CN112388166A - Integrated clamping structure for laser welding of metal bipolar plate and machining method - Google Patents

Integrated clamping structure for laser welding of metal bipolar plate and machining method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112388166A
CN112388166A CN202011294998.2A CN202011294998A CN112388166A CN 112388166 A CN112388166 A CN 112388166A CN 202011294998 A CN202011294998 A CN 202011294998A CN 112388166 A CN112388166 A CN 112388166A
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welding
plate
metal bipolar
bipolar plate
bottom plate
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CN112388166B (en
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姜天豪
曹运
毕飞飞
胡鹏
杜祥永
蓝树槐
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Shanghai Zhizhen New Energy Equipment Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/36—Electric or electronic devices

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种金属双极板激光焊接一体化装夹结构，包括焊接机构底座，焊接机构底座的一侧设有滑块，焊接机构底座表面设有两条与上述滑块配合的直线导轨，滑块处设置有第一旋转摆缸，第一旋转摆缸与第一气动手爪连接，第一气动手爪处设有机械手指，焊接机构底座另一侧处设有第二旋转摆缸，第二旋转摆缸与第二气动手爪连接，第二气动手爪处亦设有机械手指,两侧的机械手指之间设有金属双极板焊接工装机构，金属双极板焊接工装机构由相互叠加的焊接工装盖板和焊接工装底板构成。具有以下优点：采用了两块焊接工装板互为下板与盖板夹持金属双极板，减少装夹次数，避免因二次装夹引起的两极板错位风险。

Figure 202011294998

The invention discloses an integrated clamping structure for laser welding of metal bipolar plates, comprising a welding mechanism base, a sliding block is arranged on one side of the welding mechanism base, and two linear guide rails matched with the sliding block are arranged on the surface of the welding mechanism base. The sliding block is provided with a first rotary pendulum cylinder, the first rotary pendulum cylinder is connected with the first pneumatic gripper, the first pneumatic gripper is provided with a mechanical finger, and the other side of the welding mechanism base is provided with a second rotary pendulum cylinder, The second rotary swing cylinder is connected with the second pneumatic gripper, and the second pneumatic gripper is also provided with mechanical fingers, and a metal bipolar plate welding tooling mechanism is arranged between the mechanical fingers on both sides. The metal bipolar plate welding tooling mechanism is composed of The welding tooling cover plate and the welding tooling bottom plate are superimposed on each other. It has the following advantages: two welding tooling plates are used as the lower plate and the cover plate to clamp the metal bipolar plate, which reduces the number of clamping times and avoids the risk of dislocation of the bipolar plates caused by secondary clamping.

Figure 202011294998

Description

Integrated clamping structure for laser welding of metal bipolar plate and machining method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser welding tool fixtures, in particular to a metal bipolar plate laser welding integrated clamping structure, and particularly relates to a mechanical connecting structure of the metal bipolar plate laser welding integrated clamping structure.
Background
The fuel cell generates electric energy through the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen, the final product is water, and the fuel cell is an important ring formed by new energy sources with no pollution and zero emission at present. The existing metal bipolar plate mainly connects an anode plate and a cathode plate together in a laser welding mode to form a two-plate three-field structure.
The existing laser welding processing mode is as follows: because the welding path can form a closed ring and cannot be realized on one tooling plate, the welding can be realized by at least twice welding in the process of manufacturing the welding tooling no matter common welding equipment or automatic welding equipment, and the welding tooling must use three plates, namely a tooling lower bottom plate 16 and two upper cover plates 17 and 18. Referring to fig. 6, the metal bipolar plate 19 is placed on the bottom plate, the upper cover plate is moved to the matching position above the bottom plate, the metal bipolar plate is clamped and then welded, after the clamping is completed, the clamping is released, the metal bipolar plate is moved to the original position, the upper cover plate is moved to the matching position above the bottom plate, and the metal bipolar plate is clamped and then welded again. The method needs to clamp the metal bipolar plate for the second time during welding, has influence on positioning and working time, and is low in efficiency.
In summary, the conventional laser welding tool cannot meet the requirement of large-batch and high-efficiency preparation of the metal bipolar plate of the fuel cell.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a metal bipolar plate laser welding integrated clamping structure, which is characterized in that a metal bipolar plate is welded through a full-automatic welding tooling mechanism, a tooling bottom plate is modified and opened on the reverse side of the bottom plate to form a combined body of the bottom plate and a cover plate, a closed welding path is formed by matching with an opening path of an upper cover plate, only one-time clamping is needed, and two tooling plates are mutually a cover plate and a bottom plate to complete the whole welding work.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the metal bipolar plate laser welding integrated clamping structure comprises a welding mechanism base, wherein a sliding block is arranged on one side of the welding mechanism base, two linear guide rails matched with the sliding block are arranged on the surface of the welding mechanism base, a first rotary swing cylinder is arranged at the position of the sliding block and connected with a first pneumatic claw, a mechanical finger is arranged at the position of the first pneumatic claw, a second rotary swing cylinder is arranged at the other side of the welding mechanism base and connected with a second pneumatic claw, the mechanical finger is also arranged at the position of the second pneumatic claw, a metal bipolar plate welding tool mechanism is arranged between the mechanical fingers at two sides, and the metal bipolar plate welding tool mechanism is composed of a welding tool cover plate and a welding tool bottom plate which are mutually overlapped.
Preferably, a cover plate welding opening path is distributed at the position of the cover plate of the welding tool, a base plate welding opening path is distributed at the position of the base plate of the welding tool, and the cover plate welding opening path is matched with the base plate welding opening path to form a closed welding path.
Preferably, a guide rail brake is arranged at the linear guide rail.
Preferably, a first rotary tilt cylinder assembly base plate is arranged on the outer side of the first rotary tilt cylinder, and the lower part of the first rotary tilt cylinder assembly base plate is fixed at the sliding block.
The processing technology related by the scheme comprises the following steps: and processing a corresponding welding tool bottom plate and a corresponding cover plate. After the machining is finished, the metal bipolar plate laser welding device is used for laser welding treatment of a metal bipolar plate, the laser welding treatment comprises three stages, the first stage comprises self-positioning of the metal bipolar plate, a mechanical arm places the metal bipolar plate to be welded on a lower plate of a welding tool, and an electromagnet on the tool carries out self-adaptive positioning; the second stage comprises clamping the welding tooling plate by mechanical fingers and welding the first surface of the metal bipolar plate; and the third stage comprises the steps that the rotary oscillating cylinder controls the pneumatic claw to rotate the welding tool by 180 degrees, the bottom plate of the tool plate is rotated to the working surface, the second surface is welded, and the welding of the metal bipolar plate is completed.
The invention discloses a laser welding integrated clamping structure of a metal bipolar plate, which realizes integrated and automatic welding and realizes high-efficiency welding treatment of the metal bipolar plate of a fuel cell on the premise of not changing a welding path. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention adopts two welding tool plates as the lower plate and the cover plate to clamp the metal bipolar plate, thereby reducing the clamping times and avoiding the dislocation risk of the bipolar plate caused by secondary clamping;
2. the machining time is shortened by one-time clamping, the production efficiency is improved, the full-automatic flow is adopted in the welding process, the overall process is simplified, and a feasible treatment method is provided for the laser welding of the metal bipolar plate of the fuel cell.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of the process of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of the process of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a metal bipolar plate welding tool mechanism of the invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the stacking state of the metal bipolar plate welding tooling mechanism according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a metal bipolar plate welding tool mechanism in the prior art.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the original characteristics, the achieved purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
The invention discloses a laser welding integrated clamping structure of a metal bipolar plate, which is different from the prior art as shown in figure 1: the welding mechanism comprises a welding mechanism base 1, a sliding block 2 is arranged on one side of the welding mechanism base 1, two linear guide rails 3 matched with the sliding block 2 are arranged on the surface of the welding mechanism base 1, a first rotary swing cylinder 5 is arranged at the position of the sliding block 2, the first rotary swing cylinder 5 is connected with a first pneumatic claw 6, a mechanical finger 7 is arranged at the position of the first pneumatic claw 6, a second rotary swing cylinder 8 is arranged at the other side of the welding mechanism base 1, the second rotary swing cylinder 8 is connected with a second pneumatic claw 9, a mechanical finger 7 is also arranged at the position of the second pneumatic claw 9, a metal bipolar plate welding tool mechanism is arranged between the mechanical fingers 7 at two sides, and the metal bipolar plate welding tool mechanism is composed of a welding tool cover plate 10 and a welding tool bottom plate 11 which are overlapped with each other. The first rotary tilt cylinder 5 and the second rotary tilt cylinder 8 are 180-degree rotary tilt cylinders.
In specific implementation, cover plate welding opening paths 14 are distributed at the welding tool cover plate 10, base plate welding opening paths 15 are distributed at the welding tool base plate 11, and the cover plate welding opening paths 14 cooperate with the base plate welding opening paths 15 to form a closed welding path.
In specific implementation, a guide rail brake 4 is arranged at the linear guide rail 3.
In practical implementation, a first rotary tilt cylinder assembly base plate 12 is disposed outside the first rotary tilt cylinder 5, and a lower portion of the first rotary tilt cylinder assembly base plate 12 is fixed to the slider 2.
In specific implementation, a second rotary tilt cylinder assembly substrate 13 is arranged on the outer side of the second rotary tilt cylinder 8, and the lower part of the second rotary tilt cylinder assembly substrate 13 is fixed at the welding mechanism base 1.
In specific implementation, the welding mechanism base 1 is used for supporting the whole metal bipolar plate automatic welding device, and the length of the sliding block on the linear guide rail is controlled through the guide rail brake, so that the length control and support of the metal bipolar plate welding tool are ensured;
in specific implementation, the mechanical finger mechanism is used for connecting a welding tool plate, so that the subsequent positioning and clamping of the metal bipolar plate welding tool are facilitated;
in specific implementation, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the metal bipolar plate welding tool mechanism includes a welding tool cover plate 10 and a welding tool bottom plate 11, an opening path is formed on the reverse side of the welding tool bottom plate to form a combination of the bottom plate and the cover plate, the opening path of the welding tool cover plate is matched to form a closed welding path, and only one clamping is needed, and the two tool plates are the cover plate and the bottom plate, so that the whole welding operation is completed.
During specific implementation, the rotating mechanism comprises a first rotating tilt cylinder 5 and a second rotating tilt cylinder 8, after welding of the first surface of the metal bipolar plate is completed, the welding tool is rotated by 180 degrees through the rotating tilt cylinders, welding of the second surface is continued, and the whole welding process is completed.
Preferably, the closed welding path is completed by matching the cover plate with the lower bottom plate, and the opening path of the welding tool can be changed according to the welding path of the metal bipolar plate, so that the welding clamping mechanism is not only suitable for the metal bipolar plate with three cavities (a hydrogen gas cavity, an air/oxygen gas cavity and a cooling liquid cavity) arranged at the same end, but also suitable for the metal bipolar plate with cavities arranged at the periphery.
Preferably, the welding and clamping mechanism has no limit on the length and the width of the metal bipolar plate and is suitable for all metal bipolar plate types.
Preferably, the metal bipolar plate rotating mechanism rotates the metal bipolar plate welding tool bottom plate at the lower position to the upper position by rotating 180 degrees by the rotary oscillating cylinder to form a cover plate, and then the subsequent welding treatment of the metal bipolar plate is carried out; or the laser application mode can be changed and the laser can be directly injected from the lower part to carry out double-sided welding after being clamped.
During specific implementation, the slide block is controlled to be positioned through the guide rail brake, and installation preparation work before welding is completed by matching with welding tool equipment. The mechanical arm is to treat that welded metal polar plate is put to the frock bottom plate on, relies on the electro-magnet of installation on the frock to carry out self-adaptation location, makes welding frock apron and frock bottom plate press from both sides tight metal bipolar plate through the manipulator finger, accomplishes the weldment work of upper cover face, later carries out 180 degrees rotations to pneumatic hand claw through rotatory tilt cylinder, and welding frock bottom plate will stop as the apron at the working face, welds, accomplishes whole weldment work.
As shown in fig. 2, the first embodiment of the processing method using the integrated clamping structure includes the following main steps:
(1) according to the welding path of the metal bipolar plate, the shape surface characteristics of a welding tool cover plate and a welding tool bottom plate are designed;
(2) the mechanical finger loosens the welding tool cover plate and the welding tool bottom plate, the mechanical arm places the metal bipolar plate on the welding tool bottom plate, self-adaptive positioning is carried out through the electromagnet, and then the mechanical finger clamps the welding tool cover plate and the welding tool bottom plate to finish clamping of the metal bipolar plate;
(3) the equipment begins to carry out laser welding to the working face (welding frock apron), and after the work above accomplishing, rotatory tilt cylinder control pneumatic hand claw is rotatory 180 degrees, changes welding frock bottom plate to the working face, trades welding frock apron and will act as lower frock board, accomplishes whole weldment work.
The automatic welding process provided by the invention aims at various metalloid bipolar plates, and only needs to modify the surface structures of related components (a welding tool cover plate and a welding tool bottom plate).
As shown in fig. 3, a second embodiment of the processing method using the integrated clamping structure is a double-sided welding processing method, which includes the following specific steps: the mechanical arm is used for placing a metal polar plate to be welded on a welding tool bottom plate, self-adaptive positioning is carried out by means of an electromagnet arranged on the tool, a welding tool cover plate and the welding tool bottom plate clamp the metal bipolar plate through equipment clamping, after clamping is completed, laser can be directly injected from the upper side and the lower side to carry out double-side welding, and welding work is completed.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are given by way of illustration of the principles of the present invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (8)

1.金属双极板激光焊接一体化装夹结构，其特征在于:包括焊接机构底座（1），焊接机构底座（1）的一侧设有滑块（2），焊接机构底座（1）表面设有两条与上述滑块（2）配合的直线导轨（3），滑块（2）处设置有第一旋转摆缸（5），第一旋转摆缸（5）与第一气动手爪（6）连接，第一气动手爪（6）处设有机械手指（7），焊接机构底座（1）另一侧处设有第二旋转摆缸（8），第二旋转摆缸（8）与第二气动手爪（9）连接，第二气动手爪（9）处亦设有机械手指（7）,两侧的机械手指（7）之间设有金属双极板焊接工装机构，金属双极板焊接工装机构由相互叠加的焊接工装盖板（10）和焊接工装底板（11）构成。1. The metal bipolar plate laser welding integrated clamping structure is characterized in that: it comprises a welding mechanism base (1), one side of the welding mechanism base (1) is provided with a slider (2), and the surface of the welding mechanism base (1) is provided with a slider (2). There are two linear guide rails (3) matched with the above-mentioned sliding block (2). The sliding block (2) is provided with a first rotary pendulum cylinder (5), the first rotary pendulum cylinder (5) and the first pneumatic gripper ( 6) Connection, the first pneumatic gripper (6) is provided with a mechanical finger (7), the other side of the welding mechanism base (1) is provided with a second rotary pendulum cylinder (8), the second rotary pendulum cylinder (8) It is connected with the second pneumatic gripper (9), the second pneumatic gripper (9) is also provided with a mechanical finger (7), and a metal bipolar plate welding tooling mechanism is arranged between the mechanical fingers (7) on both sides. The bipolar plate welding tooling mechanism is composed of a welding tooling cover plate (10) and a welding tooling bottom plate (11) which are superimposed on each other. 2.根据权利要求1所述的金属双极板激光焊接一体化装夹结构，其特征在于：所述焊接工装盖板（10）处分布有盖板焊接开口路径（14），焊接工装底板（11）处分布有底板焊接开口路径（15），盖板焊接开口路径（14）配合底板焊接开口路径（15）形成封闭的焊接路径。2 . The metal bipolar plate laser welding integrated clamping structure according to claim 1 , wherein: the welding tool cover plate ( 10 ) is distributed with cover plate welding opening paths ( 14 ), and the welding tool base plate ( 11 ). 3 . ) are distributed with a bottom plate welding opening path (15), and the cover plate welding opening path (14) cooperates with the bottom plate welding opening path (15) to form a closed welding path. 3.根据权利要求1所述的金属双极板激光焊接一体化装夹结构，其特征在于：所述直线导轨（3）处设有导轨制动器（4）。3 . The integrated clamping structure for laser welding of metal bipolar plates according to claim 1 , wherein a guide rail brake ( 4 ) is provided at the linear guide rail ( 3 ). 4 . 4.根据权利要求1所述的金属双极板激光焊接一体化装夹结构，其特征在于：所述第一旋转摆缸（5）的外侧设有第一旋转摆缸装配基板（12），第一旋转摆缸装配基板（12）的下部固定在滑块（2）处。4. The metal bipolar plate laser welding integrated clamping structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer side of the first rotary pendulum cylinder (5) is provided with a first rotary pendulum cylinder assembly base plate (12), The lower part of a base plate (12) for assembling a rotating pendulum cylinder is fixed at the sliding block (2). 5.根据权利要求1所述的金属双极板激光焊接一体化装夹结构，其特征在于：所述第二旋转摆缸（8）的外侧设有第二旋转摆缸装配基板（13），第二旋转摆缸装配基板（13）的下部固定在焊接机构底座（1）处。5. The metal bipolar plate laser welding integrated clamping structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: a second rotary pendulum cylinder assembly base plate (13) is provided on the outer side of the second rotary pendulum cylinder (8), The lower part of the base plate (13) for assembling the two rotating pendulum cylinders is fixed at the base (1) of the welding mechanism. 6.根据权利要求1所述的金属双极板激光焊接一体化装夹结构，其特征在于：所述第一旋转摆缸（5）和第二旋转摆缸（8）为180度旋转摆缸。6 . The integrated clamping structure for laser welding of metal bipolar plates according to claim 1 , wherein the first rotary pendulum cylinder ( 5 ) and the second rotary pendulum cylinder ( 8 ) are 180-degree rotary pendulum cylinders. 7 . 7.金属双极板激光焊接一体化装夹结构的加工方法，其特征在于：包括以下主要步骤：7. The processing method of the integrated clamping structure of metal bipolar plate laser welding is characterized in that: comprising the following main steps: （1）根据金属双极板的焊接路径，设计焊接工装盖板和焊接工装底板的形面特征；(1) According to the welding path of the metal bipolar plate, design the shape and surface characteristics of the welding tool cover plate and the welding tool bottom plate; （2）机械手指松开焊接工装盖板和焊接工装底板，机械手臂将金属双极板放在焊接工装底板上，通过电磁铁进行自适应定位，然后机械手指对焊接工装盖板和焊接工装底板夹紧，完成金属双极板的装夹；(2) The robot finger loosens the welding tool cover and the welding tool bottom plate, the robot arm places the metal bipolar plate on the welding tool bottom plate, and performs adaptive positioning through the electromagnet, and then the robot finger aligns the welding tool cover plate and the welding tool bottom plate. Clamping to complete the clamping of the metal bipolar plate; （3）设备开始对工作面进行激光焊接，完成上面工作后，旋转摆缸控制气动手爪旋转180度，将焊接工装底板转至工作面，换焊接工装盖板将充当下工装板，完成整个焊接工作。(3) The equipment starts laser welding on the working surface. After completing the above work, the rotary swing cylinder controls the pneumatic gripper to rotate 180 degrees, and the welding tooling bottom plate is transferred to the working surface. The welding tooling cover plate will act as the lower tooling plate to complete the whole Welding work. 8.金属双极板激光焊接一体化装夹结构的加工方法，其特征在于：包括以下主要步骤：机械手臂将待焊接的金属极板放至焊接工装底板上，依靠工装上安装的电磁铁进行自适应定位，通过设备夹持使焊接工装盖板和焊接工装底板将金属双极板夹紧，完成装夹后，激光可以直接从上方与下方射入，进行双面焊接，完成焊接工作。8. A processing method for an integrated clamping structure of metal bipolar plate laser welding, characterized in that it includes the following main steps: the robotic arm places the metal pole plate to be welded on the bottom plate of the welding tool, and relies on the electromagnet installed on the tool to automatically To adapt to the positioning, the metal bipolar plate is clamped by the welding tool cover plate and the welding tool bottom plate through the equipment clamping. After the clamping is completed, the laser can be directly injected from above and below to perform double-sided welding to complete the welding work.
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CN115255726A (en) * 2022-07-11 2022-11-01 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 Templates, fixtures, tooling, and bipolar plate welding methods
WO2024230884A1 (en) 2023-05-11 2024-11-14 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Device and method for welding half sheets to form a bipolar plate
DE102024110648A1 (en) 2023-05-11 2024-11-14 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Device and method for welding half sheets to a bipolar plate

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CN108910476A (en) * 2018-09-03 2018-11-30 北京氢璞创能科技有限公司 A kind of automatic turning device
CN210475967U (en) * 2019-05-17 2020-05-08 江苏安全技术职业学院 Improved welding tool fixture
CN214264299U (en) * 2020-11-18 2021-09-24 上海治臻新能源装备有限公司 Integrated clamping structure for laser welding of metal bipolar plate

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CN115255726A (en) * 2022-07-11 2022-11-01 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 Templates, fixtures, tooling, and bipolar plate welding methods
WO2024230884A1 (en) 2023-05-11 2024-11-14 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Device and method for welding half sheets to form a bipolar plate
DE102024110648A1 (en) 2023-05-11 2024-11-14 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Device and method for welding half sheets to a bipolar plate

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