CN112413080A - A gearbox and agricultural machinery - Google Patents

A gearbox and agricultural machinery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112413080A
CN112413080A CN202011230790.4A CN202011230790A CN112413080A CN 112413080 A CN112413080 A CN 112413080A CN 202011230790 A CN202011230790 A CN 202011230790A CN 112413080 A CN112413080 A CN 112413080A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
gear
teeth
shaft
speed
rear drive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202011230790.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈震霖
周志
李靖
蒋艳铼
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Changsha Sanglaite Agricultural Mechanical Equipment Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Changsha Sanglaite Agricultural Mechanical Equipment Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Changsha Sanglaite Agricultural Mechanical Equipment Co Ltd filed Critical Changsha Sanglaite Agricultural Mechanical Equipment Co Ltd
Priority to CN202011230790.4A priority Critical patent/CN112413080A/en
Publication of CN112413080A publication Critical patent/CN112413080A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/0806—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with a plurality of driving or driven shafts
    • F16H37/0813—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with a plurality of driving or driven shafts with only one input shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/34—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles
    • B60K17/344—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having a transfer gear
    • B60K17/346—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having a transfer gear the transfer gear being a differential gear
    • B60K17/3467—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having a transfer gear the transfer gear being a differential gear combined with a change speed gearing, e.g. range gear
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/38—Constructional details
    • F16H48/40—Constructional details characterised by features of the rotating cases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/023—Mounting or installation of gears or shafts in the gearboxes, e.g. methods or means for assembly
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/037—Gearboxes for accommodating differential gearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/038—Gearboxes for accommodating bevel gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H2057/02039—Gearboxes for particular applications
    • F16H2057/02043—Gearboxes for particular applications for vehicle transmissions
    • F16H2057/02052—Axle units; Transfer casings for four wheel drive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H2057/02039—Gearboxes for particular applications
    • F16H2057/02043—Gearboxes for particular applications for vehicle transmissions
    • F16H2057/02056—Gearboxes for particular applications for vehicle transmissions for utility vehicles, e.g. tractors or agricultural machines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
    • F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
    • F16H2063/3093—Final output elements, i.e. the final elements to establish gear ratio, e.g. coupling sleeves or other means establishing coupling to shaft

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides agricultural machinery and a gearbox thereof, wherein the gearbox comprises a box body, a first shaft and a second shaft which are arranged in the box body, and the first shaft and the second shaft are arranged in parallel; the first shaft is sequentially provided with a triple gear, a fourth gear fixing gear, a third gear fixing gear, a second gear fixing gear and a first gear fixing gear; the four-gear duplex teeth, the three-gear duplex teeth, the two-gear duplex teeth and the one-gear duplex teeth are sequentially arranged on the second shaft, and are respectively meshed with the four-gear fixed teeth, the three-gear fixed teeth, the two-gear duplex teeth and the one-gear duplex teeth; one end of the two shafts is also provided with a bevel gear shaft, auxiliary speed change teeth are fixedly arranged on the bevel gear shaft, auxiliary sliding teeth meshed with the auxiliary speed change teeth are arranged on the auxiliary speed change teeth, and one end of the bevel gear shaft, which is far away from the two shafts, is fixedly provided with a driving bevel gear; one end of the driving bevel gear back is also provided with a front drive differential mechanism; the box body is also internally provided with a rear drive shaft, and one end of the rear drive shaft is also provided with a differential assembly.

Description

Gearbox and agricultural machine
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a gearbox and agricultural machinery.
Background
In recent years, with the continuous development of economy, various agricultural machines such as tractors and the like are more and more widely applied in vast rural areas.
Gearboxes, which are important components of various vehicles, are mechanisms for changing the rotational speed and torque from an engine, which can change the transmission ratio of an output shaft and an input shaft in a fixed or stepped manner, and are also called transmissions. The traditional tractor has the transmission with single front drive, rear drive, four-wheel drive and other types, but under the condition of heavy load or poor road conditions, the linear speeds of front and rear tires are different, so that the four-wheel drive cannot be driven for a long time.
In summary, how to provide a transmission case with consistent linear speeds of front and rear tires and capable of realizing all-time four-wheel drive and synchronous four-wheel drive, and an agricultural machine comprising the transmission case, become technical problems to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the gearbox is capable of realizing full-time four-wheel drive and synchronous four-wheel drive, and the agricultural machine comprising the gearbox.
The solution of the invention is realized by the following steps: the invention provides a gearbox, which is used for agricultural machinery and comprises a box body, a first shaft and a second shaft, wherein the first shaft and the second shaft are arranged in the box body and are arranged in parallel; the first shaft is sequentially provided with a triple gear, a fourth gear fixing gear, a third gear fixing gear, a second gear fixing gear and a first gear fixing gear; the four-gear duplex teeth, the three-gear duplex teeth, the two-gear duplex teeth and the one-gear duplex teeth are sequentially arranged on the second shaft, and are respectively meshed with the four-gear fixed teeth, the three-gear fixed teeth, the two-gear duplex teeth and the one-gear duplex teeth; one end of the two shafts is also provided with a bevel gear shaft, auxiliary speed change teeth are fixedly arranged on the bevel gear shaft, auxiliary sliding teeth meshed with the auxiliary speed change teeth are arranged on the auxiliary speed change teeth, and one end of the bevel gear shaft, which is far away from the two shafts, is fixedly provided with a driving bevel gear; one end of the driving bevel gear, which is far away from the bevel gear shaft, is also provided with a front-drive differential mechanism; and a rear drive shaft arranged in parallel with the two shafts is further arranged in the box body, and a differential assembly is further arranged at one end of the rear drive shaft. The gearbox of above-mentioned structure is through setting up forerunner's differential mechanism in the gearbox to and the differential is in structures such as assembly, compares with the gearbox of current structure, can realize that the front and back tire linear velocity is unanimous, and the full-time is four-wheel-driven and synchronous four-wheel-driven, and it has the advantage in the aspect of load and driving force are more powerful.
On the basis, a second gear action tooth and a third and fourth gear action tooth are further arranged on the second shaft, and the second gear action tooth and the third and fourth gear action tooth are respectively arranged on two sides of the second gear duplex tooth.
In another technical solution of the present invention, on the basis of the above, the first and second gear operating teeth are further provided with a first and second gear engaging sleeve which is always engaged with the first and second gear operating teeth, and the first and second gear engaging sleeve can slide left and right on the first and second gear operating teeth.
On the basis, the third-fourth gear action teeth are also provided with third-fourth gear engaging sleeves which are always engaged with the third-fourth gear action teeth, and the third-fourth gear engaging sleeves can slide left and right on the third-fourth gear action teeth.
In another technical scheme of the invention, on the basis, the front-wheel differential is also provided with a driven bevel gear, the driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear are always in a meshed state, and the driven bevel gear drives the front-wheel differential to rotate when rotating.
On the basis, a split gear sleeve is further arranged between the rear drive shaft and the differential assembly and used for connecting or separating the rear drive shaft and the differential assembly, and a rear drive flange is further arranged at one end, away from the split gear sleeve, of the rear drive shaft.
On the basis, the differential assembly comprises a shell, wherein one end of the shell, which is far away from the rear drive shaft, is also provided with a detachable rear drive tail end tooth, and the rear drive tail end tooth is meshed with the auxiliary sliding tooth.
On the basis, a front driving shaft is further arranged in the box body, two tail end driving teeth are further arranged at two ends of the front driving differential respectively, two tail end driven teeth meshed with the tail end driving teeth are arranged on the front driving shaft respectively, and when the tail end driving teeth rotate, the tail end driven teeth and the front driving shaft are driven to rotate.
On the basis, one end of the shaft is also provided with a clutch shaft, a connecting sleeve is arranged between the clutch shaft and the shaft, and the other end of the shaft is also provided with an output flange.
In another aspect, the invention further provides an agricultural machine, which includes a clutch and a gearbox disposed at one end of the clutch, wherein the gearbox is the gearbox as described above.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a transmission according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of another visual internal structure of the transmission of the present invention.
The corresponding relation of the reference signs is as follows:
1 clutch shaft 2 and connecting sleeve 3 shaft
4 low-speed fixed tooth 42 pair sliding tooth of triple gear 41
43 pairs of fixed teeth 44 high-speed fixed teeth
5-fourth-gear fixed tooth 51-fourth-gear duplex tooth
6 three-gear fixed tooth 61 three-gear double tooth
7 second-gear fixed tooth 71 second-gear duplex tooth
8 first-gear fixed tooth 81 first-gear duplex tooth
9 output flange 10 biaxial 101 bearing
102 driving bevel gear 11 rear-drive flange 12 rear-drive shaft
13 first-second gear engaging sleeve 131 first-second gear action teeth
14 three-gear and four-gear engaging sleeve 141 three-gear and four-gear acting teeth
15 divide-shut tooth cover 16 differential mechanism assembly 17 rear-drive end tooth
18 driven bevel gears of front drive differential 181
19 tail end driven teeth 20 tail end driving teeth 21 bevel gear shaft
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings, which are given by way of illustration and explanation only and should not be construed to limit the scope of the present invention in any way. Furthermore, features from embodiments in this document and from different embodiments may be combined accordingly by a person skilled in the art from the description in this document.
The embodiment of the invention is as follows, please refer to a gearbox shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, which is used for agricultural machinery and comprises a box body, a first shaft 3 and a second shaft 10 which are arranged in the box body, wherein the first shaft 3 and the second shaft 10 are arranged in parallel. The three-gear fixed gear 4, the four-gear fixed gear 5, the three-gear fixed gear 6, the two-gear fixed gear 7 and the first-gear fixed gear 8 are sequentially arranged on the first shaft 3 from left to right, wherein the three-gear 4 and the first shaft 3 are in clearance fit, and torque is not transmitted between the three-gear fixed gear and the first shaft. The fourth-gear fixed teeth 5, the third-gear fixed teeth 6, the second-gear fixed teeth 7 and the first-gear fixed teeth 8 are fixedly arranged on the first shaft 3, and when the first shaft 3 rotates, the fourth-gear fixed teeth 5, the third-gear fixed teeth 6, the second-gear fixed teeth 7 and the first-gear fixed teeth 8 are driven to rotate together. The four-gear duplex teeth 51, the three-gear duplex teeth 61, the two-gear duplex teeth 71 and the first-gear duplex teeth 81 are sequentially arranged on the second shaft 10 from left to right, the four-gear duplex teeth 51, the three-gear duplex teeth 61, the two-gear duplex teeth 71 and the first-gear duplex teeth 81 are in clearance fit with the second shaft 10, and the four-gear duplex teeth 51, the three-gear duplex teeth 61, the two-gear duplex teeth 71 and the first-gear duplex teeth 81 are respectively meshed with the four-gear fixed teeth 5, the three-gear fixed teeth 6, the two-gear fixed teeth 7 and the first-gear fixed teeth 8. One end of the two shafts 10, i.e. the left end as shown in fig. 1, is further provided with a bevel gear shaft 21, more specifically, a bearing 101 is provided between the bevel gear shaft 21 and the two shafts 10, and the bearing 101 is specifically a needle bearing 101. The bevel gear shaft 21 is fixedly provided with an auxiliary fixed gear 43, the auxiliary fixed gear 43, specifically, the periphery thereof is further provided with an auxiliary sliding gear 42 engaged with the auxiliary fixed gear, and one end of the bevel gear shaft 21 departing from the two shafts 10, namely, the left end shown in fig. 1 is fixedly provided with a driving bevel gear 102. The end of the drive bevel 102 facing away from the bevel shaft 21, the left end as viewed in FIG. 1, is also provided with the forward differential 18. In addition, a rear drive shaft 12 is arranged in the box body and parallel to the two shafts 10, and a differential assembly 16 is arranged at one end of the rear drive shaft 12, namely the left end in the drawing. The gearbox of above-mentioned structure through set up forerunner's differential 18 in the gearbox to and the differential is in structures such as assembly, compares with the gearbox of current structure, can realize that the front and back tire linear velocity is unanimous, and the full-time is four-wheel-driven and synchronous four-wheel-driven, and it has the advantage in the aspect of load and driving capability are more powerful.
On the basis of the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the second shaft 10 is further provided with a second-gear operating tooth 131 and a third-fourth-gear operating tooth 141, the second-gear operating tooth 131 and the third-fourth-gear operating tooth 141 are respectively disposed on two sides of the second-gear duplex tooth 71, more specifically, the second-gear operating tooth 131 is disposed on the right side of the second-gear duplex tooth 71, and the third-fourth-gear operating tooth 141 is disposed on the left side of the second-gear duplex tooth 71.
On the basis of the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, a second gear engaging sleeve 13 always engaged with the second gear engaging tooth 131 is further disposed on the second gear engaging tooth 131, specifically, on the periphery of the second gear engaging tooth 131, and the second gear engaging sleeve 13 can slide left and right on the second gear engaging tooth 131 under the action of the shifting fork.
On the basis of the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, a third-fourth gear engaging sleeve 14, which is always engaged with the third-fourth gear engaging tooth 141, is further disposed on the third-fourth gear engaging tooth 141, specifically, on the periphery of the third-fourth gear engaging tooth 141, and under the action of the shifting fork, the third-fourth gear engaging sleeve 14 can also slide left and right on the third-fourth gear engaging tooth 141.
In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the front drive differential 18 is further provided with a driven bevel gear 181, the driving bevel gear 102 and the driven bevel gear 181 at the end of the bevel gear shaft 21 are always engaged, and the driven bevel gear 181 rotates to drive the front drive differential 18 to rotate.
On the basis of the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a clutch sleeve 15 is further disposed between the rear drive shaft 12 and the differential assembly 16, the clutch sleeve 15 is specifically used for connecting or separating the rear drive shaft 12 and the differential assembly 16, and when the clutch sleeve 15 connects the rear drive shaft 12 and the differential assembly 16 together, the rear drive shaft 12 rotates to drive the differential assembly 16 to rotate together, so as to implement synchronous driving. In addition, one end of the rear drive shaft 12, which is far away from the clutch gear sleeve 15, namely the right end in the figure, is also provided with a rear drive flange 11.
In addition to the above embodiments, in another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the differential assembly 16 includes a housing, and an end of the housing facing away from the rear drive shaft 12, i.e., the left end as viewed in fig. 1, is further provided with a detachable rear drive end tooth 17, and the rear drive end tooth 17 is engaged with the secondary sliding teeth 42. Specifically, a plurality of bolt holes are formed in the rear-drive tail end tooth 17 and the shell, and bolts are arranged in the bolt holes, namely the rear-drive tail end tooth 17 is connected with the shell through the bolts.
On the basis of the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a front driving shaft is further disposed in the box, two end driving teeth 20 are further disposed at two ends of the front driving differential 18, two end driven teeth 19 engaged with the end driving teeth 20 are disposed on the front driving shaft, and when the end driving teeth 20 rotate, the end driven teeth 19 and the front driving shaft are driven to rotate.
On the basis of the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, one end of a shaft 3, i.e. the left end in the figure, is further provided with a clutch shaft 1, a connecting sleeve 2 is further provided between the clutch shaft 1 and the shaft 3, and the other end of the shaft 3, i.e. the right end in the figure, is further provided with an output flange 9, and more specifically, the output flange 9 is a PTO output flange 9.
In the transmission with the above structure, the driving bevel gear 102 is connected with the auxiliary fixing teeth 43 through splines, and the auxiliary fixing teeth 43 are always meshed with the auxiliary sliding teeth 42. In operation, when the third and fourth gear sleeve 14 slides to the left, the fourth gear double tooth 51 transfers torque to the third and fourth gear sleeve 14 and simultaneously to the third and fourth gear action tooth 141, thereby transferring torque to the second shaft 10. Since the high-speed fixed teeth 44 are spline-connected to the biaxial 10, torque can be obtained. When the secondary sliding teeth 42 slide to the right, the torque of the high-speed fixing teeth 44 is received and transmitted to the driving bevel teeth 102 and the rear-drive end teeth 17. When the auxiliary sliding teeth 42 slide leftward, the torque is transmitted to the triple tooth 4 through the high-speed fixing teeth 44, transmitted to the low-speed fixing teeth 41 through the triple tooth 4, and transmitted to the driving bevel gear 102 and the rear-drive end tooth 17 through the auxiliary sliding teeth 42.
The driving bevel gear 102 and the driven bevel gear 181 are always engaged, when the driven bevel gear 181 rotates, the driving differential 18 is driven to rotate, and the driving gear 20 at the tail end is connected with the planetary gear in the driving differential 18 through a spline, so that torque is obtained. The end driving tooth 20 obtains torque and transmits the torque to the end driven tooth 19, so that the front wheel is driven to rotate. The rear drive shaft 12 is connected with a differential assembly 16 through a spline, and differential four-wheel drive transmission is realized. When the front wheel or the rear wheel slips, the split-clutch gear sleeve 15 slides on the differential assembly 16, and the differential assembly 16 and the rear drive shaft 12 are meshed simultaneously, so that synchronous four-wheel drive transmission is realized.
On the other hand, the invention also provides agricultural machinery, which comprises a clutch and a gearbox arranged at one end of the clutch, wherein the gearbox is specifically the gearbox. The agricultural machine may be a wheeled tractor.
The agricultural machine with the structure can correspondingly realize the consistency of the linear speeds of the front and the rear tires, the full-time four-wheel drive and the synchronous four-wheel drive, and has the advantages of stronger load and driving capability and the like.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1.一种变速箱，用于农业机械上，其特征在于，包括箱体和设置于箱体内的一轴和二轴，所述一轴和二轴平行设置；1. a gearbox, used on agricultural machinery, is characterized in that, comprises box body and one shaft and two shafts that are arranged in the box body, and described one shaft and two shafts are arranged in parallel; 所述一轴上依次设置三联齿、四档固定齿、三档固定齿、二档固定齿和一档固定齿；The first shaft is sequentially provided with triple gear, fourth gear fixed gear, third gear fixed gear, second gear fixed gear and first gear fixed gear; 所述二轴上依次设置四档双联齿、三档双联齿、二档双联齿和一档双联齿，所述四档双联齿、三档双联齿、二档双联齿和一档双联齿分别与所述四档固定齿、三档固定齿、二档固定齿和一档固定齿啮合；The second shaft is sequentially provided with a fourth gear, a third gear, a second gear, and a first gear, the fourth gear, the third gear, and the second gear. and the first-speed double-coupled teeth are respectively meshed with the fourth-speed fixed teeth, the third-speed fixed teeth, the second-speed fixed teeth and the first-speed fixed teeth; 所述二轴的一端还设有伞齿轴，所述伞齿轴上固定设置副变速齿，所述副变速齿上设有与其啮合的副滑动齿，所述伞齿轴背离所述二轴的一端固定设置主动伞齿；One end of the two shafts is also provided with a bevel gear shaft, a pair of auxiliary gear teeth is fixedly arranged on the bevel gear shaft, and a pair of sliding teeth meshing with it is arranged on the pair of gear gear shafts, and the bevel gear shaft is away from the two shafts. An active bevel tooth is fixed at one end; 所述主动伞齿背离所述伞齿轴的一端还设有前驱差速器；The end of the active bevel gear that is away from the bevel gear shaft is also provided with a front-drive differential; 所述箱体内还设有与二轴平行设置的后驱轴，所述后驱轴的一端还设有差速器总成。The box body is also provided with a rear drive shaft parallel to the two shafts, and one end of the rear drive shaft is also provided with a differential assembly. 2.根据权利要求1所述的变速箱，其特征在于，所述二轴上还设有一二档作用齿和三四档作用齿，所述一二档作用齿和三四档作用齿分别设置于所述二档双联齿的两侧。2 . The gearbox according to claim 1 , wherein the first and second gears and the third and fourth gears are further provided on the two shafts, and the first and second gears and the third and fourth gears are respectively set. 3 . It is arranged on both sides of the second-speed double gear. 3.根据权利要求2所述的变速箱，其特征在于，所述一二档作用齿上还设有始终与所述一二档作用齿啮合的一二档接合套，所述一二档接合套可在所述一二档作用齿上左右滑动。3 . The gearbox according to claim 2 , wherein the first- and second-speed gears are also provided with first- and second-speed engagement sleeves that are always engaged with the first- and second-speed gears, and the first- and second-speed gears are engaged. 4 . The sleeve can slide left and right on the first and second gear acting teeth. 4.根据权利要求3所述的变速箱，其特征在于，所述三四档作用齿上还设有始终与所述三四档作用齿啮合的三四档接合套，所述三四档接合套可在所述三四档作用齿上左右滑动。4 . The gearbox according to claim 3 , wherein the third- and fourth-speed gear teeth are further provided with third- and fourth-speed gear engaging sleeves that are always engaged with the third- and fourth-speed gear teeth. The sleeve can slide left and right on the third and fourth gear action teeth. 5.根据权利要求4所述的变速箱，其特征在于，所述前驱差速器上还设有被动伞齿，所述主动伞齿与所述被动伞齿始终处于啮合状态，所述被动伞齿旋转时，带动所述前驱差速器旋转。5 . The gearbox according to claim 4 , wherein the front-drive differential is further provided with passive bevel teeth, the active bevel teeth and the passive bevel teeth are always in meshing state, and the passive bevel teeth are always in meshed state. 6 . When the teeth rotate, the front-drive differential is driven to rotate. 6.根据权利要求5所述的变速箱，其特征在于，所述后驱轴与所述差速器总成之间还设有分合齿套，所述分合齿套用于连接或分离所述后驱轴和差速器总成，所述后驱轴背离所述分合齿套的一端还设有后驱法兰。6 . The gearbox according to claim 5 , wherein a split gear sleeve is further provided between the rear drive shaft and the differential assembly, and the split gear sleeve is used to connect or separate the gears. 7 . The rear drive shaft and the differential assembly are also provided with a rear drive flange at the end of the rear drive shaft away from the split gear sleeve. 7.根据权利要求6所述的变速箱，其特征在于，所述差速器总成包括壳体，所述壳体背离所述后驱轴的一端还设有可拆卸的后驱末端齿，所述后驱末端齿与所述副滑动齿啮合。7. The gearbox according to claim 6, wherein the differential assembly comprises a casing, and the end of the casing facing away from the rear drive shaft is further provided with a detachable rear drive end tooth, The rear drive terminal teeth are engaged with the auxiliary sliding teeth. 8.根据权利要求7所述的变速箱，其特征在于，所述箱体内还设有前驱轴，所述前驱差速器的两端还分别设有两个末端主动齿，所述前驱轴上分别设有两个与末端主动齿啮合的末端被动齿，所述末端主动齿旋转时，带动所述末端被动齿和前驱轴旋转。8 . The gearbox according to claim 7 , wherein a front drive shaft is further provided in the box body, and two terminal driving teeth are respectively provided at both ends of the front drive differential. 8 . Two terminal driven teeth meshing with the terminal driving teeth are respectively provided, and when the terminal driving teeth rotate, the terminal driven teeth and the front drive shaft are driven to rotate. 9.根据权利要求8所述的变速箱，其特征在于，所述一轴的一端还设有离合器轴，所述离合器轴与所述一轴之间还设有连接套，所述一轴的另一端还设有输出法兰。9 . The gearbox according to claim 8 , wherein one end of the one shaft is further provided with a clutch shaft, and a connecting sleeve is further provided between the clutch shaft and the one shaft, and the one end of the one shaft is further provided with a connecting sleeve. 10 . The other end also has an output flange. 10.一种农业机械，所述农业机械包括离合器和设置于所述离合器一端的变速箱，其特征在于，所述变速箱为权利要求1至9中任一项所述的变速箱。10 . An agricultural machine comprising a clutch and a gearbox provided at one end of the clutch, wherein the gearbox is the gearbox according to any one of claims 1 to 9 .
CN202011230790.4A 2020-11-06 2020-11-06 A gearbox and agricultural machinery Pending CN112413080A (en)

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Application publication date: 20210226