CN112454145A

CN112454145A - Half formula bent axle finish polishing device

Info

Publication number: CN112454145A
Application number: CN202011355665.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵飞; 杨真理; 周铮
Original assignee: Zhenjiang College
Current assignee: Zhenjiang College
Priority date: 2020-11-27
Filing date: 2020-11-27
Publication date: 2021-03-09

Abstract

The invention discloses a fine polishing device for a half type crankshaft. The polishing device comprises a lathe workbench, an operation support frame and a main support frame, wherein the operation support frame and the main support frame are positioned on the side part above the lathe workbench, a crankshaft to be polished is arranged above the lathe workbench, each main support frame is provided with a through hole, the operating support frame is provided with an operating mechanism, a stop block can be arranged on the support rod, a journal of the crankshaft to be polished is provided with a half-type crankshaft finish polishing tile, the half-type crankshaft finish polishing tile is provided with an elastic closed end and a polishing rod at the elastic closed end, and the polishing rod is arranged in a mounting groove of the stop block. The advantages are that: the crankshaft journal polishing device has the advantages that the crankshaft journal polishing device can directly utilize a lathe to perform finish polishing treatment on a crankshaft journal, so that the operation is very convenient, the requirement on journal width polishing is directly met, the polishing effect is greatly improved, the polishing precision and the polishing efficiency are greatly improved, and meanwhile, the crankshaft journal polishing device is very simple in structural design and low in manufacturing cost.

Description

Half formula bent axle finish polishing device

Technical Field

The invention relates to a crankshaft machining device, in particular to a half type crankshaft finish polishing device, and belongs to the technical field of metal cutting machining.

Background

The crankshaft is one of the most important components in an engine. It takes the force from the connecting rod and converts it into torque to be output by the crankshaft and drive other accessories on the engine. The crankshaft is subjected to the combined action of centrifugal force of the rotating mass, gas inertia force of periodic variation and reciprocating inertia force, so that the crankshaft is subjected to the action of bending and twisting load. Therefore, the crankshaft is required to have sufficient strength and rigidity, and the surface of the journal needs to be wear-resistant, work uniformly and balance well. In actual work of the crankshaft, the contact area and the contact effect of the journal surface and the sliding bearing bush are critical, if the contact surface of the journal surface and the sliding bearing bush is poor, the contact is only on a few small points or a certain area, an oil film is damaged, the friction force generated by the pressure on the journal surface is necessarily much larger than that on the position where the journal surface and the sliding bearing bush are uniformly contacted, so that the generated heat is large during operation, and the temperature of the bearing bush is necessarily high. The method is specifically combined with a crankshaft to be detected, and for a marine medium-speed diesel engine, the requirement of the integral contact area of a journal is more than or equal to 65%.

In order to increase the contact area, the surface of the crankshaft journal is usually required to be polished, and a chinese utility model patent with publication number CN204295463 is disclosed in the prior art, which discloses a technique of polishing the surface contact of the crankshaft journal by using an abrasive belt ring contained on the surface of a half crankshaft journal; there is also a chinese utility model patent with publication number CN201579683, its disclosed technology utilizes the line contact of the grinding surface outside the annular abrasive band and crankshaft journal to realize polishing the journal, in the above-mentioned two patent technologies polishing processes, on the one hand, the flexible characteristic of abrasive band circle, make it be difficult to reliably contact in the polishing process, make polishing effect poor, on the other hand, because of its structural design's limitation, make the abrasive band circle too little to the contact area of crankshaft journal, it is difficult to reach the inspection standard that the contact area of journal surface and slip bush required, in addition, the intensity of polishing also can not reach effective assurance, thereby make polishing precision poor, how to install it on the lathe simultaneously and process also more difficult, the reliability of polishing also can not guarantee, therefore, the operation is more troublesome, the precision of polishing is not high, efficiency is also very low.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a fine polishing device for a half type crankshaft, which can conveniently and efficiently perform fine polishing on a crankshaft journal and has high polishing precision and operation efficiency.

In order to solve the technical problem, the fine polishing device for the half type crankshaft comprises a lathe workbench, an operation support frame and a main support frame, wherein the operation support frame and the main support frame are positioned on the side part above the lathe workbench, the crankshaft to be polished is arranged above the lathe workbench, each main support frame is provided with a through hole, the fine polishing device also comprises a support rod which can be horizontally connected in series in the through hole of each main support frame, an operation mechanism which can operate the support rod to horizontally and transversely move so as to meet the requirement of polishing the width of a journal of the crankshaft is arranged on the operation support frame, a stop block which corresponds to the journal of the crankshaft to be polished can be arranged on the support rod, a fine polishing tile for the half type crankshaft is arranged at the journal of the crankshaft to be polished, the fine polishing tile for the half type crankshaft is provided with an elastic closed end and a polishing rod is arranged at the elastic closed end, and.

The operating mechanism comprises a step shaft with a threaded section and a handle connected with the step shaft, a step hole is formed in the operating support frame, and the step shaft penetrates into the step hole and enables the threaded section to extend out of the step hole.

One end of the supporting rod is provided with an end plate screwed into the threaded section of the step shaft, a limiting structure used for enabling the supporting rod to move transversely is arranged between at least one main supporting frame and the supporting rod, the supporting rod can move transversely by operating the handle, and the moving distance of the supporting rod can meet the width of a crankshaft journal needing to be polished.

The half type crankshaft finish polishing tile comprises two half type polishing tiles; one end of each of the two polishing tiles is connected through a connecting piece arranged on the outer surface to form a closed connecting end, the other end of each polishing tile is an elastic closed end, polishing pieces used for performing finish polishing on the surface of a crankshaft journal are arranged on the inner surfaces of the two polishing tiles, a polishing rod located at the elastic closed end is arranged on one polishing tile, and the crankshaft journal can be arranged in a polishing cavity formed by the two polishing tiles in a folding mode and is subjected to finish polishing through the polishing pieces.

The elastic closed end comprises connecting bosses formed by bending the end parts of the two polishing tiles, connecting pull rods connected in series between the connecting bosses and elastic pieces sleeved on the connecting pull rods and pressed on the outer end face of one of the connecting bosses.

The limiting mechanism comprises a kidney-shaped groove arranged on the supporting rod and a limiting pin which is arranged on the main support frame and can extend into the kidney-shaped groove, the length of the kidney-shaped groove is matched with the width of a crankshaft journal needing to be polished, and the limiting pin can limit the rotating motion of the supporting rod and move left and right in the length direction of the kidney-shaped groove.

The operation support frame and the main support frame are both arranged on a bottom plate, a plurality of support plates are fixedly arranged on the side portion of the lathe workbench, and the bottom plate is fixedly arranged at the top of each support plate.

The positioning pin is installed between the supporting plate and the bottom plate, a key groove used for positioning and installing the operation supporting frame and the main support frame is formed in the bottom plate, and the operation supporting frame and the main support frame are installed on the bottom plate through flat keys in a positioning mode.

The bottom plate is provided with two ladder-shaped grooves symmetrically arranged on two sides of the key groove, and the operation support frame and the main support frame are fixedly installed on the bottom plate through fasteners by utilizing the ladder-shaped grooves.

And the operation support frame is provided with an end pressing block capable of limiting the step shaft.

The stop dog passes through clamp fixed mounting on the bracing piece.

The connecting piece is a canvas flat belt arranged on the outer surfaces of the two polishing tiles, the end parts of the connecting ends of the two polishing tiles are provided with backing plates, and the polishing piece is fixedly arranged on the two polishing tiles through the backing plates.

The invention has the advantages that:

the operation support frame and the main support frame which are arranged on the side part above the lathe workbench and the support rods which can be horizontally connected in series in the through holes of the main support frames are adopted, so that the crankshaft journal can be directly polished by using the lathe, particularly, an operation mechanism which can operate the horizontal transverse movement of the support rods to meet the journal width polishing requirement of the crankshaft is arranged on the operation support frame, the operation is very convenient, the journal width polishing requirement is directly met, the polishing effect is greatly improved, meanwhile, the Hafford type crankshaft finish polishing tile with a special structure is arranged, not only the journal surface can be contacted in the polishing process in the largest area to achieve the inspection standard of the contact area requirement of the journal surface and a sliding bearing bush, but also the floating connection of an elastic part is skillfully utilized to be matched with the polished part which is polished to closely and reliably polish the crankshaft journal surface, greatly improves the polishing precision and the polishing efficiency, and has very simple structural design and low manufacturing cost.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a fine polishing device for a half crankshaft according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a portion of the enlarged structure at B of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a fine polishing shoe for a half crankshaft of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

As shown in the figure, the fine polishing device of the half crankshaft of the invention is used as a polishing device based on the fine polishing tile of the half crankshaft, can further conveniently, quickly and reliably realize the fine polishing of the crankshaft journal of a diesel engine on the basis of the characteristics (particularly reliable contact) of the fine polishing tile of the half crankshaft, and improve the polishing precision, and comprises a lathe workbench 1, an operation support frame 9 and a main support frame 18 which are positioned at the upper side part of the lathe workbench 1, wherein the lathe workbench 1 is the existing crankshaft lathe workbench, a crankshaft 22 to be polished is arranged above the lathe workbench 1, as can be seen from the figure, a plurality of support plates 2 for installing a bottom plate 8 are fixedly arranged at the side part of the lathe workbench 1, the bottom plate 8 is fixedly arranged at the top part of each support plate 2, and during installation, the support plates 2 are arranged at one side of the lathe workbench 1 by using a flat washer and a hexagon head bolt M20, as a structural support of the whole polishing device, a support plate 2 is of a bent plate structure, one end of the support plate is connected with a lathe workbench 1, the other end of the support plate is fixedly connected with a bottom plate 8 and the support plate 2 by utilizing an inner hexagonal socket head cap screw M16 multiplied by 90, a spring washer and a hexagon nut M16, an A12 multiplied by 60 positioning pin 29 is arranged between the support plate 2 and the bottom plate 8 to ensure accurate installation and positioning, wherein a flat key slot for positioning and installing an operation support frame 9 and a main support frame 18 is arranged at the middle position of the bottom plate 8, the operation support frame 9 and the main support frame 18 are both positioned and installed on the bottom plate 8 by a flat key 20, simultaneously 2 ladder-shaped grooves at two sides of the flat key slot are symmetrically arranged on the bottom plate 8 for fixing the operation support frame 9 and the main support frame 18, a hexagon head nut M12, a T-shaped groove bolt M12 multiplied by 55 and a spring washer are utilized to, the main support frames 18 are uniformly arranged as much as possible according to the size specification of the polished crankshaft, and the installation positions do not affect the journal polishing.

Each main support frame 18 is provided with a through hole, a support rod 21 is horizontally connected in series in the through hole of each main support frame 18, an operating mechanism capable of operating the horizontal transverse movement of the support rod 21 to meet the requirement of the width polishing of the shaft neck of the crankshaft is installed on the operating support frame 9, the operating mechanism comprises a step shaft 14 with a threaded section and a handle 12 connected with the step shaft 14, a step hole is formed on the operating support frame 9, the step shaft 14 penetrates into the step hole, an end pressing block 10 capable of limiting the step shaft 14 is installed on the operating support frame 9, the threaded section extends out of the step hole, an end plate 5 screwed into the threaded section of the step shaft 14 is installed at the left end (in the direction shown in the figure) of the support rod 21, a limiting structure for enabling the support rod 21 to transversely move is arranged between the leftmost main support frame 18 and the support rod 21, and the support rod 21 can transversely move through, the moving distance can satisfy the width of the crankshaft journal to be polished, as can be seen from fig. 3, a step shaft 14 is inserted into a step hole of an operation support frame 9, then an end pressing block 10 is installed, the end pressing block 10 is fixedly connected to the operation support frame 9 by using an inner hexagonal socket head cap screw M6 x 16, the step shaft 14 can freely rotate in the step hole of the operation support frame 9, for the convenience of manual operation, a handle 12 is installed on the end surface of the step shaft 14, the handle 12 is fixedly connected with the step shaft 14 by using a pin a4 x 20, the step shaft 14 can be driven to rotate as long as the handle 12 is rotated, one end (threaded section) of the step shaft 14 is screwed into an end plate 5, the end plate 5 is fixedly connected with a support rod 21 by using an inner hexagonal socket head cap screw M6 x 16, the limiting mechanism comprises a kidney-shaped groove arranged on the support rod 21 and a limiting pin 19 which is installed on a main support frame 18 and, the length of the kidney-shaped groove is adapted to the width of the crankshaft journal to be polished, the support rod 21 can be limited to rotate and move left and right in the length direction of the kidney-shaped groove through the limit pin 19, as can be seen from the figure, the kidney-shaped groove with a certain length is formed in the support rod 21, the length of the kidney-shaped groove can be set according to the width of the crankshaft journal to be polished, the limit pin 19 is firstly sleeved with a flat gasket and then screwed into the main support frame 18, the end part of the limit pin 19 is ensured to be inserted into the kidney-shaped groove of the support rod 21, the limit pin 19 is utilized to limit the rotation movement of the support rod 21, but a certain movement amount can be left and right in the length direction of the kidney-shaped groove, when the handle 12 is rotated, the handle 12 drives the step shaft 14 to rotate, the step shaft 14 drives the support rod 21 to move through the end pressing block 10, the support rod 21 can be, when the crankshaft 22 is required to be polished, a stop 25 is firstly placed at the crankshaft journal of the same phase, a hoop 26 is respectively arranged at two sides of the stop and is fastened by a hexagon socket head cap screw M6X 25 and a spring washer, and a half type crankshaft finish polishing tile 23 is arranged at the crankshaft journal to be polished, wherein the half type crankshaft finish polishing tile 23 is provided with an elastic closed end and a polishing rod 6 at the elastic closed end, and the polishing rod 6 is arranged in a placement groove of the stop 25.

Further, for the fine polishing tile 23 of the half type crankshaft, it comprises two polishing tiles 3 of a half type structure made of aluminum alloy; the width of two polishing tiles is suitable for the width of a crankshaft journal, the inner walls of the polishing tiles need to be ground and are matched with the size of a crankshaft to be polished, one end of each of the two polishing tiles is connected through a connecting piece 4 to form a connecting end, the other end of each of the two polishing tiles is provided with an elastic closed end, a polishing rod 6 located at the elastic closed end is arranged on one polishing tile 3, the connecting piece 4 is a rubber canvas flat belt capable of being installed on the outer surfaces of the two polishing tiles, the elastic closed end comprises connecting bosses 15 formed by bending the end parts of the two polishing tiles 3, connecting pull rods 16 connected between the connecting bosses in series and elastic pieces 17 sleeved on the connecting pull rods and pressing the outer end surfaces of one connecting boss, the rubber canvas flat belt and the pressing plate are sequentially covered on the outer surfaces (outer walls) of the two polishing tiles in the specific installation process, and the rubber canvas flat belt and the pressing plate are respectively connected to the two polishing tiles through elastic washers and hexagonal On the tile 3, the other end of two polishing tiles 101 has a connection boss 15 formed by bending, two polishing tiles 3 are connected with a hexagon nut of M12 through a connection pull rod 16 of M12 x 120 connected in series between the connection bosses, an elastic part 17 is sleeved on the connection pull rod, the elastic part 17 is a cylindrical spiral spring, in addition, a flat gasket is pressed between the spring and the outer end face of one of the connection bosses, through the structural design, the floating is realized through the spring, the whole hafford type polishing tile can float and polish, the opening and closing of the hafford type polishing tile are convenient, and the fine polishing effect is ensured, the inner surfaces of the two polishing tiles 3 are provided with sand paper polishing parts 5 for performing fine polishing on the surface of a crankshaft journal, the polishing parts 5 can be selected as No. 320, the side end parts of the polishing tiles 3 are provided with threaded holes and are provided with backing plates, need set up the mounting hole of being connected with the polishing tile on abrasive paper, can pass the mounting hole on backing plate and the abrasive paper through utilizing the hexagon head bolt from this with abrasive paper fixed mounting on two polishing tiles, of course, can also overlap on the hexagon head bolt and have the elastic washer that presses on the backing plate, need have sufficient area of contact with the bent axle that is ground after abrasive paper is fixed, the bent axle journal can be settled and carry out the finish polishing in closing the polishing intracavity that forms by two polishing tiles and through polishing 5.

The working principle is as follows:

when the crankshaft journal is finely polished, after the crankshaft with polishing is arranged on a lathe, sand paper is firstly prepared according to the sizes of the crankshaft journal and the inner wall of the polishing tile 3, and the abrasive paper is pressed by using a backing plate, the backing plate and the abrasive paper are fixed on the polishing tiles 3 by using an elastic washer and a hexagon head bolt M12 multiplied by 25, the two polishing tiles 3 with the abrasive paper installed are sleeved on the crankshaft journal, then sequentially covering the outer walls of the two polishing tiles 3 with a flat canvas belt and a pressing plate, respectively connecting the flat canvas belt and the pressing plate to the two polishing tiles 3 by using an elastic washer and a hexagon head bolt M12 multiplied by 25, finally installing a polishing rod 6 on one side of the polishing tiles 3, enabling the polishing rod 6 to penetrate through a mounting groove of a sliding block 24, connecting the two hafford type polishing tiles by using the flat washer, the hexagon head bolt M12 multiplied by 120, a cylindrical spiral spring and a hexagon head nut M12, and realizing floating through the spring; the lathe is started, the crankshaft rotates along with the lathe, when polishing is conducted, the polished rod 6 penetrates through the placement groove of the sliding block 24, force application can be achieved through the dead weight of the polished rod 6, the handle 12 is rotated, the handle 12 drives the step shaft 14 to rotate, the step shaft 14 further drives the supporting rod 21 to move through matching with the end plate, the supporting rod 21 moves to enable the polished rod 6 penetrating through the sliding block 24 to enable the whole half type crankshaft polishing tile 23 to polish the whole crankshaft journal width, polishing of journals in the same phase can be achieved, polishing efficiency is remarkably improved, labor cost is saved, meanwhile operation is safe and simple, after the crankshaft journal polishing in the phase is completed, the actions are repeated to polish the next phase journal until polishing is completed completely.

It is to be understood that the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art may make modifications, alterations, additions or substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a fine polishing device of half formula bent axle which characterized in that: the polishing device comprises a lathe workbench (1), an operation support frame (9) and a main support frame (18), wherein the operation support frame (9) and the main support frame (18) are positioned on the side part above the lathe workbench (1), a crankshaft (22) to be polished is arranged above the lathe workbench (1), a through hole is formed in each main support frame (18), a support rod (21) can be horizontally connected in series in the through hole of each main support frame (18), an operating mechanism capable of operating the support rod (21) to horizontally and transversely move so as to meet the requirement of crankshaft journal width polishing is installed on the operation support frame (9), a stop block (25) corresponding to the journal of the crankshaft to be polished can be installed on the support rod (21), a half type crankshaft finish polishing tile (23) is installed at the journal of the crankshaft to be polished, the half type crankshaft finish polishing tile (23) is provided with an elastic closed end, and a polishing rod (6) is arranged at the elastic closed end, the polished rod (6) is arranged in the arrangement groove of the stop block (25).

2. The finish polishing device for a half-crank shaft according to claim 1, wherein: the operating mechanism comprises a step shaft (14) with a threaded section and a handle (12) connected with the step shaft (14), a step hole is formed in the operating support frame (9), and the step shaft (14) penetrates into the step hole and enables the threaded section to extend out of the step hole.

3. The finish polishing device for a half-crank shaft according to claim 2, wherein: an end plate (5) screwed into a threaded section of the step shaft (14) is installed at one end of the support rod (21), a limiting structure used for enabling the support rod (21) to move transversely is arranged between at least one main support frame (18) and the support rod (21), the support rod (21) can move transversely by operating the handle (12), and the moving distance of the support rod can meet the width of a crankshaft journal to be polished.

4. The finish polishing apparatus for a hafford crankshaft as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the half type crankshaft finish polishing tile comprises two half type polishing tiles (3); wherein one end of two polishing tiles is connected through connecting piece (4) that the surface was settled and is formed the closed link, and one end is elasticity closed end in addition, and the internal surface of two polishing tiles (3) all settles and is used for carrying out polishing piece (5) of finish polishing to crankshaft journal surface, and wherein one slice be provided with one on polishing tile (3) and be located the polishing pole (6) of elasticity closed end department, the crankshaft journal can settle by two polishing tiles to closing the polishing intracavity that forms and carry out the finish polishing through polishing piece (5), its characterized in that: elasticity closed end includes two the connection boss (15) that the tip of polishing tile (3) bent the formation, connect connecting pull rod (16) and the elastic component (17) of the pressure of suit on the connecting pull rod on the outer terminal surface of one of them connection boss between the boss that concatenates, its characterized in that: the limiting mechanism comprises a kidney-shaped groove arranged on the supporting rod (21) and a limiting pin (19) which is arranged on the main supporting frame (18) and can extend into the kidney-shaped groove, the length of the kidney-shaped groove is matched with the width of a crankshaft journal needing to be polished, and the limiting pin (19) can limit the supporting rod (21) to rotate and move left and right in the length direction of the kidney-shaped groove.

5. The finish polishing apparatus for a half-crank shaft according to claim 1, 5 or 6, wherein: the operation support frame (9) and the main support frame (18) are both arranged on a bottom plate (8), a plurality of support plates (2) are fixedly arranged on the side portion of the lathe workbench (1), and the bottom plate (8) is fixedly arranged on the top of each support plate (2).

6. The finish polishing apparatus for a half-crank shaft according to claim 7, wherein: install locating pin (29) between backup pad (2) and bottom plate (8), set up the keyway that is used for location installation operation support frame (9) and main tributary strut (18) on bottom plate (8), operation support frame (9) and main tributary strut (18) are all through parallel key (20) location installation on bottom plate (8).

7. The finish polishing apparatus for a half-crank shaft according to claim 8, wherein: the bottom plate (8) is provided with two ladder-shaped grooves symmetrically arranged on two sides of the key groove, and the operation support frame (9) and the main support frame (18) are fixedly installed on the bottom plate (8) through fasteners by utilizing the ladder-shaped grooves.

8. The finish polishing apparatus for a half-crank shaft according to claim 8 or 9, wherein: an end pressing block (10) capable of limiting the step shaft (14) is mounted on the operation support frame (9).

9. The finish polishing apparatus for a half-crank shaft according to claim 1, 5, 7, 8, wherein: the stop block (25) is fixedly arranged on the support rod (21) through a hoop (26).

10. The finish polishing apparatus for a half-crank shaft according to claim 11, wherein: the connecting piece (4) is a canvas flat belt arranged on the outer surfaces of the two polishing tiles, a backing plate (7) is arranged at the end part of the connecting end of the two polishing tiles (3), and the polishing piece is fixedly arranged on the two polishing tiles through the backing plate (7).