that a closed three-dimensional space needs to be formed. Then how to fill the test materials, load pressure, observe the test state and discharge the test materials very conveniently during the test is an urgent problem to be solved; the existing scheme is very inconvenient as Zhang Zixin CN102235942A 'a tunnel and underground engineering multifunctional model test system' of the same university adopts a fixed experiment box body. The present invention has been made in this context.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, discloses a three-way loading test device and a loading test method for underground engineering with displacement feedback, solves the problem of inconvenient loading and unloading of test filling materials, can conveniently realize the three-way loading test, and accurately controls the displacement of each moving part of the test device.
The invention adopts a first technical scheme that the underground engineering three-way loading test device with displacement feedback comprises a fixed frame, a movable skip, a loading device, a traction system, a hydraulic system and an electric system, wherein the upper part of the fixed frame is provided with the vertical loading device for realizing loading from top to bottom, the left side of the movable skip is provided with the loading device for realizing loading from left side to right side in a second direction, the right side of the movable skip is provided with the loading device for realizing loading from right side to left side in a third direction, the second loading direction is right opposite to the third loading direction and is perpendicular to the vertical first loading direction, the lower part of the movable skip is provided with the traction system for realizing moving in or out of the fixed frame, the hydraulic system provides pressure load for the loading device, and the electric control system is used for realizing loading displacement feedback control of the loading test device.
In the above scheme, the electric control system comprises a plurality of loading displacement sensors, the loading device comprises a loading head, a loading rod and a loading seat, wherein, because the loading device is arranged on the fixed frame and the movable skip, the loading seat of the loading device is respectively arranged on two sides of the fixed frame and the movable skip frame, the loading rod is connected with the loading head, the loading head applies pressure load to the test material, the loading seat transmits counterforce to the fixed frame or the movable skip, the loading rod and the loading seat can realize relative movement under the action of the hydraulic system, and the loading displacement sensors are arranged between the loading head and the loading seat and used for feeding back displacement information between the loading head and the loading seat.
Further, the movable skip comprises a front door, a rear door and a skip frame, and after the movable skip enters the fixed frame, the front door, the rear door and the loading heads of the loading devices on the left side and the right side of the movable skip, the bottom of the skip frame and the loading device on the upper part of the fixed frame form a closed three-dimensional space together for filling test materials and carrying out loading tests in three directions on the materials.
The rear door of the movable skip car comprises a rear door plate, a rear door driving oil cylinder, a guide wheel and a rear door guide rail; the rear door plate is connected with a piston rod of a rear door driving oil cylinder, an oil cylinder seat of the rear door driving oil cylinder is connected with a skip frame, a guide wheel is arranged below the rear door plate, the rear door plate is supported on a rear door guide rail, the rear door guide rail is arranged above the bottom of the movable skip, and the rear door driving oil cylinder drives the rear door plate to move relative to the skip frame in the front-back direction, so that a split-region loading test is realized; the electric control system comprises a plurality of rear door displacement sensors, wherein the rear door displacement sensors are arranged between the rear door plate and the skip frame and used for feeding back displacement information between the rear door plate and the skip frame.
Further, a lifting oil cylinder and a plurality of supporting legs are arranged at the lower part of the skip frame of the moving skip, and a traction system connected with the lower part of the moving skip comprises a traction machine, a traction frame, rollers and skip guide rails; the upper part of a traction frame of the traction system is connected with the lower part of the skip frame through a lifting oil cylinder, the lifting oil cylinder can drive the movable skip to move up and down, and a skip guide rail is fixed on the fixed frame; the electric control system comprises a plurality of skip car displacement sensors, wherein the skip car displacement sensors are arranged between the movable skip car and the fixed frame and used for feeding back displacement information between the movable skip car and the fixed frame; when the lifting oil cylinder stretches, the distance between the traction frame and the skip car frame increases until the rollers on the traction frame are in contact with the guide rail, and the supporting legs at the lower part of the movable skip car are separated from the fixed frame, so that the rollers can roll on the guide rail, and a traction system can be used for traction of the movable skip car, so that the movable skip car enters or leaves the fixed frame; when the lifting oil cylinder is shortened, the distance between the traction frame and the frame of the skip car is reduced until the supporting leg at the lower part of the moving skip car is contacted with the fixed frame, and the roller wheels on the traction frame are separated from the guide rails, so that all loads on the moving skip car are transmitted to the fixed frame through the supporting leg, and the roller wheels of the traction system and the lifting oil cylinder are conveniently stressed in the loading test process.
By adopting the first technical scheme, the invention can achieve the following technical effects.
The invention provides a three-way loading test device with displacement feedback for underground engineering, which comprises a fixed frame, a movable skip, a loading device, a traction system, a hydraulic system, an electric control system and the like, wherein the loading device is respectively arranged on the upper part of the fixed frame and on two sides of the movable skip to form loading functions in three directions together, so that the loading test device can simulate the real stress states of the top and two sides of the underground engineering such as tunnels and the like. Preferably, the electric control system comprises a skip car displacement sensor, a loading displacement sensor and a back door displacement sensor; the movable skip and the traction system can be matched and moved out of the fixed frame, so that test materials can be filled conveniently, test instruments can be installed conveniently, and the displacement in the vertical direction between the skip and the fixed frame is controlled through feedback information of a skip displacement sensor; the loading displacement of the loading device can be precisely controlled through the feedback information of the loading displacement sensor; the back door of the movable skip car can translate back and forth relative to the skip car frame, the test area is convenient to adjust, the requirements of different tests are met, and the relative position of the back door plate can be accurately controlled by utilizing feedback displacement information of the back door displacement sensor.
The second technical scheme of the invention is that the three-way loading test method of the underground engineering with displacement feedback adopts the preferable combination scheme of the three-way loading test device of the underground engineering, and the loading test method comprises four steps:
firstly, when a test is prepared, a movable skip is arranged outside a fixed frame, and the movable skip is filled with test materials, pre-buried test models and related test sensors;
secondly, after the movable skip is pulled to a preset position in the fixed frame through a traction system, shortening a lifting oil cylinder under the movable skip, slowly descending the movable skip, detecting displacement information between the movable skip and the fixed frame through a skip displacement sensor and performing feedback control, enabling the supporting legs to contact the fixed frame, enabling the idler wheels to be separated from the guide rails, and transmitting load of the movable skip to the fixed frame through the supporting legs;
Thirdly, loading test materials from three directions respectively or simultaneously, feeding back loading displacement information through a loading displacement sensor, recording test data, and resetting a loading device at the top after the loading test is completed;
And fourthly, extending a lifting oil cylinder at the lower part of the movable skip, detecting displacement information between the movable skip and the fixed frame through a skip displacement sensor, and performing feedback control until each roller contacts with the guide rail and the supporting leg is separated from the fixed frame, so that the load of the movable skip is uniformly transmitted to the fixed frame through the rollers and the guide rail, the movable skip is pulled to the outer side of the fixed frame through a traction system, and test materials are cleaned and prepared for the next test.
Preferably, the three-way loading test device with displacement feedback for underground engineering is of a structure capable of moving the rear door plate in parallel in the front-rear direction, and the loading test method comprises the following five steps:
Before the four steps, a pre-operation step is added, the feedback information of the back door displacement sensor is adopted, the back door plate is moved to a set position in parallel, and then the four steps are carried out.
By adopting the second technical scheme, the invention can achieve the following technical effects.
According to the underground engineering three-way loading test method with displacement feedback, displacement feedback information of the skip car displacement sensor is detected, the lifting oil cylinder between the moving skip car and the traction frame is accurately controlled to be shortened through feedback, and loading load generated in the vertical direction during loading can be uniformly transmitted to the fixed frame through the supporting legs, so that roller overload is avoided; the lifting oil cylinder between the movable skip car and the traction frame is controlled to extend through accurate feedback, so that the movable skip car can be moved out in a rolling way by adopting the rollers when moving out of the fixed frame, and the traction force is reduced; the test materials and the test instruments are added and cleaned conveniently and rapidly, and the stress transmission in the test loading process is safe and reliable. Preferably, through detecting the feedback information of the back door displacement sensor, the accurate feedback control is performed on the back door plate which moves in parallel to a preset position, so that the test area can be reduced to a certain range, and the test cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall assembly of the construction of a three-way load test device for underground works with displacement feedback according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the front structure of a traveling carriage, loading device, and traction portion of an underground engineering three-way loading test device with displacement feedback according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the rear structure of a moving carriage and loading device of the three-way loading test device with displacement feedback for underground works;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of a loading device, front door, rear door, skip car frame base, etc. of an underground engineering three-way loading test device with displacement feedback according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of a fixed frame, a loading device, a sensor, etc. of an underground engineering three-way loading test device with displacement feedback according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of one third of the position of the back door translation of the three-way loading test device with displacement feedback for underground works of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of two-thirds of the back door translation of an underground works three-way loading test apparatus with displacement feedback according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a first step of a method of three-way loading testing of an underground works with displacement feedback according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a second step flow diagram of a method of the present invention for a three-way load test of an underground works with displacement feedback;
In the figure, 1 is a fixed frame, 2 is a movable skip, 21 is a front door, 22 is a rear door, 221 is a rear door plate, 222 is a rear door driving cylinder, 223 is a guide wheel, 224 is a rear door guide rail, 23 is a skip frame, 24 is a lifting cylinder, 25 is a supporting leg, 3 is a loading device, 31 is a loading head, 32 is a loading rod, 33 is a loading seat, 4 is a traction system, 41 is a traction machine, 42 is a traction frame, 43 is a roller, 44 is a skip guide rail, 5 is a hydraulic system, 6 is an electric control system, 61 is a loading displacement sensor, 62 is a rear door displacement sensor, and 63 is a skip displacement sensor.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of the preferred embodiments of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The structure, function and loading test method of the solution of the present application will now be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 9.
Preferred embodiment 1:
The preferred embodiment 1 of the invention provides a three-way loading test device with displacement feedback for underground engineering, referring to fig. 1 to 7, the three-way loading test device comprises a fixed frame 1, a movable skip 2, a loading device 3, a traction system 4 and a hydraulic system 5, wherein the upper part of the fixed frame 1 is provided with the vertical loading device 3 to realize loading in a first direction from top to bottom, the left side of the movable skip 2 is provided with the loading device 3 to realize loading in a second direction from left side to right side, the right side of the movable skip 2 is provided with the loading device 3 to realize loading in a third direction from right side to left side, the second loading direction is right opposite to the third loading direction, the traction system 4 is arranged on the same projection surface and perpendicular to the first loading direction in the vertical direction, the lower part of the movable skip 2 is provided with the traction system 4 to realize moving in or moving out of the fixed frame 1, the hydraulic system 5 is respectively used for providing pressure load for the loading device 3 in the three directions, and the electric control system 6 is used for realizing loading displacement feedback control of the loading test device.
Preferably, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 3,4 and 5, the loading device 3 includes a loading head 31, a loading rod 32, and a loading seat 33, wherein, because the loading device 3 is provided on three sides in total on the fixed frame 1 and the moving skip 2, the loading seat of the loading device 3 is respectively mounted on the fixed frame 1 and on both sides of the skip frame 23 of the moving skip 2, the loading head 31 is coupled to the loading rod 32, the loading head 31 applies pressure loads to test materials from three directions respectively, and the loading seat 33 of the three directions transmits counter forces to the fixed frame 1 or the moving skip 2 respectively; the loading rod 32 and the loading seat 33 can realize relative movement under the action of the hydraulic system 5; when the loading rod 32 is extended from the loading seat 33, loading is performed; when the loading rod 32 is retracted into the loading seat 33, unloading is performed; the load displacement sensor 61 is disposed between the load head 31 and the load seat 33, and is used for feeding back displacement information between the load head 31 and the load seat 33. Preferably, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, loading devices 3 of 3 rows and 3 columns are arranged in an array manner on the left and right sides of the moving vehicle 2, and corresponding loading devices 3 of 3 rows and 3 columns are arranged in an array manner on the upper portion of the fixed frame 1, so as to form three loading surfaces together. There are 9 loading devices 3 on each loading surface, 27 total, each loading device can be loaded individually or jointly.
Preferably, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1,2 and 3, the moving skip 2 further includes a lift cylinder 24 and 9 legs 25; the traction system 4 comprises a traction machine 41, a traction frame 42, rollers 43 and a skip guide rail 44; the lower part of the movable skip 2 is connected with a traction frame 42, the upper part of the traction frame 42 is connected with the lower part of the skip frame 23 through a lifting oil cylinder 24, and the lifting oil cylinder 24 can drive the movable skip 2 to move up and down; as lift cylinders 24 extend, the distance of the tractor frame 42 from the skip frame 23 increases until rollers 43 on the tractor frame 42 contact skip rails 44; simultaneously, the supporting leg 25 at the lower part of the moving skip 2 is separated from the fixed frame 1, the idler wheels 43 can roll on the skip guide rails 44, and the traction system can be adopted to carry out 2 traction on the moving skip, so that the moving skip 2 enters or leaves the fixed frame 1; when the lifting cylinder 24 is shortened, the distance between the traction frame 42 and the skip frame 23 is reduced until the supporting leg 25 at the lower part of the moving skip 2 is contacted with the lower part of the fixed frame 1, the roller 43 on the traction frame 42 is separated from the skip guide rail 44, so that all the load on the moving skip 2 is transmitted to the fixed frame 1 through the supporting leg 25, the roller 42 and the lifting cylinder 24 are prevented from being damaged by overload in the loading test process, and a skip displacement sensor 63 is arranged between the moving skip and the fixed frame and used for feeding back the displacement information between the moving skip 2 and the fixed frame 1.
The loading test method of this example 1 is, as shown in fig. 8, divided into four steps:
Firstly, when a test is prepared, a movable skip 2 is arranged outside a fixed frame 1, and the movable skip 2 is filled with test materials, pre-buried test models and related test sensors;
Secondly, after the movable skip 2 is pulled to a preset position in the fixed frame 1 through the traction system 4, the lifting oil cylinder 24 under the movable skip 2 is shortened, the movable skip 2 slowly descends, displacement between the movable skip 2 and the fixed frame 1 is detected through the skip displacement sensor 63 and feedback control is carried out, the supporting legs 25 are in contact with the fixed frame 1, the rollers 43 are separated from the guide rails, and the load of the movable skip 2 is transmitted to the fixed frame 1 through the supporting legs 25;
thirdly, loading test materials from three directions respectively or simultaneously, feeding back loading displacement information through a loading displacement sensor 61, recording test data, and resetting the top loading device 3 after the loading test is completed;
Fourth, the lifting cylinder 24 at the lower part of the movable skip 2 is extended, displacement between the movable skip 2 and the fixed frame 1 is detected by the skip displacement sensor 63 and feedback control is performed until each roller 43 contacts the guide rail 44 and the supporting leg 25 is separated from the fixed frame 1, so that load of the movable skip 2 is uniformly transferred to the fixed frame 1 through the rollers 43 and the guide rail 44, the movable skip 2 is pulled to the outer side of the fixed frame 1 through the traction system 4, and test materials are cleaned and prepared for the next test.
Preferred example 2:
Further, as shown in fig. 4, the rear door 22 includes a rear door panel 221, a rear door driving cylinder 222, a rear door guide wheel 223, and a rear door rail 224, on the basis of the preferred embodiment 1. The rear door plate 221 is connected with a piston rod of a rear door driving oil cylinder 222, an oil cylinder seat of the rear door driving oil cylinder 222 is connected with the skip frame 23, a guide wheel 223 is arranged below the rear door plate 221, the rear door plate 221 is supported on a rear door guide rail 224, the rear door guide rail 224 is arranged above the bottom of the moving skip 2, and the rear door driving oil cylinder 222 drives the rear door plate 221 to move relative to the skip frame 23 in the front-rear direction, so that a split-region loading test is realized; FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a third of the translation position of the rear door plate 221 of the three-way loading test device with displacement feedback for underground works according to the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a second third of the translation position of the rear door plate 221 of the three-way loading test device with displacement feedback for underground works according to the present invention; a rear door displacement sensor 62 is arranged between the rear door plate 221 and the skip frame 23 and is used for feeding back displacement information between the rear door plate 221 and the skip frame 23; before the loading test, the back door panel 221 is moved to a predetermined position by detecting the displacement information fed back by the back door displacement sensor 62. The arrangement is favorable for meeting the requirements of loading tests of areas with different sizes.
Preferably, other structures or effects not mentioned in preferred embodiment 2 can be referred to in preferred embodiment 1.
The loading test method of this example 2 was, as shown in fig. 9, divided into five steps: that is, on the basis of the loading method of the preferred embodiment 1, a preliminary step is added, and the parallel movement of the rear door panel 221 to a predetermined position is precisely feedback-controlled by detecting the displacement information fed back by the rear door displacement sensor 62, and then the subsequent four steps are performed. The range of the test area can be changed according to the test requirement, which is beneficial to reducing the test cost or testing the specific structural model.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments only presents several embodiments of the present invention, which are described in greater detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, which falls within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. Underground works three-dimensional loading test device with displacement feedback, its characterized in that: the automatic loading device comprises a fixed frame, a movable skip, a loading device, a traction system and a hydraulic system, wherein the upper part of the fixed frame is provided with the loading device which is vertically arranged in an array manner and is 3 rows and 3 columns, so that loading in a first direction from top to bottom is realized, the movable skip is provided with the loading device which is arranged in an array manner and is 3 rows and 3 columns on the left side, so that loading in a second direction from the left side to the right side is realized, the movable skip is provided with the loading device which is arranged in an array manner and is 3 rows and 3 columns on the right side, so that loading in a third direction from the right side to the left side is realized, the loading device is independently controlled, the second loading direction is right opposite to the third loading direction and is perpendicular to the vertical first loading direction, the lower part of the movable skip is provided with the traction system, so that the movable skip moves in or moves out of the fixed frame is realized, the hydraulic system provides pressure load for the loading device, and the electric control system is used for realizing loading displacement feedback control of loading test device;
the electric control system comprises a plurality of loading displacement sensors, the loading device comprises a loading head, a loading rod and a loading seat, the loading seat is connected with a fixed frame or a movable skip, the loading rod is connected with the loading head, the loading head applies pressure load to a test material, the loading seat transmits counter force to the fixed frame or the movable skip, the loading rod and the loading seat can realize relative movement under the action of a hydraulic system, and the loading displacement sensors are arranged between the loading head and the loading seat and used for feeding back displacement information between the loading head and the loading seat;
The movable skip comprises a front door arranged at the front part, a rear door arranged at the rear part and a skip frame; the rear door of the movable skip car comprises a rear door plate, a rear door driving oil cylinder, guide wheels and a rear door guide rail; the electric control system comprises a plurality of back door displacement sensors; the rear door plate is connected with a piston rod of a rear door driving oil cylinder, an oil cylinder seat of the rear door driving oil cylinder is connected with a skip frame, a guide wheel is arranged below the rear door plate, the rear door plate is positioned inside the skip frame, the rear door plate is supported on a rear door guide rail, the rear door driving oil cylinder drives the rear door plate to move in the front-rear direction, a regional loading test is realized, a rear door displacement sensor is arranged between the rear door plate and the skip frame and used for feeding back displacement information between the rear door plate and the skip frame, and the rear door plate is used for changing the range of a test region.
2. The underground works three-way loading test device with displacement feedback of claim 1, wherein: the electric control system comprises a plurality of skip displacement sensors, a lifting oil cylinder and a plurality of supporting legs are arranged at the lower part of the movable skip, the traction system at the lower part of the movable skip comprises a traction machine, a traction frame, rollers and skip guide rails, the upper part of the traction frame of the traction system is connected with the lower part of the skip frame through the lifting oil cylinder, the lifting oil cylinder can drive the movable skip to move up and down, the skip guide rails are fixed on the fixed frame, and the skip displacement sensors are arranged between the movable skip and the fixed frame and used for feeding back displacement information between the movable skip and the fixed frame.
3. A three-way loading test method for underground engineering with displacement feedback, which adopts the three-way loading test device for underground engineering with displacement feedback according to any one of claims 1 to 2, and is characterized by comprising the following four steps:
firstly, when a test is prepared, a movable skip is arranged outside a fixed frame, and the movable skip is filled with test materials, pre-buried test models and related test sensors;
secondly, after the movable skip is pulled to a preset position in the fixed frame through a traction system, shortening a lifting oil cylinder under the movable skip, slowly descending the movable skip, detecting displacement between the movable skip and the fixed frame through a skip displacement sensor and performing feedback control, enabling the supporting legs to contact the fixed frame, enabling the idler wheels to be separated from the guide rails, and transmitting load of the movable skip to the fixed frame through the supporting legs;
Thirdly, loading test materials from three directions respectively or simultaneously, feeding back loading displacement through a loading displacement sensor, recording test data, and resetting a loading device at the top after the loading test is completed;
And fourthly, extending a lifting oil cylinder at the lower part of the movable skip, detecting displacement between the movable skip and the fixed frame through a skip displacement sensor, and performing feedback control until each roller contacts with the guide rail and the supporting leg is separated from the fixed frame, so that the load of the movable skip is uniformly transferred to the fixed frame through the rollers and the guide rail, the movable skip is pulled to the outer side of the fixed frame through a traction system, and test materials are cleaned and are ready for the next test.
4. A method for three-way loading test of underground works with displacement feedback according to claim 3, comprising the steps of:
A pre-operation step is added before the four steps of claim 3, and the back door panel is moved in parallel to a set position by using a feedback signal of the back door displacement sensor, and then the four steps of claim 3 are performed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011594083.3A CN112540004B (en) | 2020-12-29 | 2020-12-29 | Underground engineering three-way loading test device with displacement feedback and loading test method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011594083.3A CN112540004B (en) | 2020-12-29 | 2020-12-29 | Underground engineering three-way loading test device with displacement feedback and loading test method |
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| CN102175516A (en) * | 2011-02-16 | 2011-09-07 | 山东大学 | Large-scale combined dynamic and static multifunctional geotechnical engineering simulation test device |
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| CN110940578A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-03-31 | 南京理工大学 | True triaxial loading test device for large-size frozen soil |
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