CN112482361A - Impact drilling cast-in-place pile construction device and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Impact drilling cast-in-place pile construction device and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112482361A CN112482361A CN202011378369.8A CN202011378369A CN112482361A CN 112482361 A CN112482361 A CN 112482361A CN 202011378369 A CN202011378369 A CN 202011378369A CN 112482361 A CN112482361 A CN 112482361A
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D13/00—Accessories for placing or removing piles or bulkheads, e.g. noise attenuating chambers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D13/00—Accessories for placing or removing piles or bulkheads, e.g. noise attenuating chambers
- E02D13/06—Accessories for placing or removing piles or bulkheads, e.g. noise attenuating chambers for observation while placing
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B1/00—Percussion drilling
- E21B1/02—Surface drives for drop hammers or percussion drilling, e.g. with a cable
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to a percussion drilling cast-in-place pile construction device which comprises a rack, a drill hammer, a driving mechanism and a traction rope, wherein the rack is provided with a monitoring mechanism and a control mechanism, the monitoring mechanism is used for monitoring the offset angle of the traction rope close to one section of the drill hammer, and the control mechanism is used for controlling the driving mechanism to prevent the traction rope from being released; the monitoring mechanism comprises a vertical auxiliary part, a distance testing unit and an angle calculating unit; the vertical auxiliary part is hung on the rack; the distance testing unit is arranged at the free end of the vertical auxiliary piece and used for testing the horizontal distance between the free end of the vertical auxiliary piece and one section of the traction rope close to the drill hammer as an offset distance; the angle calculation unit is connected with the distance test unit and used for receiving the offset distance and calculating the offset angle according to the offset distance and a preset calculation formula. This application has the inclination that makes the stake hole and is located the gradient within range of regulation to improve pile foundation construction quality's effect.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a percussion drilling cast-in-place pile construction device and a construction method thereof.
Background
The cast-in-situ bored pile is a pile foundation which is made by forming a pile hole in foundation soil through mechanical drilling, punching, steel pipe soil extrusion or manual excavation and the like on an engineering site, placing a reinforcement cage in the pile hole and pouring concrete into the pile hole. The cast-in-situ bored pile has the characteristics of mature construction process, high bearing capacity, few use limiting conditions and the like, and is widely applied to engineering projects with poorer geological conditions. The improvement of the hole forming efficiency on the premise of maintaining the stability of the hole wall is an important index for evaluating the quality of the process of the impact hole forming cast-in-place pile.
When adopting the pile foundation of percussion drill construction drilling bored concrete pile, because the vibrations that the drilling hammer impact produced to and protect a section of thick bamboo and bury the unevenness of itself underground, often can lead to bored concrete pile to protect a section of thick bamboo and produce the slope, protect a section of thick bamboo slope and can lead to the drilling bored concrete pile inclined hole. In order to overcome the inclination of the pile casing, a level gauge is generally adopted to measure the levelness of the pile casing of the cast-in-place pile at regular time.
In view of the above-mentioned related technologies, the inventor believes that there are defects that the deviation state of the casing cannot be continuously monitored, the pile hole is easily inclined, and the construction quality of the pile foundation is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the construction quality of a pile foundation, the application provides a percussion drilling cast-in-place pile construction device and a construction method thereof.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a percussion drilling bored concrete pile construction device, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a percussion drilling cast-in-place pile construction device comprises a rack, a drill hammer, a driving mechanism and a traction rope, wherein the rack is provided with a monitoring mechanism and a control mechanism, the monitoring mechanism is used for monitoring the offset angle of the traction rope close to one section of the drill hammer, and the control mechanism is used for controlling the driving mechanism to prevent the traction rope from being released; the monitoring mechanism comprises a vertical auxiliary part, a distance testing unit and an angle calculating unit;
the vertical auxiliary part is hung on the rack;
the distance testing unit is arranged at the free end of the vertical auxiliary piece and used for testing the horizontal distance between the free end of the vertical auxiliary piece and one section of the traction rope close to the drill hammer as an offset distance;
the angle calculation unit is connected with the distance test unit and used for receiving the offset distance and calculating the offset angle according to the offset distance and a preset calculation formula.
By adopting the technical scheme, the vertical auxiliary piece is hung on the rack, so that the vertical auxiliary piece is in a vertical state on the rack; the deviation angle of impact of the drill hammer is calculated through testing the distance between the vertical auxiliary part and the traction rope, which is close to one section of the drill hammer; when the deviation angle is larger than the preset angle, the driving mechanism prevents the pulling rope from releasing, namely prevents the drill hammer from descending, so that the inclination angle of the pile hole is within the specified inclination range, and the construction quality of the pile foundation is improved.
Optionally, the driving mechanism comprises a driving piece, a reel and a stopping assembly, a support frame is arranged on the frame, and the reel is rotatably connected to the support frame; the driving piece is fixed on the rack and used for driving the reel to rotate so as to wind the pulling rope on the reel; the preventing assembly is used for preventing the reel from reversely rotating so as to prevent the pulling rope from being released.
By adopting the technical scheme, the driving piece drives the reel to rotate, and the pulling rope can be wound on the reel, so that the drill hammer is lifted, and the drill hammer is convenient to impact by adopting a certain stroke after the pulling rope is released; the improved stopping assembly stops reverse rotation of the reel, can stop release of the traction rope, and accordingly enables the drill hammer to be more conveniently prevented from descending.
Optionally, the stopping assembly comprises a ratchet wheel, a pawl and a torsion spring, the ratchet wheel is fixed on a rotating shaft of the reel, the pawl is rotationally connected to the support frame, the torsion spring is sleeved on the rotating shaft of the pawl, two ends of the torsion spring are respectively fixed on the support frame and the pawl, and the torsion spring is used for enabling the pawl to be meshed with the ratchet wheel; the supporting frame is provided with an electromagnet, the free end of the pawl is provided with an iron block, and when the electromagnet adsorbs the iron block, the pawl is separated from the ratchet wheel.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the drill hammer normally impacts to form a hole, the electromagnet is electrified to enable the iron block to be adsorbed on the electromagnet, so that the pawl is separated from the ratchet wheel, and the influence on the rotation of the wire winding wheel is reduced; when the deviation angle of the impact of the drill hammer is larger than the preset angle, the pawl is meshed with the ratchet wheel through the torsion spring, so that the reverse rotation of the reel is prevented, and the operation is convenient and fast.
Optionally, the pawls are multiple, a circular ring cover is arranged on the support frame, the pawls are rotationally connected to the circular ring cover and evenly distributed on the inner wall of the circular ring cover.
By adopting the technical scheme, the plurality of pawls are respectively matched with the ratchet wheel, so that the reverse rotation of the reel can be better prevented; the annular cover shields the pawl and the torsion spring, reduces the condition that impurities such as slurry fall into the pawl, and therefore the pawl can rotate more easily.
Optionally, the stopping assembly comprises a gear, a stopping strip, an air bag and an inflator pump, the gear is fixed on a rotating shaft of the reel, the stopping strip is connected to the support frame in a sliding manner, one end of the stopping strip abuts against the outer surface of the air bag, and the other end of the stopping strip abuts against the circumferential surface of the gear; the support frame is provided with a limiting cavity for limiting the air bag, and the inflator pump is located on the rack and used for inflating and deflating the air bag.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the drill hammer normally impacts to form a hole, the air bag is deflated, so that the gear can push the stop strip to move towards the air bag, and the influence on the rotation of the wire winding wheel is reduced; when the deviation angle of the impact of the drill hammer is larger than the preset angle, the air bag is inflated through the inflator pump, so that the prevention strip is inserted between the two teeth of the gear, the reverse rotation of the reel is prevented, and the structure is simple.
Optionally, a guide ring and a limit ring are arranged on the side surface of the support frame, the air bag is located between the guide ring and the limit ring, and the limit cavity is formed by the guide ring, the limit ring and the support frame; the prevention strip has a plurality ofly, set up a plurality ofly on the guide ring and supply the hole that slides that prevents the strip and remove.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, a plurality of prevention strips cooperate with the gear respectively, prevention reel antiport that can be better.
Optionally, the outer surface of the airbag is provided with a wear-resistant plate, and one end of the stopping strip is fixed on the wear-resistant plate.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, wear-resisting piece can reduce the wearing and tearing that prevent the strip to the gasbag to improve the life of gasbag.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for constructing a cast-in-place pile by percussion drilling, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a construction method of a percussion drilling cast-in-place pile comprises the following steps:
determining hole positions, positioning the positions of pile holes by using a total station, drawing a cross-shaped pile guard according to the positions of the pile holes, and drawing the contour line of the cast-in-place pile by taking the cross-shaped pile guard as a reference;
embedding a pile casing, digging a pile casing landfill pit according to the contour line of the cast-in-place pile, leveling the bottom of the pit, placing the pile casing into the pile casing, and backfilling the pile casing with clay after the pile casing is vertical;
preparing mud, namely digging a mud pool in the range of a pile hole by adopting an excavator, wherein the mud is prepared from water, high-viscosity clay and an additive;
drilling, aligning the center of the cross-shaped pile guard through the construction device, drilling holes by using a small stroke of the construction device, adding a stroke to carry out normal impact after the depth of the holes exceeds the full height of a drill hammer, and injecting slurry into pile holes during drilling;
cleaning the hole for the first time, continuously injecting slurry into the pile hole, repeatedly flushing and stirring by a drill hammer in a low stroke, and discharging dregs at the bottom of the hole out of the hole along with the slurry in a slurry circulation mode;
manufacturing and installing a reinforcement cage, wherein the reinforcement cage is manufactured by a reinforcement processing field in sections, the reinforcement cage is hoisted into a pile hole by a crane, after one section of reinforcement cage is arranged, the reinforcement cage is fixed by a steel pipe or a square timber, another section of reinforcement cage is hoisted by a crane for welding, and all the reinforcement cages are hoisted into the pile hole in sequence;
installing a guide pipe, and hoisting the guide pipe into the pile hole by adopting a crane;
cleaning the hole for the second time, pressing the slurry into the guide pipe by adopting a pump, and replacing the sediments from the bottom of the hole along the outside of the guide pipe;
and (4) pouring concrete, namely pouring the concrete into the pile hole through the guide pipe.
By adopting the technical scheme, the cross-shaped pile guard can accurately position the pile hole, so that the construction of the construction device is facilitated; the embedded protection cylinder not only protects the orifice, effectively reduces the falling of ground stones into the hole, but also ensures the slurry water level and reduces the hole collapse; the two-time hole cleaning can effectively clean the sediment at the bottom of the hole, so that the pile body after being poured is not easy to break and clamp mud, and the quality of the pile body is effectively ensured.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the vertical auxiliary part is hung on the rack, so that the vertical auxiliary part is in a vertical state on the rack; the deviation angle of impact of the drill hammer is calculated through testing the distance between the vertical auxiliary part and the traction rope, which is close to one section of the drill hammer; when the deviation angle is larger than the preset angle, the driving mechanism prevents the pulling rope from releasing, namely prevents the drill hammer from descending, so that the inclination angle of the pile hole is within the specified inclination range, and the construction quality of the pile foundation is improved;
2. the driving piece drives the reel to rotate, so that the pulling rope can be wound on the reel, the drill hammer is further increased by a certain distance, and the drill hammer is convenient to impact by adopting a certain stroke after the pulling rope is released; the improved stopping assembly stops reverse rotation of the reel, can stop release of the traction rope, and accordingly enables the drill hammer to be more conveniently prevented from descending.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a portion of the structure of the support bracket, reel and check assembly of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a portion of the structure of the support bracket, reel and check assembly of fig. 3.
Description of reference numerals: 1. a frame; 101. a base; 102. a support; 2. drilling a hammer; 31. a drive member; 32. a reel; 331. a ratchet wheel; 332. a pawl; 333. a torsion spring; 334. a gear; 335. a stop strip; 336. an air bag; 337. an inflator pump; 4. a pulling rope; 51. a vertical auxiliary member; 52. a distance test unit; 6. a control mechanism; 7. a support frame; 8. an electromagnet; 9. an iron block; 10. a circular ring cover; 11. a guide ring; 12. a confinement ring; 13. a sliding hole; 14. a wear resistant sheet; 15. a first steering wheel; 16. a second steering wheel; 17. a driving wheel; 18. a driven wheel; 19. a belt; 20. a connecting rod.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to fig. 1-4 and the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
The embodiment of the application discloses a percussion drilling bored concrete pile construction device.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a percussion drilling cast-in-place pile construction device comprises a frame 1, a drilling hammer 2, a driving mechanism and a traction rope 4, wherein the frame 1 comprises a base 101 and a support 102, the bottom end of the support 102 is welded and fixed on the upper surface of the base 101, and an included angle between the support 102 and the base 101 is an obtuse angle. Two connecting rods 20 are welded and fixed between the upper part of the support 102 and the base 101, so that a triangle is formed between the base 101 and the support 102 and between the connecting rods 20, and the structure of the frame 1 is more stable. In other applications, the bottom end of the support 102 is rotatably connected to the base 101, the upper portion of the support 102 is rotatably connected to the connecting rod 20, and one end of the connecting rod 20 far away from the support 102 can be fixed to the base 101 through a bolt; when the storage rack 1 is carried, the free end of the support 102 can be turned to be close to the upper surface of the base 101, thereby reducing the space occupied by the rack 1.
The driving mechanism comprises a driving part 31, a reel 32 and a stopping assembly, wherein the driving part 31 is a driving motor, the driving motor is fixed on the base 101 through bolts, and a driving wheel 17 is fixed on an output shaft of the driving motor. The base 101 is fixedly welded with a support frame 7, the reel 32 is rotatably connected to the support frame 7, the driven wheel 18 is fixed on a rotating shaft of the reel 32, and the belt 19 is sleeved outside the driving wheel 17 and the driven wheel 18. When the driving motor is energized, the driving pulley 17 is driven to rotate, and the rotation of the driving pulley 17 drives the driven pulley 18 to rotate through the belt 19, so that the reel 32 rotates. The driving motor and the supporting frame 7 are both positioned at one end of the base 101 far away from the support 102.
A first steering wheel 15 is rotatably connected to the base 101, and the first steering wheel 15 is located at one end of the base 101 close to the support 102. A second steering wheel 16 is rotatably connected to the support 102, and the second steering wheel 16 is located at one end of the support 102 far away from the base 101. One end of the traction rope 4 is wound on the winding wheel 32, and the other end of the traction rope passes through the first steering wheel 15 and the second steering wheel 16 in sequence and then is connected with the top of the drill hammer 2. Can change the direction of pulling of tractive rope 4 through first directive wheel 15 and second directive wheel 16, driving motor orders about the reel 32 rotation, can make tractive rope 4 twine on reel 32 to promote the weight 2, be convenient for release the tractive rope 4 after the weight 2 adopts certain stroke to strike the drilling stroke.
A monitoring mechanism and a control mechanism 6 are arranged on the frame 1, and the monitoring mechanism is used for monitoring the offset angle of a section of the traction rope 4 close to the drill hammer 2; the monitoring mechanism includes a vertical auxiliary 51, a distance measuring unit 52, and an angle calculating unit (not shown in the drawings). Wherein the vertical auxiliary member 51 is hung on the frame 1 so that the vertical auxiliary member 51 is generally maintained in a vertical state. A distance test unit 52 is mounted at the free end of the vertical auxiliary member 51 for testing the horizontal distance between the free end of the vertical auxiliary member 51 and a section of the draw string 4 near the hammer 2 as an offset distance. The control mechanism 6 is used for controlling the driving mechanism to prevent the pulling rope 4 from being released, the control mechanism 6 is arranged on the driving motor, and the angle calculating unit is arranged in the control mechanism 6.
The angle calculating unit is connected to the distance testing unit 52, and is configured to receive the offset distance and calculate the offset angle according to the offset distance and a preset calculation formula. Specifically, when the section of the pulling rope 4 connected with the drill hammer 2 is in a vertical state, the horizontal distance between the free end of the vertical auxiliary member 51 and the section of the pulling rope 4 close to the drill hammer 2 is S1; the self length of the test vertical auxiliary 51 is L, the offset distance from the test unit 52 is S2, and the offset angle is a, and the predetermined calculation formula is cotA = L/(S2-S1).
The stop assembly is used to stop the reverse rotation of the reel 32 to prevent release of the pull-up cord 4. The preventing member includes a ratchet 331, a pawl 332, and a torsion spring 333, and the ratchet 331 is fixed to the rotational shaft of the reel 32 by a bolt. The pawl 332 is rotatably connected to the support frame 7, the torsion spring 333 is sleeved on the rotating shaft of the pawl 332, two ends of the torsion spring 333 are respectively fixed to the support frame 7 and the pawl 332, and the torsion spring 333 is used for enabling the pawl 332 to be meshed with the ratchet 331. Specifically, the side welded fastening of support frame 7 has ring cover 10, and pawl 332 has a plurality ofly, and a plurality of pawls 332 rotate to be connected on ring cover 10, and even distribution is on the inner wall of ring cover 10. The pawls 332 are respectively matched with the ratchet 331, so that the reverse rotation of the reel 32 can be better prevented; the ring cover 10 shields the ratchet 332 and the torsion spring 333, and reduces the possibility that impurities such as slurry fall onto the ratchet 332, thereby facilitating the rotation of the ratchet 332.
An electromagnet 8 is fixed on the inner wall of the circular ring cover 10, an iron block 9 is fixed at the free end of the pawl 332, and when the electromagnet 8 adsorbs the iron block 9, the pawl 332 is separated from the ratchet 331. The fixing mode of the electromagnet 8 and the fixing mode of the iron block 9 can be embedded, and can also be bonded by strong glue. When the deviation angle of the impact of the hammer 2 is larger than the preset angle, the pawl 332 is meshed with the ratchet 331 through the torsion spring 333, so that the reverse rotation of the reel 32 is prevented, and the operation is convenient.
The implementation principle of the embodiment 1 is as follows: the vertical auxiliary member 51 is hung on the frame 1, so that the vertical auxiliary member 51 is in a vertical state on the frame 1; the deviation angle of the impact of the drill hammer 2 is calculated through testing the distance between the vertical auxiliary part 51 and the traction rope 4 close to one section of the drill hammer 2; when the deviation angle is larger than the preset angle, the electromagnet 8 is powered off through the control mechanism 6, so that the pawl 332 is meshed with the ratchet wheel 331 under the action of the torsion spring 333, the reverse rotation of the reel 32 is prevented to prevent the release of the traction rope 4, namely the descending of the drilling hammer 2 is prevented, and the inclination angle of the pile hole is within the specified inclination range, so that the pile foundation construction quality is improved.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that the stopping assembly includes a gear 334, a stopping strip 335, an air bag 336 and an inflator 337, a guide ring 11 and a limit ring 12 are welded and fixed to the side of the support frame 7, and the limit ring 12 is located outside the guide ring 11, wherein the air bag 336 is annular, and the air bag 336 is located between the guide ring 11 and the limit ring 12, that is, a limit cavity for placing the air bag 336 is formed between the guide ring 11, the limit ring 12 and the support frame 7. The inflator 337 is fixed on the base 101 by bolts, an air outlet of the inflator 337 is communicated with the air bag 336 by a hose, and the air bag 336 can be inflated and deflated by the inflator 337.
The gear 334 is fixed to the rotation shaft of the reel 32 by bolts, and the guide ring 11 is provided with a plurality of sliding holes 13, and the plurality of sliding holes 13 are uniformly distributed on the circumferential surface of the guide ring 11. The stopper bar 335 is slidably connected in the slide hole 13, and one end of the stopper bar 335 abuts on the inner circumferential surface of the air bag 336 and the other end abuts on the circumferential surface of the gear 334. The reverse rotation of the reel 32 can be better prevented by the engagement of the plurality of prevention bars 335 with the gear 334, respectively.
The outer surface of the bladder 336 has a wear pad 14 bonded thereto and one end of the stop strip 335 is secured to the wear pad 14. The wear of the stop strip 335 on the bladder 336 is reduced by the wear pad 14, thereby increasing the service life of the bladder 336. In other applications, the stopping strip 335 is sleeved with a spring, two ends of the spring are welded and fixed on the stopping strip 335 and the guide ring 11, and the stopping strip 335 is separated from the gear 334 when the spring is in a natural state.
The implementation principle of the embodiment 2 is as follows: when the drill hammer 2 normally impacts to form a hole, the air bag 336 is deflated, so that the gear 334 can push the stopping strip 335 to move towards the air bag 336, and the influence of the stopping strip 335 on the rotation of the wire winding wheel 32 is reduced; when the deviation angle of the impact of the hammer 2 is larger than the preset angle, the air bag 336 is inflated by the inflator 337, so that the prevention strip 335 is inserted between two teeth of the gear 334, and the reverse rotation of the reel 32 is prevented, with a simple structure.
The embodiment of the application also discloses a construction method of the impact drill cast-in-place pile, which comprises the following steps:
and (4) determining hole positions, positioning the positions of the pile holes by adopting a total station, drawing a cross-shaped pile guard according to the positions of the pile holes, and drawing the contour line of the cast-in-place pile by taking the cross-shaped pile guard as a reference.
In the embodiment of the application, before the survey hole site, need clear up the level and smooth to the drilling place. For example, when the drilling site is located in shallow water, a steep slope or sludge, a working platform can be built by adopting a damask, a sleeper or section steel and the like. After the cross-shaped pile protection is pulled, protection is needed; through the modes of hanging wires and hanging perpendicular wires, the center deviation of the cross-shaped fender pile is required to be less than or equal to 50 mm. Through the cross-shaped pile protection, the pile position can be checked during drilling and positioning of the reinforcement cage.
Embedding a pile casing, digging a pile casing landfill pit according to the contour line of the cast-in-place pile, leveling the bottom of the pit, placing the pile casing, and backfilling the pile casing with clay after the pile casing is vertical.
In the embodiment of the application, the pile casing is made of an A3 steel plate with the thickness of 8-12 mm in a rolling mode, and the inner diameter of the pile casing is 20cm larger than the diameter of the pile. The pile casing is manufactured in a workshop in sections, the pile casing integrally sinks after the platform is in butt joint, deviation is adjusted between the guide frame and the pile casing by using a wood wedge at any time during sinking, and the bottom foot of the pile casing is required to reach the top surface of the pebble layer. Specifically, the casing needs to be tight and watertight, and clay backfill needs to be dense. The embedding depth of the pile casing needs to meet the construction requirement, for example, the position of the upper surface of the pile casing is less than or equal to 50 mm. The inclination of the protective cylinder is less than or equal to 1%, and the water level in the hole is higher than the bottom of the protective cylinder by more than 0.5 m.
Preparing the slurry, namely digging a slurry pool in the range of a pile hole by adopting an excavator, wherein the slurry is prepared from water, high-viscosity clay and an additive.
In the embodiment of the application, a mud pit is excavated, good slurry-making clay or bentonite is selected and prepared, the slurry-making amount is 2 times of the concrete volume of the pile, and the specific gravity of the slurry can be timely adjusted according to different drilled stratums.
And drilling, namely aligning the center of the cross-shaped pile guard through the construction device, drilling with a small stroke by the construction device, adding a stroke to carry out normal impact after the drilling depth exceeds the full height of the drill hammer 2, and injecting slurry into the pile hole during drilling.
Specifically, when punching, the hole enters the bottom opening section of the protective cylinder, and a small-stroke hole is adopted, so that the initial hole is solid, straight and smooth, the guiding effect can be achieved, and the orifice is prevented from collapsing. The drilling depth exceeds the height of the drilling hammer 2 and normal impact can be carried out after the stroke. Hard rock stratum should adopt medium and large stroke, and loose stratum should adopt medium and small stroke. And when the drilled hole reaches the designed elevation hole site, checking the hole depth, the hole diameter, the hole site, the hole shape, the inclination and the hole bottom geological condition, filling a final hole record, and timely informing a supervision engineer to go to a site for checking and accepting.
In the embodiment of the application, in order to prevent the impact vibration from collapsing the hole wall of the adjacent hole or influencing the solidification of the concrete poured in the adjacent hole, the drill can be driven after the concrete pouring of the adjacent hole is finished and the compressive strength of 2.5MPa is reached. And (3) fishing out a drilling slag sample in a mud pit every 2m or stratum change position is drilled, finding out the soil quality and recording, and removing the drilling slag and replacing mud in time. And meanwhile, paying attention to the change of the soil layer, fishing out slag samples at the changed positions of the soil layer, and judging the soil layer and recording the soil layer into a recording table so as to be checked with the geological profile.
And (3) cleaning the hole for the first time, continuously injecting mud into the pile hole, repeatedly flushing and stirring by a low stroke of the drilling hammer 2, and discharging dregs at the bottom of the hole out of the hole along with the mud in a mud circulation mode.
In the embodiment of the application, the hole is cleaned by a slag extraction method, the thickness of the sediment at the bottom of the hole meets the design requirement, and the thickness of the sediment at the bottom of the hole is not more than 5cm when the design is not required.
And manufacturing and installing a reinforcement cage, wherein the reinforcement cage is manufactured by a reinforcement processing field in sections, the reinforcement cage is hoisted into the pile hole by using a crane, after each section of reinforcement cage is finished, the reinforcement cage is fixed by using a steel pipe or a square timber, another section of reinforcement cage is hoisted by using a crane for welding, and all the reinforcement cages are hoisted into the pile hole in sequence.
Specifically, the reinforcement cage is manufactured in sections in a reinforcement processing workshop or on site, and the length of the reinforcement is preferably determined. The main ribs must be straightened before fabrication without local bending. The main reinforcement should generally use whole reinforcing bar as far as possible, and the reinforcing bar joints after segmentation should stagger each other, guarantee that the joint figure in same section is no more than 50% of the total number of main reinforcement, and the joint stagger interval is no less than 35d (d is the reinforcing bar diameter), and must not be less than 50 cm. The welding and binding of the reinforcement cage must be firm, and the length and the plumpness of the welding seam should be ensured. After the steel reinforcement cage is manufactured in sections, the steel reinforcement cage is lifted to the site to be connected while being placed under the site. The overlap welding is adopted during the sectional manufacturing, the overlap end parts of the two steel bars are folded to one side in advance, the axes of the two jointed steel bars are consistent, the length of the joint is not less than 10d in single-side welding, and not less than 5d in double-side welding.
In this application embodiment, when the steel reinforcement cage hoisted, the hoisting point should be tied firmly and arrange in diameter direction, and the steel reinforcement cage must be prevented to warp among the lifting process, makes the steel reinforcement cage be natural vertical state after hoisting. And (3) lightly placing and slowly placing the steel reinforcement cage in an aligned mode with the hole position, paying attention to the water level condition in the observation hole at all times in the lowering process, if an abnormal phenomenon is found, immediately placing the steel reinforcement cage, and checking whether the hole is collapsed or not. After the reinforcement cage is lowered to the elevation, whether the center of the reinforcement cage deviates or not is checked to enable the reinforcement cage to meet the standard requirement, and the reinforcement cage is welded with the protective cylinder by 4 phi 16 reinforcements or is connected with a pouring platform into a whole to prevent the reinforcement cage from sinking or floating in the concrete pouring process.
And (4) installing the guide pipe, and hoisting the guide pipe into the pile hole by adopting a crane.
In the embodiment of the application, the number of the guide pipe is assembled before the guide pipe is used, the length and the section number of the guide pipe are calculated according to the hole depth, the guide pipe is straightened and subjected to a watertight test, and the guide pipe can be inserted into the hole only when the condition that the guide pipe is watertight and the condition that the guide pipe is disconnected is good is confirmed. The crane is used for assisting in descending the guide pipe, the guide pipe is carefully operated when being descended, and the steel reinforcement cage is prevented from being hung and touched.
And (4) cleaning the hole for the second time, pressing the slurry into the guide pipe by using a pump, and replacing the sediments from the bottom of the hole along the outside of the guide pipe.
In the embodiment of the application, the hole cleaning is generally carried out by adopting a slag pumping method for the second time, and the thickness of the sediment at the bottom of the hole is not more than 5 cm. After the secondary hole cleaning is finished, the guide pipe is gently put to the bottom, then lifted upwards by 25-40 cm, compared with the theoretical length of the guide pipe, and after the guide pipe is matched with the theoretical length of the guide pipe, the guide pipe is fixed on a hole seat of the perfusion platform.
And (4) pouring concrete, namely pouring the concrete into the pile hole through the guide pipe.
In the embodiment of the application, the sediment thickness and the slurry index at the bottom of the hole are detected before concrete is poured until the design and specification requirements are met. And connecting a concrete pouring funnel, and beginning to pour concrete. During pouring, the quantity of the first batch of bottom sealing concrete is calculated and controlled, certain impact energy is generated when the pile falls, slurry can be discharged from the guide pipe, the depth of the lower opening of the guide pipe embedded into the concrete can be 1-3 m, and when the pile body is long, the depth of the guide pipe embedded into the concrete can be properly enlarged.
In the process of pouring, attention should be paid to observing the conditions of concrete descending in the guide pipe and water level ascending and descending in the hole, the height of the concrete surface in the hole is measured in time, and the guide pipe is correctly commanded to be lifted and dismantled. When the guide pipe is lifted, the axis is kept vertical and centered, and the guide pipe is gradually lifted. If the guide pipe flange is used for clamping and hanging the steel reinforcement framework, the guide pipe can be rotated to be separated from the steel reinforcement framework and then moved to the center of the drill hole. When the guide pipe is lifted to a certain height above the exposed opening of the flange joint, 1 or 2 sections of the guide pipe can be removed, and the specific function is determined according to the length of each section of the guide pipe and the height of the working platform from the opening.
When the guide pipe needs to be removed, the pouring is suspended, the pouring funnel is taken away firstly, the guide pipe at the wellhead is fastened again, the lifting device is hung, then the connector bolt or the quick connector of the guide pipe is loosened, meanwhile, the lifting hook for hanging the guide pipe is lowered to hang the lifting ring at the upper end of the guide pipe to be removed, after the bolt is completely removed or the quick connector is removed, the guide pipe to be removed is lifted, the guide pipe to be removed is slowly placed on the ground, then the pouring funnel is inserted into the guide pipe at the wellhead again, the position is corrected, and the pouring is continued. Wherein, the action of removing the guide pipe is fast, and the pouring time of each pile is controlled to be completed within 8 hours. Bolts, rubber pads and tools etc. are prevented from falling into the holes.
The implementation principle of the construction method for the impact drilling cast-in-place pile in the embodiment of the application is as follows: the cross-shaped pile guard is designed, so that the pile hole can be accurately positioned, and the construction of a construction device is facilitated; the embedded protection cylinder not only protects the orifice, effectively reduces the falling of ground stones into the hole, but also ensures the slurry water level and reduces the hole collapse; the two-time hole cleaning can effectively clean the sediment at the bottom of the hole, so that the pile body after being poured is not easy to break and clamp mud, and the quality of the pile body is effectively ensured.
The foregoing is a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of the application in any way, and any features disclosed in this specification (including the abstract and drawings) may be replaced by alternative features serving equivalent or similar purposes, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature is only an example of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.
Claims (8)
1. A percussion drilling cast-in-place pile construction device comprises a rack (1), a drilling hammer (2), a driving mechanism and a traction rope (4), and is characterized in that the rack (1) is provided with a monitoring mechanism and a control mechanism (6), the monitoring mechanism is used for monitoring the offset angle of the traction rope (4) close to one section of the drilling hammer (2), and the control mechanism (6) is used for controlling the driving mechanism to prevent the traction rope (4) from being released; the monitoring mechanism comprises a vertical auxiliary part (51), a distance testing unit (52) and an angle calculating unit;
the vertical auxiliary piece (51) is hung on the rack (1);
the distance testing unit (52) is arranged at the free end of the vertical auxiliary piece (51) and used for testing the horizontal distance between the free end of the vertical auxiliary piece (51) and a section, close to the drill hammer (2), of the traction rope (4) as an offset distance;
the angle calculation unit is connected with the distance test unit (52) and used for receiving the offset distance and calculating the offset angle according to the offset distance and a preset calculation formula.
2. A percussion drilling bored concrete pile construction device according to claim 1, wherein said driving mechanism comprises a driving member (31), a reel (32) and a stopping assembly, a support frame (7) is provided on said frame (1), said reel (32) is rotatably connected to said support frame (7); the driving piece (31) is fixed on the frame (1) and is used for driving the reel (32) to rotate so as to wind the traction rope (4) on the reel (32); the preventing assembly is used for preventing the reel (32) from reversely rotating so as to prevent the release of the traction rope (4).
3. The percussion drilling bored concrete pile construction device according to claim 2, wherein the preventing component comprises a ratchet (331), a pawl (332) and a torsion spring (333), the ratchet (331) is fixed on a rotating shaft of the reel (32), the pawl (332) is rotatably connected to the support frame (7), the torsion spring (333) is sleeved on the rotating shaft of the pawl (332), and two ends of the torsion spring are respectively fixed on the support frame (7) and the pawl (332), the torsion spring (333) is used for enabling the pawl (332) to be meshed with the ratchet (331); be provided with electro-magnet (8) on support frame (7), the free end of pawl (332) is provided with iron plate (9), works as when electro-magnet (8) adsorb iron plate (9), pawl (332) and ratchet (331) phase separation.
4. The percussion drilling bored concrete pile construction device according to claim 3, wherein there are a plurality of said pawls (332), said supporting frame (7) is provided with a circular ring cover (10), and a plurality of said pawls (332) are rotatably connected to the circular ring cover (10) and uniformly distributed on the inner wall of said circular ring cover (10).
5. The percussion drilling bored concrete pile construction device according to claim 2, wherein the preventing component comprises a gear (334), a preventing strip (335), an air bag (336) and an air pump (337), the gear (334) is fixed on a rotating shaft of the reel (32), the preventing strip (335) is connected to the support frame (7) in a sliding manner, one end of the preventing strip (335) abuts against the outer surface of the air bag (336), and the other end abuts against the circumferential surface of the gear (334); the support frame (7) is provided with a limiting cavity for limiting the air bag (336), and the inflator pump (337) is positioned on the frame (1) and is used for inflating and deflating the air bag (336).
6. A percussion drilling bored concrete pile construction device according to claim 5, characterized in that the support frame (7) is provided with a guide ring (11) and a limiting ring (12) on its side, the air bag (336) is located between the guide ring (11) and the limiting ring (12), and the limiting cavity is formed by the guide ring (11), the limiting ring (12) and the support frame (7); the number of the stopping strips (335) is multiple, and the guide ring (11) is provided with a plurality of sliding holes (13) for the stopping strips (335) to move.
7. A percussion drilling bored concrete pile construction device according to claim 6, wherein said air bag (336) is provided with a wear plate (14) on its outer surface, and one end of said stopping strip (335) is fixed to said wear plate (14).
8. A construction method of a percussion drilling cast-in-place pile is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining hole positions, positioning the positions of pile holes by using a total station, drawing a cross-shaped pile guard according to the positions of the pile holes, and drawing the contour line of the cast-in-place pile by taking the cross-shaped pile guard as a reference;
embedding a pile casing, digging a pile casing landfill pit according to the contour line of the cast-in-place pile, leveling the bottom of the pit, placing the pile casing into the pile casing, and backfilling the pile casing with clay after the pile casing is vertical;
preparing mud, namely digging a mud pool in the range of a pile hole by adopting an excavator, wherein the mud is prepared from water, high-viscosity clay and an additive;
drilling, aiming at the center of the cross-shaped fender pile through a percussion drilling bored concrete pile construction device as claimed in any one of claims 1-7, wherein the construction device firstly uses a small stroke to open a hole, after the depth of the hole exceeds the full height of the drilling hammer (2), the stroke is added for normal impact, and slurry is injected into the hole of the pile during drilling;
the hole is cleaned for the first time, slurry is continuously injected into the pile hole, the drilling hammer (2) repeatedly washes and stirs in a low stroke, and the mud circulation mode is utilized to lead the sediment at the bottom of the hole to be discharged out of the hole along with the slurry;
manufacturing and installing a reinforcement cage, wherein the reinforcement cage is manufactured by a reinforcement processing field in sections, the reinforcement cage is hoisted into a pile hole by a crane, after one section of reinforcement cage is arranged, the reinforcement cage is fixed by a steel pipe or a square timber, another section of reinforcement cage is hoisted by a crane for welding, and all the reinforcement cages are hoisted into the pile hole in sequence;
installing a guide pipe, and hoisting the guide pipe into the pile hole by adopting a crane;
cleaning the hole for the second time, pressing the slurry into the guide pipe by adopting a pump, and replacing the sediments from the bottom of the hole along the outside of the guide pipe;
and (4) pouring concrete, namely pouring the concrete into the pile hole through the guide pipe.
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| CN202011378369.8A CN112482361A (en) | 2020-11-30 | 2020-11-30 | Impact drilling cast-in-place pile construction device and construction method thereof |
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| CN202011378369.8A CN112482361A (en) | 2020-11-30 | 2020-11-30 | Impact drilling cast-in-place pile construction device and construction method thereof |
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