CN112496385B - Drilling device for realizing automatic positioning and flipping of hexahedral workpiece based on mechanical linkage - Google Patents
Drilling device for realizing automatic positioning and flipping of hexahedral workpiece based on mechanical linkage Download PDFInfo
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- CN112496385B CN112496385B CN202011282973.0A CN202011282973A CN112496385B CN 112496385 B CN112496385 B CN 112496385B CN 202011282973 A CN202011282973 A CN 202011282973A CN 112496385 B CN112496385 B CN 112496385B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B41/00—Boring or drilling machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/02—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
- B23Q3/06—Work-clamping means
- B23Q3/062—Work-clamping means adapted for holding workpieces having a special form or being made from a special material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q5/00—Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
- B23Q5/22—Feeding members carrying tools or work
- B23Q5/34—Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q5/00—Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
- B23Q5/22—Feeding members carrying tools or work
- B23Q5/34—Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission
- B23Q5/38—Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission feeding continuously
- B23Q5/385—Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission feeding continuously using a gear and rack mechanism or a friction wheel co-operating with a rail
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q7/00—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting
- B23Q7/02—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting by means of drums or rotating tables or discs
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B25/00—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B25/02—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes of industrial processes; of machinery
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2215/00—Details of workpieces
- B23B2215/72—Tubes, pipes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2270/00—Details of turning, boring or drilling machines, processes or tools not otherwise provided for
- B23B2270/08—Clamping mechanisms; Provisions for clamping
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Educational Administration (AREA)
- Educational Technology (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Drilling And Boring (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于机械联动实现六面体工件自动化定位翻转的钻孔装置，限位座弹性支撑在底座上，联动齿条竖直穿过底座并与限位座固定连接，两个驱动齿轮设置在底座的下方，一个驱动齿轮与联动齿条相啮合，不完全齿条水平固定于推杆上；转轴水平转动在限位座的上方，安装架弹性支撑在转轴上，连杆机构三个自由端对应铰接在转轴、安装架和支撑块上；两个弹性支撑体布置在限位座的上方，定位块支撑在弹性支撑体上，安装板设置在两定位块的上方，钻头转动连接在安装板上，且钻头位于两定位块之间。本发明对于学生理解机械传动原理有着重要的意义，对于学生掌握非标自动化设计有着显著的教育意义。
The present invention discloses a drilling device for realizing automatic positioning and flipping of a hexahedral workpiece based on mechanical linkage, wherein a limit seat is elastically supported on a base, a linkage rack vertically passes through the base and is fixedly connected to the limit seat, two driving gears are arranged below the base, a driving gear is meshed with the linkage rack, and an incomplete rack is horizontally fixed on a push rod; a rotating shaft rotates horizontally above the limit seat, a mounting frame is elastically supported on the rotating shaft, and three free ends of a connecting rod mechanism are correspondingly hinged on the rotating shaft, the mounting frame and the supporting block; two elastic supporting bodies are arranged above the limit seat, a positioning block is supported on the elastic supporting body, a mounting plate is arranged above the two positioning blocks, a drill bit is rotatably connected to the mounting plate, and the drill bit is located between the two positioning blocks. The present invention has important significance for students to understand the principle of mechanical transmission, and has significant educational significance for students to master non-standard automation design.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a drilling device for realizing automatic positioning and overturning of a hexahedral workpiece based on mechanical linkage.
Background
The drilling machine for teaching is a standard component, has a single structure, and when the hexahedral pipe fitting is drilled, the hexahedral workpiece is clamped on the drilling machine through a common vice (the hexahedral workpiece is shown in fig. 12), and in the teaching process, the drilling machine cannot popularize more mechanical principles with students, so that the drilling device is required, and the students can understand the mechanical principles of mechanical linkage, a connecting rod hinge pair, mechanical limiting, gear transmission and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a drilling device for realizing automatic positioning and overturning of a hexahedral workpiece based on mechanical linkage.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that:
The drilling device comprises a drill bit, a mounting plate, a positioning block, an elastic supporting body, a limiting seat, a base, a rotating shaft, a mounting frame, a supporting block, a first rotary table, a second rotary table, a push rod, an incomplete rack, a linkage rack, a driving gear and a connecting rod mechanism with three free ends, wherein the limiting seat is elastically supported on the base, the linkage rack vertically penetrates through the base and is fixedly connected with the limiting seat, two driving gears are arranged below the base and are coaxially arranged, one driving gear is meshed with the linkage rack, the incomplete rack is horizontally fixed on the push rod, and the incomplete rack is arranged right below the other driving gear; the rotating shaft horizontally rotates above the limiting seat, the mounting frame is elastically supported on the rotating shaft and coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft, the three connecting rod mechanisms are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft, three free ends of each connecting rod mechanism are correspondingly hinged on the rotating shaft, the mounting frame and the supporting block, and the first rotary table and the second rotary table are coaxially arranged and correspondingly connected on the mounting frame and the push rod in a rotating manner respectively; the two elastic supporting bodies are symmetrically arranged above the limiting seat, the two positioning blocks are supported on the two elastic supporting bodies, the mounting plate is arranged above the two positioning blocks, the mounting plate can move along the axial direction of the rotating shaft and move in the vertical direction, the drill bit is rotationally connected to the mounting plate, and the drill bit is positioned between the two positioning blocks.
Further, rectangular limiting grooves are formed in the limiting seat, and two mounting reference surfaces are correspondingly formed on the left side surface and the right side surface of the limiting groove.
Further, the positioning block is of a right-angle block structure with a horizontal side and a vertical side, a right-angle positioning opening is formed in the inner wall surface of the vertical side in the positioning block, and a guide inclined surface is formed in the inner wall surface of the positioning block and below the right-angle positioning opening; the two positioning blocks are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the limiting seat, the vertical surface of the right-angle positioning opening on one side positioning block is arranged on the inner side of the corresponding side mounting reference surface, the bottommost end of the guide inclined surface extends on the bottom surface of the vertical side in the positioning block, and the bottommost end of the guide inclined surface is arranged on the outer side of the corresponding side mounting reference surface.
Further, the elastic support body comprises a mounting block, a first spring, a first guide rod, a pressure rod and a roller, wherein the mounting block is arranged above the limiting seat, the first guide rod penetrates through the horizontal edge of the positioning block and is fixedly connected with the mounting block, the first spring is sleeved on the first guide rod, the upper end and the lower end of the first spring are respectively abutted to the positioning block and the mounting block, the pressure rod is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the horizontal edge in the positioning block, the roller is rotationally connected to the top end of the pressure rod, and the mounting plate vertically moves downwards and presses the roller.
Further, a second guide rod is fixedly connected to the axis direction of the end face of the rotating shaft, a second spring is sleeved on the second guide rod, the mounting frame is movably inserted on the second guide rod, and the left end and the right end of the second spring are respectively abutted to the mounting frame and the rotating shaft.
Further, the link mechanism comprises a first hinge rod and a second hinge rod, one side end of the first hinge rod is hinged to the middle of the second hinge rod, two ends of the second hinge rod and the other side end of the first hinge rod form three free ends of the link mechanism, two ends of the second hinge rod are hinged to the rotating shaft and the supporting block respectively, and the other side end of the first hinge rod is hinged to the mounting frame.
Further, the supporting block comprises an inner block body, an outer block body, a third guide rod and a third spring, the inner block body is hinged to the connecting rod mechanism, the third guide rod penetrates through the inner block body and is fixedly connected with the outer block body, the third spring is sleeved on the third guide rod, and two ends of the third spring respectively abut against the inner block body and the outer block body; the outer block body is made of rubber materials, and an anti-slip net surface is arranged on the outer wall surface of the outer block body.
Further, the mounting frame and the push rod are provided with mounting plates, and the first rotary table and the second rotary table are respectively connected to the two mounting plates in a rotary mode.
Further, fixedly connected with fourth guide arm on the base, peg graft on the fourth guide arm and have a fourth spring, spacing seat peg graft on the fourth guide arm, the top of fourth spring is contradicted on spacing seat, is equipped with spacing platform on the back of linkage rack, under the effect of fourth spring elasticity, and spacing platform is contradicted on the bottom surface of base.
Further, the mounting plate is driven by a two-dimensional driving structure and moves horizontally and vertically, the two-dimensional driving structure comprises an electric sliding rail unit, a guide rail, a driving rack, a gear and a fixing plate, the fixing plate is fixedly connected to a sliding block in the electric sliding rail unit, the electric sliding rail unit drives the fixing plate to move horizontally, the guide rail is fixedly connected to the fixing plate, the mounting plate is slidably connected to the guide rail, the driving rack is slidably connected to the fixing plate and is fixedly connected with the mounting plate, the gear is rotationally connected to the fixing plate and meshed with the driving rack, and the gear rotates and drives the mounting plate to move vertically; the motor and the gearbox are arranged on the mounting plate, the motor is connected with the gearbox, and the drill bit is connected with an output shaft of the gearbox through the drill bit clamp.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
The invention covers mechanical principles such as mechanical linkage, sliding rail transmission, gear transmission, connecting rod transmission, dynamic limit, spring use and the like, has important significance for students to understand the mechanical transmission principle, has remarkable educational significance for students to master nonstandard automatic design, is convenient for realizing automatic operation when being applied to actual production and manufacture, can provide working efficiency, and has simple structure and good use effect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 and 3 are partial structural views of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a mounting structure diagram of two driving gears in the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a structural diagram of a positioning block, an elastic supporting body and a limiting seat in the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a block diagram of the positioning block in the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a diagram showing a positioning structure of the positioning block for the hexahedral tool according to the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a view showing a structure of mounting a mounting frame on a rotating shaft in the present invention.
Fig. 9, 10 and 11 are diagrams of the operation of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a structural view of a hexahedral workpiece to be machined.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the drilling device for realizing automatic positioning and overturning of a hexahedral workpiece based on mechanical linkage comprises a drill bit 11, a mounting plate 12, a positioning block 21, an elastic supporting body 31, a limiting seat 41, a base 42, a rotating shaft 51, a mounting frame 53, a supporting block 54, a first rotating disc 55, a second rotating disc 62, a push rod 63, an incomplete rack 64, a linkage rack 65, a driving gear 66 and a connecting rod mechanism 52 with three free ends.
The limiting seat 41 and the base 42 are layered up and down and are arranged in parallel, the limiting seat 41 is elastically supported on the base 42, the linkage rack 65 vertically penetrates through the base 42 and is fixedly connected with the limiting seat 41, the two driving gears 66 are arranged below the base 42 and are coaxially arranged, and the two driving gears 66 are fixedly connected through a connecting shaft (as shown in fig. 4). One drive gear 66 is meshed with the linked rack 65, the incomplete rack 64 is horizontally fixed to the push rod 63, and the incomplete rack 64 is placed directly under the other drive gear 66.
The rotating shaft 51 horizontally rotates above the limiting seat 41, the mounting frame 53 is elastically supported on the rotating shaft 51 and is coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft 51, the three link mechanisms 52 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft 51, and three free ends of each link mechanism 52 are correspondingly hinged on the rotating shaft 51, the mounting frame 53 and the supporting block 54. The first rotary disk 55 and the second rotary disk 62 are coaxially arranged and are respectively connected to the mounting frame 53 and the push rod 63 in a corresponding rotating manner, and the first rotary disk 55 and the second rotary disk 62 are coaxially arranged.
The two elastic supporting bodies 31 are symmetrically arranged above the limiting seat 41, the two positioning blocks 21 are supported on the two elastic supporting bodies 31, the mounting plate 12 is arranged above the two positioning blocks 21, the mounting plate 12 can move along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 51 and move in the vertical direction, the drill bit 11 is rotatably connected to the mounting plate 12, and the drill bit 11 is positioned between the two positioning blocks 21.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, in order to facilitate the limitation of the hexahedral workpiece 400 in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 51, a rectangular limitation groove 411 is provided on the limitation seat 41, and two mounting reference surfaces a are correspondingly formed on the left and right sides of the limitation groove 411. The installation reference plane a is used for determining the installation positions of the two positioning blocks 21, and the action of the installation reference plane a is described in detail below in combination with the dynamic positioning process of the hexahedral workpiece 400 and the action principle of the two positioning blocks 21.
The positioning block 21 in the invention is of a right-angle block structure with a horizontal side and a vertical side, a right-angle positioning opening 211 is arranged on the inner wall surface of the vertical side in the positioning block 21, a guide inclined surface 212 is arranged on the inner wall surface of the positioning block 21 and below the right-angle positioning opening 211, and the bottommost end of the guide inclined surface 212 extends on the bottom surface of the vertical side in the positioning block 21.
When the two positioning blocks 21 are installed, the two positioning blocks 21 are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the limiting seat 41 by taking the two installation datum planes A of the limiting groove 411 as references, and the vertical surface of the right-angle positioning opening 211 on one side positioning block 21 is ensured to be arranged on the inner side of the corresponding side installation datum plane A, and the bottommost end of the guide inclined plane 212 is arranged on the outer side of the corresponding side installation datum plane A.
When the hexahedral workpieces 400 of the same size are processed in batch, it is ensured that the axial length of the processed hexahedral workpieces 400 is smaller than the axial length of the limiting groove 411. When the positioning blocks 21 are assembled, the axial length b of the hexahedral workpiece 400 to be processed is measured, then the mounting positions of the two positioning blocks 21 are determined according to the measured axial length b, and the difference is not more than 2mm when the distance a between the vertical surfaces in the right angle positioning openings 211 on the two positioning blocks 21 is larger than or equal to b.
Referring to fig. 7, when the hexahedral workpiece 400 is processed, the hexahedral workpiece 400 is placed in the limiting groove 411, and then the two positioning blocks 21 are simultaneously pressed down, and since the bottommost end of the guide inclined plane 212 is placed at the outer side of the corresponding side mounting reference plane a, during the pressing down of the two guide inclined planes 212, if the hexahedral workpiece 400 is out of alignment, the guide inclined plane 212 corrects the hexahedral workpiece 400, and finally, the hexahedral workpiece 400 is centered between the two positioning blocks 21. After the two positioning blocks 21 are pressed down and completely abut against the hexahedral workpiece 400, positioning is performed through the two right-angle positioning openings 211. The deviation of the horizontal distance a between the two right-angle positioning openings 211 and the axial length of the hexahedral workpiece 400 is not more than 2mm, so that the centering positioning effect of the hexahedral workpiece 400 between the two positioning blocks 21 is ensured.
According to the invention, through realizing the structure of the positioning block 21, the dynamic limit of the hexahedral workpiece 400 in the process of pressing down the positioning block 21 is realized, the workpiece is positioned without stopping, the use effect is good, and the positioning efficiency is high.
The elastic supporting body 31 in the invention comprises a mounting block 311, a first spring 312, a first guide rod 313, a pressing rod 314 and a roller 315, wherein the mounting block 311 is arranged above the limiting seat 41 and is mounted on a frame, and the position of the mounting block 311 on the frame is adjustable (can be realized through a scaled waist-shaped hole structure) so as to realize the position adjustment of the positioning block 21. The frame and adjustment structure of the mounting block 311 are not shown for simplicity.
The first guide rod 313 passes through the horizontal edge of the positioning block 21 and is fixedly connected with the mounting block 311, the first spring 312 is sleeved on the first guide rod 313, the upper end and the lower end of the first spring 312 respectively abut against the positioning block 21 and the mounting block 311, the pressing rod 314 is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the horizontal edge of the positioning block 21, the roller 315 is rotationally connected to the top end of the pressing rod 314, and the mounting plate 12 vertically moves downwards and presses the roller 315. The working principle of the elastic support 31 will be described in detail in the following during the operation of the whole device.
As shown in fig. 8, in order to elastically support the mounting frame 53 on the rotating shaft 51, a second guide rod 511 is fixedly connected to the axial direction of the end face of the rotating shaft 51, a second spring 512 is sleeved on the second guide rod 511, the mounting frame 53 is movably inserted on the second guide rod 511, and the left end and the right end of the second spring 512 respectively abut against the mounting frame 53 and the rotating shaft 51.
The link mechanism 52 in the present invention includes a first link lever 521 and a second link lever 522, one side end of the first link lever 521 is hinged at the middle of the second link lever 522, two ends of the second link lever 522 and the other side end of the first link lever 521 constitute three free ends of the link mechanism 52, two ends of the second link lever 522 are respectively hinged on the rotation shaft 51 and the supporting block 54, and the other side end of the first link lever 521 is hinged on the mounting frame 53.
The link mechanism 52 is realized by a mechanism of a hinge pair, and the movement of the support block 54 is realized by the hinge movement between the first hinge lever 521 and the second hinge lever 522 by applying pressure to the axial direction of the mounting frame 53.
The supporting block 54 in the present invention comprises an inner block 541, an outer block 542, a third guide rod 543 and a third spring 544, wherein the inner block 541 and the outer block 542 are arranged in parallel, the inner block 541 is hinged on the link mechanism 52, the third guide rod 543 passes through the inner block 541 and is fixedly connected with the outer block 542, the third spring 544 is sleeved on the third guide rod 543, and two ends of the third spring 544 respectively abut against the inner block 541 and the outer block 542.
The invention realizes the rotation of the hexahedral workpiece 400 by expanding the supporting block 54 through the link mechanism 52 and abutting the supporting block 54 on the inner wall of the hexahedral workpiece 400, the outer block 542 is made of rubber material, and the outer wall surface of the outer block 542 is provided with an anti-slip net surface in order to increase the friction force between the supporting block 54 and the hexahedral workpiece 400.
The axial pressure of the link mechanism 52 is achieved by moving the push rod 63 and abutting the push rod 63 against the mounting frame 53, when the hexahedral workpiece 400 is rotated, the mounting frame 53 and the push rod 63 are correspondingly provided with the first rotary disc 55 and the second rotary disc 62 for facilitating the rotation of the hexahedral workpiece 400, the mounting frame 53 and the push rod 63 are respectively provided with the mounting disc 71 for facilitating the mounting of the first rotary disc 55 and the second rotary disc 62, and the first rotary disc 55 and the second rotary disc 62 are respectively connected to the two mounting discs 71 in a rotating manner.
When the hexahedral workpiece 400 is rotated, the hexahedral workpiece 400 is separated from the limiting seat 41 and the hexahedral workpiece 400 is suspended. Therefore, after the push rod 63 abuts against the mounting frame 53 to realize the opening of the link mechanism 52, the supporting block 54 abuts against the inner wall of the hexahedral workpiece 400, so that the hexahedral workpiece 400 is limited and fixed. And then the push rod 63 is pushed continuously in the axial direction, at this time, the third spring 544 between the inner block 541 and the outer block 542 is compressed, and in the process of compressing the third spring 544, the tooth surface on the incomplete rack 64 is meshed with the corresponding driving gear 66, and the limit seat 41 is pulled down, so that the hexahedral workpiece 400 is suspended.
In order to ensure stable operation and resetting of the limiting seat 41, a fourth guide rod 421 is fixedly connected to the base 42, a fourth spring 422 is inserted onto the fourth guide rod 421, the limiting seat 41 is inserted onto the fourth guide rod 421, and the top end of the fourth spring (422) abuts against the limiting seat 41.
In order to limit the limiting seat 41 in the vertical direction, a limiting table 651 is arranged on the back surface of the linkage rack 65, and the limiting table 651 is abutted against the bottom surface of the base 42 under the action of the elastic force of the fourth spring 422. The limit seat 41 is prevented from being in a floating state by the meshing and clasping force between the linkage rack 65 and the driving gear 66.
In the present invention, auxiliary members for mounting, such as a side plate 91 for mounting the rotating shaft 51, a cross bar 92 for mounting the second turntable 62 on the push rod 63, and the like are correspondingly provided.
The mounting plate 12 is driven by a two-dimensional driving structure and moves horizontally and vertically, the two-dimensional driving structure comprises an electric sliding rail unit 81, a guide rail 82, a driving rack 83, a gear 84 and a fixing plate 85, the fixing plate 85 is fixedly connected to a sliding block in the electric sliding rail unit 81, the electric sliding rail unit 81 drives the fixing plate 85 to move horizontally, the guide rail 82 is fixedly connected to the fixing plate 85, the mounting plate 12 is slidingly connected to the guide rail 82, the driving rack 83 is slidingly connected to the fixing plate 85 and fixedly connected with the mounting plate 12, the gear 84 is rotatably connected to the fixing plate 85 and meshed with the driving rack 83, and the gear 84 rotates and drives the mounting plate 12 to move vertically. The mounting plate 12 is moved horizontally to adjust the position of the borehole.
A motor 121 and a gear box 122 are arranged on the mounting plate 12, the motor 121 is connected with the gear box 122, and the drill bit 11 is connected with an output shaft of the gear box 122 through a drill bit clamp.
The principle of mechanical operation of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 9, 10 and 11.
In use, the hexahedral workpiece 400 is placed in the limiting groove 411 of the limiting seat 41, the mounting plate 12 moves downward and drives the drill bit 11 to move downward, the mounting plate 12 presses the roller 315 first before the drill bit 11 does not contact the hexahedral workpiece 400, and then the guide inclined surfaces 212 of the two positioning blocks 21 contact the hexahedral workpiece 400 and limit the hexahedral workpiece 400. As the mounting plate 12 continues to be depressed, the first spring 312 continues to be compressively deformed, and the drill 11 contacts the hexahedral workpiece 400 and performs drilling, as shown in fig. 9.
After the hexahedral workpiece 400 is drilled, the mounting plate 12 drives the drill 11 to return, and the positioning block 21 is pressed against the hexahedral workpiece 400 during the process of withdrawing the drill 11 from the hexahedral workpiece 400, so that the hexahedral workpiece 400 can be prevented from being displaced. While the bit 11 is being withdrawn from the hexahedral workpiece 400 and the positioning block 21 is still in the positioned state, the push rod 63 moves and abuts the second rotary table 62 against the first rotary table 55, so that the outer block 542 in the support block 54 is in contact with the inner wall surface of the hexahedral workpiece 400. After the outer block 542 contacts the hexahedral workpiece 400, the positioning block 21 is separated from the hexahedral workpiece 400, as shown in fig. 10.
The elastic support body 31 is used for ensuring that the hexahedral workpiece 400 is kept in place and is not moved by shifting when the outer block 542 contacts the inner wall surface of the hexahedral workpiece 400 during the drilling of the hexahedral workpiece 400 and the withdrawal of the drill 11 from the hexahedral workpiece 400.
After the positioning block 21 is separated from the hexahedral workpiece 400, the pushing rod 63 is pushed in the axial direction by continuing to move, at this time, the third spring 544 between the inner block 541 and the outer block 542 is compressed, and in the process of compressing the third spring 544, the tooth surface on the incomplete rack 64 is meshed with the corresponding driving gear 66, and the limiting seat 41 is pulled down, so that the hexahedral workpiece 400 is suspended, as shown in fig. 11. After the hexahedral workpiece 400 is suspended, the rotary shaft 51 is rotated to drill the next end face. The rotation shaft 51 is driven by a stepping motor. After the multi-sided drilling of the hexahedral workpiece 400 is completed, the hexahedral workpiece 400 is manually removed.
Each time a new part is machined, the rotating shaft 51 is first rotated to a starting position, the starting position of the rotating shaft 51 is achieved by providing a pointer 100 (as shown in fig. 2) on the rotating shaft 51, and then the hexahedral workpiece 400 is sleeved outside the supporting block 54. The initial position of the rotating shaft 51 is set, and each rotation angle of the rotating shaft is guaranteed to enable the machined surface of the hexahedral workpiece 400 to face upwards horizontally.
The invention covers mechanical principles such as mechanical linkage, sliding rail transmission, gear transmission, connecting rod transmission, dynamic limit, spring use and the like, has important significance for students to understand the mechanical transmission principle, has remarkable educational significance for students to master nonstandard automatic design, is convenient for realizing automatic operation when being applied to actual production and manufacture, can provide working efficiency, and has simple structure and good use effect.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention, and it should be noted that modifications could be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the invention, which modifications would also be considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011282973.0A CN112496385B (en) | 2020-11-17 | 2020-11-17 | Drilling device for realizing automatic positioning and flipping of hexahedral workpiece based on mechanical linkage |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011282973.0A CN112496385B (en) | 2020-11-17 | 2020-11-17 | Drilling device for realizing automatic positioning and flipping of hexahedral workpiece based on mechanical linkage |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112496385A CN112496385A (en) | 2021-03-16 |
| CN112496385B true CN112496385B (en) | 2024-08-23 |
Family
ID=74956407
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011282973.0A Active CN112496385B (en) | 2020-11-17 | 2020-11-17 | Drilling device for realizing automatic positioning and flipping of hexahedral workpiece based on mechanical linkage |
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| CN107052395A (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2017-08-18 | 合肥智慧龙机械设计有限公司 | A kind of two-sided perforating device of turnover vehicle ring flange |
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| GB2122526A (en) * | 1982-06-28 | 1984-01-18 | Tekron Licensing Bv | Portable machine tool support usable in drill stand mode or lathe mode |
| CN2618711Y (en) * | 2003-04-28 | 2004-06-02 | 浙江三花股份有限公司 | Positioning clamp for drilling hole on pipe |
| CN105014113B (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2018-04-24 | 巨万飞 | A kind of automobile pipe fitting multi-angle drilling device |
| CN107234269B (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2019-02-19 | 广东顺事德智能科技有限公司 | A kind of continuously punched device of hinge leaf |
| CN207522199U (en) * | 2017-10-29 | 2018-06-22 | 扬州朗达数控设备有限公司 | A kind of carving and milling machine high with dust-absorbing function stability |
| CN109202513A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2019-01-15 | 湖州吴兴锐质自动化输送设备厂（普通合伙） | A kind of door and window secondary process turnover device |
| CN209425045U (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2019-09-24 | 江西樟树市福铃内燃机配件有限公司 | Drilling equipment is used in a kind of processing of part of automobile engine |
| CN210231620U (en) * | 2019-08-24 | 2020-04-03 | 营口宝唯管业发展有限公司 | Advanced manufacturing technical equipment for super-strong corrosion-resistant alloy pipeline |
| CN210967975U (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-07-10 | 南通市滨海铝业有限公司 | But aluminium alloy production is with drilling equipment of material upset |
| CN111438828B (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2021-11-30 | 大同新成新材料股份有限公司 | Turnover type automatic drilling machine for intelligent pantograph carbon slide plate and drilling method thereof |
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| JP2007268685A (en) * | 2006-03-31 | 2007-10-18 | Topcon Corp | Lens drilling device |
| CN107052395A (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2017-08-18 | 合肥智慧龙机械设计有限公司 | A kind of two-sided perforating device of turnover vehicle ring flange |
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| CN112496385A (en) | 2021-03-16 |
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