CN112474333B - Air flotation type garbage air separator - Google Patents
Air flotation type garbage air separator Download PDFInfo
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- CN112474333B CN112474333B CN202011425762.8A CN202011425762A CN112474333B CN 112474333 B CN112474333 B CN 112474333B CN 202011425762 A CN202011425762 A CN 202011425762A CN 112474333 B CN112474333 B CN 112474333B
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- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 title claims description 48
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B7/00—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents
- B07B7/01—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents using gravity
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B11/00—Arrangement of accessories in apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B11/00—Arrangement of accessories in apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents
- B07B11/02—Arrangement of air or material conditioning accessories
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B11/00—Arrangement of accessories in apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents
- B07B11/04—Control arrangements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B11/00—Arrangement of accessories in apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents
- B07B11/06—Feeding or discharging arrangements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B11/00—Arrangement of accessories in apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents
- B07B11/08—Cleaning arrangements
Landscapes
- Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an air floating garbage winnowing machine, which comprises an air box for providing a winnowing space, an air floating winnowing unit matched with the air box and used for providing an air floating channel for garbage and winnowing, wherein a feeding hopper of which the horizontal position of the bottom is not lower than that of the air floating winnowing unit is used for feeding, a heavy object discharging unit is arranged at the bottom and the rear part of the corresponding air box, a light object discharging unit is arranged at the side part of the air box matched with the air floating winnowing unit, and the air floating winnowing unit is matched with a controller. The invention overcomes the defects of single air separation and short air-receiving time of the traditional air separator, combines the two-way wind power actions of air floatation and blowing for multiple times, increases the air separation times of materials, greatly prolongs the air-receiving time, greatly reduces the wrapping function, realizes high-efficiency air separation, and is beneficial to further treatment and disposal of air separation products by adjusting the operation parameters of equipment and realizing further refined separation of heavy objects according to operation requirements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of conveying solid materials by using air flow or separating the solid materials by diffusing the solid materials in the air flow, and particularly relates to an air-floating garbage winnowing machine.
Background
With the rapid development of the social economy of China, the generation amount of urban household garbage is increased, statistics shows that the annual output of the domestic garbage of China is about 2.5 hundred million tons, the accumulated stockpiled garbage around the city reaches 70 hundred million tons, the occupied area is about 80 ten thousand mu, and about 2/3 cities in 661 cities are surrounded by the garbage.
At present, the domestic refuse landfill treatment engineering is increased gradually, wherein refuse excavation screening treatment is an important treatment mode.
In the prior art, the separation treatment of domestic garbage is carried out by utilizing a winnowing machine under the condition of mixing light and heavy materials, such as plastics, fabrics, stone bricks and the like, however, the materials of the common winnowing machine can be separated by wind only once, the wind receiving time is short and the materials are easy to be wrapped and pinched, the further improvement of the winnowing quality is limited in principle, the light and heavy materials are seriously mixed with each other, the separation quality is poor, especially when the density difference of the materials is smaller, the common winnowing machine can only separate the materials into light and heavy materials, the refined separation is difficult, and the subsequent treatment and disposal of winnowing products are difficult.
At present, the requirements on screening quality are more strict in China, and how to improve the screening quality, particularly the winnowing quality, becomes a difficult problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the problems that in the prior art, the materials of the air separator can be separated into light and heavy materials only by single air separation, the air-receiving time is short, the material separation quality is poor, and the like, and provides the air-floating garbage air separator with an optimized structure.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that an air floating type garbage winnowing machine comprises:
A bellows for providing a winnowing space;
an air floatation air separation unit which is matched with the air box and is used for providing an air floatation channel for garbage and performing air separation;
the horizontal position of the bottom of the feeding hopper is not lower than the air flotation air separation unit;
a weight discharging unit is arranged at the bottom and the rear part of the corresponding bellows;
a light material discharging unit is arranged on the side part of the bellows matched with the air flotation winnowing unit;
the air flotation winnowing unit is matched with the controller.
Preferably, the air flotation unit comprises an air flotation bed which is obliquely arranged downwards, the rear end of the air flotation bed is arranged on a support, a lifting adjusting mechanism is arranged between the front end of the air flotation bed and the support, one or more air flotation fans are arranged in cooperation with the air flotation bed, and the air flotation fans are arranged in cooperation with a controller.
The air floatation bed comprises an outer frame, wherein a plurality of slide carriages are movably embedded in the outer frame, any slide carriage comprises an upper plate and a lower plate which are overlapped, a limiting piece is arranged between the upper plate and the lower plate, the rear end of the lower plate of the front slide carriage is arranged above the front end of the upper plate of the rear slide carriage, and an air floatation window is formed by the rear end of the lower plate of the front slide carriage, the front end of the upper plate of the rear slide carriage and the outer frame;
The rear end part of the lower plate matched with any slide carriage is upwards arranged.
Preferably, the lower plate rear end part of any slide carriage matched with the air floatation window is provided with a strip-shaped air floatation air port, the strip-shaped air floatation air port is arranged at an angle with the slide carriage corresponding to the front side, and the strip-shaped air floatation air port is in spatial communication with the output end of the air floatation fan.
Preferably, the air flotation winnowing unit further comprises a plurality of blowing windows arranged on the side wall of the bellows, blowing fans are correspondingly arranged on the blowing windows, the blowing fans are connected to the controller, and the air outlet direction of the blowing fans is perpendicular to the axial direction of the bellows.
The light material discharging unit comprises a light material discharging window, wherein the light material discharging window is arranged on the other side wall of the air box opposite to the blowing window, the area of the light material discharging window is larger than that of the blowing window, the light material discharging window is connected to a settling chamber, a belt conveyor for collecting and transporting light materials is arranged at the bottom of the settling chamber, and the belt conveyor is matched with the controller.
Preferably, the upper part of the sedimentation chamber is provided with a plurality of return air windows, and the return air windows are communicated with the air inlet space of the air flotation fan and/or the blowing fan through return air pipes.
Preferably, the heavy object discharging unit comprises a discharging hole matched with the bottom of the rear end of the bellows, and a heavy object receiving hopper is arranged at the bottom of the discharging hole matched with the air flotation winnowing unit.
Preferably, a gas overflow prevention shielding edge is arranged at the feed inlet and/or the discharge outlet of the bellows matched with the feeding hopper.
Preferably, the air flotation winnowing unit is matched with a vibrating mechanism, and the vibrating mechanism is matched with the controller.
The invention provides an air floating type garbage winnowing machine with an optimized structure, wherein an air box is used for providing a winnowing space, an air floating winnowing unit is matched with the air box to provide an air floating channel for garbage for winnowing, feeding is carried out by a feeding hopper with the horizontal position of the bottom not lower than that of the air floating winnowing unit, heavy object discharging units are arranged at the bottom and the rear of the air box, the horizontal position of the top of each heavy object discharging unit is not higher than that of the air floating winnowing unit, and a light object discharging unit is arranged at the side part of the air box matched with the air floating winnowing unit to ensure that the feeding hopper, the air floating winnowing unit, the light object discharging unit and the heavy object discharging unit have a trend from top to bottom.
The beneficial effects of the invention include:
(1) The defect that the traditional winnowing machine has short single winnowing time is overcome, and the material winnowing times are increased by combining the double-direction wind force actions of multiple air floatation and blowing, so that the wind time is greatly prolonged, the clamping action is greatly reduced, and the high-efficiency winnowing is realized;
(2) According to the operation requirement, the operation parameters of the equipment are adjusted to realize further refined separation of the heavy objects, so that the further treatment and disposal of the winnowing products are facilitated;
(3) Simple structure, few moving parts, easy processing and manufacturing and low failure rate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a light-weight discharge unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of a partial air floating bed comprising two stages of slide carriages according to the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of an air-floating bed comprising a three-stage slide carriage according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any insubstantial modification of the present invention by using the concept shall belong to the actions of infringing the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention relates to an air-floating garbage winnowing machine, wherein materials are lifted by high-pressure air of an air-floating fan 1 in the vertical direction in the process of sliding down an air-floating bed, lighter materials are emptied and suspended, the primary separation of light and heavy materials is realized, then the suspended materials are purged by wind power in the horizontal direction, the light and heavy materials are further separated, the light and heavy materials are effectively separated through multiple air-floating and purging, lighter materials enter a settling chamber 4 from an air box 2 through a light material discharging window 3, different heavy materials are discharged from different heavy material collecting hoppers 20, a closed space formed by the air box 2 and the settling chamber 4 plays a role in limiting the movement range of the materials, the materials are collected, the airflow utilization rate is improved, the effect of preventing polluted gas from escaping and the like is realized, the settling chamber 4 and the heavy material collecting hopper 5 play a role in material throwing, and the operation parameters such as width, drop, air-floating strength and the like of a further refined separation of the heavy materials can be realized through additionally arranging the heavy material collecting hoppers under an air-floating window 7.
In the invention, the winnowing machine comprises a bellows 2, an air flotation winnowing unit, a feeding hopper 6 and a heavy object discharging unit.
A bellows 2 for providing a wind separation space;
in the present invention, the bellows 2 is used to provide a whole air separation space, and in general, the bellows is airtight except for a specially provided opening, so that the polluted gas is not overflowed.
The air flotation and air separation unit is matched with the air box 2 and is used for providing an air flotation channel for garbage and performing air separation, and the air flotation and air separation unit is matched with the controller.
The air flotation winnowing unit comprises an air flotation bed 9 which is obliquely downwards arranged, the rear end of the air flotation bed 9 is arranged on a support 8, a lifting adjusting mechanism (not shown in the figure) is arranged between the front end of the air flotation bed 9 and the support 8, one or more air flotation fans 1 are arranged in cooperation with the air flotation bed 9, and the air flotation fans 1 are arranged in cooperation with a controller.
The air floating bed 9 comprises an outer frame 10, wherein a plurality of slide carriages are movably embedded in the outer frame 10, any slide carriage comprises an upper plate 11 and a lower plate 12 which are overlapped, a limiting piece 13 is arranged between the upper plate 11 and the lower plate 12, the rear end of the lower plate 12 of the front slide carriage is arranged above the front end of the upper plate 11 of the rear slide carriage, and an air floating window 7 is formed by the rear end of the lower plate 12 of the front slide carriage, the front end of the upper plate 11 of the rear slide carriage and the outer frame 10;
The rear end of the lower plate 12 matched with any slide carriage is arranged upwards.
The rear end part of the lower plate 12 matched with any slide carriage in the air floatation window 7 is provided with a strip-shaped air floatation air port 14, the strip-shaped air floatation air port 14 is arranged at an angle with the slide carriage corresponding to the front side, and the strip-shaped air floatation air port 14 is communicated with the space of the output end of the air floatation fan 1.
The air flotation winnowing unit further comprises a plurality of blowing windows 15 arranged on the side wall of the bellows 2, blowing fans 16 are correspondingly arranged on the blowing windows 15, the blowing fans 16 are connected to the controller, and the air outlet direction of the blowing fans 16 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the bellows 2.
A light material discharging unit is arranged at the side part of the bellows 2 matched with the air flotation winnowing unit;
the light thing discharging unit comprises a light thing discharging window 3, wherein the light thing discharging window 3 is arranged on the other side wall of the bellows 2 opposite to the purging window 15, the area of the light thing discharging window 3 is larger than that of the purging window 15, the light thing discharging window 3 is connected to the settling chamber 4, a belt conveyor 17 for collecting and transporting light matters is arranged at the bottom of the settling chamber 4, and the belt conveyor 17 is matched with the controller.
The upper part of the settling chamber 4 is provided with a plurality of return air windows 22, and the return air windows 22 are communicated with the air inlet space of the air flotation fan 1 and/or the blowing fan 16 through return air pipes.
The air flotation winnowing unit is provided with a vibrating mechanism in a matching way, and the vibrating mechanism is matched with the controller.
In the invention, the air flotation winnowing unit mainly comprises two gas channels, wherein one gas channel is an air flotation fan 1 under the air flotation bed 9, and is used for carrying out primary separation on heavy objects and non-heavy objects, and the other gas channel is a blowing window 15 and a blowing fan 16, and is used for separating light objects.
In the invention, the rear end of the air-floating bed 9 is arranged on the bracket 8, the lifting adjusting mechanism is arranged between the front end and the bracket 8, the front end of the air-floating bed 9 can be lifted up according to the requirement, the whole air-floating bed 9 and the horizontal surface form a certain angle, the whole air-floating bed is inclined from head to tail, and the falling and separation of materials are assisted, wherein the lifting adjusting mechanism can be a telescopic adjusting screw rod or a jack, the telescopic adjusting screw rod is taken as an example, namely, a screw nut pair is arranged between the front end of the air-floating bed 9 and the bracket 8, the adjustment is carried out by motor output or manual output, the jack is also taken as the same, the person skilled in the art can set the lifting adjusting mechanism by himself according to the requirement, and in the optimal case, the feeding hopper 6, the air-floating bed 9 and the heavy material collecting hopper 20 at the tail end of the air-floating bed 9 are sequentially arranged in an inclined connection from top to bottom, and the inclined angle of the air-floating bed 9 is 25-50 degrees generally.
In the invention, in order to ensure the air floatation effect, the air floatation bed 9 is provided with an outer frame 10 with a frame structure, a plurality of slide carriages are movably embedded in the inner side of the outer frame 10, the adjacent slide carriages and the outer frame 10 can form sliding fit, the adjacent slide carriages and the outer frame 10 form an air floatation window 7, the area of the air floatation window 7 can be regulated based on the actual air separation requirement, and in general, the slide carriages are 3-6 sections.
In actual operation, each section of slide carriage is made of hard smooth materials such as steel plates and is divided into an upper plate 11 and a lower plate 12 which are arranged in an upper layer and a lower layer, the slide carriage is fixed in an outer frame 10 of an air floatation bed 9 through adjusting structures such as sliding grooves and screw rods, the length of each section of slide carriage can be adjusted through adjusting the overlapping length of the upper layer and the lower layer so as to adjust the distance and the width of an air floatation window 7, the adjustment of the slide carriage in the outer frame 10 is easy to understand for a person skilled in the art, the person can select related mechanisms according to the requirements by himself, the mechanism comprises but not limited to screw rod mechanisms, sliding grooves which are simply arranged, and the like, in general, a limiting piece 13 is arranged between the upper plate 11 and the lower plate 12 and used for fixing the relative position between the upper plate 11 and the lower plate 12, and the matching between the structure arranged at the rear end part of the lower plate 12 and a strip-shaped air floatation opening 14 is guaranteed, such as a blocking piece and an elastic piece, the upper plate 11 and the lower plate 12 can be adjustable, the distance and the width of the air floatation window 7 can be adjusted only through adjusting the upper plate 11 and the lower plate 12, and the distance between the steps can be adjusted according to the requirements, and the distance between the steps of each slide carriage and 200mm can be adjusted.
In the invention, in order to prevent heavy objects and non-heavy objects from being carried down in the separation process and prevent materials from entering the air floatation window 7, an upward structure is arranged at the rear end part of the lower plate 12, generally, an upward sliding and tilting plate 18 can be arranged at the rear end part of the slide carriage, the sliding and tilting plate 18 is in an arc shape or a folded angle shape, preferably an arc shape, the tilting plate 18 is upward by 3-12 degrees, the sliding and tilting plate 18 can change the sliding direction of the materials, the garbage to be separated is assisted to slide and lift up by the tilting plate 18, the non-heavy objects move backwards and upward due to the action of the air floatation fan 1 and the emptying inertia and fall on the next slide carriage, the non-heavy objects are prevented from falling into the air floatation window 7, and the materials (mainly heavy objects) are prevented from falling into the air floatation window 7, entering an air pipe and blocking an air flue.
In the invention, the front end of an air floatation window 7, namely the rear end part of a lower plate 12 of a slide carriage is provided with a strip air floatation air port 14, the strip air floatation air port 14 and the slide carriage corresponding to the front side are arranged in an angle, the strip air floatation air port 14 is spatially communicated with the output end of an air floatation fan 1, generally, the length of the strip air floatation air port 14 is the same as the length of the air floatation window 7 in the same direction, the width of the strip air floatation air port 14 is adjustable and smaller than or equal to the width of the air floatation window 7, in principle, the strip air floatation air port 14 is upward tilted by 60-120 degrees with the slide carriage on the upper side, and the elevation angle is adjustable, and the strip air floatation air port 14 can be hinged or directly arranged into a flexible material, and the width of the strip air floatation air port 14 is adjusted to be opened or closed in a certain range, so that the width of the strip air floatation air port 14 is converged or expanded.
In the invention, one or more air-float fans 1 are arranged at the bottom of the air-float bed 9 to output air to the air-float bed 9, and the strip-shaped air-float air-vents 14 can be connected with the air-float fans 1 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, or the plurality of strip-shaped air-float air-vents 14 can be connected with one air-float fan 1.
In the present invention, the air-float window 7 comprises a strip-shaped air-float air-vent 14 and a discharge port 19, wherein the discharge port 19 is arranged corresponding to a weight receiving hopper 20 at the bottom of the air-float unit.
In the invention, a plurality of blowing windows 15 are arranged on the side wall of a bellows 2 and correspond to one or a plurality of blowing fans 16, the air outlet direction of the blowing fans 16 is vertical to the axial direction of the bellows 2, the blowing windows 15 extend downwards from the position of the uppermost air floatation window 7 to the tail end of the bellows 2, the pitching range is adjustable within 20 degrees, the blowing windows correspond to the light-object discharging windows 3 of a discharging unit, the light-object discharging windows 3 are arranged on the other side wall of the bellows 2 opposite to the blowing windows 15 and have an area larger than the total area of the blowing windows 15, after the blowing fans 16 work, light objects leave the bellows 2 through the light-object discharging windows 3 and fall to a settling chamber 4, the settling chamber 4 and the bellows 2 are vertically distributed in a T shape, the cross section is in an inverted trapezoid shape, the inclination angle of the side wall is 60-70 degrees, and the bottom is matched with a light-object collecting belt and is driven by a belt conveyor 17.
In the invention, in order to ensure the sedimentation effect, the lower edge of the light material discharging window 3 can be provided with the isolation roller 21, the direction of the isolation roller 21 is consistent with the direction of the airflow sweeping airflow, the isolation roller is used for assisting the light material to enter the sedimentation chamber 4 and preventing part of the light material from entering the bellows 2 due to the swirling back mixing of wind force, the diameter of the isolation roller 21 is preferably large according to the size of the material and the size of the bellows 2, the winding possibility is reduced, and one side of the isolation roller 21, which faces the sedimentation chamber, is provided with the scraping plate 5, so that the light material is not hung on the scraping plate.
In the invention, a return air window 22 is arranged at the upper part of the settling chamber 4 and is communicated with the air inlet space of the air flotation fan 1 and/or the blowing fan 16 through a return air pipe, so that the air flow of the air separator forms a closed loop, the return air phenomenon in the air box 2 is weakened, the back mixing phenomenon of light materials is lightened, the dissipation of polluted gas is prevented, the odor pollution is reduced, a filter screen can be arranged at the return air window 22, and light materials are prevented from entering a pipeline and then entering the fan.
In the invention, a vibrating mechanism, such as a flat vibrator, is arranged in cooperation with an air flotation winnowing unit, specifically a slide carriage, for uniform material distribution and adhesion prevention.
In the invention, when the particle size of the material is smaller and the sorting quality requirement is not high, the length and width of the air floating bed 9 can be properly selected to be smaller, such as 800mm wide and 1500mm long, the drop and width of the air floating window 7 and the height of the purging window 15 are correspondingly reduced, otherwise, the length and width of the air floating bed 9 should be expanded as much as possible, and correspondingly, the drop and width of the air box 2, the air floating window 7 and the height of the purging window 15 should be expanded.
In the invention, the air-float fan 1 and the blowing fan 16 can be of different types with different wind pressures and wind volumes, and the fans are controlled by frequency conversion.
The horizontal position of the bottom of the feeding hopper 6 is not lower than the air flotation air separation unit;
Weight discharging units are arranged at the bottom and the rear part of the corresponding bellows 2;
The heavy object discharging unit comprises a discharging hole 19 matched with the bottom of the rear end of the bellows 2, and a heavy object receiving hopper 20 matched with the discharging hole 19 and the bottom of the air flotation winnowing unit.
The gas overflow-preventing edge is arranged at the feed inlet and/or the discharge outlet 19 of the bellows 2 matched with the feed hopper 6.
In the invention, the height of the feeding hopper 6 is as large as possible, and the material is endowed with larger falling kinetic energy, so that the material is favorable for sliding down and even distribution, the thickness of the material layer is reduced, and the subsequent winnowing is favorable.
In the invention, the gas overflow-preventing shielding edges, such as flexible sealing skirt edges, are arranged at the feed opening and/or the discharge opening 19 of the bellows 2 matched with the feed hopper 6, so that the gas of the bellows 2 is prevented from escaping from the opening.
In the present invention, in principle, the horizontal position of the top of each weight receiving hopper 20 of the weight discharging unit is not higher than the corresponding position of the air-flotation air-separation unit.
In the invention, the controller controls the operation of the whole machine to be what can be known by the person skilled in the art through the description, and the person skilled in the art can set the whole machine according to the requirement.
Claims (9)
1. The air-floating garbage winnowing machine is characterized by comprising:
A bellows for providing a winnowing space;
The air flotation unit is arranged in cooperation with an air box and is used for providing an air flotation channel for garbage and carrying out air flotation, and comprises an air flotation bed which is obliquely downwards arranged, wherein the air flotation bed comprises an outer frame, a plurality of slide carriages are movably embedded in the outer frame, any slide carriage comprises an upper plate and a lower plate which are overlapped, a limiting piece is arranged between the upper plate and the lower plate, the rear end of the lower plate of the front slide carriage is arranged above the front end of the upper plate of the rear slide carriage, the rear end of the lower plate of the front slide carriage, the front end of the upper plate of the rear slide carriage and the outer frame form an air flotation window, and the air flotation unit also comprises a plurality of blowing windows which are arranged on the side wall of the air box in an upwards manner in cooperation with the rear end of the lower plate of any slide carriage;
the horizontal position of the bottom of the feeding hopper is not lower than the air flotation air separation unit;
a weight discharging unit is arranged at the bottom and the rear part of the corresponding bellows;
The side part of the bellows matched with the air flotation winnowing unit is provided with a light material discharging unit, wherein the light material discharging unit comprises a light material discharging window, and the light material discharging window is arranged on the other side wall of the bellows opposite to the blowing window;
the air flotation winnowing unit is matched with the controller.
2. The air-floating garbage winnowing machine according to claim 1, wherein the rear end of the air-floating bed is arranged on a support, a lifting adjusting mechanism is arranged between the front end of the air-floating bed and the support, one or more air-floating fans are arranged in cooperation with the air-floating bed, and the air-floating fans are arranged in cooperation with a controller.
3. The air-floating garbage winnowing machine according to claim 1, wherein the rear end part of the lower plate matched with any slide carriage in the air-floating window is provided with a strip-shaped air-floating air port, the strip-shaped air-floating air port is arranged at an angle with the slide carriage corresponding to the front side, and the strip-shaped air-floating air port is in spatial communication with the output end of the air-floating fan.
4. The air-floating garbage winnowing machine of claim 1, wherein the blowing window is correspondingly provided with a blowing fan, the blowing fan is connected to a controller, and the air outlet direction of the blowing fan is vertical to the axial direction of the bellows.
5. The air floating garbage winnowing machine according to claim 1, wherein the area of the light-weight object discharging window is larger than that of the sweeping window, the light-weight object discharging window is connected to a settling chamber, a belt conveyor for collecting and transporting light-weight objects is arranged at the bottom of the settling chamber, and the belt conveyor is matched with a controller.
6. The air-floating garbage winnowing machine according to claim 5, wherein the upper part of the sedimentation chamber is provided with a plurality of return air windows, and the return air windows are communicated with the air inlet space of the air-floating fan and/or the blowing fan through return air pipes.
7. The air-floating garbage winnowing machine of claim 1, wherein the heavy object discharging unit comprises a discharging hole matched with the bottom of the rear end of the bellows, and a heavy object receiving hopper is arranged at the bottom of the discharging hole matched with the air-floating winnowing unit.
8. The air-floating garbage winnowing machine of claim 7, wherein an air overflow preventing edge is arranged at a material inlet and/or a material outlet of the bellows matched with the material inlet hopper.
9. The air-floating garbage winnowing machine according to claim 1, wherein the air-floating winnowing unit is provided with a vibrating mechanism, and the vibrating mechanism is matched with the controller.
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| CN202011425762.8A CN112474333B (en) | 2020-12-08 | 2020-12-08 | Air flotation type garbage air separator |
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| CN202011425762.8A CN112474333B (en) | 2020-12-08 | 2020-12-08 | Air flotation type garbage air separator |
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| CN112474333A CN112474333A (en) | 2021-03-12 |
| CN112474333B true CN112474333B (en) | 2025-04-29 |
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| CN118831824B (en) * | 2024-09-23 | 2024-12-20 | 四川农业大学 | Fertilizer screening device and screening method |
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| JPH0743011A (en) * | 1993-07-30 | 1995-02-10 | Kyoritsu Eatetsuku Kk | Pressure adjustment damper |
| CN108043725A (en) * | 2018-02-18 | 2018-05-18 | 鞍山重型矿山机器股份有限公司 | Construction refuse regenerated aggregate vibration winnowing equipment |
| CN109759328A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-05-17 | 蔚伟 | A kind of cash coal bolter, cash coal sorting portion and coal purify de- cash machine |
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| KR100253621B1 (en) * | 1997-10-30 | 2000-04-15 | 류정열 | Apparatus for separating a crushed polymer mixture to classify each material using air buoyancy |
| CN101758022A (en) * | 2009-12-25 | 2010-06-30 | 佛山市沃德森板业有限公司 | Jet airflow separator |
| CN105080837A (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2015-11-25 | 宁波大发化纤有限公司 | Separation device for label paper and polyester bottle chips |
| CN106975607A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-07-25 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | A kind of device for separation of waste |
| CN107670984A (en) * | 2017-11-11 | 2018-02-09 | 江苏天禹农业机械有限公司 | The iterative cycles impurity removed system of foodstuff drying device |
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| JPH0743011A (en) * | 1993-07-30 | 1995-02-10 | Kyoritsu Eatetsuku Kk | Pressure adjustment damper |
| CN108043725A (en) * | 2018-02-18 | 2018-05-18 | 鞍山重型矿山机器股份有限公司 | Construction refuse regenerated aggregate vibration winnowing equipment |
| CN109759328A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-05-17 | 蔚伟 | A kind of cash coal bolter, cash coal sorting portion and coal purify de- cash machine |
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| CN112474333A (en) | 2021-03-12 |
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