CN112450124A - Laying hen chicken room capable of naturally regulating microclimate environment and breeding method - Google Patents
Laying hen chicken room capable of naturally regulating microclimate environment and breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K31/00—Housing birds
- A01K31/002—Poultry cages, e.g. transport boxes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/0047—Air-conditioning, e.g. ventilation, of animal housings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/0047—Air-conditioning, e.g. ventilation, of animal housings
- A01K1/007—Arrangement of curtain systems
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K31/00—Housing birds
- A01K31/04—Dropping-boards; Devices for removing excrement
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
- C05F3/06—Apparatus for the manufacture
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F3/00—Sewer pipe-line systems
- E03F3/04—Pipes or fittings specially adapted to sewers
- E03F3/046—Open sewage channels
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
- E04B7/02—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation with plane sloping surfaces, e.g. saddle roofs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
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Abstract
The invention discloses a laying hen chicken room capable of naturally regulating and controlling a microclimate environment and a breeding method, and belongs to the technical field of laying hen breeding, the laying hen room comprises a ventilation room body, a breeding room body, a coop and an automatic feeding device, wherein a first window, a second window and an eave are arranged on the ventilation room body; each breeding room body is communicated through an air duct; the chicken manure breeding method is characterized in that a manure collecting pool, a manure storage pool and a septic tank are further arranged, chicken manure is extracted to the fermentation grid by a lifting device and is extracted away by a sewage discharge device, the temperature and the air freshness in the breeding house are controlled by adjusting the opening and closing of the first window, the second window, the house door and the ventilation duct, and the laying hens are sterilized and disinfected by illumination. The invention is convenient for airflow circulation, has the temperature and the humidity close to the natural ecological environment, reduces the morbidity of the laying hens, improves the laying rate and the laying quality, sterilizes and disinfects by sunlight, improves the immunity of the hens, promotes the metabolism, has high laying rate, good laying quality and high quality of chicken manure, and is suitable for the breeding of all the hens.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of laying hen breeding, relates to a laying hen house capable of naturally regulating and controlling microclimate environment, and further relates to a laying hen breeding method capable of naturally regulating and controlling microclimate environment.
Background
The chicken raising rooms in the prior art are mostly cultured in a closed manner, namely the chicken raising rooms are completely sealed, the gathering of mosquitoes and flies can be effectively prevented in the closed space, the temperature and the humidity in the chicken raising rooms can be conveniently controlled, and the centralized disinfection can be realized. In order to meet the egg laying requirements of the chickens, the ventilation is to utilize negative pressure generated by the ventilation fan to renew air in the chicken room, a large number of illuminating lamps are arranged in the chicken room to irradiate the chickens for 24 hours, and meanwhile, a large amount of hormone feed is fed to the chickens to promote the formation of eggs. And a free-range chicken house is also provided, namely free-range chicken is raised, so that the free-range chicken can lay eggs completely according to the external environment.
The disadvantages of the closed culture mode are: the requirements on temperature and humidity in a closed space are extremely high, if the control is not good, the chickens are easy to get ill, and the fowl plague is easy to form, so the fatality rate is very high; because the living environment of the chicken is greatly different from the external environment, the resistance of the chicken in the greenhouse is low, and the prevalence rate is high; the disinfection difficulty is high, the overlay consumption cannot be realized, and the chicken lice are easy to grow on the chicken body; the ventilation effect is poor, the smell in the chicken house is unpleasant, ammonia gas can not be discharged in time, because excrement in the closed chicken house can generate a large amount of ammonia gas, and the chicken is particularly sensitive to the reaction of the ammonia gas, after the ammonia gas is sucked into a respiratory system, diseases such as upper respiratory tract mucous membrane congestion, bronchitis and the like can be caused, and in severe cases, diseases such as pulmonary edema, pulmonary hemorrhage and the like can be caused, so that the laying rate is low, the laying quality is poor, infectious diseases such as new castle disease and the like are caused, and the death rate of the chicken is increased.
The disinfection mode in the closed space is to spray disinfection liquid medicine in the chicken room, and the mode has the following defects: the method is characterized in that disinfection is incomplete, in order to reduce the damage of disinfection liquid medicine to chickens, the disinfection liquid medicine is usually sprayed on an object, but chickens live in an environment without sunlight for a long time, so that the chickens are full of cootie on the bodies, the chickens can peck themselves continuously due to the nature of the chickens, once fresh blood is pecked out, fighting between the chickens is caused to cause death, in order to prevent the chickens from pecking each other, the beaks need to be cut off, the cost is increased, the chickens after the beaks are cut off can leave sequela of chronic pain, the stress reaction is strong, the laying rate is influenced, the immunity of the chickens after the beaks are cut off is reduced, and if the chicken is not treated well, the death rate of the chickens is increased;
the technical means of discharging ammonia in chicken room among the prior art is to install the fan that trades in airtight space, discharges the ammonia, and the shortcoming of this kind of mode is: when the fan is changed to exhaust air, the temperature and humidity in the chicken room are ensured, the difficulty is high, and if the control is not good, the chickens are easy to suffer from diseases; due to the limitation of the installation position of the fan, ammonia gas within 0.5 m away from the ground in the chicken room can not be discharged completely and still exists; the air introduced by the air exchanging fan can be directly blown into the chicken room, and the external air is too cold or too hot, which is not beneficial to the health of the chicken; the high-power fan that trades and the equipment that is used for maintaining temperature and humidity in the room of raising chickens not only purchase the cost height, and power consumption is big, has increased the breed cost.
The chicken manure is directly aired after being collected in the prior art and then applied to a farmland as a fertilizer, but the unfermented chicken manure contains a large amount of heavy metals and cannot reach the fertilization standard specified by the state, and the common chicken manure contains a large amount of worm eggs, so that the pest control burden of the farmland can be increased, the source quality of the chicken manure is poor due to the fact that the chicken feed contains a large amount of hormones such as antibiotics, and the hormones are absorbed by plants to form fruits, are indirectly absorbed by the human body, are accumulated in the human body for a long time and are not beneficial to the human health.
The disadvantages of the free-ranging cultivation are: the method has the advantages of no scale breeding, low laying rate of the chickens, large occupied space, high breeding cost, no real-time monitoring of the health conditions of the chickens and no contribution to standardized breeding.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the laying hen house capable of naturally regulating and controlling microclimate environment so as to achieve the purposes of open cultivation, enabling the living environment of laying hens to be close to nature, introducing natural air by utilizing the air pressure difference between the atmospheric environment and the inside of the house, having good ventilation effect, natural regulation and control, sunlight disinfection, cost saving, high laying rate, high laying quality and high quality of chicken manure;
the invention also provides a laying hen breeding method for naturally regulating and controlling microclimate environment, so as to achieve the purposes that the living environment of laying hens is close to nature, natural ventilation is realized, the temperature is naturally regulated and controlled, and the quality of chicken manure is high.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a laying hen chicken room capable of naturally regulating and controlling microclimate environment comprises a plurality of chicken room bodies, wherein a chicken cage and an automatic feeding device are arranged in each chicken room body, each chicken room body comprises a ventilation room body arranged on the ground and a cultivation room body arranged underground, a first window used for sunlight irradiation and ventilation and a second window used for air flow circulation are detachably arranged on the ventilation room body, the second window is positioned above the first window, an outwards extending eave is fixedly arranged on the ventilation room body, and the length direction of each chicken room body is the east-west direction;
the plurality of breeding houses are mutually communicated through an underground ventilation channel, a house door is arranged on each breeding house, and the chicken coop is arranged in each breeding house;
breed the below of the room body and be provided with excrement and urine collecting pit and hold the manure pit, still be equipped with the septic tank that is used for the fermentation of chicken manure to collect the chicken manure in the excrement and urine collecting pit through clear excrement equipment and hold in the manure pit, rethread hoisting device will hold the chicken manure in the manure extraction septic tank in the manure pit, be equipped with a plurality of fermentation check in the septic tank, a plurality of fermentation check communicate the setting in proper order through the valve, and the relief reduces in proper order, hoisting device's export and the highest fermentation check intercommunication of relief set firmly the waste fitting discharging who is used for taking the chicken manure after the fermentation out on the fermentation check that the relief is the lowest.
As a limitation of the present invention: be equipped with two slope formula pitched roofs on the ventilation room body, the one end and the ground fixed connection of first window on the ventilation room body, one end and two slope formula pitched roofs fixed connection, two slope formula pitched roofs are located to the second window, the junction of first window and two slope formula pitched roofs is located to the eave.
As a further limitation of the invention: the double-slope type pitched roof is provided with a slideway, the second window comprises a fixed window and a movable window arranged on the slideway, and the movable window is controlled to be opened or closed with the fixed window through a transmission device; the transmission device comprises a gear set arranged on the double-slope type pitched roof, a chain sleeved on the gear set and a motor used for driving the gear set to rotate, and the movable window is connected with the chain through a fixing block.
As still further limiting the invention: breed the height of the room body and be 5 ~ 7 meters, the height of first window is 1 ~ 2 meters, the width of eaves is 1 ~ 2 meters.
As another limitation of the present invention: a plurality of ventilation holes communicated with the outside are formed in the ventilation channel; the breeding house body leads to the ground through a slope, and the slope is a curve.
As a limitation of the present invention: six fermentation lattices are arranged.
As a third limitation of the present invention: still include the compounding room body, the internal automatic compounding device that is equipped with in compounding room, automatic compounding device and automatic food device intercommunication of throwing.
The laying hen breeding method for naturally regulating and controlling the microclimate environment comprises the following steps:
(1) feeding space
The method comprises the following steps of arranging the coops in an underground breeding house body, feeding the coops through an automatic feeding device, wherein the feeding density is 8-12 chickens per square meter;
(2) feeding environment
In 3-4 months, the doors of the breeding house body are opened from 11 am to 3 pm, the doors are closed in the rest of time, the ventilation duct is opened all day long, the first window is closed all day long, the second window is opened from 11 am to 3 pm, and the rest of time is opened every 0.5-1 hour;
in months of 5-10, the first window is detached, the second window is opened all day long, the door of the breeding house body is opened all day long, the ventilation channel is opened all day long, so that negative pressure is formed between the airflow of the door and the airflow in the ventilation channel, the circulation speed is increased, and the temperature of external natural wind is regulated and controlled;
in 1-2 months and 11-12 months, the doors of the breeding house body are closed all day long, the ventilation channel is opened from 11 am to 3 pm, the rest time is closed, the first window is closed all day long, and the second window is opened every 0.5-1 hour;
(3) light management
When the weather is sunny, eaves on the house body are ventilated, and the illumination time of laying hens on each layer in the coop is ensured to be 1-2 hours;
(4) fecal management
The method comprises the steps that chicken manure in a manure collecting pool is cleaned once every 0.5-1 hour through manure cleaning equipment and is collected into a manure storage tank, the chicken manure in the manure storage tank is periodically pumped into a fermentation grid with the highest terrain, the chicken manure in the fermentation grid with the lowest terrain is pumped out through a sewage discharge device after being fermented for one year, then valves are sequentially opened, the chicken manure in the fermentation grid with the highest terrain sequentially flows into the fermentation grids with the low terrain, and after the fermentation grid with the highest terrain empties, new unfermented chicken manure pumped up by the manure storage tank is added and sequentially circulates.
As the limitation of the culture method of the invention: six fermentation lattices are arranged, and the chicken manure in the manure storage tank is pumped and placed into the fermentation lattice with the highest terrain once every two months.
As a further limitation to the cultivation method of the present invention: two adjacent chicken houses body sharing a compounding room body, set up two automatic mixing devices in a compounding room body, throw the edible device with two automations respectively and be connected, breed the laying hen of different chicken ages in the chicken houses body of difference, feed through throwing the edible device automatically and eat different fodder.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention adopts a semi-underground and semi-overground open type breeding mode, the breeding house body is arranged underground, the environment is quiet, the stress response of the chickens to the external environment is reduced, and the egg laying of the chickens is promoted; the ventilation duct is arranged underground, has the functions of being warm in winter and cool in summer, connects a plurality of breeding houses, can automatically regulate and control the temperature in the breeding houses through exchange and fusion with airflow in the breeding houses, reduces equipment for cooling or heating, saves breeding cost, can form negative pressure with the outside, is convenient for airflow in the external environment to enter the breeding houses under the action of air pressure difference, forms circulation, can quickly discharge ammonia gas in the breeding houses, ensures the freshness of air in the breeding houses, is also convenient for regulating the temperature and humidity in the breeding houses, maximally restores the living environment of laying hens in the natural state, reduces artificial regulation and control factors, improves the laying rate and the laying quality of the laying hens, reduces the sick probability of the laying hens, and prolongs the laying time; the chicken coop is arranged underground, the temperature in the chicken house rises from bottom to top, the rising gas is discharged from the second window along with the airflow entering the first window, the airflow forms circulation, the freshness of the air in the chicken house is guaranteed, ammonia gas can be effectively prevented from being gathered in the chicken house to influence the health of the chicken, the breeding house body for breeding is arranged underground, when the chicken coop meets the strong wind weather, the large wind cannot be generated in the breeding house body, meanwhile, the airflow circulation can be formed in real time by utilizing the first window and the second window, the temperature, the humidity and the freshness of the air in the chicken house are guaranteed, and the arrangement of eave can effectively prevent rain from entering the breeding house body; the natural disinfection of sunlight is adopted, the purposes of sterilization, inflammation diminishing, egg laying promotion and metabolism acceleration can be achieved, the eaves can prevent sunlight from irradiating the breeding house body in all directions, the sunlight can be ensured not to be irradiated on the coops for too long time, the disinfection is effectively carried out, meanwhile, the chicken is prevented from being sunburned, the disinfection effect is good, no coops are produced, no beak is broken, the health of the chicken can be ensured, the egg laying rate is high, and the egg laying quality is high;
(2) the breeding method has less artificial intervention, reduces artificial operation through natural regulation and control of the external environment, reduces the use of large-scale equipment, reduces the investment of labor cost, reduces the breeding cost, is convenient for ammonia gas in the breeding house to be discharged to the outside, improves the air quality in the breeding house and reduces the morbidity of laying hens;
(3) the double-slope pitched roof is convenient for rain drainage, prevents rainwater from gathering, enables the first window and the second window to form a tandem position relationship, and is convenient for air flow circulation;
(4) the opening and closing of the first window are controlled manually, the opening and closing duration of the window is adjusted, and the temperature in the culture room and the circulating degree of airflow are guaranteed; the opening and closing of the first window are adjusted in real time according to the weather condition, so that manual operation is facilitated, and the practicability is high;
(5) the ventilation holes in the ventilation duct can further increase the ventilation effect, increase the air flow and ensure the freshness of the air in the culture room;
(6) according to the special design of the height of the breeding house, the height of the first window and the width of the eave, the progressive lighting is realized in the breeding house by utilizing the natural running track of the sun, each layer of the coop can be irradiated by the sunlight, and the irradiation time per day is 1-2 hours, so that the long sunshine time can be prevented, the chicken can be sunburned, the necessary disinfection effect can be achieved, the morbidity of laying hens is reduced, and the resistance of the chicken is improved;
(7) the slope is designed into a curve, so that air cannot be blown into the breeding room directly, the impact of temperature on laying hens is reduced, and the drainage channel can prevent rainwater from entering the breeding room and facilitate drainage;
(8) the excrement is automatically collected through the excrement cleaning device, the generation of ammonia gas can be effectively reduced, the automation degree is high, the operation is convenient, heavy metal in the fermented chicken manure is precipitated, worm eggs are dead, the disinfection and sterilization effects are achieved, the fermented chicken manure is used as a fertilizer to be applied to farmlands, the growth of plants is facilitated, and hormone residues are not generated.
In conclusion, the negative pressure is formed by utilizing the pressure difference between the external environment and the underground ventilation duct, the circulation of airflow is convenient, the temperature and the humidity in the breeding house are close to the natural ecological environment, the breeding cost is saved, the disease probability of the laying hens is reduced, the laying rate and the laying quality are improved, the body of the laying hens is disinfected by sunlight irradiation, the immunity of the laying hens is improved, the metabolism is promoted, the laying rate is high, the laying quality is good, the ventilation effect is good, the fermented chicken manure is better in quality, no hormone residue is generated in the chicken manure, and the method is suitable for breeding all the laying hens.
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The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a left side view of the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic top view of the embodiment of the invention.
In the figure: 1-cultivation house body, 2-ventilation house body, 2.1-double-slope type pitched roof, 2.2-first window, 3-eave, 4-second window, 41-movable window, 42-fixed window, 5-ventilation channel, 6-ventilation hole, 7-door, 8-drainage channel, 9-transmission device, 91-gear set, 92-chain, 93-motor, 10-fixed block, 11-slideway, 12-windproof channel, 13-push-open door, 14-slope, 15-coop, 16-excrement collecting tank, 17-mixing house body, 18-septic tank, 19-lifting device, 20-septic tank, 21-fermentation grid, 22-sewage discharging device and 23-valve.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the layer chicken house and the breeding method for naturally regulating microclimate environment described herein are preferred embodiments, are only used for illustrating and explaining the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention.
Example 1 layer chicken room with naturally controlled microclimate environment
This embodiment is as shown in fig. 1-fig. 3, a laying hen chicken room of natural regulation and control microclimate environment, includes a plurality of chicken room bodies (this embodiment uses two chicken room bodies as an example), and two chicken room bodies all are equipped with coop 15 and automatic feeding device in, the chicken room body is including locating the ventilation room body 2 on the ground and locating underground breeding room body 1, and what this embodiment adopted is half aboveground, half underground open breeding mode, and the below ground pit forms breeding room body 1, is ventilation room body 2 above the ground, with breeding room body 1 intercommunication setting for air current circulation guarantees that the air in breeding room body 1 is fresh. The automatic feeding device of the embodiment adopts the prior art. The chicken house body of this embodiment adopts is a brand-new breed chicken house, the breed mode of original totally closed management has been abandoned, except that raise the chicken in the cage, other breed modes all are open breed modes, make the living environment of laying hen basically the same with external environment, the living environment under the laying hen natural state has been restoreed, reduce the use of antibiotic, make the laying hen lay the high quality, and through the air current circulation of ventilation house body 2, guarantee the temperature and the humidity in the breed house body 1, adopt the daily disinfection of sunlight irradiation in being used for breeding the house body 1 simultaneously, improve laying hen self immunity, reduce the use of antibiotic, improve the quality of laying eggs.
Breed the below of the room body 1 and be provided with excrement and urine collecting pit 16, be equipped with clear excrement device in the excrement and urine collecting pit 16, clear excrement device adopts prior art's scraper conveyor. Two below of breeding the room body 1 all are provided with excrement and urine collecting pit 16 and hold manure pit 18, and two breed room body 1 sharing one hold manure pit 18, and this embodiment still is equipped with the septic tank 20 that is used for the fermentation of chicken manure, piles up the chicken manure in the excrement and urine collecting pit 16 in holding manure pit 18 through clear excrement device, it is provided with hoisting device 19 in the manure pit 18 to hold, and the chicken manure that will hold in the manure pit 18 through hoisting device 19 is pumped and is fermented in the septic tank 20. Be equipped with six fermentation check 21 in the septic tank 20, six fermentation check 21 communicate the setting in proper order through the pipeline, be equipped with the valve 23 that is used for controlling the break-make on the pipeline to six fermentation check 21's relief reduces in proper order, hoisting device 19's export and the highest fermentation check 21 intercommunication in relief set firmly the waste fitting discharging 22 that is used for taking the chicken manure after the fermentation on the lowest fermentation check 21 in relief. After the chicken manure in the fermentation grid 21 with the lowest terrain is fermented for one year, the chicken manure is pumped away through the sewage discharge device 22 and is applied to a farmland as a fertilizer, then the valve 23 is opened in sequence, the chicken manure in the fermentation grid 21 with the higher terrain flows into the next fermentation grid 21 with the lower terrain in sequence, finally the fermentation grid 21 with the highest terrain is emptied, the chicken manure in the manure storage tank 18 is pumped into the fermentation grid 21 with the highest terrain through the lifting device 19 for fermentation, and the chicken manure is guaranteed to be applied to the farmland as the fertilizer after being fermented for one year.
This embodiment still includes the compounding room body 17, and two compounding room bodies 1 of breeding share a compounding room body 17, and the compounding room body 17 is located on the ground, lies in two and breeds between the room body 1, be equipped with two sets of automatic mixing devices in the compounding room body 17, every set of automatic mixing device all feeds with the automatic food device intercommunication of throwing in the self-breeding room body 1 for give 15 feeds of chicken coop, automatic mixing device adopts prior art.
The ventilation house body 2 is arranged above the ground and communicated with the culture house body 1 for air circulation, so that fresh air in the culture house body 1 is ensured. The ventilation room body 2 includes that detachably locates subaerial first window 2.2 and the two slope formula pitched roof 2.1 of being connected with first window 2.2, the one end and the ground fixed connection of first window 2.2, the other end with two slope formula pitched roof 2.1 fixed connection, two slope formula pitched roof 2.1 can prevent to accumulate the rainwater, the rainwater of being convenient for flows down fast, ventilation room body 2 all is connected with ground through first window 2.2 all around. The double-slope pitched roof 2.1 is provided with a second window 4 for air circulation, the first window 2.2 and the second window 4 are glass windows, the first window 2.2 is positioned below the second window 4, air can enter the breeding house body 1 in a forward direction and sunlight can irradiate the breeding house body 1, the second window 4 is positioned on the double-slope pitched roof 2.1 and is closer to the central axis of the breeding house body 1 in the length direction than the first window 2.2, the second window 4 is obliquely arranged, so that air can enter the first window 2.2 and is discharged from the second window 4 to form continuous circulation air flow, according to the principle of upward movement of hot air, ammonia in the breeding house body 1 can be driven by the air flow entering the door 7 to move downwards in the ventilation house body 2 and is discharged upwards from the second window 4 along with the air flow entering the first window 2.2, the ammonia gas in the breeding house body 1 can be completely distributed, the air in the breeding house body 1 is updated in real time, the fresh environment is kept in the breeding house body 1, and the growth of laying hens is facilitated.
Be equipped with slide 11 on the two sloping formula pitched roofs 2.1, second window 4 includes fixed window 42 and locates the removal window 41 on slide 11, fixed window 42 sets up with removal window 41 interval, removal window 41 passes through transmission 9 control its and fixed window 42 open and shut. Transmission 9 is including setting firmly gear train 91 on two sloping formula pitched roofs 2.1, cup jointing chain 92 on gear train 91 and being used for driving gear train 91 pivoted motor 93, it is connected with chain 92 through fixed block 10 to remove window 41, when motor 93 rotates, gear train 91 among the drive gear train 91 rotates, gear train 91 rotates and drives the transmission of chain 92, the transmission of chain 92 drives and removes window 41 and removes along slide 11, motor 93 forward rotates, make and remove window 41 and fixed window 42 coincidence, remove window 41 and open, form the window that ventilates, motor 93 reverse rotation, remove window 41 and close, it is closed to ventilate the window, guarantee to breed the temperature in the room body 1.
The length direction of the breeding house body 1 is the east-west trend, so that sunlight can conveniently irradiate in the breeding house body 1. Breed one end on the 1 length direction in the room body and be provided with door 7, door 7 is the shutter door, breed door 7 export of the room body 1 and access to ground through slope 14, slope 14 is the bend, makes the one end of slope 14 and ground transition stagger with the position of door 7, avoids the air current directly to get into from door 7 and breeds the internal 1 of room, makes supercooling or overheated air cause the influence to laying hen's health. And a drainage channel 8 is arranged at the joint of the door 7 and the slope 14, so that rainwater is prevented from flowing back into the breeding house body 1 along the slope 14. Breed the other end of the 1 length direction in room body sealed to 1 links up a plurality of breed rooms through ventiduct 5 and realize the intercommunication, the underground is located to ventiduct 5, the cross-section of ventiduct 5 is the arch, be provided with a plurality of ventilation holes 6 with external intercommunication in the ventiduct 5, ventilation hole 6 seals it through the end cap, and when needs air volume great, opens ventilation hole 6, when needs air volume is less, closes ventilation hole 6. The coop 15 is arranged in the breeding house body 1, so that the breeding house body 1 is used for breeding laying hens. Breed the below of the room body 1 and be provided with excrement and urine collecting pit 16, be equipped with clear excrement device in the excrement and urine collecting pit 16, clear excrement device adopts prior art.
Set firmly the eaves 43 of outside extension on the ventilation room body 2, the junction of first window 2.2 and two sloping formula pitched roof 2.1 is located to eaves 43, and the effect of the eaves 43 of outside extension is: preventing rainwater from entering the breeding house body 1 in rainy days; the chicken coops 15 in the breeding house 1 are prevented from being irradiated by the sun for too long time, and the sunlight irradiation time is controlled. According to the running track of the sun, the underground height of the breeding house body 1 is set to be 5 meters, 6 meters or 7 meters, the height of the first window 2.2 is set to be 1 meter, 1.5 meters or 2 meters, and the width of the eave 43 is set to be 1 meter, 1.5 meters or 2 meters. Breed three group heights of the room body 1 in this embodiment, three group heights of first window 2.2, three group height free combination of eaves 43, form the construction size, the compound mode that this embodiment adopted is: the height of the breeding house body 1 is 6 meters, the height of the first window 2.2 is 1.5 meters, the width of the eave 43 is 1.5 meters, and the construction size of any combination mode can meet the requirement of sunlight irradiation time, as shown in figure 1, when the sun is within an angle alpha, the sunlight irradiation on each layer of coops 15 can be ensured along with the movement track of the sun, so that the irradiation time per day is between 1 hour and 2 hours, the necessary sunlight disinfection time for laying hens can be ensured, and the long irradiation time for the laying hens can not be prolonged to cause sunburn. The mode of this embodiment sunlight disinfection can prevent that the laying hen from growing lice on one's body, and be favorable to controlling temperature and humidity in breeding the house body 1, natural ecological breed can improve the immunity of laying hen, the living environment that makes scale breed laying hen is close external natural environment, can improve laying hen's laying rate and length of laying eggs, in the breeding process, the incidence of disease of laying hen is little, the hormone such as antibiotic that use is few, can improve the quality that the laying hen laid eggs, natural ecological breed mode can reduce the artificial factor of controlling, save the cost of labor, the resource cost, reduce the breed cost.
Breed and be equipped with on the room body 1 and be used for the people to pass through prevent wind passageway 12, prevent wind passageway 12's a mouth and locate the outside of breeding the room body 1, be located the outside of door 7 promptly, another mouth is located the inside of breeding the room body 1 promptly, is located inside door 7 promptly, and two mouths all are equipped with and push away door 13. When the air of external world is too cold or overheated, when needing to guarantee the temperature in the breed house body 1, close door 7, when the people need get into the breed house body 1, open great door 7 and can make the temperature in the breed house body 1 run off, therefore, need get into by preventing wind passageway 12, open earlier and lie in door 7 outer push-open door 13, get into and prevent wind passageway 12, because the push-open door 13 that the passageway 12 that prevents wind lies in door 7 closes, therefore, the air current can not get into the breed house body 1, then close the push-open door 13 that lies in door 7 outside, open the push-open door 13 that lies in the breed house body 1 inside and get into the breed house body 1 in, guarantee that the temperature in the breed house body 1 does not run off.
Example 2 laying hen breeding method for naturally regulating microclimate environment
The breeding method of the embodiment is realized on the basis of the chicken room of the embodiment 1, and comprises the following steps:
(1) feeding space
The chicken coop 15 is arranged in the underground breeding house 1, and the automatic feeding device feeds the chicken coop 15, so that the feeding density is 10 chickens per square meter in order to increase the activity space of the laying hens;
(2) feeding environment
In 3-4 months, the door 7 of the culture room body 1 is opened from 11 am to 3 pm, the ventilating duct 5 is opened all day long, and when the door 7 is opened, under the action of negative pressure, external air flow circulates in the ventilating duct 5, so that the air freshness in the culture room body 1 is increased. In order to ensure the temperature in the culture room body 1, the room door 7 is closed at the rest of the time, the ventilation channel 5 is kept open, the air in the ventilation channel 5 is exchanged with the air in the culture room body 1, and the temperature in the culture room body 1 is adjusted. The first window 2.2 is closed all day, the temperature in the culture room body 1 is increased, the movable window 41 on the second window 4 is opened from 11 am to 3 pm, the circulation of air flow is accelerated, and the movable window is opened once every 0.5 hour by controlling the rotation of the motor 93 in the rest time, so that the ammonia gas in the culture room body 1 is ensured to rise into the ventilation room body 2 under the driving of hot air flow and is discharged by the second window 4;
in the months of 5-10, because the weather is hotter, the first window 2.2 is detached, and the movable window 41 of the second window 4 is opened all day long, so that the ventilation in the culture room body 1 is guaranteed to the maximum degree, and the hot air in the culture room body 1 is convenient to exhaust. The door 7 of the breeding house body 1 is opened all day long, the ventilation duct 5 is opened all day long, so that negative pressure is formed between the airflow of the door 7 and the airflow in the ventilation duct 5, the circulation speed is increased, and the temperature of external natural wind is regulated and controlled;
in the 1-2 months and 11-12 months, the door 7 of the breeding house body 1 is closed all day long, the outside cold air is prevented from entering the breeding house body 1, the ventilating duct 5 is opened from 11 am to 3 pm, the rest time is closed, the temperature in the breeding house body 1 is increased when the air in the ventilating duct 5 is warm in winter and cool in summer and exchanges with the air in the breeding house body 1, but the space of the ventilating duct 5 is large, and if the air is opened all day long, the hot air in the breeding house body 1 is diffused into the ventilating duct 5, so that the warm keeping is not facilitated, and therefore, the air is opened only from 11 am to 3 pm. The first window 2.2 is closed all day long, the movable window 41 of the second window 4 is opened once every 1 hour by controlling the rotation of the motor 93, so that ammonia gas generated by chicken manure in the breeding house body 1 is driven by hot air flow to move upwards to the ventilation house body 2 and is discharged by the second window 4, and the freshness of air in the breeding house body 1 is ensured;
(3) light management
When the weather is sunny, the eaves 3 on the ventilated house body 2 ensure that the laying hens on each layer in the coop 15 have illumination time of 1-2 hours, and sunlight irradiates the laying hens in the coop 15, so that the effects of sterilization and disinfection on the laying hens can be achieved, the immunity of the laying hens can be improved, and the morbidity is reduced;
(4) fecal management
The chicken manure in the manure collecting tank 16 is cleaned once every 1 hour through manure cleaning equipment and is collected into the manure storage tank 18, two adjacent breeding house bodies 1 share one manure storage tank 18, and the chicken manure in the manure collecting tank 16 is firstly accumulated into the manure storage tank 18. Six fermentation check 21 that set up in the manure storage tank 18, because the relief reduces in proper order, the chicken manure in the fermentation check 21 that the relief is the lowest is fermented after one year, take out through waste fitting discharging 22, then open valve 23 on the pipeline in proper order, make the chicken manure in the fermentation check 21 that the relief is high flow into the fermentation check 21 that the relief is low in proper order, after vacating in the fermentation check 21 that the relief is the highest, add the new chicken manure that does not ferment that is taken out by manure storage tank 18, circulate in proper order. The chicken manure in the manure storage tank 18 is pumped to the fermentation grid 21 with the highest terrain once every two months, the chicken manure fermented for one year is pumped to the fermentation grid 21 with the lowest terrain every two months, the fermentation time of the chicken manure in the fermentation grid 21 with the terrain from low to high is twelve months, ten months, eight months, six months, four months and two months, and the chicken manure is gradually moved to the fermentation grid 21 with the lowest terrain in the process of time, so that the chicken manure pumped by the sewage discharge device 22 is always fermented for one year.
In order to save the breeding cost, two adjacent chicken room bodies share one material mixing room body 17, two automatic material mixing devices are arranged in one material mixing room body 17 and are connected with respective automatic feeding devices, laying hens with different ages of chicken are bred in different chicken room bodies, and different feeds are fed through the automatic feeding devices. Because the laying hens of different ages are fed with different feeds and have different laying rates, the laying hens of the same age are cultivated in one cultivation room body 1, and the laying hens of different ages are cultivated in different cultivation room bodies 1, so that the unified management is facilitated, the targeted cultivation is realized, and the laying rate is favorably improved.
Example 3-6 layer chicken breeding method with microclimate environment naturally regulated
The cultivation method of the present embodiment is the same as the cultivation method of embodiment 1, and the difference is only the control of relevant condition parameters, which is specifically shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
In summary, the principle of the chicken house in example 1 and the cultivation method in examples 2 to 6 and the advantages of open cultivation are as follows: the natural and ecological living environment of the laying hens is restored through an open breeding mode, the healthy living mode of the laying hens can be guaranteed, large-scale breeding can be realized, the laying rate and the laying quality of the laying hens are improved, and the laying duration is prolonged. Breed the room body 1 and set up in the underground, can guarantee to breed the temperature in the room body 1, the underground is bred, and the ground is ventilated, because the principle of steam upward movement, the temperature in the breed room body 1 is higher for the temperature in the ventilation room body 2, consequently, the ammonia rises along with the air current upwards to the air current that gets into along with first window 2.2 is discharged by second window 4, and ventilation effect is good. Meanwhile, the ventilation duct 5 is located underground, has the advantages of being warm in winter and cool in summer, and is fused with the air flow entering the breeding room body 1 after the door 7 is opened, so that negative pressure is formed under the action of air pressure difference, the flowing and fusion of the air are accelerated, and the air entering the breeding room body 1 is prevented from being too cold or too hot. When the door 7 is closed, the air flow in the ventilation duct 5 is fused with the air flow in the culture room body 1, and the temperature in the culture room body 1 can be automatically regulated and controlled. The temperature in the room body 1 is bred in can automatic regulation and control to ventiduct 5, enables the room body 1 of breeding and external environment formation atmospheric pressure difference, with the exchange of outside air with the effect of negative pressure with higher speed, reduces the ammonia concentration in the room body of breeding 1, makes the living environment of laying hen be close to the environment under the natural state as far as possible, guarantees that laying hen's mood is comfortable, improves the resistance, reduces the production of disease, improves the laying rate and the quality of laying eggs, reduces the breed cost, improves and breeds the profit. Sunlight disinfection, guarantee the sunlight supply of laying hen, the movement track along with the east rising west of sun falls, set up eaves 43 and breed the room body 1 in proportion, guarantee that every layer of chicken on the chicken coop 15 can both be shone by sunlight, the time of shining neither can be too long, can guarantee necessary exposure time again, play disinfection's effect, sunlight shines and can also accelerate laying hen's metabolism, it is effectual to mend calcium, promote the production of egg, improve chicken's immunity, reduce the use of antibiotic, improve the laying rate, the quality of laying eggs, long duration of extension laying eggs. The open natural ecological breeding mode can reduce the use of other equipment, greatly reduce the consumption of electric quantity, save the breeding cost and improve the profit margin.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a natural regulation and control microclimate environment's laying hen room of raising chickens, includes a plurality of chicken coops bodies, this internal chicken coop and automatic feeding device, its characterized in that of all being equipped with of every chicken coop:
the chicken house body comprises a ventilation house body arranged on the ground and a cultivation house body arranged underground, a first window used for sunlight irradiation and ventilation and a second window used for airflow circulation are detachably arranged on the ventilation house body, the second window is positioned above the first window, an eaves extending outwards is fixedly arranged on the ventilation house body, and the length direction of the chicken house body is in an east-west direction;
the plurality of breeding houses are mutually communicated through an underground ventilation channel, a house door is arranged on each breeding house, and the chicken coop is arranged in each breeding house;
breed the below of the room body and be provided with excrement and urine collecting pit and hold the manure pit, still be equipped with the septic tank that is used for the fermentation of chicken manure to collect the chicken manure in the excrement and urine collecting pit through clear excrement equipment and hold in the manure pit, rethread hoisting device will hold the chicken manure in the manure extraction septic tank in the manure pit, be equipped with a plurality of fermentation check in the septic tank, a plurality of fermentation check communicate the setting in proper order through the valve, and the relief reduces in proper order, hoisting device's export and the highest fermentation check intercommunication of relief set firmly the waste fitting discharging who is used for taking the chicken manure after the fermentation out on the fermentation check that the relief is the lowest.
2. The laying hen chicken room for naturally regulating and controlling microclimate environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: be equipped with two slope formula pitched roofs on the ventilation room body, the one end and the ground fixed connection of first window on the ventilation room body, one end and two slope formula pitched roofs fixed connection, two slope formula pitched roofs are located to the second window, the junction of first window and two slope formula pitched roofs is located to the eave.
3. The laying hen chicken room for naturally regulating and controlling microclimate environment according to claim 2, characterized in that: the double-slope type pitched roof is provided with a slideway, the second window comprises a fixed window and a movable window arranged on the slideway, and the movable window is controlled to be opened or closed with the fixed window through a transmission device; the transmission device comprises a gear set arranged on the double-slope type pitched roof, a chain sleeved on the gear set and a motor used for driving the gear set to rotate, and the movable window is connected with the chain through a fixing block.
4. The laying hen chicken room with the microclimate environment naturally regulated according to claim 3, characterized in that: breed the height of the room body and be 5 ~ 7 meters, the height of first window is 1 ~ 2 meters, the width of eaves is 1 ~ 2 meters.
5. The laying hen chicken room with naturally regulated microclimate according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: a plurality of ventilation holes communicated with the outside are formed in the ventilation channel; the breeding house body leads to the ground through a slope, and the slope is a curve.
6. The laying hen chicken room for naturally regulating and controlling microclimate environment according to claim 5, characterized in that: six fermentation lattices are arranged.
7. The laying hen chicken room with the microclimate environment naturally regulated according to any one of claims 1-4 and 6, which is characterized in that: still include the compounding room body, the internal automatic compounding device that is equipped with in compounding room, automatic compounding device and automatic food device intercommunication of throwing.
8. A laying hen breeding method for naturally regulating microclimate environment, which is realized by a laying hen house for naturally regulating microclimate environment according to any one of claims 1-7, and is characterized in that:
(1) feeding space
The method comprises the following steps of arranging the coops in an underground breeding house body, feeding the coops through an automatic feeding device, wherein the feeding density is 8-12 chickens per square meter;
(2) feeding environment
In 3-4 months, the doors of the breeding house body are opened from 11 am to 3 pm, the doors are closed in the rest of time, the ventilation duct is opened all day long, the first window is closed all day long, the second window is opened from 11 am to 3 pm, and the rest of time is opened every 0.5-1 hour;
in months of 5-10, the first window is detached, the second window is opened all day long, the door of the breeding house body is opened all day long, the ventilation channel is opened all day long, so that negative pressure is formed between the airflow of the door and the airflow in the ventilation channel, the circulation speed is increased, and the temperature of external natural wind is regulated and controlled;
in 1-2 months and 11-12 months, the doors of the breeding house body are closed all day long, the ventilation channel is opened from 11 am to 3 pm, the rest time is closed, the first window is closed all day long, and the second window is opened every 0.5-1 hour;
(3) light management
When the weather is sunny, eaves on the house body are ventilated, and the illumination time of laying hens on each layer in the coop is ensured to be 1-2 hours;
(4) fecal management
The method comprises the steps that chicken manure in a manure collecting pool is cleaned once every 0.5-1 hour through manure cleaning equipment and is collected into a manure storage tank, the chicken manure in the manure storage tank is periodically pumped into a fermentation grid with the highest terrain, the chicken manure in the fermentation grid with the lowest terrain is pumped out through a sewage discharge device after being fermented for one year, then valves are sequentially opened, the chicken manure in the fermentation grid with the highest terrain sequentially flows into the fermentation grids with the low terrain, and after the fermentation grid with the highest terrain empties, new unfermented chicken manure pumped up by the manure storage tank is added and sequentially circulates.
9. The laying hen breeding method for naturally regulating microclimate environment according to claim 8, characterized in that: six fermentation lattices are arranged, and the chicken manure in the manure storage tank is pumped and placed into the fermentation lattice with the highest terrain once every two months.
10. The laying hen breeding method for naturally regulating microclimate environment according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: two adjacent chicken houses body sharing a compounding room body, set up two automatic mixing devices in a compounding room body, throw the edible device with two automations respectively and be connected, breed the laying hen of different chicken ages in the chicken houses body of difference, feed through throwing the edible device automatically and eat different fodder.
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