Improved central jet pump based on annular jet technology
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of jet pumps, in particular to an improved central jet pump based on a ring jet technology.
Background
The jet pump is a fluid machine which uses high-speed fluid as working power and realizes suction, mixing and conveying of low-speed fluid through viscous friction between fluids. The jet pump has no moving parts, and has the unique advantages of simple structure, low cost, convenient installation and maintenance, good sealing performance, reliable operation and the like. Therefore, the jet pump is widely applied to various fields of national economy production such as agriculture, animal husbandry and fishery, water conservancy, electric power, transportation, petroleum and geological exploration, is particularly suitable for special occasions such as underwater, high temperature, high pressure, radiation, corrosion and the like, and can generate huge economic benefit and social benefit.
The structure of the central jet pump is shown in figure 1, a nozzle of the central jet pump is arranged at the central axis of the central jet pump, a liquid suction pipeline surrounds the nozzle to form an annular suction chamber, and the annular suction chamber consists of a working water pipe, a central nozzle, a suction chamber, a water suction pipe, a throat pipe inlet section, a throat pipe, a diffusion pipe and a water outlet pipe; the working water pipe is connected with the central nozzle, the central nozzle is installed in the suction chamber, one end of the suction chamber is connected with the water suction pipe, and the other end of the suction chamber is sequentially connected with the throat pipe inlet section, the throat pipe, the diffusion pipe and the water outlet pipe.
Research shows that when the central jet pump operates under a high flow ratio working condition (close to a limit working condition), the pressure in the throat is reduced, cavitation can occur, and the performance of the jet pump is greatly reduced; when the central jet pump operates under the working condition of low flow ratio, the mixed suction liquid at the front end in the throat pipe has a backflow phenomenon, and the operating efficiency of the jet pump is greatly reduced. These factors have been limiting the development and application of central jet pump technology.
Therefore, the improvement of the running performance of the central jet pump is a core problem in the design theory, and scholars at home and abroad also put forward a lot of improvement technologies and structural forms, such as the existing pulse jet pump, the multi-nozzle jet pump and the like. Practice shows that: the efficiency of the jet pump can be improved by adopting the pulse jet pump, but a pulse device system is required to be added; the multi-nozzle structure has the advantages that the contact surface between the working liquid and the absorbed liquid can be increased and the length of the throat pipe can be shortened by adopting the multi-nozzle structure, so that the efficiency of the jet pump is improved, but the influence of the multi-nozzle structure on the running performance of the jet pump is large. The improved technology and the structural form have the promotion effect on improving the efficiency of the jet pump, but the cavitation problem of the jet pump under the working condition of the limit flow ratio is not improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an improved central jet pump based on a circular jet technology, which can automatically relieve the backflow phenomenon in a throat pipe when the jet pump operates under a low flow ratio working condition and the cavitation problem caused by the reduction of the pressure in the throat pipe when the jet pump operates under a high flow ratio working condition, thereby improving the operation performance of the jet pump.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an improved central jet pump based on a circular jet technology comprises a working water pipe, a central nozzle, a water suction pipe, a suction chamber, a throat inlet section, a throat, a diffusion pipe and a water outlet pipe, wherein the working water pipe is connected with the central nozzle;
the device also comprises a combined pipe sleeve device, wherein the combined pipe sleeve device comprises an annular sleeve, a working water pipe branch pipe, a water suction pipe branch pipe, a control valve A, a control valve B, a check valve and a flow regulating valve;
the annular sleeve comprises an inner pipe, an outer pipe and a flow baffle plate, the inner pipe and the outer pipe are concentrically arranged, the outer pipe is sleeved outside the inner pipe, an annular channel is formed between the inner wall of the outer pipe and the outer wall of the inner pipe, and one end of the outer pipe is connected with one end of the inner pipe through the flow baffle plate;
one end of the inner pipe, which is close to the flow baffle, is communicated with one end of the throat pipe inlet section, which is far away from the suction chamber, and one end of the outer pipe, which is far away from the flow baffle, is communicated with one end of the throat pipe, which is close to the throat pipe inlet section;
the two ends of the working water pipe branch pipe are respectively communicated with the working water pipe and the annular channel, the control valve A and the flow regulating valve are arranged on the working water pipe branch pipe, and the flow regulating valve is used for regulating the flow of the working water pipe flowing to the working water pipe branch pipe;
the two ends of the branch pipe of the water suction pipe are respectively communicated with the water suction pipe and the annular channel, the branch pipe of the water suction pipe is provided with the control valve B and a check valve, and the check valve is used for enabling water flow to flow from the control valve B to the annular channel in a one-way mode;
the water pressure measuring device comprises a working water pipe branch pipe, a water suction pipe branch pipe, a controller and a pressure measuring sensor, wherein the pressure measuring sensor is used for measuring the water pressure in the working water pipe branch pipe and the water suction pipe branch pipe, and the controller is electrically connected with the pressure measuring sensor, the control valve A and the control valve B respectively.
In the specific implementation process, the first-stage reactor,
the diameter of the inner pipe is consistent with that of the throat pipe, and the inner pipe and the throat pipe are coaxially arranged to form the throat pipe of the improved central jet pump.
The diameter of the working water pipe branch pipe is 0.2-0.6 times of the diameter of the working water pipe.
The diameter of the working water pipe branch pipe is the same as that of the water suction pipe branch pipe.
The included angle of the contraction section at the joint of the outlet end of the annular sleeve and the throat pipe is 10-25 degrees.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention relates to an improved central jet pump based on a circular jet technology, which is characterized in that a combined pipe sleeve device is additionally arranged on the basis of the existing jet pump and comprises an annular sleeve, a working water pipe branch pipe, a suction pipe branch pipe, a control valve A, a control valve B, a check valve, a flow regulating valve and a pressure measuring sensor, wherein the pressure measuring sensors in the control valve A and the control valve B device monitor the pressure in the working water pipe branch pipe and the pressure in the suction pipe branch pipe in real time when the jet pump works. When the jet pump operates under the working condition of small flow ratio, the working fluid is automatically controlled by the control valve A to be carried and absorbed from the throat, so that the entrainment capacity of the absorbed fluid can be obviously increased, the backflow phenomenon at the inlet of the throat is greatly improved, and the efficiency of the jet pump can be improved; when the jet pump operates under the working condition of high flow ratio, liquid with certain flow rate and pressure is automatically injected into the throat pipe through the control valve B, so that the pressure inside the throat pipe can be increased, the effect of improving the cavitation influence inside the throat pipe is achieved, and the operation performance is improved.
Compared with the traditional central jet pump and the annular jet pump which are used more at present, the central jet pump has the advantages that the number of parts needed by the structure is small, the process is easy to realize, and therefore, the central jet pump has a wider application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional central jet pump;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an improved central jet pump based on the annular jet technology;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of an annular sleeve in an improved central jet pump based on the annular jet technology;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the phenomenon of liquid absorption and backflow at the throat part of the existing central jet pump under the working condition of small flow ratio;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a throat cavitation phenomenon in a large flow ratio operating state of a conventional central jet pump;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the water flow state of the throat part of an improved central jet pump based on the annular jet technology when the central jet pump operates under a low flow ratio working condition;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the water flow state at the throat of an improved central jet pump based on the annular jet technology when the pump operates at normal flow ratio;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the water flow state at the throat of an improved central jet pump based on the annular jet technology when the pump operates at a high flow ratio.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following.
As shown in fig. 1, a conventional central jet pump in the prior art includes a working water pipe 1, a central nozzle 2, a suction chamber 4, a water suction pipe 3, a throat inlet section 5, a throat 6, a diffuser 7 and a water outlet pipe 8, the working water pipe 1 is connected to the central nozzle 2, the central nozzle 2 is installed in the suction chamber 4, one end of the suction chamber 4 is connected to the water suction pipe 3, and the other end of the suction chamber 4 is sequentially connected to the throat inlet section 5, the throat 6, the diffuser 7 and the water outlet pipe 8. When the liquid sucking device works, the contact surface acting on the sucked liquid is a cylindrical surface of the central nozzle jet flow, the acting area is relatively small, the energy loss generated when the working liquid and the two fluid flows to be sucked are mixed is large, and the defect of low efficiency exists in practical application. In practical application, the central jet pump has the defect that the performance of the central jet pump is easy to deteriorate after the operating condition changes, and through research, the pressure value in the throat 6 is higher than that in the normal flow ratio when the central jet pump operates in the low flow ratio operating condition, and the mixed suction liquid at the front end position in the throat 6 has a backflow phenomenon (as shown in figure 4), so that the operating efficiency of the jet pump is greatly reduced; when the central jet pump operates under a high flow rate ratio and a limit working condition, a larger negative pressure is generated at the front end position in the throat 6, a cavitation phenomenon (as shown in figure 5) exists in the throat 6, and the overall operation performance of the jet pump is lower.
In contrast, as shown in fig. 2, the improved central jet pump based on the annular jet technology of the present invention is additionally provided with a combined pipe sleeve device on the basis of the existing central jet pump. The combined pipe sleeve device comprises an annular sleeve 9, a working water pipe branch pipe 10, a water suction pipe branch pipe 11, a control valve A12, a control valve B13, a check valve 14 and a flow regulating valve 15.
As shown in fig. 3, the annular sleeve 9 includes an inner tube 151, an outer tube 152 and a baffle plate 153, the inner tube 151 and the outer tube 152 are concentrically disposed, the outer tube 152 is sleeved outside the inner tube 151, an annular channel is formed between an inner wall of the outer tube 152 and an outer wall of the inner tube 151, and one end of the outer tube 152 is connected to one end of the inner tube 151 through the baffle plate 153. One end of the inner tube 151 close to the flow baffle 153 is communicated with one end of the throat inlet section 5 far from the suction chamber 4, and one end of the outer tube 152 far from the flow baffle 153 is communicated with one end of the throat 6 close to the throat inlet section 5. As shown in fig. 6 to 8, by additionally arranging the annular sleeve 9, an annular jet channel is added on the basis of the original central jet, and the reflux phenomenon of the mixed suction liquid and the cavitation phenomenon in the throat can be effectively improved by combining a corresponding control strategy, so that the overall performance of the jet pump is improved.
In the implementation process, two ends of the working water pipe branch pipe 10 are respectively communicated with the working water pipe 1 and the annular channel, and the working water pipe branch pipe 10 is provided with a flow regulating valve 15 and a control valve A12; both ends of the suction pipe branch pipe 11 are respectively communicated with the suction pipe 3 and the annular passage, the suction pipe branch pipe 11 is provided with a control valve B13 and a check valve 14, and the check valve 14 is used for enabling water flow to flow from the control valve B13 to the annular passage in a one-way mode. And a controller and a pressure measuring sensor are also arranged, the pressure measuring sensor is used for measuring the water pressure in the working water pipe branch pipe 10 and the water suction pipe branch pipe 11, and the controller is respectively electrically connected with the pressure measuring sensor, the control valve A12 and the control valve B13. In practice, the flow regulating valve 15 is disposed on one side of the control valve a12 close to the working water pipe 1, and is used for regulating and calibrating the flow rate of the working water pipe 1 flowing to the working water pipe branch pipe 10, the control valve a12 and the control valve B13 may both be pressure measuring control valves, which include pressure measuring sensors and automatic control valves, the pressure measuring sensors in the control valve a12 are used for monitoring the water pressure in the working water pipe branch pipe 10, and the opening and closing of the control valve a12 are controlled by the measured water pressure value; the pressure sensor in the control valve B13 is used for monitoring the water pressure in the suction pipe branch pipe 11, and the opening and closing of the valve of the control valve B13 are controlled by the measured water pressure value.
When the jet pump is in a normal flow ratio working condition, the control valve A12 on the working water pipe branch pipe 10 and the control valve B13 on the suction pipe branch pipe 11 are both in a closed state, and the overall working state of the jet pump is consistent with the working state of the traditional central jet pump. However, in practical applications, the normal operating state cannot be maintained all the time, and the operating conditions may change and deviate from the design flow conditions, so the present invention makes the jet pump always in a high-performance operating state by means of dynamic adjustment of the control valve a12 and the control valve B13.
Specifically, the valve opening pressure value Fa of the control valve a12 and the valve opening pressure value Fb of the control valve B13 are set, respectively.
When the central jet pump operates under a large flow ratio working condition, a large negative pressure is generated inside the throat 6 to cause a cavitation phenomenon, as shown in fig. 5. When a pressure sensor of the control valve B13 monitors that the water pressure value inside the water suction pipe branch pipe is lower than Fb in real time, the valve of the control valve B13 is automatically opened, at the moment, the absorbed liquid is divided in the water suction pipe 3, one part of the absorbed liquid is directly conveyed into the annular sleeve 9 through the water suction pipe branch pipe 11 to form annular flow, and then the annular flow is supplemented into the front end of the throat pipe 6, so that the pressure in the throat pipe 6 is increased, the hollow phenomenon in the throat pipe is improved, and the running performance of the jet pump is improved. At this point the pressure value monitored by the pressure sensor of control valve a12 is below Fa and the valve of control valve a12 continues to remain closed.
When the central jet pump operates under the working condition of small flow ratio, the difference between the speeds of absorbed liquid and working liquid in the throat 6 is large, a backflow phenomenon can be generated, and the pressure in the throat is higher than that under the working condition of normal flow ratio at the moment, as shown in fig. 4. When the pressure sensor of the control valve A12 monitors the water pressure value inside the working water pipe branch pipe in real time and is higher than Fa, the valve of the control valve A12 is automatically opened, the working liquid is divided on the working water pipe 1, one part of the working liquid is conveyed to the annular channel of the annular sleeve 9 through the working water pipe branch pipe 10, and then the working liquid is injected into the throat pipe 6, the central nozzle 2 and the annular channel can be simultaneously carried and absorbed by liquid, the entrainment capacity of the working liquid to the absorbed liquid is increased, the backflow phenomenon in the throat pipe is improved, and therefore the energy transfer efficiency and the operation performance of the central jet pump are improved. At this time, the pressure sensor of the control valve B13 detects that the pressure value of the branch pipe of the suction pipe is higher than Fb, the valve of the control valve B13 is in a closed state, and the working fluid participating in the annular jet flow does not flow in the direction of the control valve B13 due to the action of the check valve 14.
In practice, the diameter D of the inner tube 151hnDiameter D of throat 6tCoincidence, i.e. Dhn=DtAnd the circle center of the inner tube and the circle center of the throat tube are on the same horizontal axis.
Diameter D of annular outer tube 152hwThe following can be determined according to the annular area ratio:
in the formula: a. thetThe area of the throat section; a. thejhIs the area of the annular cross section; dtThe diameter of the section of the throat pipe is; dhwIs the diameter of the annular outer pipe; dhnIs the diameter of the annular inner pipe; dtThe thickness of the inner pipe wall is 2-4 mm. Combining related research data, annular area ratio mhPreferably 2 to 3.
The annular area ratio formula gives:
the diameter D of the annular outer tube 152 can then be determined from the known diameter of the throat 6hw。
In the present embodiment, the diameter ratio of the inner tube 151 to the outer tube 152 is 0.85. Through flow control valve 15, can control the velocity of flow of outer tube export and the velocity of flow of central working fluid export and be close mutually, can make annular working fluid and central working fluid to being supported the effect equivalent by the imbibition, optimize the hydraulic condition, improve the operating performance of device.
In practice, the diameter D of the working water pipe branch pipe 10pDiameter D of the working water pipe 1oRatio of Dp=(0.2-0.6)D0. In this embodiment, the diameter of the working water pipe branch pipe 10 is set to be 0.4 times the diameter of the working water pipe 1.
In practice, the diameter D of the working water pipe branch pipe 10pDiameter D of the branch pipe 11 of the suction pipecSame, i.e. Dp=Dc. Through the arrangement, the liquid in the pipeline at the joint of the tail end of the branch pipe of the water suction pipe and the branch pipe of the working water pipe can be in a stable circulation state.
In practice, the included angle of the contraction section at the joint of the outlet end of the annular sleeve 9 and the throat 6 is alpha. Experimental studies show that when the contraction angle alpha is less than 10 degrees, the long contraction section can increase the on-way friction loss; when the contraction angle alpha is more than 25 degrees, the annular working liquid and the absorbed liquid have obvious collision, the liquid turbulence is strong, and the mixing effect is poor. Therefore, the included angle of the contraction section at the joint of the outlet end of the annular sleeve 9 and the throat 6 is preferably 10-25 degrees, and the performance is optimized by 15 degrees.
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of this invention, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise form disclosed herein and that various other combinations, modifications, and environments may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the concept as disclosed herein, either as described above or as apparent to those skilled in the relevant art. And that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.