CN112415927A - Monitoring system for photoelectric gap of point switch - Google Patents
Monitoring system for photoelectric gap of point switch Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a switch machine photoelectric gap monitoring system, which comprises: the system comprises a notch displacement sensor, a monitoring and analyzing device, a data processing and analyzing device and a communication module; the monitoring and analyzing device is connected with the notch displacement sensor through the communication server and is used for acquiring the notch displacement value, acquiring real-time monitoring data of the switch machine notch and transmitting the real-time monitoring data to the data processing and analyzing device; the data processing and analyzing device comprises a processing and analyzing module and a data display and alarm module; the communication module is used for connecting the notch displacement sensor, the monitoring and analyzing device and the data processing and analyzing device. The invention has the beneficial effects that: aiming at the problem that the gap displacement of the point switch can not be measured on line in real time, the invention discloses a set of photoelectric gap monitoring and analyzing system by utilizing advanced sensors, microprocessors and software processing and storing technologies, can realize non-contact gap monitoring on the existing electric and electrohydraulic point switches, and has high precision and quick response.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of network communication, in particular to a monitoring system for a switch machine photoelectric gap.
Background
The point switch is important signal basic equipment used for reliably switching the position of the turnout, changing the opening direction of the turnout, locking a turnout point rail and reflecting the position of the turnout, and can well ensure the driving safety, improve the transportation efficiency and improve the labor intensity of driving personnel;
however, the existing switch machine has the problem of inaccurate gap monitoring, and the train transfer error is probably caused.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a monitoring system of a switch machine photoelectric gap, which solves the problem of inaccurate gap detection.
A switch machine photoelectric gap monitoring system, comprising: the system comprises a notch displacement sensor, a monitoring and analyzing device, a data processing and analyzing device, a data display and alarm module and a communication module; wherein,
the notch displacement sensor is used for acquiring a real-time image of a point switch notch indicating rod marking line when a train passes through a point switch way and determining the displacement of the point switch notch;
the monitoring and analyzing device is connected with the notch displacement sensor through the communication server and is used for acquiring the notch displacement value, acquiring real-time monitoring data of the switch machine notch and transmitting the real-time monitoring data to the data processing and analyzing device;
the data processing and analyzing device comprises a processing and analyzing module and a data display and alarm module; wherein,
the processing and analyzing module is used for drawing a real-time data curve graph and acquiring a threshold value;
the data display alarm module is used for alarming abnormal monitoring data;
the communication module is used for connecting the notch displacement sensor, the monitoring and analyzing device, the data processing and analyzing device and the communication module.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the notch displacement sensor includes an acquisition module, a sensor device, and a single chip microcomputer; wherein,
the acquisition module is used for arranging monitoring equipment in a switch machine photoelectric gap, extracting image elements when the switch machine operates and determining the real-time condition of the switch machine photoelectric gap;
the sensor equipment is used for acquiring the signals of the image elements and transmitting the signals of the image elements to a DSP (digital signal processor) microcontroller of a single chip microcomputer;
the single chip microcomputer is embedded in the displacement sensor and used for receiving the signals of the image elements and calculating displacement data of the photoelectric gap of the switch machine.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the sensor device includes an LED illumination lamp, an optical lens, a linear array CCD image sensor, a protective lens, and a protective housing; wherein,
the sensor equipment is arranged above the indication rod of the switch machine notch and is used for acquiring photoelectric signals of the displacement of the switch machine notch; wherein,
the linear array CCD image sensor is arranged above the optical lens and transmits the image projected by the optical lens to the DSP microprocessor; wherein,
the LED illuminating lamps are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the linear array CCD image sensor to assist the linear array CCD image sensor to work normally;
the protective lens is mounted between the protective housing and the switch machine representative rod;
the LED illuminating lamp, the optical lens, the linear array CCD image sensor and the single chip microcomputer are all arranged in the protective shell;
the protective lens is a coated protective lens;
the switch machine indicates that the surface of the rod is plated with a chrome layer.
As an embodiment of the present invention, 2mm wide scribe lines are scribed on the indication rod, the optical lens projects the scribe lines onto the linear array CCD image sensor for imaging, and the linear array CCD image sensor determines displacement of the indication rod scribe lines according to the image; wherein,
the displacement of the indicator bar score line is indicative of a change in displacement of the switch machine gap;
the linear array CCD image sensor converts the displacement of the indicating rod into the change of the angular displacement of the light beam and generates photo-generated charges, and the photo-generated charges are transmitted to a single chip microcomputer for calculation to determine the photoelectric gap displacement of the point switch.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the monitoring and analyzing apparatus includes one or more monitoring slave units, and includes:
the monitoring extension set consists of an analog-digital converter, a DSP microcontroller, a network interface, a power supply, an operation control device and an OLED display screen; wherein,
the DSP microcontroller is connected with the analog-digital converter, the network interface, the power supply, the operation control equipment and the OLED display screen; wherein,
the analog-digital converter is connected with the notch displacement sensor and used for receiving the notch displacement data of the switch machine and transmitting the displacement data to the DSP micro-processing controller;
the network interface is used for carrying out communication among different monitoring extensions;
the operation control equipment is used for operating and controlling the DSP micro-processing controller and sending first instruction information to the DSP micro-processing controller;
and the DSP microprocessor is used for sending second instruction information to the analog-digital converter and receiving data and commands transmitted by the analog-digital converter, and displaying results and images on the OLED display screen through the commands.
As an embodiment of the invention, the data processing and analyzing device comprises a data processing and analyzing device and a data display and alarm module, wherein the data processing and analyzing device comprises a processing and analyzing module and a data display and alarm module; wherein,
the processing and analyzing module is used for receiving the monitoring data and transmitting the monitoring data to the big data center, and receiving data feedback information of the big data center to maintain the switch machine;
the data display alarm module is used for receiving the data feedback information, drawing a real-time curve graph, generating a data threshold value and judging whether the monitoring data is abnormal or not;
if the abnormal condition exists, triggering a preset alarm event; wherein,
judging whether the monitoring data is abnormal or not, comprising the following steps:
step 1: acquiring abnormal event characteristics, and generating an alarm event model through the following formula (1);
wherein Y denotes an abnormal event; y isiRepresenting the feature mining result of the ith abnormal event; deltaiA feature mining density function representing an ith exceptional event; i is 1, 2, 3, … … Y;
step 2: determining the authority threshold of the abnormal event according to the alarm event model and the real-time curve graph by the following formula (2):
wherein x isjA coordinate parameter representing a jth coordinate point of the real-time graph; theta represents the coordinate point of the real-time curve graph and the associated parameter of the abnormal event; gi，jA range parameter representing a jth coordinate point corresponding to the ith abnormal event; q (j) represents an expected coordinate parameter of a j coordinate point of the real-time graph; f (j) an abnormal threshold value representing the j coordinate point of the real-time graph; j ═ 1, 2, 3, … … m;
and step 3: according to the threshold authority, an abnormal alarm model is constructed through the following formula (3):
wherein K represents a boundary handling parameter of the monitoring data; n is1Representing a first authority decision power function; n is2Representing a second authority decision power function;
when H is more than or equal to 1, the abnormity is shown, and an alarm is triggered; when H < 1, no abnormality is indicated.
As an embodiment of the invention, the data processing and analyzing device comprises a processing and analyzing module and a data display and alarm module; wherein,
the processing and analyzing module is used for receiving the monitoring data and transmitting the monitoring data to the big data center, receiving data feedback information of the big data center and maintaining the point switch in time;
the data display alarm module is used for receiving the data feedback information, generating a real-time curve graph, generating a data threshold value and judging whether the monitoring data is abnormal or not;
if the abnormal condition exists, triggering a preset alarm event;
as an embodiment of the present invention, the data display alarm module includes:
a memory: the monitoring system is used for storing the real-time monitoring data, acquiring a monitoring database and sending the monitoring data to the monitoring analysis device and the gap displacement sensor through a communication module;
an alarm device: the alarm is used for alarming when the displacement of the switch machine displacement notch is abnormal; wherein,
setting an alarm triggering event according to the abnormal monitoring data threshold in the alarm;
an alarm system: the alarm system is connected with the user system and used for feeding back the abnormal information to the user system in time.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the communication module includes:
the data transmission device: the system is used for constructing a communication channel by utilizing twisted pair or optical fiber communication;
a connecting module: connecting the gap displacement sensor with a monitoring and analyzing device, a monitoring extension and a data processing and analyzing device by using a data transmission device; wherein,
the monitoring extension set can receive corresponding switch machine notch displacement acquired by the corresponding notch displacement sensor;
and the data processing and analyzing device receives and processes the real-time monitoring data monitored by the monitoring extension set in real time.
As an embodiment of the invention, the switch machine photoelectric monitoring system further comprises a pressure sensor, a liquid level sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and a current sensor; the switch machine comprises a pressure sensor, a liquid level sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and a current sensor, wherein the pressure sensor, the liquid level sensor, the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor and the current sensor are respectively used for collecting signals of switch machine conversion oil pressure or liquid level, temperature and humidity and motor working current in real time.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the linear array CCD image sensor converts the displacement of the indication rod into the change of the angular displacement of the light beam and generates photo-generated charges, and transmits the photo-generated charges to a single chip for calculation, so as to determine the displacement of the photoelectric gap of the switch machine, including:
s11, obtaining the beam angle displacement Z ═ w of the indicating rod1，w2，w3……wi]；
S12, calculating a displacement change function of the angular displacement of the light beam according to the formula (1):
wherein, wiIs a displacement change value representing the ith position point of the rod;
is the mean value of the variation of the displacement;
as a function of the difference between the ith displacement variation value and the mean displacement variation value, L (w)i) Is the ithA projection function of the corresponding beam angle of the location point; 1, 2, 3, … … n;
s13, calculating the photo-generated charge q caused by the ith displacement change value according to the formula (2)i：
Wherein, aiThe variation of the charge caused by the displacement variation value of the ith position point;
is the average value of the charge variation; beta is the photoelectric conversion coefficient;
s14, calculating a first displacement characteristic and a photo-generated charge through a formula (3), and calculating to obtain the displacement of the photoelectric gap of the switch machine:
wherein,
representing a photo-generated charge qiA difference function at different values of the change of the displacement representing the rod.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can carry out non-contact gap displacement monitoring on the existing electric and electrohydraulic point switch machine, has high precision and quick response, completes automatic analysis on the operation state of the turnout by real-time monitoring of the gap displacement and long-term accumulated big data, comprehensively evaluates the turnout gap and turnout action curve of the point switch machine by a system to obtain the conclusion of whether the industrial fault exists, whether the adjustment is proper, whether the conversion force is standard, whether the system is complete and the like, and guides the maintenance of the point switch machine.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation. In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides a switch machine optical electrical gap monitoring system, which can be used in a system for monitoring a switch machine optical electrical gap device.
The system composition diagram of the switch machine photoelectric gap monitoring system shown in the attached figure 1 is characterized by comprising a gap displacement sensor, a monitoring and analyzing device, a data processing and analyzing device and a communication module; the method comprises the following steps:
the notch displacement sensor is used for acquiring a real-time image of a point switch notch indicating rod marking line when a train passes through a turnout and a point switch to switch turnouts, and calculating, processing and acquiring the displacement of the point switch notch;
the monitoring and analyzing device is connected with the notch displacement sensor through the communication server and is used for acquiring the notch displacement value, acquiring and transmitting real-time monitoring data of the switch machine notch to the data processing and analyzing device;
the data processing and analyzing device comprises a processing and analyzing module and a data display alarm module, and is used for drawing a real-time data curve graph, acquiring a threshold value and alarming abnormal monitoring data;
the communication module is used for connecting the notch displacement sensor, the monitoring and analyzing device, the data processing and analyzing device and the communication module.
The principle of the invention is as follows: the monitoring and analyzing device is connected with the notch displacement sensor to acquire the notch displacement value and acquire and transmit the numerical value of the notch displacement, the linear array CCD image device sensor is used in the notch displacement sensor to acquire the displacement of a point switch indicating rod scribed line, a scribed line with the width of 2mm is scribed on the indicating rod, the scribed line is projected to the one-dimensional image sensor through the optical lens, and the single chip microcomputer acquires signals, processes and calculates the signals and transmits the signals to the detection extension set through a communication line.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the non-contact gap displacement monitoring is carried out on the existing electric and electrohydraulic point switch machine, the precision is high, the response is fast, the automatic analysis of the running state of the turnout is completed through the real-time monitoring of the gap displacement and the long-term accumulated big data, the comprehensive evaluation is carried out on the turnout gap and the turnout action curve of the point switch machine, the conclusion that whether the engineering damage exists, whether the adjustment is proper, whether the conversion force is standard, whether the system is complete and the like is obtained, and the maintenance of the point switch machine is guided.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the notch displacement sensor includes an acquisition module, a sensor device, and a single chip microcomputer; wherein,
the acquisition module is used for arranging monitoring equipment in a switch machine photoelectric gap, extracting image elements when the switch machine operates and determining the real-time condition of the switch machine photoelectric gap;
the sensor equipment is used for acquiring the signals of the image elements and transmitting the signals of the image elements to a DSP (digital signal processor) microcontroller of a single chip microcomputer;
the single chip microcomputer is embedded in the displacement sensor and used for receiving the signals of the image elements and calculating displacement data of the photoelectric gap of the switch machine.
The principle of the invention is as follows: the sensor device is a linear array CCD charge coupled device, the basic principle of imaging detection is that under the action of an optical system, the displacement of a measured object is converted into the change of the angular displacement of a light beam, the light beam irradiates on a light receiving surface of an image device, photo-generated charges are generated in pixels irradiated by light on a light receiving window surface, then the charges are transferred and transferred to an output circuit in a shifting way under the control of a driving pulse of the image device, the charge quantity is converted into voltage quantity through the output circuit to be output, and the voltage quantity is binarized and processed into square waves. The single chip timer counts the number of pixels of the image device covered by the high level of the square wave pulse signal, and the measured number of pixels is multiplied by the center distance of the pixels of the image device, so that the result is the measured size value within the error allowable range.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the linear array CCD charge coupled device is a high-precision one-dimensional image sensor and is used for transferring and shifting charges to an output circuit under the control of a driving pulse of an image device, converting the charge quantity into a voltage quantity through the output circuit and outputting the voltage quantity, and carrying out binarization processing on the voltage quantity into square waves. The method has the characteristics of small volume, high speed, high resolution, good stability, strong anti-interference performance, high sensitivity, small measurement error and the like, and is widely applied to the field of high-precision non-contact measurement and control.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the sensor device includes an LED illumination lamp, an optical lens, a linear array CCD image sensor, a protective lens, and a protective housing; wherein,
the sensor equipment is arranged above the indication rod of the switch machine notch and is used for acquiring photoelectric signals of the displacement of the switch machine notch; wherein,
the linear array CCD image sensor is arranged above the optical lens and transmits the image projected by the optical lens to the DSP microprocessor; wherein,
the LED illuminating lamps are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the linear array CCD image sensor to assist the linear array CCD image sensor to work normally;
the protective lens is mounted between the protective housing and the switch machine representative rod;
the LED illuminating lamp, the optical lens, the linear array CCD image sensor and the single chip microcomputer are all arranged in the protective shell;
the protective lens is a coated protective lens;
the switch machine indicates that the surface of the rod is plated with a chrome layer.
The principle of the invention is as follows: the LED illuminating lamp, the optical lens, the linear array CCD image sensor and the protective lens are assembled in the protective shell to form sensor equipment, collected information is transmitted to the single chip microcomputer to be processed and calculated, the LED illuminating lamp is installed on the single chip microcomputer and is controlled by a control system connected to the outside, and the LED illuminating lamp is used at night or under the condition that the visual field is unclear.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the switch machine photoelectric gap monitoring system is used for monitoring the displacement of a switch machine optical end gap, the LED illuminating lamp greatly avoids the interference condition caused by external environment factors, the protective lens causes circuit damage and deformation in the conditions of fog days, rain days, snow days and the like, and the anti-fog lens protects the imaging of the optical lens to images.
As an embodiment of the present invention, 2mm wide scribe lines are scribed on the indication rod, the optical lens projects the scribe lines onto the linear array CCD image sensor for imaging, and the linear array CCD image sensor determines displacement of the indication rod scribe lines according to the image; wherein,
the displacement of the indicator bar score line is indicative of a change in displacement of the switch machine gap;
the linear array CCD image sensor converts the displacement of the indicating rod into the change of the angular displacement of the light beam and generates photo-generated charges, and the photo-generated charges are transmitted to a single chip microcomputer for calculation to determine the photoelectric gap displacement of the point switch. The switch machine indicates that the surface of the rod is plated with a chrome layer. The chromium plated surface of the steel plate of the indicating rod inhibits light reflection and prevents external sunlight interference, and the light source of the invention adopts a special light source, and the lens is preferably a telecentric special lens.
The principle of the invention is as follows: the linear array CCD image device sensor as a photoelectric converter adopts integrated circuit process to arrange the photosensitive elements into a line, and carves them on the silicon chip, and the geometric dimension between the photosensitive elements is very accurate, and can obtain very high positioning accuracy for measurement, and the charge stored by the linear array CCD image device sensor can be output in a certain mode by matching with correspondent driving circuit, and can be easily calculated by computer to calculate the signal wave occupying photosensitive element number so as to calculate displacement.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the linear array CCD image sensor is a novel semiconductor large-scale integrated photoelectric device. The method is used for capturing and recording the image information of the gap displacement of the point switch, and has the advantages of small volume, low power consumption, stable working of an imaging technology, high resolution, high sensitivity, good reliability, good flexibility of video data processing by a computer and the like. The sensor is widely applied to the measurement industry.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the monitoring and analyzing apparatus includes one or more monitoring slave units, and includes:
the monitoring extension set consists of an analog-digital converter, a DSP microcontroller, a network interface, a power supply, an operation control device and an OLED display screen; wherein,
the DSP microcontroller is connected with the analog-digital converter, the network interface, the power supply, the operation control equipment and the OLED display screen; wherein,
the analog-digital converter is connected with the notch displacement sensor and used for receiving the notch displacement data of the switch machine and transmitting the displacement data to the DSP micro-processing controller;
the network interface is used for carrying out communication among different monitoring extensions;
the operation control equipment is used for operating and controlling the DSP micro-processing controller and sending first instruction information to the DSP micro-processing controller;
the DSP microprocessor is used for sending second instruction information to the analog-digital converter and receiving data and commands transmitted by the analog-digital converter, and displaying results and images on an OLED display screen through the commands;
the principle of the invention is as follows: the network interface is used for sending data, the carrier waves and the media indicated by the voltage are monitored through devices such as a network card, frame data sending is started when the media are not occupied by other stations, meanwhile, the communication media are monitored continuously to detect conflicts, the monitoring extension set is connected to an external control system through the corresponding network interface, and the external control system can control the corresponding monitoring extension set through different network interfaces and network media and send sequencing instructions.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the network interface is used for communication carrier waves in a switch machine gap displacement system, different corresponding modules are connected, communication is carried out, the cost is low, the processing speed is high, a monitoring system can process a plurality of monitoring extension sets simultaneously through a convenient and effective communication carrier wave hardware interface, the monitoring system can monitor a switch machine photoelectric gap in a multi-angle mode, the monitoring efficiency of the switch machine photoelectric displacement gap is improved, the cost is reduced, and the prior art basically adopts power carrier wave communication.
As an embodiment of the invention, the data processing and analyzing device comprises a data processing and analyzing device and a data display and alarm module, wherein the data processing and analyzing device comprises a processing and analyzing module and a data display and alarm module; wherein,
the processing and analyzing module is used for receiving the monitoring data and transmitting the monitoring data to the big data center, and receiving data feedback information of the big data center to maintain the switch machine;
the data display alarm module is used for receiving the data feedback information, drawing a real-time curve graph, generating a data threshold value and judging whether the monitoring data is abnormal or not;
if the abnormal condition exists, triggering a preset alarm event; wherein,
judging whether the monitoring data is abnormal or not, comprising the following steps:
step 1: acquiring abnormal event characteristics, and generating an alarm event model through the following formula (1);
wherein Y denotes an abnormal event; y isiRepresenting the feature mining result of the ith abnormal event; deltaiA feature mining density function representing an ith exceptional event; i is 1, 2, 3, … … Y;
step 2: determining the authority threshold of the abnormal event according to the alarm event model and the real-time curve graph by the following formula (2):
wherein x isjA coordinate parameter representing a jth coordinate point of the real-time graph; theta represents the coordinate point of the real-time curve graph and the associated parameter of the abnormal event; gi,jA range parameter representing a jth coordinate point corresponding to the ith abnormal event; q (j) represents an expected coordinate parameter of a j coordinate point of the real-time graph; f (j) an abnormal threshold value representing the j coordinate point of the real-time graph; j ═ 1, 2, 3, … … m;
and step 3: according to the threshold authority, an abnormal alarm model is constructed through the following formula (3):
wherein K represents a boundary handling parameter of the monitoring data; n is1Representing a first authority decision power function; n is2Representing a second authority decision power function;
when H is more than or equal to 1, the abnormity is shown, and an alarm is triggered; when H < 1, no abnormality is indicated.
The principle of the invention is as follows: the real-time data is stored in the data processing module to form historical data, the equipment serial number, the parameter name, the time period and the like can be selected for data retrieval, a historical data curve expanded according to a time axis is drawn, and the overhaul basis is obtained by combining various factor parameters through the change of the data. The state data of the switch machine sent by the monitoring extension set is received through the communication concentrator, the state is displayed in real time, and the abnormal data provides an alarm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: and the data processing and analyzing device is used for communicating with a carrier wave, connecting different corresponding modules of the switch machine photoelectric gap displacement test, communicating, processing data monitored by the gap displacement of the whole switch machine in real time, drawing a real-time curve for information change conditions, and integrating the data into a large monitoring data system, so that the real-time analysis of the application condition of the switch machine is realized, and reliable data are provided for fault processing and switch machine maintenance.
As an embodiment of the invention, the data processing and analyzing device comprises a processing and analyzing module and a data display and alarm module; wherein,
the processing and analyzing module is used for receiving the monitoring data and transmitting the monitoring data to the big data center, and receiving data feedback information of the big data center to maintain the switch machine;
the data display alarm module is used for receiving the data feedback information, generating a real-time curve graph, generating a data threshold value and judging whether the monitoring data is abnormal or not;
and if the abnormal condition exists, triggering a preset alarm event.
The principle of the invention is as follows: the method comprises the steps of forming historical data by using a processing and analyzing device, drawing a historical data curve expanded according to a time axis, obtaining maintenance basis by combining various factor parameters through the change of the data, setting a threshold value according to the maintenance data, setting a trigger event, and giving an alarm to abnormal data.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: through network communication, the data of goat breach displacement is transmitted in real time, and the data center is uploaded to the collection center with measured data upload, shows real-time data and reports to the police to the abnormal conditions, utilizes intelligent comprehensive data analysis technique, combines the big data of signal centralized monitoring platform, realizes comprehensive analysis, the early warning of switch application state, lets the operation of whole goat photoelectric monitoring system reliable, and is high-efficient, has reduced the human cost.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the data display alarm module includes:
a memory: the monitoring system is used for storing the real-time monitoring data, acquiring a monitoring database and sending the monitoring data to the monitoring analysis device and the gap displacement sensor through a communication module;
an alarm device: an alarm triggering event in the alarm; according to the abnormal monitoring data threshold value, alarming is carried out when the displacement of the switch machine displacement notch is abnormal;
an alarm system: the alarm system is connected with the user system and used for feeding back the abnormal information to the user system in time.
The principle and the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the photoelectric monitoring system for the gap position of the switch machine is divided into a data transmission device, a connection module, a monitoring extension set and a data processing and analyzing device which are connected through a communication module, the communication module mainly utilizes a network interface and a communication medium, the communication medium utilizes twisted pair wire or optical fiber communication, set equipment information is accessed through a tcp/ip protocol, a communication channel is established, the receiving, processing and storing of the data collected by the collection extension set of the switch machine are realized, a user can manage the whole photoelectric monitoring system for the gap position of the switch machine conveniently, and a high-efficiency and low-cost management mode is realized.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the communication module includes:
the data transmission device: the system is used for constructing a communication channel by utilizing twisted pair or optical fiber communication;
a connecting module: connecting the gap displacement sensor with a monitoring and analyzing device, a monitoring extension and a data processing and analyzing device by using a data transmission device; wherein,
the monitoring extension set can receive corresponding switch machine notch displacement acquired by the corresponding notch displacement sensor;
the data processing and analyzing device can receive and process real-time monitoring data monitored by the monitoring extension set in real time.
The principle and the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the switch machine conversion oil pressure, liquid level, motor operating current, humiture, breach displacement sensor's signal is gathered in real time, the conversion is handled the demonstration, and mass storage can save the data of 15 days recently to can break up the follow-up historical data that pass of restoration in the communication, send information to the signal through communication module and concentrate the collection unit, send information to handheld terminal through bluetooth module, and in time feed back through alarm and alarm system abnormal data that the switch machine monitored and warning alarm, generate maintenance data, improve user's maintenance efficiency.
As an embodiment of the invention, the switch machine photoelectric monitoring system is further provided with a pressure sensor, a liquid level sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and a current sensor; the pressure sensor, the liquid level sensor, the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor and the current sensor are respectively used for collecting the number of the switch machine conversion oil pressure or liquid level, the temperature and humidity and the motor working current in real time.
The principle and the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: in the monitoring device for the gap displacement of the point switch, the sensor monitoring device enriches monitoring items, including gaps, motor working current, case environment temperature and humidity and the like, aiming at the problem that the gaps of the point switch can not be measured on line in real time, and by using advanced sensors, microprocessors and software processing and storing technologies, a set of photoelectric gap monitoring and analyzing system is invented, so that the non-contact gap monitoring of the existing electric and electrohydraulic point switch can be realized, the precision is high, the response is fast, the automatic analysis of the running state of a point switch is completed by drawing the gap curve in real time and accumulating large data for a long time, the system comprehensive evaluation is carried out on the gap and the action curve of the point switch, and the conclusion that whether the work fault exists, whether the adjustment is proper, whether the conversion force is standard, whether the system is complete and the like is obtained.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the linear array CCD image sensor converts the displacement of the indication rod into the change of the angular displacement of the light beam and generates photo-generated charges, and transmits the photo-generated charges to a single chip for calculation, so as to determine the displacement of the photoelectric gap of the switch machine, including:
s11, obtaining the beam angle displacement Z ═ w of the indicating rod1，w2，w3……wi]；
S12, calculating a displacement change function of the angular displacement of the light beam according to the formula (1):
wherein, wiIs a displacement change value representing the ith position point of the rod;
is the mean value of the variation of the displacement;
as a function of the difference between the ith displacement variation value and the mean displacement variation value, L (w)i) A projection function of the corresponding beam angle for the ith location point; 1, 2, 3, … … n;
s13, calculating the photo-generated charge q caused by the ith displacement change value according to the formula (2)i：
Wherein, aiThe variation of the charge caused by the displacement variation value of the ith position point;
is the average value of the charge variation; beta is the photoelectric conversion coefficient;
s14, calculating a first displacement characteristic and a photo-generated charge through a formula (3), and calculating to obtain the displacement of the photoelectric gap of the switch machine:
wherein,
representing a photo-generated charge qiThe principle of the invention in the case of a difference function representing different values of the change in the displacement of the rod is: calculating a displacement change function under the displacement of the light beam angle through the change of the light beam angle, calculating to obtain a specific displacement value according to the displacement change function and the photo-generated charges, and realizing the calculation process by a microprocessor on a single chip microcomputerThe photogenerated charges of the displacement of the gap are output to the single chip microcomputer in a voltage form by collecting the charges under the displacement change for many times, and the single chip microcomputer processes the charges into voltage signal pulses and sends the voltage signal pulses to the digital-to-analog converter. The displacement distance is determined by the photo-generated charge, and the quantity of the photo-generated charge also represents the quantity of the displacement when the displacement is monitored, so that the displacement is determined by the photo-generated charge more accurately compared with other technologies.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the device has the advantages of low cost, small device, high efficiency, avoiding of manual measurement and reduction of labor cost, simple principle of the photoproduction coupler, simple operability, high stability, capability of realizing non-contact gap monitoring of the existing electric and electrohydraulic point switches, high precision and quick response.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. A switch machine photoelectric gap monitoring system, comprising: the system comprises a notch displacement sensor, a monitoring and analyzing device, a data processing and analyzing device, a data display and alarm module and a communication module; wherein,
the notch displacement sensor is used for acquiring a real-time image of a point switch notch indicating rod marking line when a train passes through a point switch way and determining the displacement of the point switch notch;
the monitoring and analyzing device is connected with the notch displacement sensor through the communication server and is used for acquiring the notch displacement value, acquiring real-time monitoring data of the switch machine notch and transmitting the real-time monitoring data to the data processing and analyzing device;
the data processing and analyzing device comprises a processing and analyzing module and a data display and alarm module; wherein,
the processing and analyzing module is used for drawing a real-time data curve graph and acquiring a threshold value;
the data display alarm module is used for alarming abnormal monitoring data;
the communication module is used for connecting the notch displacement sensor, the monitoring and analyzing device, the data processing and analyzing device and the communication module.
2. A switch machine photoelectric gap monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that the gap displacement sensor comprises an acquisition module, a sensor device and a single chip microcomputer; wherein,
the acquisition module is used for arranging monitoring equipment in a switch machine photoelectric gap, extracting image elements when the switch machine operates and determining the real-time condition of the switch machine photoelectric gap;
the sensor equipment is used for acquiring the signals of the image elements and transmitting the signals of the image elements to a DSP (digital signal processor) microcontroller of a single chip microcomputer;
the single chip microcomputer is embedded in the displacement sensor and used for receiving the signals of the image elements and calculating displacement data of the photoelectric gap of the switch machine.
3. A switch machine photoelectric gap monitoring system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the sensor device comprises an LED lighting lamp, an optical lens, a line CCD image sensor, a protective lens and a protective casing; wherein,
the sensor equipment is arranged above the indication rod of the switch machine notch and is used for acquiring photoelectric signals of the displacement of the switch machine notch; wherein,
the linear array CCD image sensor is arranged above the optical lens and transmits the image projected by the optical lens to the DSP microprocessor; wherein,
the LED illuminating lamps are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the linear array CCD image sensor to assist the linear array CCD image sensor to work normally;
the protective lens is mounted between the protective housing and the switch machine representative rod;
the LED illuminating lamp, the optical lens, the linear array CCD image sensor and the single chip microcomputer are all arranged in the protective shell;
the protective lens is a coated protective lens;
the switch machine indicates that the surface of the rod is plated with a chrome layer.
4. A switch machine optical gap monitoring system as claimed in claim 2, comprising:
a 2mm wide reticle is carved on the representing rod, the reticle is projected to the linear array CCD image sensor by the optical lens for imaging, and the linear array CCD image sensor determines the displacement of the representing rod reticle according to the image; wherein,
the displacement of the indicator bar score line is indicative of a change in displacement of the switch machine gap;
the linear array CCD image sensor converts the displacement of the indicating rod into the change of the angular displacement of the light beam and generates photo-generated charges, and the photo-generated charges are transmitted to a single chip microcomputer for calculation to determine the photoelectric gap displacement of the point switch.
5. A switch machine optical gap monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said monitoring and analyzing means comprises more than one monitoring extension:
the monitoring extension set consists of an analog-digital converter, a DSP microcontroller, a network interface, a power supply, an operation control device and an OLED display screen; wherein,
the DSP microcontroller is connected with the analog-digital converter, the network interface, the power supply, the operation control equipment and the OLED display screen; wherein,
the analog-digital converter is connected with the notch displacement sensor and used for receiving the notch displacement data of the switch machine and transmitting the displacement data to the DSP micro-processing controller;
the network interface is used for carrying out communication among different monitoring extensions;
the operation control equipment is used for operating and controlling the DSP micro-processing controller and sending first instruction information to the DSP micro-processing controller;
and the DSP microprocessor is used for sending second instruction information to the analog-digital converter, receiving a data command transmitted by the analog-digital converter and displaying a result and an image on the OLED display screen.
6. A switch machine photoelectric gap monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said data processing and analyzing device comprises a processing and analyzing module and a data display alarm module; wherein,
the processing and analyzing module is used for receiving the monitoring data and transmitting the monitoring data to a big data center, receiving data feedback information of the big data center and maintaining the point switch according to the data feedback information;
the data display alarm module is used for receiving the data feedback information and drawing a real-time curve graph by taking time as a horizontal axis;
generating a data threshold value according to the real-time curve graph, and judging whether the monitoring data is abnormal or not;
if the abnormal condition exists, triggering a preset alarm event; wherein,
judging whether the monitoring data is abnormal or not, comprising the following steps:
step 1: acquiring abnormal event characteristics, and generating an alarm event model through the following formula (1);
wherein Y represents an abnormal event; y isiRepresenting the feature mining result of the ith abnormal event; deltaiA feature mining density function representing an ith exceptional event; i is 1, 2, 3, … … Y;
step 2: determining the authority threshold of the abnormal event according to the alarm event model and the real-time curve graph by the following formula (2):
wherein x isjA coordinate parameter representing a jth coordinate point of the real-time graph; theta represents the coordinate point of the real-time curve graph and the associated parameter of the abnormal event; gi,jA range parameter representing a jth coordinate point corresponding to the ith abnormal event; q (j) represents an expected coordinate parameter of a j coordinate point of the real-time graph; f (j) an abnormal threshold value representing the j coordinate point of the real-time graph; j ═ 1, 2, 3, … … m;
and step 3: according to the threshold authority, an abnormal alarm model is constructed through the following formula (3):
wherein K represents a boundary handling parameter of the monitoring data; n is1Representing a first authority decision power function; n is2Representing a second authority decision power function;
when H is more than or equal to 1, the abnormity is shown, and an alarm is triggered; when H < 1, no abnormality is indicated.
7. A switch machine photoelectric gap monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the data display alarm module comprises:
a memory: the monitoring system is used for storing the real-time monitoring data, acquiring a monitoring database and sending the monitoring data to the monitoring analysis device and the gap displacement sensor through a communication module;
an alarm device: the alarm is used for alarming when the displacement of the switch machine displacement notch is abnormal; according to the abnormal monitoring data threshold value, an alarm triggering event is arranged in the alarm;
an alarm system: the alarm system is connected with the user system and used for feeding back abnormal information to the user system.
8. A switch machine optical gap monitoring system as claimed in claim 6, wherein said communication module comprises:
the data transmission device: the system is used for constructing a communication channel by utilizing twisted pair or optical fiber communication;
a connecting module: connecting the gap displacement sensor with a monitoring and analyzing device, a monitoring extension and a data processing and analyzing device by using a data transmission device; wherein,
the monitoring extension set can receive corresponding switch machine notch displacement acquired by the corresponding notch displacement sensor;
and the data processing and analyzing device receives and processes the real-time monitoring data monitored by the monitoring extension set in real time.
9. A switch machine photoelectric gap monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising: a pressure sensor, a liquid level sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and a current sensor; wherein,
the pressure sensor, the liquid level sensor, the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor and the current sensor are respectively used for collecting working signals of switch machine conversion oil pressure or liquid level, temperature and humidity and motor working current in real time, and whether abnormity occurs or not is judged through the data display alarm module, and an alarm is given.
10. The switch machine photoelectric gap monitoring system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the linear array CCD image sensor is used for converting the displacement transformation of the indication rod into the change of the angular displacement of the light beam and generating photo-generated charges, and transmitting the photo-generated charges to a single chip microcomputer for calculation to determine the switch machine photoelectric gap displacement, and the method comprises the following steps:
s11, obtaining the beam angle displacement Z ═ w of the indicating rod1，w2，w3……wi]；
S12, calculating a displacement change function of the angular displacement of the light beam according to the formula (1):
wherein, wiIs a displacement change value representing the ith position point of the rod;
is the mean value of the variation of the displacement;
as a function of the difference between the ith displacement variation value and the mean displacement variation value, L (w)i) A projection function of the corresponding beam angle for the ith location point; 1, 2, 3, … … n;
s13, calculating the photo-generated charge q caused by the ith displacement change value according to the formula (2)i：
Wherein, aiThe variation of the charge caused by the displacement variation value of the ith position point;
is the average value of the charge variation; beta is the photoelectric conversion coefficient;
s14, calculating a first displacement characteristic and a photo-generated charge through a formula (3), and calculating to obtain the displacement of the photoelectric gap of the switch machine:
wherein,
representing a photo-generated charge qiA difference function at different values of the change of the displacement representing the rod.
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