CN112426188B

CN112426188B - Medical scissors

Info

Publication number: CN112426188B
Application number: CN202011313694.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李春莲; 邓谊; 李妍; 兰玉
Original assignee: First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University
Current assignee: First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University
Priority date: 2020-11-20
Filing date: 2020-11-20
Publication date: 2021-09-17
Anticipated expiration: 2040-11-20
Also published as: CN112426188A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments. The medical scissors comprise a fixed arm and a driving arm hinged with the fixed arm, wherein the fixed arm is provided with a fixed blade, and the fixed arm and the driving arm are both provided with a holding ring; the fixed blade is provided with a groove, the fixed arm is connected with a movable arm in a sliding way and used for moving towards the direction of the driving arm, and the movable arm is provided with a movable blade; the device also comprises a limiting mechanism which moves along with the driving arm to the direction of the fixed arm to limit the line body extending into the groove and a linkage mechanism which moves along with the driving arm to the direction of the fixed arm to drive the movable blade to move along with the fixed blade. This scheme has mainly been solved current scissors and has been used for colluding the effect face that plays the line body and be the plane, and does not have the stop gear to the line body, leads to the problem that the line body dropped easily.

Description

Medical scissors

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments.

Background

At present, scissors are widely used in various medical procedures, such as thread cutting, gauze, bandage or for removing stitches, as common medical instruments.

In the actual use process, a patient needs to perform wound suture treatment after operation, and needs to perform stitch removal treatment after wound healing; at present, medical staff mainly hook up the line body through the end part of the scissors and then cut off the line body through the scissors; but the action face that the scissors were used for colluding the line body is the plane, and does not have the stop gear to the line body, leads to the line body to drop easily, needs the repetitive operation, has increaseed medical staff's the work degree of difficulty.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide medical scissors, which solve the problem that the existing scissors are easy to fall off due to the fact that the acting surface for hooking the wire body is a plane and no limiting mechanism for the wire body is arranged.

In order to achieve the above object, the basic scheme of the invention is as follows: a pair of medical scissors comprises a fixed arm and a driving arm hinged with the fixed arm, wherein the fixed arm is provided with a fixed blade, and the fixed arm and the driving arm are both provided with a holding ring; the fixed blade is provided with a groove, the fixed arm is connected with a movable arm in a sliding manner and used for moving towards the direction of the driving arm, and the movable arm is provided with a movable blade; the device also comprises a limiting mechanism which moves along with the driving arm to the direction of the fixed arm to limit the line body extending into the groove and a linkage mechanism which moves along with the driving arm to the direction of the fixed arm to drive the movable blade to move along with the fixed blade.

The advantages of the basic scheme are: according to the scheme, the line body on the body of the patient is hooked up and driven into the groove through the fixed arm, fingers of medical staff stretch into the holding ring, the driving arm is driven by the fingers to move towards the direction of the fixed arm, so that the line body in the groove is limited by the limiting mechanism, meanwhile, the movable blade is driven by the linkage mechanism to move towards the direction of the fixed blade, and the cutting of the line body is realized through the matching of the movable blade and the fixed blade; compare in current scissors, this scheme is cut out through the line body of stop gear to the spacing of the line body, again to the line body after spacing, has effectively avoided dropping of the line body, has avoided repetitive operation promptly, has reduced medical staff's the work degree of difficulty, has also guaranteed the effect of cutting out to the line body.

Furthermore, the limiting mechanism comprises a linkage part and a pressing part for pressing the wire body extending into the groove, the linkage part comprises an arc-shaped rack fixedly connected to the driving arm, an arc-shaped hole formed in the fixing arm and a cavity formed in the fixing arm, and the arc-shaped rack is in clearance fit with the arc-shaped hole; the cavity is communicated with the arc-shaped hole and the groove, a rotating shaft is rotatably connected in the cavity, and a first gear meshed with the arc-shaped rack is arranged on the rotating shaft; the pressing part rotates along with the rotating shaft to press the wire body extending into the groove.

Through the arrangement, the fingers of the medical staff extend into the holding ring, and the lower part of the driving arm is driven by the fingers to move towards the lower part of the fixed arm, so that the arc-shaped rack slides in the arc-shaped hole; the first gear is driven to rotate clockwise by the meshing of the arc-shaped rack and the first gear, and the rotating shaft is further driven to rotate clockwise; and then the pressing part is driven to compress the line body in the groove by rotation.

Furthermore, the compressing part comprises a round shaft which is rotatably connected in the cavity and two compressing racks which vertically slide in the cavity, a first torsion spring is arranged between the round shaft and the cavity, a second gear is arranged on the round shaft, the two compressing racks are positioned at two sides of the second gear, the two compressing racks are meshed with the second gear, and the moving directions of the two compressing racks are opposite; a steering wheel is rotationally connected in the cavity and is positioned above the pressing rack far away from the groove; the rotating shaft is wound and fixedly connected with a first thin rope, the free end of the first thin rope bypasses the steering wheel and is fixedly connected with the top of the pressing rack far away from the groove, and the other pressing rack is provided with a pressing block used for pressing the wire body extending into the groove.

Through the arrangement, the rotating shaft drives the right pressing rack to move upwards through the first thin rope, the right pressing rack drives the left pressing rack to move downwards through the second gear, and the first torsion spring deforms; the pressing rack on the left side drives the pressing block to move towards the groove; the compact heap continues the downward movement, compresses tightly the line body through the compact heap.

Further, the linkage mechanism comprises a linkage shaft rotatably connected in a cavity, an auxiliary groove and a guide groove, wherein the auxiliary groove and the guide groove are formed in the fixed arm; a side plate penetrating through the auxiliary groove is arranged on the linkage shaft and is in clearance fit with the auxiliary groove, and the side plate is positioned on the motion track of the arc-shaped rack; the movable arm penetrates through the guide groove and is fixedly connected with the linkage shaft, and the movable arm is in clearance fit with the guide groove.

Through the arrangement, during the movement of the arc-shaped rack, the arc-shaped rack extrudes the side block to rotate clockwise, so that the linkage shaft is driven to rotate clockwise, and the second torsion spring deforms; the linkage shaft drives the movable arm to move along the guide groove to the direction of the fixed arm, namely the movable blade moves to the direction of the fixed blade; when the two holding rings are abutted, the cutting of the line body is realized through the matching of the movable blade and the fixed blade.

Furthermore, the groove comprises a first inclined surface and a second inclined surface, the first inclined surface is positioned above the second inclined surface, and a limiting groove for a wire body to extend into is arranged on the second inclined surface; the bottom of the pressing block is provided with a third inclined surface which is used for being attached to the second inclined surface; and a positioning part which rotates along with the universal driving shaft to position the line body in the limiting groove is arranged in the cavity.

Through the arrangement, the wire body on the patient body is hooked up and driven into the groove through the fixed arm, so that the wire body is located on the second inclined plane and is located on the right of the limiting groove.

During the downward movement of the pressing block, the third inclined surface at the bottom of the pressing block pushes the wire body on the second inclined surface to move into the limiting groove, so that the preliminary limiting of the wire body is realized; during the rotation of the linkage shaft, the positioning part is driven by the linkage shaft to realize the positioning of the line body.

Furthermore, the positioning part comprises a guide cylinder fixedly connected in the cavity and positioning holes arranged at two sides of the limiting groove, a guide block is connected in the guide cylinder in a sliding manner, and a first spring is arranged between the guide block and the guide cylinder; positioning arms for clamping the line body in the limiting groove are hinged to two sides of the guide block, a second spring is arranged between each positioning arm and the guide block, and the positioning arms are in clearance fit with the positioning holes; and a second thin rope is wound and fixedly connected on the linkage shaft, and the free end of the second thin rope is fixedly connected with the guide block.

Through the arrangement, during the movement of the arc-shaped rack, the arc-shaped rack extrudes the side block to rotate clockwise, so that the linkage shaft is driven to rotate clockwise, and the second torsion spring deforms; the linkage shaft drives the guide block to move downwards in the guide cylinder through the second thin rope, so that the first spring is stretched; meanwhile, the linkage shaft drives the two positioning arms to move downwards, so that the two positioning arms rotate oppositely under the blocking action of the guide cylinder, and the second spring is compressed; two locating arms rotate in opposite directions and stretch into the locating hole, when two are held the circle and are offseted, realize the clamp to the limiting groove internal line body through two locating arms, realize the location to the line body promptly.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front cross-sectional view of an embodiment of medical shears of the present invention;

fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.

Detailed Description

The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:

reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the device comprises a fixing arm 1, a driving arm 2, a fixed blade 3, a holding ring 4, a groove 5, a second inclined surface 511, a limiting groove 512, a positioning hole 513, a movable arm 6, a movable blade 7, an arc-shaped rack 8, a cavity 9, a first gear 10, a pressing rack 11, a second gear 12, a steering wheel 13, a first string 14, a pressing block 15, a third inclined surface 1511, an auxiliary groove 16, a guide groove 17, a side plate 18, a guide cylinder 19, a guide block 20, a first spring 21, a positioning arm 22, a second spring 23, a second string 24, a first guide wheel 25 and a second guide wheel 26.

Examples

Substantially as shown in figures 1 and 2: the utility model provides a medical scissors, includes fixed arm 1 and the actuating arm 2 of 1 articulated with the fixed arm, the rigid coupling has fixed blade 3 on the left side wall of fixed arm 1, and the equal rigid coupling of the lower extreme of fixed arm 1 and the lower extreme of actuating arm 2 has the circle of gripping 4. The fixed blade 3 is provided with a groove 5, the fixed arm 1 is connected with a movable arm 6 which moves towards the direction of the driving arm 2 in a sliding way, and the right side wall of the movable arm 6 is fixedly connected with a movable blade 7.

The device also comprises a limiting mechanism which limits the wire body extending into the groove 5 along with the movement of the driving arm 2 towards the direction of the fixed arm 1 and a linkage mechanism which drives the movable blade 7 to move towards the direction of the fixed blade 3 along with the movement of the driving arm 2 towards the direction of the fixed arm 1. The limiting mechanism comprises a linkage part and a pressing part for pressing the wire body extending into the groove 5, the linkage part comprises an arc-shaped rack 8 fixedly connected to the driving arm 2, an arc-shaped hole formed in the fixing arm 1 and a cavity 9 formed in the fixing arm 1, and the arc-shaped rack 8 is in clearance fit with the arc-shaped hole; the cavity 9 is communicated with the arc-shaped hole and the groove 5, a rotating shaft is rotatably connected in the cavity 9, and a first gear 10 meshed with the arc-shaped rack 8 is fixedly connected on the rotating shaft; the pressing part rotates along with the rotating shaft to press the wire body extending into the groove 5, the pressing part comprises a round shaft connected in the chamber 9 in a rotating mode and two pressing racks 11 vertically sliding in the chamber 9, a first torsion spring is fixedly connected between the round shaft and the chamber 9, a second gear 12 is fixedly connected to the round shaft, the two pressing racks 11 are located on the left side and the right side of the second gear 12, the two pressing racks 11 are meshed with the second rack, and the moving directions of the two pressing racks 11 are opposite; a steering wheel 13 is rotatably connected in the chamber 9, and the steering wheel 13 is positioned above the right pressing rack 11; a first guide wheel 25 and a second guide wheel 26 are rotatably connected in the chamber 9; a first thin rope 14 is wound and fixedly connected on the rotating shaft, the free end of the first thin rope 14 bypasses the first guide wheel 25 and the steering wheel 13 and is fixedly connected with the top of the right pressing rack 11, and the upper bottom of the left pressing rack 11 is fixedly connected with a pressing block 15 used for pressing a wire body extending into the groove 5.

The linkage mechanism comprises a linkage shaft which is rotatably connected in the chamber 9, an auxiliary groove 16 and a guide groove 17 which are arranged on the fixing arm 1, the chamber 9 is communicated with the auxiliary groove 16 and the guide groove 17, and a second torsion spring is fixedly connected between the linkage shaft and the chamber 9; a side plate 18 penetrating through the auxiliary groove 16 is arranged on the linkage shaft, the side plate 18 is in clearance fit with the auxiliary groove 16, and the side plate 18 is positioned on the motion track of the arc-shaped rack 8; the bottom of the movable arm 6 passes through the guide groove 17 and is fixedly connected with the linkage shaft, and the movable arm 6 is in clearance fit with the guide groove 17.

The groove 5 comprises a first inclined surface and a second inclined surface 511, the first inclined surface is positioned above the second inclined surface 511, and the second inclined surface 511 is provided with a limiting groove 512 for a wire body to extend into; the bottom of the pressing block 15 is provided with a third inclined surface 1511 for being attached to the second inclined surface 511; a positioning part which is rotated along with the universal driving shaft and positions the line body in the limiting groove 512 is arranged in the cavity 9; the positioning part comprises a guide cylinder 19 fixedly connected in the chamber 9 and positioning holes 513 arranged at two sides of the limiting groove 512, a guide block 20 is connected in the guide cylinder 19 in a sliding way, and a first spring 21 is fixedly connected between the guide block 20 and the guide cylinder 19; two sides of the guide block 20 are hinged with positioning arms 22 used for clamping the wire body in the limiting groove 512, the lower parts of the positioning arms 22 are positioned in the guide cylinder 19, the lower parts of the positioning arms 22 are abutted against the inner wall of the guide cylinder 19, a second spring 23 is fixedly connected between the positioning arms 22 and the guide block 20, the positioning arms 22 are in clearance fit with the positioning holes 513, and the positioning holes 513 are positioned on the motion track of the positioning arms 22; a second string 24 is wound on the linkage shaft and fixedly connected, and the free end of the second string 24 bypasses a second guide wheel 26 and is fixedly connected with the guide block 20.

The specific implementation process is as follows:

the wire body on the patient body is hooked up and driven into the groove 5 through the fixing arm 1, so that the wire body is located on the second inclined plane 511 and is located on the right side of the limiting groove 512.

Fingers of medical staff extend into the holding ring 4, and the lower part of the driving arm 2 is driven by the fingers to move towards the lower part of the fixed arm 1, so that the arc-shaped rack 8 slides in the arc-shaped hole; the first gear 10 is driven to rotate clockwise by the meshing of the arc-shaped rack 8 and the first gear 10, so that the rotating shaft is driven to rotate clockwise, the rotating shaft drives the right pressing rack 11 to move upwards through the first thin rope 14, the right pressing rack 11 drives the left pressing rack 11 to move downwards through the second gear 12, and the first torsion spring deforms; the left pressing rack 11 drives the pressing block 15 to move towards the groove 5; the pressing block 15 continues to move downwards, and the third inclined surface 1511 at the bottom of the pressing block 15 pushes the wire body on the second inclined surface 511 to move into the limiting groove 512, so that preliminary limiting on the wire body is realized.

During the movement of the arc-shaped rack 8, the arc-shaped rack 8 extrudes the side block to rotate clockwise, so that the linkage shaft is driven to rotate clockwise, and the second torsion spring deforms; the linkage shaft drives the guide block 20 to move downwards in the guide cylinder 19 through the second string 24, so that the first spring 21 is stretched; meanwhile, the linkage shaft drives the two positioning arms 22 to move downwards, so that the two positioning arms 22 rotate oppositely under the blocking action of the guide cylinder 19, and the second spring 23 is compressed; the two positioning arms 22 rotate in opposite directions and extend into the positioning holes 513, and when the two holding rings 4 are abutted, the two positioning arms 22 clamp the wire body in the limiting groove 512, that is, the wire body is positioned.

During clockwise rotation of the linkage shaft, the linkage shaft can also drive the movable arm 6 to move towards the upper part of the fixed arm 1 along the guide groove 17, namely the movable blade 7 moves towards the fixed blade 3; when the two holding rings 4 are abutted, the cutting of the line body is realized through the matching of the movable blade 7 and the fixed blade 3; this scheme is passed through spacing groove 512 preliminary spacing to the line body to and through the clamp of two location arms 22 to the line body, realize the location to the line body through multiple mode, and then avoided dropping of the line body, avoided repetitive operation promptly, reduced medical staff's the work degree of difficulty, also guaranteed the effect of tailorring to the line body.

The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention and common general knowledge in the art of specific structures and/or features of the invention has not been set forth herein in any way. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.

Claims

1. A pair of medical scissors comprises a fixed arm and a driving arm hinged with the fixed arm, wherein the fixed arm is provided with a fixed blade, and the fixed arm and the driving arm are both provided with a holding ring; the method is characterized in that: the fixed blade is provided with a groove, the fixed arm is connected with a movable arm in a sliding manner and used for moving towards the direction of the driving arm, and the movable arm is provided with a movable blade; the limiting mechanism limits the line body extending into the groove along with the movement of the driving arm towards the fixed arm direction, and the linkage mechanism drives the movable blade to move towards the fixed blade along with the movement of the driving arm towards the fixed arm direction; the limiting mechanism comprises a linkage part and a pressing part for pressing the wire body extending into the groove, the linkage part comprises an arc-shaped rack fixedly connected to the driving arm, an arc-shaped hole formed in the fixing arm and a cavity formed in the fixing arm, and the arc-shaped rack is in clearance fit with the arc-shaped hole; the cavity is communicated with the arc-shaped hole and the groove, a rotating shaft is rotatably connected in the cavity, and a first gear meshed with the arc-shaped rack is arranged on the rotating shaft; the pressing part rotates along with the rotating shaft to press the wire body extending into the groove; the linkage mechanism comprises a linkage shaft rotatably connected in a cavity, an auxiliary groove and a guide groove, wherein the auxiliary groove and the guide groove are formed in the fixed arm; a side plate penetrating through the auxiliary groove is arranged on the linkage shaft and is in clearance fit with the auxiliary groove, and the side plate is positioned on the motion track of the arc-shaped rack; the movable arm penetrates through the guide groove and is fixedly connected with the linkage shaft, and the movable arm is in clearance fit with the guide groove.

2. Medical scissors according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pressing part comprises a round shaft which is rotatably connected in the cavity and two pressing racks which vertically slide in the cavity, a first torsion spring is arranged between the round shaft and the cavity, a second gear is arranged on the round shaft, the two pressing racks are positioned on two sides of the second gear, the two pressing racks are meshed with the second gear, and the moving directions of the two pressing racks are opposite; a steering wheel is rotationally connected in the cavity and is positioned above the pressing rack far away from the groove; the rotating shaft is wound and fixedly connected with a first thin rope, the free end of the first thin rope bypasses the steering wheel and is fixedly connected with the top of the pressing rack far away from the groove, and the other pressing rack is provided with a pressing block used for pressing the wire body extending into the groove.

3. Medical scissors according to claim 2, characterized in that: the groove comprises a first inclined plane and a second inclined plane, the first inclined plane is positioned above the second inclined plane, and a limiting groove for a wire body to stretch into is formed in the second inclined plane; the bottom of the pressing block is provided with a third inclined surface which is used for being attached to the second inclined surface; and a positioning part which rotates along with the universal driving shaft to position the line body in the limiting groove is arranged in the cavity.

4. Medical scissors according to claim 3, characterized in that: the positioning part comprises a guide cylinder fixedly connected in the cavity and positioning holes arranged at two sides of the limiting groove, a guide block is connected in the guide cylinder in a sliding manner, and a first spring is arranged between the guide block and the guide cylinder; positioning arms for clamping the line body in the limiting groove are hinged to two sides of the guide block and abut against the inner wall of the guide cylinder, a second spring is arranged between each positioning arm and the guide block, and the positioning arms are in clearance fit with the positioning holes; and a second thin rope is wound and fixedly connected on the linkage shaft, and the free end of the second thin rope is fixedly connected with the guide block.