CN112340851A - Surface water circulation system in ecological sponge city - Google Patents
Surface water circulation system in ecological sponge city Download PDFInfo
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- CN112340851A CN112340851A CN202011452856.4A CN202011452856A CN112340851A CN 112340851 A CN112340851 A CN 112340851A CN 202011452856 A CN202011452856 A CN 202011452856A CN 112340851 A CN112340851 A CN 112340851A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F7/00—Aeration of stretches of water
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
一种生态海绵城市的地表水循环系统，涉及海绵城市领域，其包括城市河道、生态跌水增氧区域、以及生态湿地区域，三者共同提供了充足的蓄水容量；区域内的水体在城市河道、生态跌水增氧区域、以及生态湿地区域之间循环流动，经过生态跌水增氧区域增加含氧量，并通过生态跌水增氧区域、城市河道、生态湿地区域的植物、微生物对水体进行净化，实现生态海绵城市的净水功能。除此之外，区域内形成多层次的水生态景观和水生生物的栖息或繁育生境，既具备一定的动、静结合的水体景观效果与周边城市河道形成亮丽的风景线，供人们观赏游玩；又营造了浅水、深潭、石砾滩涂等复合生境，为本地生物多样性抚育提供场所，提升了区域的整体生态功能。
A surface water circulation system of an ecological sponge city, involving the field of sponge city, including urban river course, ecological water drop and oxygenation area, and ecological wetland area, the three together provide sufficient water storage capacity; the water body in the area is in the urban river course , the ecological water drop oxygenation area, and the ecological wetland area circulate and flow, the oxygen content increases through the ecological water drop oxygenation area, and the plants and microorganisms in the ecological water drop oxygenation area, urban river, and ecological wetland area affect the water body. Purify and realize the water purification function of ecological sponge city. In addition, multi-level water ecological landscapes and habitats or breeding habitats for aquatic organisms are formed in the area, which not only has a certain dynamic and static combination of water landscape effects and the surrounding urban rivers to form a beautiful landscape for people to watch and play; It has created complex habitats such as shallow water, deep pools, and gravel mudflats, providing a place for local biodiversity conservation and improving the overall ecological function of the region.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sponge cities, in particular to a surface water circulation system of an ecological sponge city.
Background
The sponge city is a new generation of city rainfall flood management concept, and refers to a city which can be like a sponge and has good elasticity in the aspects of adapting to environmental changes, coping with natural disasters caused by rainwater and the like, and the city can also be called as a water elasticity city. The functions of seepage, stagnation, storage, purification and use are the main functions of the sponge city and are also important consideration factors in the ecological construction of the sponge city. To realize above-mentioned function, to the planning utilization of regional internal water environment indispensable, reasonable water environment planning utilization not only can strengthen regional whole retaining, the ability of intaking, can also improve regional whole image through the waterscape to and green planting in the region covers and provides sufficient water source guarantee.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a surface water circulation system of an ecological sponge city, which is novel in design and reasonable in layout, has better functionality, realizes the functions of seepage, stagnation, storage, purification and use of the sponge city, and has better ornamental and playability for people to enjoy leisure and entertainment.
The embodiment of the invention is realized by the following steps:
a surface water circulation system for an ecological sponge city, comprising:
the urban river channel is a ground surface structure arranged along an ecological sponge city and is provided with a high-level end with relatively high topography and a low-level end with relatively low topography; the low-level end is communicated with the external water, and a gate for controlling the communication state of the low-level end and the external water is arranged at the joint of the low-level end and the external water;
the ecological water drop oxygenation area is positioned at the high-level end of the urban river; the ecological water drop and oxygen increasing area comprises an aqueous ecological landscape area and a land area surrounding the aqueous ecological landscape area; the water ecological landscape area comprises a high water level energy dissipation settling area, a multi-stage ecological water drop area, a central water ecological landscape area and a first surface flow wet area; the high water level energy dissipation settling zone is communicated with the low level end of the urban river channel through a water delivery pipeline, and the water delivery pipeline is provided with a water delivery pump; the multistage ecological drop zone consists of a plurality of drop platforms which are distributed in a step shape, the multistage ecological drop zone comprises a higher water inlet side and a lower water outlet side, and the water inlet side of the multistage ecological drop zone is communicated with the high water level energy dissipation settling zone; the central water ecological landscape area is communicated with the water outlet side of the multi-stage ecological water drop area; the first surface flow wetland area is positioned on one side of the central water ecological landscape area, which is far away from the multi-stage ecological water drop area, and is communicated with the central water ecological landscape area; the first surface flow wet area is communicated with the high-level end of the urban river;
and the ecological wetland area is positioned at the low-level end of the urban river and is communicated with the low-level end of the urban river.
Further, in other preferred embodiments of the invention, the energy dissipation settling zone internally dissipates the incoming water by arranging a fish mouth weir or a similar physical structure, the head part of the elevation of the bottom in the pool is slightly higher than the tail part, the elevation difference is controlled to be 30 cm-50 cm, and one or more slow flows are guided to form and flow from the head part to the tail part.
Further, in another preferred embodiment of the invention, the area of the multi-stage ecological drop area is 10-20% of the total area of the aquatic landscape area, the number of the drop platforms included in the multi-stage ecological drop area is 2-5, the water depth of each drop platform is 0.3-1.0 m, and the drop height of each drop platform to the next drop platform is 30-80 cm.
Further, in other preferred embodiments of the invention, the water depth at the tail of each drop platform does not exceed 0.1-0.3 m, and the area of the shallow water area at the tail of each drop platform does not exceed 30% of the total area; the bottom substrate part of the tail shallow water area is provided with three layers, the surface layer is a sand gravel and mud mixed layer or a mud layer, and the thickness is 0.15-0.25 m; the second layer is a coarse sand layer, the thickness of the second layer is 0.2-0.3 m, and the coarse sand particle size of the coarse sand layer is 0.5-2.0 mm; the third layer is a gravel layer, the thickness of the gravel layer is not more than 0.2-0.3 m, and the particle size of the gravel layer is 0.5-2.0 cm; and a perforated drain pipe wrapped with the permeable geotextile is arranged in the third layer, the aperture ratio of the perforated drain pipe is 10-20%, the length of an exposed pipe at the outlet of the perforated drain pipe is 0.05-0.1 m, and the outlet of the perforated drain pipe is 0.1-0.2 m below the water surface of the next drop platform.
Further, in other preferred embodiments of the present invention, the area of the central water ecological landscape area is 35% to 50% of the total area of the water ecological landscape area, and the maximum water depth of the central water ecological landscape area is 2 to 4 m.
Further, in other preferred embodiments of the present invention, the area of the first surface flow wet area is 30% to 40% of the total area of the water ecological landscape area; the water depth of the first surface flow wet area is 0.3-0.6 m.
Further, in other preferred embodiments of the present invention, the ecological wetland area comprises a plant pond, an underflow wet area and a second overflow wet area, and the underflow wet area is located between the plant pond and the second overflow wet area.
Further, in other preferred embodiments of the invention, the area of the plant pond is 15% -25% of the total area of the ecological wetland area; the area of the second surface flow wet area is 20% -30% of the total area of the ecological wetland area, and the area of the subsurface flow wet area is 40% -50% of the total area of the ecological wetland area.
Further, in other preferred embodiments of the invention, the length-width ratio of the undercurrent wet area is less than or equal to 5:1, and the hydraulic gradient is 0.5% -2.0%; the aspect ratio of the second surface flow wet area is 3: 1-7: 1, and the hydraulic gradient is less than 0.5%.
Further, in other preferred embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of solar floating plug-flow aerators are disposed in the urban river, and the solar floating plug-flow aerators are disposed in the still water area or the dead water area.
The embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the embodiment of the invention provides a surface water circulation system of an ecological sponge city, which comprises an urban river channel, an ecological water drop oxygenation area and an ecological wetland area. Sufficient water storage capacity is provided for the urban river channel, the ecological water drop aeration area and the ecological wetland area together, and the retention and accumulation capacity of the ecological sponge city for rainwater is guaranteed; meanwhile, water in the area circularly flows among the urban riverway, the ecological drop water oxygenation area and the ecological wetland area, the whole oxygen content of the water is increased through the ecological drop water oxygenation area, and the water is purified through plants and microorganisms in the ecological drop water oxygenation area, the urban riverway and the ecological wetland area, so that the water quality of the area is ensured, and the water purification function of the ecological sponge city is realized. In addition, the ecological water drop and oxygen increasing area and the ecological wetland area provide multi-level aquatic ecological landscape and habitat or breeding habitat of aquatic organisms, and the ecological water drop and oxygen increasing area and the ecological wetland area have certain dynamic and static combined water landscape effect to form a bright landscape with surrounding urban riverways for people to enjoy and play; and a composite habitat such as shallow water, deep pool, gravel and mudflat is built, a place is provided for local biodiversity fostering, and the overall ecological power of the area is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic water circulation diagram of a surface water circulation system of an ecological sponge city according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of an ecological water drop and oxygen increasing area of a surface water circulation system of an ecological sponge city according to an embodiment of the invention
Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an ecological water drop and oxygen increasing area of a surface water circulation system of an ecological sponge city according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic plan view of an ecological wetland area of a surface water circulation system of an ecological sponge city provided by an embodiment of the invention.
Icon: 10-surface water circulation system; 100-urban river; 110-a gate; 200-ecological water drop oxygenation area; 210-water landscape area; 211-high water level energy dissipation settling zone; 212-a multi-stage ecological drop zone; 2121-drop platform; 213-central water ecological landscape area; 214-first surface wet area; 220-land area; 300-an ecological wetland area; 310-plant ponds; 320-undercurrent wet area; 330-second surface wet area.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the equipment or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
Examples
The embodiment provides a surface water circulation system 10 of an ecological sponge city, which comprises an urban river 100, an ecological water drop and oxygen increasing area 200 and an ecological wetland area 300, as shown in fig. 1.
Wherein, the surface structure that city river 100 arranged along ecological sponge city, as the aorta of whole surface water circulating system 10, can play the multiple functions of collecting peripheral rainwater runoff, saving rainwater, flood control drainage waterlogging. The urban river 100 has a high end with a relatively high topography and a low end with a relatively low topography. The low end is communicated with the outside water, and a gate 110 for controlling the communication state of the low end and the outside water is arranged at the joint of the low end and the outside water. When the ecological water storage device is used daily, the gate 110 is closed, so that the outflow of water in the area can be blocked, and the urban river channel 100, the ecological water drop aeration area 200 and the ecological wetland area 300 can fully exert the water storage function. When flood occurs, the gate 110 can be opened to discharge redundant water in the area to the outside water, and the water safety in the area is ensured.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the ecological water drop and oxygen increasing area 200 is located at the high end of the urban river 100; the ecological water drop and oxygen increasing area 200 comprises an aquatic ecological landscape area 210 and a land area 220 surrounding the aquatic ecological landscape area 210, wherein the aquatic ecological landscape area 210 comprises a high water level energy dissipation settling area 211, a multi-stage ecological water drop area 212, a central aquatic ecological landscape area 213 and a first surface current wet area 214; the high water level energy dissipation settling zone 211 is communicated with the low end of the urban river 100 through a water pipeline, and the water pipeline is provided with a water delivery pump; the multistage ecological water drop area 212 consists of a plurality of water drop platforms 2121 distributed in a step shape, the multistage ecological water drop area 212 comprises a higher water inlet side and a lower water outlet side, and the water inlet side of the multistage ecological water drop area 212 is communicated with the high water level energy dissipation settling area 211; the central water ecological landscape area 213 is communicated with the water outlet side of the multi-stage ecological water drop area 212; the first surface flow wet area 214 is positioned on one side of the central water ecological landscape area 213, which is far away from the multi-stage ecological drop area 212, and is communicated with the central water ecological landscape area 213; the first surface flow wet area 214 is in communication with the high end of the urban river 100. When the water has poor flowability in an area, the oxygen content of the water body is gradually reduced, so that the decomposition capability of organic pollutants in the water body is often weakened, and the water body in the area is further deteriorated. The ecological water drop and oxygen increasing area 200 can extract water in the low-level end of the urban riverway 100 to the high-water-level energy dissipation settling area 211 by using a water delivery pump, and the water sequentially enters the central water ecological landscape area 213 and the first surface current wet area 214 after being subjected to water drop and oxygen increase in the multistage ecological water drop area 212, so that the overall oxygen content of the water is increased in the water drop process, the self-purification capacity of the water is enhanced, and sufficient oxygen is kept in the decomposition activity of aquatic plant root system microorganisms on pollutants. In addition, the first surface flow wetland area 214 is planted with a large number of aquatic plants, which has a good purifying capacity for pollutants in water. The water body returns to the high-level end of the urban river 100 after passing through the first surface flow wet area 214 and flows back to the low-level end along the high-level end of the urban river 100, so that the whole water circulation is completed, and the whole water quality in the area is improved.
Further, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the number of the water dropping platforms 2121 included in the multi-stage ecological water dropping area 212 is 2-5. Taking this embodiment as an example, two water drop platforms 2121 are provided, the water body enters the first-stage water drop platform 2121 from the high-water-level energy dissipation settling area 211, enters the second-stage water drop platform 2121 from the first-stage water drop platform 2121, enters the central water ecological landscape area 213 from the second-stage water drop platform 2121, and undergoes three water drop and oxygen increasing processes. The water depth of each water drop platform 2121 is 0.3-1.0 m. The height of each water drop is 30-80 cm, preferably 50-60 cm, and the dissolved oxygen increment of each water drop can be ensured to be 1-3 mg/L within the range. The quality of the regional water body is obviously improved. The area of the multi-stage ecological drop area 212 is 10% -20% of the total area of the water ecological landscape area 210. Besides the function of oxygen increasing, waterfall landscape can be added to the area, the ornamental value and the play value are improved, and meanwhile, the inhabitation environment of aquatic birds and aquatic organisms is increased.
The central water ecological landscape area 213 has a better water storage function, the area of the central water ecological landscape area 213 is 35% -45% of the total area of the water ecological landscape area 210, the water depth is 2-4 m, the integral water storage capacity of the area can be improved, and meanwhile, the central water ecological landscape area can be used as a buffer between the multistage ecological water drop area 212 and the first surface current wet area 214 to avoid direct flushing of vegetation by water drops. In addition, the multi-stage ecological water fall area 212 and the central water ecological landscape area 213 can form a dynamic-static water landscape collocation to form an attractive landscape. Further, a fountain may also be disposed within the central water landscape zone 213, adding additional ornamental value. Furthermore, the marsh type lake-heart island in the central water ecological landscape area 213 can enhance the diversity of the habitat and create inhabitation and multiplication conditions for the diversity of the aquatic organisms.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the first surface wetting zone 214 is planted with aquatic plants. After entering the first surface flow wet area 214 from the central water ecological landscape area 213, the water body can be purified by aquatic plants, so as to improve the water quality and remit into the urban riverway 100. The area of the first surface flow wet area 214 is 30% -40% of the total area of the water ecological landscape area 210, and the water depth is 0.3-0.6 m. Besides the two landscapes of the multi-stage ecological water fall area 212 and the central water ecological landscape area 213, the wetland appearance can be increased, the layering sense of regional water scenery is improved, and more green meanings are increased.
In addition, green plants can be further added in the land area 220, the landscape trees, trees and surface flowers are utilized to form high, medium and low staggered arrangement, and then the high, medium and low staggered arrangement corresponds to the aquatic plants in the first surface current wet area 214 to form rich plant landscape. Meanwhile, the pavilion and the gallery bridge are matched with artificial facilities such as the pavilion and the gallery bridge, so that people can enjoy the game in a standing way, and the harmony and coexistence between people and nature are really realized.
As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the ecological wetland area 300 is located at the low end of the urban river 100 and is communicated with the low end of the urban river 100. The water in the urban river 100 collects surface runoff in the area and pollutants in the area during the process of flowing from the high end to the low end. Therefore, the lower end of the urban river 100 is the place where the water pollution is the most serious. By providing the ecological wetland area 300, the sewage can be treated in a near place by utilizing the purification capacity of wetland plants and microorganisms. Meanwhile, the ecological wetland area 300 also has strong water storage capacity, and the integral water demand of the area can be improved. In addition, the unique wetland landscape of the ecological wetland area 300 also provides a place for leisure and entertainment for people in the area, which can serve multiple purposes.
Further, the ecological wetland area 300 comprises a plant pond 310, a subsurface flow wet area 320, and a second surface flow wet area 330, wherein the subsurface flow wet area 320 is located between the plant pond 310 and the second surface flow wet area 330. The plant pond 310 not only has better sewage purification capability, but also can play a role of a sedimentation tank, so that suspended matters and pollutants are fully precipitated; the second surface flow wet area 330 has the characteristics of low load and low construction cost relative to the undercurrent wet area 320, and is suitable for sewage with lower pollutant concentration; the undercurrent wet area 320 has the characteristics of high load, good treatment effect and high construction cost, and is suitable for treating sewage with higher pollutant concentration. In this embodiment, a form of combining the plant pond 310, the undercurrent wet area 320, and the second surface current wet area 330 is adopted, and the distribution is performed according to the concentration of the sewage, so that the sewage in the urban river 100 enters the ecological wetland area 300, first enters the plant pond 310 for primary purification and precipitation, then flows to the undercurrent wet area 320 for secondary purification, and enters the second surface current wet area 330 for tertiary purification after the concentration of the pollutant is reduced. Wherein the area of the plant pond 310 is 15% -25% of the total area of the ecological wetland area 300; the area of the second surface flow wet area 330 is 20-30% of the total area of the ecological wetland area 300, and the area of the subsurface flow wet area 320 is 40-50% of the total area of the ecological wetland area 300. The layout mode can ensure enough water purification capacity, save construction cost, form multi-level wetland landscape and improve ornamental and playability.
It is noted that the aspect ratio of the undercurrent wet area 320 is less than or equal to 5:1, and the hydraulic gradient is 0.5-2%. The aspect ratio of the second surface flow wet area 330 is 3: 1-7: 1, and the hydraulic gradient is less than 0.5%. Within the above size range, the water purification capacity of the ecological wetland area 300 is relatively good. When the area is limited, which causes the aspect ratio to be too large, a dead water curve needs to be calculated, so that the dead water in the area is prevented from silting.
A plurality of solar floating plug-flow aerators are arranged in the urban river 100. The solar floating plug flow aerator can perform deep water plug flow aeration, so that air and water are fully mixed, and oxygen increasing and plug flow are combined. The solar energy is used as power, and the bottom water body and the surface oxygen-enriched water body can be fully combined through the lifting action of the rotary cutting lifting aeration impeller which is specially arranged, so that the functions of water body delamination, oxygenation and longitudinal and transverse circulation exchange are realized, and the water body purification capacity of aquatic plants and microorganisms is favorably improved. Optionally, aquatic plants may also be planted in the urban watercourse 100 to enhance the overall water purification capacity of the area.
In addition, one or more ecological parks can be arranged along the banks of the drainage channel according to the needs, and the ecological parks can introduce the water form of the drainage channel into water scenery with rich forms and green plant scenery, so that more leisure and entertainment places are provided for people, and the water storage capacity in the area is further improved.
In summary, the embodiment of the present invention provides a surface water circulation system 10 for an ecological sponge city, which includes an urban river 100, an ecological water drop and oxygen increasing area 200, and an ecological wetland area 300. The urban river 100, the ecological water drop aeration area 200 and the ecological wetland area 300 provide sufficient water storage capacity together, and the retention and accumulation capacity of the ecological sponge city for rainwater is guaranteed; meanwhile, water in the area circularly flows among the urban riverway 100, the ecological drop water oxygenation area 200 and the ecological wetland area 300, the oxygen content of the whole water is increased through the ecological drop water oxygenation area 200, and the water is purified through plants and microorganisms in the ecological drop water oxygenation area 200, the urban riverway 100 and the ecological wetland area 300, so that the water quality of the area is ensured, and the water purification function of the ecological sponge city is realized. In addition, the ecological water drop and oxygen increasing area 200 and the ecological wetland area 300 provide a plurality of habitats of multilayer aquatic landscape and aquatic organisms inhabiting or breeding deep pool shoals, and the ecological water drop and oxygen increasing area has a certain dynamic and static combined water landscape effect to form a bright landscape with the surrounding urban riverways 100 for people to enjoy; and various habitats such as shallow water, deep pool, gravel and mudflat are built, so that a place is provided for local biodiversity fostering, and the overall ecological function of the area is improved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a surface water circulation system in ecological sponge city which characterized in that includes:
the urban river channel is a ground surface structure arranged along the ecological sponge city, and is provided with a high-level end with relatively high terrain and a low-level end with relatively low terrain; the low-level end is communicated with the external water, and a gate used for controlling the communication state of the low-level end and the external water is arranged at the joint of the low-level end and the external water;
the ecological water drop oxygenation area is positioned at the high-level end of the urban river channel; the ecological water drop and oxygen increasing area comprises an aqueous ecological landscape area and a land area surrounding the aqueous ecological landscape area; the water ecological landscape area comprises a high water level energy dissipation settling area, a multi-stage ecological water drop area, a central water ecological landscape area and a first surface flow wet area; the high water level energy dissipation settling zone is communicated with the low end of the urban river through a water conveying pipeline, and the water conveying pipeline is provided with a water conveying pump; the multistage ecological water drop area consists of a plurality of water drop platforms which are distributed in a step shape, the multistage ecological water drop area comprises a higher water inlet side and a lower water outlet side, and the water inlet side of the multistage ecological water drop area is communicated with the high water level energy dissipation settling area; the central water ecological landscape area is communicated with the water outlet side of the multi-stage ecological water drop area; the first surface flow wetland area is positioned on one side of the central water ecological landscape area, which is far away from the multi-stage ecological water drop area, and is communicated with the central water ecological landscape area; the first surface flow wet area is communicated with the high-level end of the urban river;
and the ecological wetland area is positioned at the low-level end of the urban river and is communicated with the low-level end of the urban river.
2. The surface water circulation system according to claim 1, wherein the energy dissipation settling zone internally dissipates the incoming water by arranging a fish mouth weir or similar physical structure, the head part of the elevation of the bottom in the pool is slightly higher than the tail part, the height difference is controlled to be 30 cm-50 cm, and one or more slow flows are guided to form and flow from the head part to the tail part.
3. The surface water circulation system according to claim 2, wherein the area of the multistage ecological drop zone is 10% -20% of the total area of the water ecological landscape zone, the number of drop platforms contained in the multistage ecological drop zone is 2-5, the water depth of each drop platform is 0.3-1.0 m, and the drop height of each drop platform towards the next stage of drop platform is 30-80 cm.
4. The surface water circulation system of claim 3, wherein the water depth at the tail of each drop platform is not more than 0.1-0.3 m, and the area of the shallow water zone at the tail of each drop platform is not more than 30% of the total area; the bottom substrate part of the tail shallow water area is provided with three layers, the surface layer is a sand gravel mud mixing layer or a mud layer, and the thickness is 0.15-0.25 m; the second layer is a coarse sand layer, the thickness of the second layer is 0.2-0.3 m, and the coarse sand particle size of the coarse sand layer is 0.5-2.0 mm; the third layer is a gravel layer, the thickness of the gravel layer is not more than 0.2-0.3 m, and the particle size of the gravel layer is 0.5-2.0 cm; and a perforated drain pipe wrapped with permeable geotextile is arranged in the third layer, the aperture ratio of the perforated drain pipe is 10-20%, the length of an exposed pipe at the outlet of the perforated drain pipe is 0.05-0.1 m, and the outlet of the perforated drain pipe is 0.1-0.2 m below the water surface of the next drop platform.
5. The surface water circulation system of claim 4, wherein the area of the central water ecological landscape zone is 35% -50% of the total area of the water ecological landscape zone, and the maximum water depth of the central water ecological landscape zone is 2-4 m.
6. The surface water circulation system of claim 5, wherein the area of the first surface wet area is 30% to 40% of the total area of the water landscape area; the water depth of the first surface flow wet area is 0.3-0.6 m.
7. The surface water circulation system of claim 6, wherein the ecological wetland area comprises a plant pond, an undercurrent wet area, and a second undercurrent wet area, the undercurrent wet area being located between the plant pond and the second undercurrent wet area.
8. The surface water circulation system of claim 7, wherein the area of the plant pond is 15-25% of the total area of the ecological wetland area; the area of the second surface flow wet area is 20-30% of the total area of the ecological wetland area, and the area of the subsurface flow wet area is 40-50% of the total area of the ecological wetland area.
9. The surface water circulation system of claim 8, wherein the aspect ratio of the subsurface wet area is less than or equal to 5:1, and the hydraulic gradient is 0.5% -2.0%; the aspect ratio of the second surface flow wet area is 3: 1-7: 1, and the hydraulic gradient is less than 0.5%.
10. The surface water circulation system of claim 9, wherein a plurality of solar floating plug-flow aerators are arranged in the urban river channel, and the solar floating plug-flow aerators are arranged in a still water area or a dead water area.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113371944A (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2021-09-10 | 广西壮族自治区自然资源生态修复中心 | Treatment method for high-density river channel development in villages |
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| CN207276321U (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2018-04-27 | 长沙理工大学 | A kind of ecological ground sills system for urban landscape rivers |
| CN214693503U (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-11-12 | 中国电建集团昆明勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Surface water circulation system in ecological sponge city |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN202988922U (en) * | 2012-12-12 | 2013-06-12 | 中国水电顾问集团华东勘测设计研究院 | Multistage wet land purifying system based on ecological basic flow regulation and control |
| CN207276321U (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2018-04-27 | 长沙理工大学 | A kind of ecological ground sills system for urban landscape rivers |
| CN214693503U (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-11-12 | 中国电建集团昆明勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Surface water circulation system in ecological sponge city |
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