CN112449974A - Method for artificially promoting rapid forest establishment of young populus euphratica forest - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for artificially promoting quick forest establishment of young populus euphratica, which relates to the field of agriculture and comprises the following specific steps: selecting a planting field, wherein the soil of the planting field is fertile and loose sandy loam or light saline-alkali soil, excavating a plurality of deep planting holes by adopting an excavating device, and laying a nursery garden in the deep planting holes; after the seedlings grow into finished tree seedlings, transferring the cultivated finished tree seedlings to a nursery garden, and protecting the roots of the tree seedlings by using an auxiliary growth device; laying a plastic film on a nursery; irrigating the roots of the saplings regularly to enable the roots of the saplings and root soil to be completely infiltrated; can realize that when cultivating young populus diversifolia forest, a stable growth environment is provided for the sapling, so that the sapling can stably and rapidly grow in a mature period, the rhizome damage of the transplanted seedling is reduced, the death rate of the seedling is reduced, and the rapid forest establishment of the populus diversifolia is realized.

Description

Method for artificially promoting rapid forest establishment of young populus euphratica forest

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to a method for artificially promoting quick forest establishment of young populus euphratica forest.

Background

The natural desert vegetation is survived by surface water formed by rainwater, a water-containing layer is closely related to rainfall, the humidity is generally larger within one meter, woody, herbaceous, moss, strains and other organisms in the nature are basically survived by the surface water, and as the rainfall in the desert area is less than the evaporation capacity, rainwater on the surface of a lot of areas infiltrates and melts the lower part of a wet layer, and some areas can form a dry soil layer more than one meter. When surface water formed by rainwater cannot nourish formed vegetation, and the root systems of the vegetation cannot penetrate through a dry soil layer below the vegetation, and moisture of a wet layer below the dry soil layer cannot be absorbed, a large amount of vegetation can die. In the year, the vegetation is not blocked, the wind blows sand and flies to form a desert, and the long-term vicious circle seriously influences the environment.

It is cold, drought, salt, alkali and sand resistant and has very strong vitality when it is grown in desert. The populus euphratica grows and cannot die for thousands of years, dies and cannot fall down for thousands of years, and is not rotten for thousands of years. Populus diversifolia is the only arbor species growing in desert, is very precious and can be compared favorably with ginkgo trees called plant activated stones. It has been widely distributed in temperate and warm temperate regions in the western China, Xinjiang garage Qianfo, Gansu Dunhuang Carpenter ditch, Shanxi plain, etc.

The survival rate of cutting propagation of populus euphratica is low, so the afforestation tree species of populus euphratica mainly adopts seeding seedlings. Due to the developed and upright main roots and rare lateral roots of the populus diversifolia seedlings, the afforestation quality of the seedlings sowed in the arid desert area is poor and the afforestation survival rate is low. Meanwhile, the seedlings of the populus diversifolia are too dense, the added water and fertilizer cannot keep up, and part of the seedlings grow less.

The existing mode of transplanting populus diversifolia seedlings is a method for furrow planting in ridging land and transplanting populus diversifolia seedlings by means of inserting rods. The method for transplanting populus diversifolia seedlings in the ditch is carried out by means of ditching, time and labor are wasted, labor intensity is high, the method for transplanting populus diversifolia seedlings by means of inserting rods is carried out by transplanting the seedlings by the aid of inserting rods, roots of the populus diversifolia seedlings are easily exposed outside, the tree body loses water, maintenance and management of transplanted trees are lack of the tree body, and the survival rate of the transplanted populus diversifolia seedlings is easily influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

1. Technical problem to be solved

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for artificially promoting quick forest establishment of young populus euphratica, which can provide a stable growth environment for a sapling when the young populus euphratica is cultivated, so that the sapling can stably and quickly grow in a mature period, the rhizome damage of the transplanted sapling is reduced, the death rate of the sapling is reduced, and the quick forest establishment of the populus euphratica is realized.

2. Technical scheme

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

A method for artificially promoting rapid forestation of young populus euphratica comprises the following specific steps:

s1, selecting a planting field, digging a plurality of deep planting holes by using a digging device, and paving a nursery in the deep planting holes;

s2, after the seedlings grow into finished tree seedlings, transferring the cultivated finished tree seedlings to a nursery garden, and protecting the roots of the tree seedlings by using an auxiliary growth device;

s3, laying a plastic film on the nursery;

s4, irrigating the roots of the saplings regularly to enable the roots of the saplings and the root soil to be completely soaked;

further, the planting land in the step S1 is selected from a place which is ventilated and is beneficial to irrigation and drainage, and the soil is fertile and loose sandy loam or light saline-alkali soil.

Further, the frequency of regular irrigation in the step S4 is 2 times of irrigation all the year round, soil is loosened in time after irrigation or rain, 4 times of weeding are carried out every year, 1-2 times of topdressing are carried out, 2 times of thinning are carried out, and reasonable density is kept. And part of leaves at the lower part of the seedling are properly knocked off, so that the transparent ventilation is facilitated, the ground surface temperature is reduced, and the rust fungi are not provided with the opportunity to move.

Further, the nursery in the S1 step includes solid soil layer, it has supplementary growth device to peg graft in the solid soil layer, supplementary growth device intussuseption is filled with the culture layer, all laid the topsoil layer on culture layer and the solid soil layer, laid the gravel and sand aggregate between solid soil layer and the topsoil layer, through the nursery to the fixing of sapling with protect water, provide stable environment for the sapling grows.

Further, supplementary growth device is including transplanting the case, transplant the bottom of case and cut annular groove, fixedly connected with protecting film in the annular groove, a pair of mount has been placed to the incasement that transplants, it has a plurality of evenly distributed's spout to cut on the mount, sliding connection has the resource savings board in the spout, a pair of expansion tube of fixedly connected with on the transplantation case, the expansion tube runs through transplant the case and with mount fixed connection, the one end that the mount was kept away from to the expansion tube has been cup jointed and has been driped irrigation the pipe, fixedly connected with and drip irrigation pipe assorted position sleeve on the outer wall of transplantation case, position sleeve and drip irrigation pipe fixed connection, adjacent two transplant the case and pass through position sleeve and connect, protect the sapling root through supplementary growth device, the sapling root normal growth when guaranteeing to transplant earlier stage.

Further, the resource saving board includes the fibreboard, the equal fixedly connected with in both ends of fibreboard is from the degradation layer, from the solidification ball of a plurality of evenly distributed of fixedly connected with on the degradation layer, it has the microbial community to solidify the ball intussuseption, the cladding has the water-soluble membrane on the outer wall of solidification ball, from the degradation layer being made by vegetable fibre, the microorganism has been stored in the solidification ball, and to 1 watering back in the nursery, the microorganism in the solidification ball is activated and the nursery internal diffusion again to loosen the soil to the nursery.

Further, the plastic film has been laid to the upper surface on topsoil layer, the plastic film bonds with the top of transplanting the case, the plastic film includes a pair of sand prevention net, and is a pair of be connected with water-retaining film between the sand prevention net, the sand prevention net is gone up and is dug the through-hole that has a plurality of evenly distributed, reduces soil moisture evaporation through the plastic film.

Further, the step of transferring the cultivated finished seedlings to the transplanting area comprises the following steps: inserting the finished sapling into the transplanting box, clamping the sapling by using a pair of fixing frames, laying a culture layer in the transplanting box, communicating the culture layer on the soil fixing layer with the culture layer in the transplanting box, and finally laying a floating soil layer.

3. Advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

(1) the scheme can realize that a stable growth environment is provided for the seedlings when young populus diversifolia forests are cultivated, so that the seedlings can stably and quickly grow in a mature period, the rhizome damage of the transplanted seedlings is reduced, and the death rate of the seedlings is reduced, so that the rapid forest establishment of the populus diversifolia is realized.

(2) The frequency of the regular irrigation in the step S4 is 2 times of irrigation all the year round, soil is loosened in time after irrigation or rain, 4 times of weeding are carried out every year, 1-2 times of topdressing and 2 times of thinning are carried out, and reasonable density is kept. And part of leaves at the lower part of the seedling are properly knocked off, so that the transparent ventilation is facilitated, the ground surface temperature is reduced, and the rust fungi are not provided with the opportunity to move.

(3) The nursery in the step S1 comprises a soil fixing layer, an auxiliary growth device is inserted into the soil fixing layer in an inserted mode, a culture layer is filled in the auxiliary growth device, floating soil layers are paved on the culture layer and the soil fixing layer, sand aggregate is paved between the soil fixing layer and the floating soil layers, and the nursery fixes and retains water of the seedlings so as to provide a stable environment for the growth of the seedlings.

(4) Describe supplementary growth device including transplanting the case, the bottom of transplanting the case is excavated there is the annular groove, fixedly connected with protecting film in the annular groove transplants the incasement and has placed a pair of mount, it has a plurality of evenly distributed's spout to excavate on the mount, sliding connection has the resource savings board in the spout, transplant a pair of expansion tube of fixedly connected with on the case, the expansion tube runs through transplant the case and with mount fixed connection, the one end that the mount was kept away from to the expansion tube has cup jointed and has driped irrigation the pipe, fixedly connected with and the pipe assorted position sleeve pipe of driping irrigation on the outer wall of transplanting the case, position sleeve pipe and drip irrigation a tub fixed connection, two adjacent transplanting the case pass through the position sleeve union coupling, protect the sapling root through supplementary growth device, sapling root.

(5) The resource saving board comprises a fiberboard, wherein two ends of the fiberboard are fixedly connected with self-degradation layers, a plurality of uniformly distributed solidification balls are fixedly connected onto the self-degradation layers, the solidification balls are filled with microbial colonies, the outer walls of the solidification balls are coated with water-soluble films, the self-degradation layers are made of plant fibers, microbes are stored in the solidification balls, and after the nursery 1 is irrigated, the microbes in the solidification balls are activated and diffused in the nursery again to loosen the soil for the nursery.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the graft box of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cut away view of a nursery of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the microbial colony in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a top view of a plurality of nurseries of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the plastic film of the present invention.

The reference numbers in the figures illustrate:

1 nursery garden, 101 soil fixation layers, 102 culture layers, 103 floating soil layers, 104 sand aggregate, 2 transplanting boxes, 3 fixing frames, 4 resource storage plates, 401 fiber plates, 402 self-degradation layers, 403 solidification balls, 5 movable tubes, 6 drip irrigation tubes, 7 positioning sleeves, 8 plastic films, 801 sand prevention nets and 802 water retention films.

Detailed Description

The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any inventive work are within the scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "top/bottom", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "sleeved/connected," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., "connected," which may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

Example 1:

referring to fig. 1-6, a method for artificially promoting fast forestation of young populus euphratica forest comprises the following steps:

s1, selecting a planting field, selecting the planting field at a place which is ventilated and is beneficial to irrigation and drainage, wherein the soil is fertile loose sandy loam or light saline-alkali soil, excavating a plurality of deep planting holes by adopting an excavating device, paving a nursery 1 in the deep planting holes, the nursery 1 in the step S1 comprises a soil fixing layer 101, the soil fixing layer 101 is a soil layer which is not easy to run off, technicians in the field can use the prior appropriate means to reinforce the soil fixing layer, such as mounting reinforcing piles and the like, an auxiliary growth device is inserted in the soil fixing layer 101, the auxiliary growth device is filled with a culture layer 102, the culture layer 102 is composed of nutrient soil, both the culture layer 102 and the soil fixing layer 101 are paved with a floating soil layer 103, sandstone aggregate 104 is paved between the soil fixing layer 101 and the floating soil layer 103, fixing and water retaining are carried out on seedlings through the nursery 1, a stable environment is provided for the growth of the seedlings, the cultivation soil for the populus diversifolia is firstly improved by the nursery 1 when the populus diversifolia is paved, the stable growth environment is ensured, and the influence of local soil collapse and offset on the growth of the populus euphratica is prevented;

s2, after the seedlings grow into finished tree seedlings, transplanting the cultivated finished tree seedlings into a nursery garden 1, wherein the roots of the finished tree seedlings carry part of native soil, the roots of the tree seedlings are protected by an auxiliary growth device, the tree seedlings are placed between a pair of fixing frames 3 in a transplanting box 2 when the auxiliary growth device is installed, the gaps between the fixing frames 3 are filled with the native soil carried by the roots, and then a resource storage plate 4 with proper thickness is selected and clamped into the gaps between the end faces of the fixing frames 3; then, a culture layer 102 is laid in the transplanting box 2, so that the culture layer 102 on the soil consolidation layer 101 is communicated with the culture layer 102 in the transplanting box 2, and finally, a floating soil layer 103 is laid, so that the culture layers 102 inside and outside the transplanting box 2 are communicated;

s3, laying a plastic film 8 on the nursery garden 1, laying the plastic film 8 on the upper surface of the floating soil layer 103, adhering the plastic film 8 to the top end of the transplanting box 2, wherein the plastic film 8 comprises a pair of sand-proof nets 801, a water-retaining film 802 is connected between the pair of sand-proof nets 801, a plurality of through holes which are uniformly distributed are cut on the sand-proof nets 801, and the evaporation of soil moisture is reduced through the plastic film 8;

s4, irrigating the roots of the saplings regularly to enable the roots of the saplings and the root soil to be completely soaked;

the frequency of the regular irrigation in the step S4 is 2 times of irrigation all the year round, soil is loosened in time after irrigation or rain, 4 times of weeding are carried out every year, 1-2 times of topdressing and 2 times of thinning are carried out, and reasonable density is kept. And part of leaves at the lower part of the seedling are properly knocked off, so that the transparent ventilation is facilitated, the ground surface temperature is reduced, and the rust fungi are not provided with the opportunity to move.

Referring to fig. 2-5, the auxiliary growth device includes a transplanting box 2, an annular groove is cut at the bottom end of the transplanting box 2, the annular groove is located at the outer side of a fixed frame 3, a protective film is fixedly connected in the annular groove, a pair of fixed frames 3 are placed in the transplanting box 2, the space between the fixed frames 3 is filled with native soil carried by the root of a transplanted seedling, a plurality of uniformly distributed chutes are cut on the fixed frames 3, resource storage plates 4 are slidably connected in the chutes, a pair of movable tubes 5 are fixedly connected on the transplanting box 2 and can be pushed into drip irrigation tubes 6, the movable tubes 5 penetrate through the transplanting box 2 and are fixedly connected with the fixed frames 3, a technician can adjust the distance between the fixed frames 3 by pushing the movable tubes 5, a plurality of drip irrigation holes are cut at one end of the movable tubes 5 close to the fixed frames 3, the drip irrigation tubes 6 are sleeved at one end of the movable tubes, transplant fixedly connected with on the outer wall of case 2 and drip irrigation pipe 6 assorted position sleeve 7, position sleeve 7 with drip irrigation pipe 6 fixed connection, two adjacent transplanting cases 2 are connected through position sleeve 7, protect the sapling root through supplementary growing device, sapling root normal growth when guaranteeing to transplant earlier stages, adjacent two transplanting cases 2 drip irrigation between the pipe 6 and be connected with the electromagnetism three-way valve, the electromagnetism three-way valve is connected with external irrigation water supply system, irrigation water supply system is prior art.

Referring to fig. 2-4, the resource storing plate 4 includes a fiber plate 401, the fiber plate 401 is a hard fiber plate made of plant fiber material, the main material is bamboo fiber or wood dust, the two ends of the fiber plate 401 are fixedly connected with a self-degradation layer 402, the self-degradation layer 402 is a soft fiber plate made of plant fiber material, the main material is pulp, the fiber plate 401 and the self-degradation layer 402 are both rapidly degradable in soil, the self-degradation layer 402 is fixedly connected with a plurality of uniformly distributed solidified balls 403, the solidified balls 403 are filled with microbial colonies, the outer walls of the solidified balls 403 are coated with water-soluble films, after the nursery 1 is irrigated, the microbes in the solidified balls 403 are activated and then diffused in the nursery 1 to loosen the soil in the nursery 1, the trunk diameter of the tree is gradually enlarged during the growth of the tree, so that the resource storing plate 4 is gradually pushed out by the tree, the self-degradation layer 402 is degraded in the soil, during the growth of the tree seedlings, the degradation layer 402 in the culture layer 102 is gradually decomposed, so that the microorganisms in the solidified balls 403 are released into the culture layer 102, and the activity of soil microorganisms is improved, thereby improving the air permeability of the nursery 1.

Water is input into the drip irrigation pipe 6 and the movable pipe 5 in phase in the growing process of the sapling, so that water drips into the outer sides of the fixing frames 3, microbes on the outer sides of the fixing frames 3 are fast in propagation, microbes in soil between the pair of fixing frames 3 are slow in propagation, the degradation layers 402 in the culture layers 102 are degraded earlier than the degradation layers 402 in the fixing frames 3, the resource storage plates 4 are gradually pushed outwards in the growing process of the sapling, when the resource storage plates 4 are completely pushed out of the fixing frames 3 or the resource storage plates 4 are completely degraded, the roots and stems of the sapling in the pair of fixing frames 3 can be diffused into the culture layers 102, and along with the fact that the sapling is completely mature, the roots and stems penetrate through the protective film on the annular hole at the bottom end of the transplanting box 2 and are diffused into the soil fixation. Therefore, the seedlings are guaranteed to grow in the native soil environment firstly when being transplanted initially, roots of the seedlings are prevented from being damaged or diseased due to the change of the growing environment, when the roots and the stems grow to the sufficient strength, the resource storage plate 4 is degraded or pushed into the culture layer 102 by the roots and the stems, the roots and the stems expand in the culture layer 102 with sufficient nutrition and moisture, the roots and the stems enter the soil stabilization layer 101 with poor nutrition environment to continuously propagate when being completely mature, and finally the roots and the stems are diffused into the peripheral desert.

After the new populus diversifolia seedlings are transplanted, proper growing environments are provided for roots and stems of the new populus diversifolia seedlings in multiple stages of seedling growth, the roots and stems are not easily damaged when growing, the damage to the roots and the stems is reduced, the roots and the stems can quickly absorb nutrients to promote the growth of the seedlings, the seedlings can quickly mature, and the populus diversifolia seedlings are transplanted into multiple nursery gardens 1 in an integrated mode by the aid of the scheme, so that the populus diversifolia seedlings can quickly grow into populus diversifolia forests.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention; the scope of the invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical scope of the present invention by equivalent or modified solutions and modifications within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A method for artificially promoting rapid forest establishment of young populus euphratica forest is characterized by comprising the following steps: the specific method comprises the following steps:

s1, selecting a planting field, digging a plurality of deep planting holes by using a digging device, and paving a nursery (1) in the deep planting holes;

s2, after the seedlings grow into finished tree seedlings, transferring the cultivated finished tree seedlings into a nursery garden (1), and protecting the roots of the tree seedlings by using an auxiliary growth device;

s3, laying a plastic film (8) on the nursery garden (1);

and S4, irrigating the roots of the saplings regularly to enable the roots of the saplings and the root soil to be completely soaked.

2. The method for artificially promoting rapid forestation of young populus euphratica trees according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and S1, selecting a planting field in a ventilated place beneficial to irrigation and drainage, wherein the soil is fertile and loose sandy loam or light saline-alkali soil.

3. The method for artificially promoting rapid forestation of young populus euphratica trees according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the frequency of the regular irrigation in the step S4 is 2 times of irrigation all the year round, soil is loosened in time after irrigation or rain, 4 times of weeding are carried out every year, 1-2 times of topdressing and 2 times of thinning are carried out, and reasonable density is kept. And properly beating off partial leaves at the lower part of the seedling. Is beneficial to light transmission and ventilation, reduces the surface temperature and does not have the opportunity of moving rust fungi.

4. The method for artificially promoting rapid forestation of young populus euphratica trees according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the nursery garden (1) in the step S1 comprises a soil stabilization layer (101), an auxiliary growth device is inserted in the soil stabilization layer (101), a culture layer (102) is filled in the auxiliary growth device, both the culture layer (102) and the soil stabilization layer (101) are paved with a floating soil layer (103), and sand aggregate (104) is paved between the soil stabilization layer (101) and the floating soil layer (103).

5. The method for artificially promoting rapid forestation of young populus euphratica trees according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the auxiliary growth device comprises a transplanting box (2), the bottom end of the transplanting box (2) is provided with an annular groove, a protective film is fixedly connected in the annular groove, a pair of fixing frames (3) are arranged in the transplanting box (2), a plurality of sliding chutes which are evenly distributed are drilled on the fixing frame (3), the sliding chutes are connected with resource saving boards (4) in a sliding way, a pair of movable pipes (5) is fixedly connected on the transplanting box (2), the movable pipes (5) penetrate through the transplanting box (2) and are fixedly connected with the fixed frame (3), one end of the movable tube (5) far away from the fixed frame (3) is sleeved with a drip irrigation tube (6), the outer wall of the transplanting box (2) is fixedly connected with a positioning sleeve (7) matched with the drip irrigation pipe (6), the positioning sleeve (7) is fixedly connected with the drip irrigation pipe (6), and the two adjacent transplanting boxes (2) are connected through the positioning sleeve (7).

6. The method for artificially promoting rapid forestation of young populus euphratica trees according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: resource saving board (4) include fibreboard (401), the equal fixedly connected with in both ends of fibreboard (401) is from degradation layer (402), from degradation layer (402) go up a plurality of evenly distributed's of fixedly connected with solidification ball (403), it is filled with the microorganism fungus and falls to solidify ball (403) intussuseption, the cladding has the water-soluble membrane on the outer wall of solidification ball (403), from degradation layer (402) by plant fiber preparation.

7. The method for artificially promoting rapid forestation of young populus euphratica trees according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: plastic film (8) have been laid to the upper surface of laitance layer (103), plastic film (8) bond with the top of transplanting case (2), plastic film (8) are including a pair of sand prevention net (801), and are a pair of be connected with between sand prevention net (801) and protect water membrane (802), it has a plurality of evenly distributed's through-hole to cut on sand prevention net (801).

8. The method for artificially promoting rapid forestation of young populus euphratica trees according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the step of transferring the cultivated finished sapling to a transplanting area comprises the following steps: inserting the finished sapling into the transplanting box (2), clamping the sapling by using a pair of fixing frames (3), then laying a culture layer (102) in the transplanting box (2), communicating the culture layer (102) on the soil consolidation layer (101) with the culture layer (102) in the transplanting box (2), and finally laying a floating soil layer (103).

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