CN112459346A - Semi-prefabricated formwork-free heat-preservation concrete wall structure and construction process - Google Patents
Semi-prefabricated formwork-free heat-preservation concrete wall structure and construction process Download PDFInfo
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- CN112459346A CN112459346A CN202011470324.3A CN202011470324A CN112459346A CN 112459346 A CN112459346 A CN 112459346A CN 202011470324 A CN202011470324 A CN 202011470324A CN 112459346 A CN112459346 A CN 112459346A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
- E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
- E04C2/288—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and concrete, stone or stone-like material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/14—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by simple casting, the material being neither forcibly fed nor positively compacted
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
- B28B11/245—Curing concrete articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
- B28B23/02—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
- E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
- E04B2/8611—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with spacers being embedded in at least one form leaf
- E04B2/8617—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with spacers being embedded in at least one form leaf with spacers being embedded in both form leaves
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
- E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
- E04B2/8647—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with ties going through the forms
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
- E04G17/06—Tying means; Spacers ; Devices for extracting or inserting wall ties
- E04G17/065—Tying means, the tensional elements of which are threaded to enable their fastening or tensioning
- E04G17/0655—Tying means, the tensional elements of which are threaded to enable their fastening or tensioning the element consisting of several parts
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/90—Passive houses; Double facade technology
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- Architecture (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明属于装配式建筑工程外保温技术领域，特别涉及一种半预制免支模混凝土保温墙体结构及施工工艺。保温墙体结构包括半预制叠合墙体、保温一体板及对拉组件，其中半预制叠合墙体和保温一体板平行设置，并且通过多组对拉组件连接为一体，半预制叠合墙体和保温一体板之间形成现浇空腔；半预制叠合墙体内嵌设有多个钢筋支架，保温一体板上布设有多个保温钉，钢筋支架和保温钉均外露于现浇空腔内。本发明的半预制叠合墙体解决了钢筋上下贯通连接问题，使建筑更安全可靠；内外双向免支模板，大大降低工程造价，同时实现简便、快捷施工。
The invention belongs to the technical field of external thermal insulation of prefabricated construction projects, in particular to a semi-prefabricated formwork-free concrete thermal insulation wall structure and a construction process. The thermal insulation wall structure includes a semi-prefabricated laminated wall, an integrated thermal insulation board and a pair of pull components, wherein the semi-prefabricated laminated wall and the integrated thermal insulation board are arranged in parallel, and are connected as a whole through a plurality of pairs of pull components. The semi-prefabricated laminated wall A cast-in-place cavity is formed between the body and the thermal insulation integrated board; a plurality of steel support brackets are embedded in the semi-prefabricated laminated wall, and a plurality of thermal insulation nails are arranged on the thermal insulation integrated board. intracavity. The semi-prefabricated superimposed wall of the invention solves the problem of the upper and lower through connection of steel bars, making the building safer and more reliable; the inner and outer two-way support free formwork greatly reduces the engineering cost, and simultaneously realizes simple and fast construction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of external heat insulation of assembly type building engineering, and particularly relates to a semi-prefabricated formwork-free concrete heat insulation wall structure and a construction process.
Background
The problem of external wall heat insulation is always a big problem which puzzles the development of the building industry, the traditional external wall heat insulation is a post-anchoring pasting method, namely, an external wall structure is firstly made, then a heat insulation layer is fixed by rivets, and then plastering covering is carried out outside the heat insulation layer, which is commonly called as a thin plastering pasting method. The method not only has poor heat preservation and energy saving effects, but also has the defects of difficult quality control, easy falling off and other engineering accidents.
At present, sandwich outer wall begins a large amount of applications in current heat preservation wall, and its effect is greatly improved than traditional mode, but also discovers a great deal of problem gradually: the sandwich outer wall has the structural form that: the wall body is prefabricated, and the formwork is not required to be erected on site. The wall body from inside to outside is respectively: the inner leaf wall is a stressed concrete wall, namely a shear wall, and is generally provided with a double-layer stressed reinforcing mesh, wherein the thickness of the wall is not less than 200 mm; the heat-insulating layer is generally made of flexible heat-insulating materials, and the material and the thickness are determined by thermal calculation; the outer leaf wall is a thin concrete slab, is provided with a single-layer reinforcing mesh, has the thickness of about 50mm generally, does not participate in structural stress of a building, and only plays a role in protecting an insulating layer. The inner leaf wall and the outer leaf wall clamp the heat-insulating layer by a special heat-insulating connecting piece. The connector has extremely high requirements, not only can ensure that the outer leaf wall does not fall off, but also can not adopt metal connectors such as reinforcing steel bars and the like which are easy to cause cold and hot bridge phenomena.
The sandwich exterior wall has the following disadvantages: the structure is complicated, and interior leaf wall is the structure atress, and the outer leaf wall must not participate in the structure atress, promptly: the inner and outer leaf walls must not form a 'composite structure' and must not be connected by strong members such as steel bars and the like. The outer leaf wall has the main function of protecting the heat-insulating layer, and meanwhile, the outer leaf wall must independently deform (mainly influenced by wind power and temperature change) and cannot be linked with the inner leaf wall. Because the heat-insulating layer is clamped between the two leaf wallboards, a gap can be formed when the connection is loose, the heat-insulating effect is influenced, and meanwhile, the outer leaf wallboards are unstable; the connection is too tight, a 'combined structure' is formed, and the surface of the outer wall can crack. In addition, the inner leaf wall is a stressed member and is a solid wall prefabricated in a factory, and the upper wall body and the lower wall body can be connected only by adopting a sleeve grouting connection process (because reinforcing steel bars in the wall body are disconnected, otherwise, the prefabrication process cannot be adopted) during construction and installation. And the grouting process has serious uncertainty, so that quality accidents are easily caused. Secondly, the heat insulation board is made of flexible materials, the process is determined, the manufacturing process is difficult to tread and extrude, and the heat insulation board is easy to deform; meanwhile, the wall body maintenance process can also cause layering and warping phenomena. Secondly, the solid wall is too heavy and needs large-tonnage mechanical equipment to finish the construction. Meanwhile, the up-down alignment is difficult (the reinforcing steel bar head extending out of the top of the lower wall body is required to be aligned with the reserved sleeve at the bottom of the upper wall body), the construction efficiency is low, and the quality is difficult to ensure.
The other type is a mold-disassembly-free heat-insulation outer wall: the structure form is a full cast-in-place concrete wall body, an external mold is free from supporting, and a template is replaced by a heat-insulation integrated plate. The wall body from inside to outside is respectively: shear wall, reinforcing bar stress structure, traditional cast-in-place technology; the heat-insulating layer is arranged according to the standard requirement; the surface layer of the heat insulation plate covers the heat insulation layer and plays a role in increasing strength. The heat-insulating layer and the surface layer are integrated when being manufactured in a factory, namely a heat-insulating integrated plate is formed, and the heat-insulating integrated plate is also used as a non-dismantling template of an outer wall; an outer cover surface: generally plastering and spraying.
The mold-dismantling-free heat-insulation outer wall has the following defects: the internal mold still adopts traditional wooden template, steel template or aluminum alloy template. The wall body reinforcing steel bars are all bound on site, and the basic requirements of the fabricated building cannot be met. The alignment operation is difficult: the split bolts of the inner die have a plurality of hole positions, and are difficult to align with the outer insulation board. The heat preservation is fragile, and difficult discovery: the direct trompil of heat preservation, no protection device, during the counterpoint, the screw rod is disclosed in disorder, very easily harms soft heated board. Because of the 'blind hole alignment', the breakage is not easy to be found. The problem of wall body accuracy control exists, and the heat preservation is soft body, does not have stop device, when the bolt is to drawing, easy compression deformation. In particular, the appearance is uneven. In addition, the cold bridge problem exists, mainly when concrete is poured, the inner layer of the heat-insulating layer is perforated without any protective measures, particularly when the concrete is vibrated, cement paste can be poured backwards to form the cold bridge, the heat-insulating effect is seriously influenced, and the appearance is difficult to find.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide a semi-prefabricated formwork-free concrete heat-insulating wall structure and a construction process, so as to overcome the defects of the structural form and the production process of the existing heat-insulating wall.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a semi-prefabricated formwork-free heat-insulating concrete wall structure comprises a semi-prefabricated superposed wall body, heat-insulating integrated plates and split assemblies, wherein the semi-prefabricated superposed wall body and the heat-insulating integrated plates are arranged in parallel and are connected into a whole through a plurality of groups of split assemblies, and a cast-in-situ cavity is formed between the semi-prefabricated superposed wall body and the heat-insulating integrated plates; a plurality of steel bar supports are embedded in the semi-prefabricated superposed wall, a plurality of heat preservation nails are arranged on the heat preservation integrated plate, and the steel bar supports and the heat preservation nails are exposed in the cast-in-place cavity.
The split component comprises an inner back edge, a wall thickness limiting sleeve, a split screw, a split nut and an outer back edge, wherein the inner back edge and the outer back edge are respectively arranged on the semi-prefabricated overlapped wall body and the outer side of the heat-insulating integrated plate, the wall thickness limiting sleeve is arranged on the semi-prefabricated overlapped wall body and between the heat-insulating integrated plates, the split screw is used for serially connecting the inner back edge, the semi-prefabricated overlapped wall body, the wall thickness limiting sleeve, the heat-insulating integrated plate and the outer back edge into a whole, and the end part is locked through the split nut.
The split component further comprises a prefabricated wallboard limiting pipe and a heat preservation limiting ring, the prefabricated wallboard limiting pipe is embedded in the semi-prefabricated superposed wall body, the heat preservation limiting ring is embedded in the heat preservation integrated plate, two ends of the wall thickness limiting sleeve are respectively abutted to the prefabricated wallboard limiting pipe and the heat preservation limiting ring, and the split screw penetrates through the prefabricated wallboard limiting pipe and the heat preservation limiting ring.
The heat-insulation layer limiting ring comprises a ring body and a wing disc arranged at the end part of the ring body, wherein the ring body is embedded in the heat-insulation integrated plate, and the wing disc is attached to the inner side wall of the heat-insulation integrated plate and is abutted against one end of the wall thickness limiting sleeve; a plurality of repairing holes are distributed on the ring body.
Interior back of the body stupefied with outer stupefied structure of back of the body is the same, all includes the stupefied body of the back of the body, the stupefied body of the back of the body is for having the notched elongated structure, the back of the stupefied body of the back of the body is equipped with a plurality of stupefied connecting holes of the back of the body, the stupefied connecting hole of the back of the body be used for with the counter-pull screw rod is connected.
The mounting directions of the inner back edge and the outer back edge are the same;
the back of the inner back edge is attached to the outer surface of the semi-prefabricated superposed wall body, and the head of the counter-pulling screw rod is accommodated in the groove of the inner back edge;
the groove opening surface of the outer back edge is attached to the outer surface of the heat-insulation integrated plate, and the split nut is fixed on the outer side of the back of the outer back edge.
The split component also comprises an outer back ridge cushion block, and the outer back ridge cushion block is accommodated in the groove of the outer back ridge and is connected with the split screw.
The reinforcing steel bar support is of a Z-shaped structure and comprises a fixed end, a supporting limiting rod and a binding end, wherein the fixed end is embedded in the semi-prefabricated superposed wall body, and the binding end is positioned in the cast-in-place cavity and is connected with the fixed end through the supporting limiting rod.
The construction process of the semi-prefabricated formwork-free heat-insulating concrete wall structure comprises the following steps:
1) manufacturing a prefabricated superposed wallboard;
supporting the die on the die table;
pre-burying a prefabricated wallboard limiting pipe, laying a stressed steel bar net and binding a steel bar support;
pouring concrete;
maintaining;
2) manufacturing a heat-preservation integrated plate;
cutting a plate;
forming holes: the preformed holes on the heat-insulation integrated plate and the limit pipes of the pre-embedded prefabricated wall plate on the prefabricated superposed wall plate are ensured to be in one-to-one correspondence;
a heat-insulating layer limiting ring is inserted into the preformed hole;
arranging heat preservation nails on the heat preservation integrated plate, wherein the heat preservation nails penetrate through the heat preservation integrated plate and are exposed out of the heat preservation integrated plate;
3) field installation;
manufacturing a prefabricated superposed wallboard and hoisting the prefabricated superposed wallboard in place;
laying a cavity reinforcing mesh and embedding butt-jointed reinforcing steel bars at the binding end of the reinforcing steel bar support;
connecting and manufacturing a prefabricated laminated wallboard and a heat-insulating integrated board through a counter-pulling assembly;
pouring concrete in the cast-in-place cavity;
maintaining and forming;
dismantling the counter-pulling assembly;
the concrete wall body plugging hole and the heat insulation layer plugging hole.
In the field installation process in the step 3), two layers of back ridges can be installed on the outer side of the heat-insulation integrated plate, the two layers of back ridges are connected with the outer back ridge in a back-to-back mode, and an anti-expansion cushion block is fixed between the two layers of back ridges and the heat-insulation integrated plate.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
the semi-prefabricated superposed wall body solves the problem of up-down through connection of the reinforcing steel bars, so that the building is safer and more reliable; the template is exempted from to prop up inside and outside two-way, greatly reduced engineering cost realizes simple and convenient, swift construction simultaneously.
The invention has less equipment investment and quick effect; the insulation board is installed on site without dead angle in the whole process, and the insulation effect is fully ensured;
the invention has simple process and greatly improved work efficiency; meanwhile, the problem of integral precision of the wall is solved, so that the integral building can better meet the requirement of beauty;
the invention solves the problems of easy cracking, mold expansion and the like of wall pouring; the heat preservation and the structure integration are realized, the energy is saved, the environment is protected, the falling is avoided, and the whole construction cost is greatly reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a semi-prefabricated formwork-free concrete thermal insulation wall structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a semi-prefabricated laminated wall according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a reinforcing bar support according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the construction of the heat-insulating integrated plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a spacing ring of the insulating layer according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a back edge of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a right side view of FIG. 6;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of the field installation of the present invention.
In the figure: the composite wall comprises an inner back edge 1, a back edge body 101, a back edge connecting hole 102, a wall thickness limiting sleeve 2, a heat-insulating layer limiting ring 3, a ring body 301, a middle hole 302, a wing disc 303, a repairing hole 304, an outer back edge cushion block 4, a split screw rod 5, a split nut 6, a semi-prefabricated superposed wall body 7, a heat-insulating integrated plate 8, a heat-insulating layer 801, a heat-insulating layer outer lining plate 802, a heat-insulating layer inner lining plate 803, a preformed hole 804, a steel bar support 9, a fixed end 901, a supporting limiting rod 902, a binding end 903, a heat-insulating nail 10, an outer back edge 11, a prefabricated wall plate limiting pipe 12, a cast-in-place cavity 13 and a two-layer back edge 14.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the semi-prefabricated formwork-free heat-insulating concrete wall structure provided by the invention comprises a semi-prefabricated superposed wall 7, a heat-insulating integrated plate 8 and split assemblies, wherein the semi-prefabricated superposed wall 7 and the heat-insulating integrated plate 8 are arranged in parallel and are connected into a whole through a plurality of groups of split assemblies, and a cast-in-situ cavity 13 is formed between the semi-prefabricated superposed wall 7 and the heat-insulating integrated plate 8; a plurality of steel bar supports 9 are embedded in the semi-prefabricated superposed wall 7, a plurality of heat preservation nails 10 are arranged on the heat preservation integrated plate 8, and the steel bar supports 9 and the heat preservation nails 10 are exposed in the cast-in-place cavity 13.
As shown in fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present invention, the counter-pulling assembly includes an inner back ridge 1, a wall thickness limiting sleeve 2, a counter-pulling screw 5, a counter-pulling nut 6 and an outer back ridge 11, wherein the inner back ridge 1 and the outer back ridge 11 are respectively disposed at the outer sides of a semi-prefabricated overlapped wall 7 and a heat-insulating integrated plate 8, the wall thickness limiting sleeve 2 is disposed between the semi-prefabricated overlapped wall 7 and the heat-insulating integrated plate 8, the inner back ridge 1, the semi-prefabricated overlapped wall 7, the wall thickness limiting sleeve 2, the heat-insulating integrated plate 8 and the outer back ridge 11 are sequentially connected in series by the counter-pulling screw 5 into a whole, and the end portions are locked by the counter-pulling nut 6.
As shown in fig. 1-2, on the basis of the above embodiment, the counter-pulling assembly further includes a prefabricated wall panel limiting pipe 12 and a heat preservation limiting ring 3, the prefabricated wall panel limiting pipe 12 is embedded in the semi-prefabricated superposed wall body 7, the heat preservation limiting ring 3 is embedded in the heat preservation integrated plate 8, two ends of the wall thickness limiting sleeve 2 are respectively abutted to the prefabricated wall panel limiting pipe 12 and the heat preservation limiting ring 3, and the counter-pulling screw 5 sequentially penetrates through the prefabricated wall panel limiting pipe 12, the wall thickness limiting sleeve 2 and the heat preservation limiting ring 3.
As shown in fig. 3, in the embodiment of the present invention, the steel bar support 9 is a Z-shaped structure, and includes a fixing end 901, a supporting limiting rod 902, and a binding end 903, wherein the fixing end 901 is pre-embedded in the semi-prefabricated laminated wall 7, and the binding end 903 is located in the cast-in-place cavity 13 and connected to the fixing end 901 through the supporting limiting rod 902. Specifically, the steel bar support 9 is an integrated structure, and the fixed end 901 is parallel to the binding end 903.
The specification and the arrangement interval of the reinforcing steel bar support 9 are implemented according to the design requirement, and the main function of the reinforcing steel bar support is to form a fixed platform of another reinforcing steel bar mesh (cast-in-situ cavity reinforcing steel bar mesh) of the concrete wall body. Specifically, the fixed end 901 is bound or welded and fixed on a steel mesh sheet in the semi-prefabricated superposed wall 7; the support stop rod 902 calculates the length according to the wall thickness and the specification of the stressed steel bar. Another piece of stressed reinforcing mesh of the concrete wall is bound on the binding end 903
The semi-prefabricated laminated wall 7 is an integral stressed member. The inside of the semi-prefabricated laminated wall body 7 is provided with stressed steel bars according to the design requirements so as to meet the overall mechanical performance after on-site lamination. The semi-prefabricated superposed wall 7 is a part of a stressed wall and is also a template, namely, when concrete is cast in situ, a template does not need to be erected. The inner surface of the semi-prefabricated superimposed wall 7 is rough so as to be better combined with cast-in-place concrete, and the rough surface is generally not less than 80% of the whole area and the roughness is not less than 4.0 mm.
As shown in fig. 4, in the embodiment of the present invention, the heat insulating integrated plate 8 includes a heat insulating layer 801, and a heat insulating layer outer lining plate 802 and a heat insulating layer inner lining plate 803 which are located at both sides of the heat insulating layer 801, wherein the material, specification, and thickness of the heat insulating layer 801 are manufactured by a factory according to design requirements. The outer lining plate 802 of the heat-insulating layer is flatly stuck on the outer side of the heat-insulating layer 801, and has certain strength and rigidity. The insulating layer lining plate 803 is adhered to the inner side of the insulating layer 801, and some insulating materials do not need lining plates. Preformed holes 804 are formed in the heat insulation integrated plate 8, vacant positions of the preformed holes 804 correspond to the prefabricated wall plate limiting pipes 12 in the semi-prefabricated superposed wall body 7 one by one, and heat insulation layer limiting rings 3 are inserted into the preformed holes 804.
As shown in fig. 5, in the embodiment of the present invention, the insulating layer limiting ring 3 includes a ring body 301 and a wing disc 303 disposed at an end of the ring body 301, wherein the ring body 301 is embedded in a preformed hole 804 of the insulating integrated plate 8, and the wing disc 303 is attached to an inner side wall of the insulating integrated plate 8 and abuts against one end of the wall thickness limiting sleeve 2; a plurality of repair holes 304 are distributed on the ring body 301.
Because the heat preservation layer 801 of the heat preservation integrated plate 8 is made of soft materials, the extrusion is easy to deform, the heat preservation effect is influenced, and the appearance image is damaged. Therefore, the heat-insulating layer limiting ring 3 is made of pressure-resistant materials such as PVC and the like. The heat conductivity coefficient of the insulating layer 801 is close to that of the insulating layer so as to avoid the cold bridge phenomenon. The heat-insulating layer limiting ring 3 is permanently poured in the wall body. Specifically, the ring body 301 is made of a material with high compressive strength, so that the deformation of the resistance pressure is avoided. The middle hole 302 in the ring body 301 is a split bolt access passage, the wing disc 303 is tightly propped against the wall thickness limiting sleeve 2, the opening of the heat-insulating layer is protected, and simultaneously, the grout body is not poured when concrete is poured. The function of the repair hole 304 is: when the heat-insulating layer forms a hole for the pull hole, the periphery of the hole can be damaged, and the heat-insulating effect of the wall body can be reduced without filling and repairing. When the holes of the heat-insulating layer are blocked, the on-site foaming material is generally adopted, and the gap filling outside the pipe body can be fully ensured through the repairing holes 304.
The insulation nail 10 is a standard component of an insulation system and is a stressed component for anchoring an insulation layer. The head of the insulation nail 10 must not only penetrate the insulation layer, but also be anchored in the concrete wall panel. The anchoring depth is implemented according to the design requirement. The material of the heat-insulating nail is required to be strictly selected according to the corresponding standard requirement, and the cold bridge phenomenon cannot be generated.
Specifically, the wall thickness limiting sleeve 2 is made of high-strength materials, such as steel, plastics, concrete and the like. When the split bolts are locked, the supporting effect is achieved, the accuracy of the cast-in-place cavity is limited, the total thickness of the whole wall body is guaranteed, and construction molding is completely carried out according to design requirements. The wall thickness limiting sleeve 2 forms an accurate supporting pipe structure by means of the tensile force of the split bolt 5, and the pipe body is permanently poured in the concrete wall.
As shown in fig. 6 to 7, in the embodiment of the present invention, the inner back edge 1 and the outer back edge 11 have the same structure, and both include a back edge body 101, the back edge body 101 is a strip-shaped structure with a groove, the back of the back edge body 101 is provided with a plurality of back edge connection holes 102, and the back edge connection holes 102 are used for being connected with the counter-pulling screws 5.
Specifically, the back arris body 101 is made of a high-strength material, such as steel, aluminum alloy, high-strength plastic, and the like. The back arris connecting hole 102 is a strip-shaped hole and is arranged along the length direction of the back arris body 101, so that any position can be conveniently aligned and mutually locked.
As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the installation directions of the inner back edge 1 and the outer back edge 11 are the same; the back of the inner back edge 1 is attached to the outer surface of the semi-prefabricated superposed wall 7, and the head of the opposite-pulling screw 5 is accommodated in the groove of the inner back edge 1; the notch surface of the outer back edge 11 is attached to the outer surface of the heat-insulating integrated plate 8 so as to avoid the hole cushion block, and particularly, the connection of the two layers of back edges 14 is facilitated, as shown in fig. 8. The split nut 6 fixes the outer back edge 11 at the outer side of the back of the outer back edge 11.
As shown in fig. 1, on the basis of the above embodiment, the counter-pulling assembly further includes an outer back ridge cushion block 4, and the outer back ridge cushion block 4 is accommodated in the groove of the outer back ridge 11 and connected with the counter-pulling screw 5.
Specifically, the outer back ridge cushion block 4 is a pressure-resistant block body having a central hole. One end of the outer back ridge cushion block 4 tightly props up the heat-insulation layer limiting ring 3, and the other end tightly props up the inner side of the outer back ridge 11, so that each layer of the wall body is accurate and stable when the split bolts are screwed down.
A construction process of a semi-prefabricated formwork-free heat preservation concrete wall structure in any one of the above embodiments, the construction process comprising the following steps:
1) manufacturing a prefabricated superposed wallboard 7;
supporting the die on the die table;
pre-burying a prefabricated wallboard limiting pipe 12, laying a stressed steel bar net and binding a steel bar support 9;
pouring concrete;
maintaining;
2) manufacturing a heat preservation integrated plate 8;
cutting a plate;
forming holes: the preformed holes 804 on the heat insulation integrated plate 8 are ensured to be in one-to-one correspondence with the pre-embedded prefabricated wall plate limiting pipes 12 on the prefabricated superposed wall plate 7;
a heat-insulating layer limiting ring 3 is inserted in the preformed hole 804;
arranging heat preservation nails 10 on the heat preservation integrated plate 8, wherein the heat preservation nails 10 penetrate through the heat preservation integrated plate 8 and are exposed out of the heat preservation integrated plate 8;
3) field installation;
manufacturing a prefabricated superposed wall plate 7, hoisting the prefabricated superposed wall plate in place, installing a temporary fixing support rod, and adjusting the perpendicularity of the wall body;
laying a cavity reinforcing mesh and embedding butt-jointed reinforcing steel bars at the binding end 903 of the reinforcing steel bar support 9; specifically, the shear wall is formed according to the requirements of design drawings, wherein each shear wall is provided with two steel bar meshes, one of the two steel bar meshes is pre-embedded in the prefabricated superposed wall panel 7, and the other steel bar mesh is bound on the binding end 903, so that the cavity is superposed with the prefabricated superposed wall panel 7 after concrete is cast in place, and a complete shear wall is formed; an embedded line pipe penetrates through the cast-in-place cavity 13, one end of the cast-in-place cavity is connected with an embedded line box in the prefabricated laminated wallboard 7, and the other end of the cast-in-place cavity is processed according to design requirements; butt-joint reinforcing steel bars can be embedded at the upper end and the lower end of the cavity according to design requirements, can be conveniently arranged in the cavity, and can further ensure the quality of the up-and-down connection of the wall body;
the prefabricated laminated wall plate 7 and the heat-insulating integrated plate 8 are manufactured through connection of split components;
pouring concrete in the cast-in-place cavity 13;
maintaining and forming;
dismantling the counter-pulling assembly;
concrete wall body stifled hole and heat preservation stifled hole adopt the foaming glue mode to permeate through repair hole 304 on the heat preservation spacing ring 3, fill up the heat preservation space that probably appears in the heat preservation spacing ring 3 outside together.
As shown in fig. 8, in the field installation process in step 3), a two-layer back ridge 14 may be installed on the outer side of the heat-insulating integrated plate 8, the two-layer back ridge 14 and the outer back ridge 11 are connected in a back-to-back manner, and an anti-expansion cushion block 15 is additionally arranged between the two-layer back ridge 14 and the heat-insulating integrated plate 8.
Specifically, the arrangement of the two-layer back edges 14 is required when the strength of the space between the first-layer back edges is not enough to resist the pressure of the concrete pouring expansion die. The second layer back edge 14 is generally perpendicular to the first layer back edge when in use and is locked with the first layer back edge. Specifically, the anti-expansion cushion block 15 is pressed while being locked by a T-shaped bolt.
The semi-prefabricated superposed wall body solves the problem of up-down through connection of the reinforcing steel bars, so that the building is safer and more reliable; the template is exempted from to prop up inside and outside two-way, greatly reduced engineering cost realizes simple and convenient, swift construction simultaneously.
The invention solves the problems of easy cracking, mold expansion and the like of wall pouring; the heat preservation and the structure integration are realized, the energy is saved, the environment is protected, the falling is avoided, and the whole construction cost is greatly reduced.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, extension, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
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| CN117403807A (en) * | 2023-10-27 | 2024-01-16 | 海南大学 | Light, easily prefabricated and convenient coincide wall of site operation |
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