Hydraulic cylinder bottom inclined oil hole drilling clamp
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of machining, and particularly relates to a drilling clamp for drilling an inclined oil hole at the bottom of a hydraulic cylinder.
Background
Drilling is used as a conventional cutting machining mode and is widely applied to hole site machining of various workpieces. The conventional bench drill, radial drilling machine and other processing equipment mainly adopt the main shaft vertical lifting drilling cutting processing, so that the processing of a hole vertical to a reference plane of a part is relatively easy to realize, but in the product design, a hole position is often not vertical to the reference plane, and an inclined hole with an included angle exists.
The machining of the inclined hole is a relatively difficult operation process, and can involve the problems of adjustment of the clamping angle of a workpiece, positioning deviation of a drill bit and the like, the traditional machining method adopts flat tongs to adjust a certain angle or adopts a machining center to realize the step-by-step cutting machining of a center drill, a countersink drill and the drill bit, but the adjustment of the angle of the flat tongs, the clamping alignment of the machining center or the frequent switching of a machining cutter can take quite long time, the deviation condition of the drill bit cannot be effectively controlled, and the machining method is not suitable for machining of mass products with higher precision.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the inclined hole machining, and provides the inclined oil hole drilling clamp which can accurately position and clamp workpieces with inclined oil holes, is simple in structure, convenient to operate and capable of quickly replacing the workpieces with the inclined oil holes, and can effectively control machining precision and quality.
A drilling fixture for an inclined oil hole at the bottom of a hydraulic cylinder comprises a guide positioning mechanism and a sliding locking mechanism which are sequentially arranged on a bottom plate from left to right;
The guide positioning mechanism comprises a mounting plate and a positioning plate, wherein the mounting plate is vertically arranged on the bottom plate, the positioning plate is vertically arranged at the upper end part of the mounting plate, the right side surface of the mounting plate is of a step structure, the step structure comprises a first step part which is a vertical surface and a second step part which is an inclined surface, the inclined angle of the inclined surface of the second step part is the same as the included angle between the inclined oil hole of the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder and the vertical direction, the positioning plate is arranged on the right side surface of the first step part, the lower end surface of the positioning plate is an inclined surface I, the included angle between the inclined surface I and the horizontal surface and the included angle between the inclined oil hole of the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder and the horizontal surface are complementary, and the positioning plate is provided with a positioning hole for positioning the tool cutting position;
the sliding locking mechanism comprises two guide rails which are arranged on the bottom plate and are parallel to each other, a sliding block which is connected to the guide rails in a sliding manner and is used for supporting the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder, and a locking mechanism which is used for locking the sliding block, wherein the upper plane of the sliding block is a second inclined plane which is parallel to the lower end surface of the positioning plate, and the upper plane of the sliding block is provided with a V-shaped groove along the central shaft.
And a drill bushing is arranged in the positioning hole on the positioning plate.
The locking mechanism comprises a guide block fixedly arranged on the bottom plate, a threaded hole matched with the screw rod is formed in the guide block along the transverse direction, the screw rod with the top propped against the sliding block to prevent the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder from moving is arranged in the threaded hole, and a hand wheel is arranged at one end of the screw rod.
The bottom plate is transversely provided with two parallel grooves II which are matched with the bottom structure of the two guide rails in size, more than two screw a mounting holes are formed in corresponding positions of the bottoms of the corresponding grooves II and the guide rails, and the two guide rails are fixedly connected with the bottom plate through screws a arranged in the screw a mounting holes.
And more than one locating pin a mounting hole is formed in the corresponding position of the bottom of the second groove and the bottom of the guide rail.
The bottom plate is longitudinally provided with a first groove matched with the structure size of the bottom of the mounting plate, more than two screw c mounting holes are formed in corresponding positions of the first groove and the bottom of the mounting plate, and the mounting plate is fixedly connected with the bottom plate through screws c mounted in the screw c mounting holes.
More than one locating pin c is arranged at the bottom of the mounting plate, and a pin hole c matched with the locating pin c is correspondingly formed in the first groove.
Two screw b mounting holes are formed in the opposite positions of the mounting plate and the positioning plate, and the mounting plate and the positioning plate are fixedly connected through screws b arranged in the screw b mounting holes.
The locating plate is provided with more than one locating pin b, and the mounting plate is correspondingly provided with a pin hole b matched with the locating pin b.
Compared with the prior art, the processing angle of the inclined oil hole at the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder can be accurately positioned through the positioning plate and the angle inclined plane of the sliding block. The locating plate is provided with a guide drill sleeve for drilling, so that the drilling position can be accurately located, and meanwhile, the locating deviation in the drill bit machining process is avoided. The angle inclined plane of the sliding block is provided with a V-shaped groove, and two V-shaped planes of the V-shaped groove and the angle inclined plane of the positioning plate form a clamping and positioning mechanism of the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder. This patent simple structure, convenient operation can realize clamping, location, the dismantlement at the bottom of the pneumatic cylinder fast. Compared with the existing traditional processing method, the drilling processing efficiency of the drilling processing method is improved by at least 20%.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a slide locking mechanism;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a guiding and positioning mechanism;
FIG. 4 is a second schematic structural view of the guiding and positioning mechanism;
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a machining hydraulic cylinder bottom inclined oil hole A after clamping and locking;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a structure after clamping and locking by processing an inclined oil hole B at the bottom of a hydraulic cylinder;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a cylinder bottom structure;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a cylinder bottom structure II;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a locating plate assembly;
FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of a slider structure;
In the figure, 1, a locating plate, 2, a drill bushing, 3, a sliding block, 4, a screw rod, 5, a guide block, 6, a hand wheel, 7, a bottom plate, 8, a mounting plate, 9, a guide rail, 10, a hydraulic cylinder bottom, 11, locating pins a,12, screws a,13, locating pins b,14, screws b,15, locating pins c,16 and screws c.
Detailed Description
In fig. 1, the invention comprises a guiding and positioning mechanism and a sliding locking mechanism, wherein the guiding and positioning mechanism comprises a positioning plate 1, a drill bushing 2 is arranged in a positioning hole of the positioning plate 1 to realize guiding of a drilling tool, the positioning plate 1 is fixedly arranged on a mounting plate 8, the mounting plate 8 is fixedly arranged on a bottom plate 7 to determine the accurate position of a machining inclined oil hole, the right side surface of the mounting plate 8 is of a step structure, the step structure comprises a step part which is a vertical surface and a step part which is an inclined surface, the inclined angle of the inclined surface of the step part is the same as the inclined angle between the inclined oil hole of a hydraulic cylinder bottom 10 and the vertical direction, the positioning plate 1 is arranged on the right side surface of the step part, the lower end surface of the positioning plate 1 is an inclined surface I, the inclined angle between the inclined surface I and the horizontal surface and the inclined oil hole of the hydraulic cylinder bottom 10 are complementary, the sliding locking mechanism comprises a sliding block 3 and a locking mechanism used for locking the sliding block 3, the sliding locking mechanism comprises a screw 4 and a guide block 5, the screw 4 is fixedly connected with the guide block 5 through trapezoidal thread fit, a hand wheel 6 is fixedly arranged at the tail end of the screw 4, the sliding block 4 is driven to synchronously rotate through rotating the hand wheel 6, the sliding block 3 is driven to reciprocate, two parallel guide rails 9 are fixedly arranged on the upper end surfaces 7 of the sliding block 4 and the sliding block 3 are arranged on the sliding block 3, and the sliding block is arranged on the sliding block and the sliding block 3, and the sliding block is arranged along the sliding plate and the sliding plate.
In fig. 2, the two guide rails 9 are fastened to the base plate 7 by two positioning pins a11 and four screws a12, respectively, and the guide block 5 is also fastened to the base plate 7 by two screws.
In fig. 3 and 4, the drill bushing 2 is mounted in a positioning hole of the positioning plate 1, and the positioning plate 1 is fixed to the mounting plate 8 by two positioning pins b13 and two screws b 14. The mounting plate 8 is fixed on the bottom plate 7 through two positioning pins c15 and three screws c16, and is used for guiding and positioning the inclined oil hole machining position.
In fig. 5 and 6, the cylinder bottom 10 is mounted at a processing position, the outer circular surface of the cylinder bottom 10 is in contact with the groove surface of the V-shaped groove on the sliding block 3, the side surface of the cylinder bottom 10 is in inclined surface contact with the mounting plate 8, the screw 4 is driven to synchronously rotate by rotating the hand wheel 6, the sliding block 3 is pushed to slide leftwards, the cylinder bottom 10 is gradually lifted, after the upper plane of the cylinder bottom 10 is completely contacted with the inclined surface of the positioning plate 1, a sufficient clamping force is continuously applied to the sliding block 3 by rotating the hand wheel 6, the hand wheel 6 is loosened, and the locking of the cylinder bottom 10 is realized by utilizing the self-locking performance of trapezoidal threads. Fig. 5 is a clamping state diagram of the inclined oil hole A at the bottom of the processing hydraulic cylinder, and fig. 6 is a clamping state diagram of the inclined oil hole B at the bottom of the processing hydraulic cylinder.
In fig. 7 and 8, the structure diagram of the cylinder bottom 10 is shown, two inclined oil holes (a, B) of the cylinder bottom 10 are inclined towards two ends respectively, the two inclined oil holes (a, B) are located on the center plane of a workpiece, the two inclined oil holes (a, B) are symmetrical in center along the two inclined oil holes (a, B), the machining process is as shown in fig. 5 and 6, and the two inclined oil holes are machined respectively by turning and clamping.
In fig. 9, the drill bushing 2 is installed in a positioning hole of the positioning plate 1, and plays a role in guiding a drill bit, and the inclined surface of the positioning plate 1 plays a role in angularly positioning the inclined oil hole.
In fig. 10, the groove surface of the V-shaped groove on the slide block 3 is in complete contact with the outer circle of the cylinder bottom 10, and the workpiece is locked.