CN112338580B - Variable-diameter three-point centering device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a variable-diameter three-point centering device in the technical field of lathe machining. The upper wedge and the lower wedge which can slide in the height direction and are oppositely connected are respectively connected, the upper wedge extending out of the outer baffle is connected with an upper clamping block, and the lower wedge extending out of the outer baffle is connected with a clamping block. The lower clamping block, the inner guide plate is slidably connected with a left-right movable block and an intermediate transmission slider, the intermediate transmission slider extending out of the outer baffle is connected with a side clamping block, and the upper and lower wedges are connected to each other. The inner guide plate under the wedge is fixedly connected with a linear driver, and the linear driver is connected with a driving rod extending in a direction away from the outer baffle. The outer ends of the two driving rods are connected with a push rod beam, and the push rod beam The inward end is connected with the moving block; the invention can realize automatic positioning and has high efficiency.

Description

A three-point centering device with variable diameter

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of lathe processing, in particular to a three-point centering device with variable diameter.

Background technique

The center frame is usually used as an auxiliary positioning and clamping tool, and is widely used in lathes. When the lathe is processing some long-axis workpieces with weaker rigidity, in order to avoid the vibration generated by the cutting force and its own gravity. and deformation phenomenon, and improve the surface processing quality of the workpiece, it is necessary to use a steady rest for auxiliary positioning and clamping. However, at present, the positioning diameter of the traditional steady rest is fixed, and it is difficult for some curved rods or slender shafts with tapers to assist positioning. , and when processing long shaft workpieces, it is necessary to adjust the position of the center frame several times and re-positioning and clamping, which greatly affects the processing efficiency.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned technical problem of difficult positioning and clamping in the prior art, and to provide a three-point centering device with a variable diameter. The present invention automatically locates and clamps and improves processing efficiency. .

The purpose of the present invention is achieved as follows: a variable diameter three-point centering device, comprising an inner guide plate fixed on a machine tool, the left end of the inner guide plate is connected with an outer baffle plate, and the inner guide plate is The upper part and the lower part are respectively connected with an upper wedge and a lower wedge which can slide in the height direction and are oppositely arranged. The upper wedge extending out of the outer baffle is connected with an upper clamping block, and the lower wedge extending out of the outer baffle is connected with an upper clamping block. The upper part is connected with a lower clamping block, the inner guide plate is slidably connected with a moving block that can move left and right and an intermediate transmission slider, and a side clamping block is connected to the intermediate transmission slider extending out of the outer baffle. The inner guide plates above the wedge and below the lower wedge are fixedly connected with linear actuators, the linear actuators are connected with driving rods that protrude in the direction away from the outer baffle, and the outer ends of the two driving rods are connected with A push rod beam, the inward end of the push rod beam is connected with the moving block.

In the present invention, the upper and lower parts of the outer baffle are respectively provided with outer guide ports, the outer baffle between the two outer guide ports is provided with a middle guide port, and the upper wedge and the lower wedge are respectively guided along the upper outer guide. The port and the lower outer guide port move up and down, and the side clamping block moves left and right along the middle guide port; the linear drive acts to move the drive rod to the left, the upper part of the moving block pushes the upper wedge to move upward, and the lower part of the moving block pushes the downward slope The wedge moves downward, the middle transmission slider moves to the right under the action of the upper wedge and the lower wedge, and the upper clamps the block. The lower clamping block and the side clamping block are opened; when the workpiece needs to be clamped, the linear drive acts in the opposite direction, the driving rod moves to the right, the driving rod pushes the push rod beam to the right, and the push rod beam drives the moving block to move to the right, The moving block drives the upper wedge to move downward and the lower wedge to move upward, and the middle transmission slider moves to the left under the action of the upper wedge and the lower wedge until the upper, lower and side clamping blocks The linear drive stops moving until the workpiece is clamped; the invention has a reliable structure, can automatically locate and clamp the workpiece, does not need to be re-clamped during the working process, improves the processing efficiency, and can be applied to the positioning work when processing rods.

In order to further realize the lifting and lowering of the upper wedge and the lower wedge, the upward end of the moving block is fixedly connected with an upper slope guide block, and the upper slope guide block is slidably connected to the downward end of the upper wedge. The downward end is fixedly connected with a lower inclined surface guide block, the lower inclined surface guide block is slidably connected to the upward end of the lower wedge, and the upper part of the middle transmission slider is slidably connected to the other end of the upper wedge downward, The lower part of the intermediate transmission slider is slidably connected to the other end of the lower wedge facing upward.

In order to further realize the movement of the moving block, the push rod beam is provided with a chute, the end of the moving block opposite to the push rod beam is provided with a connecting groove, the push rod beam can extend into the connecting groove, and the moving block is provided with a connecting groove. Connecting holes, use connecting pins to pass through the connecting holes and the chute in turn to connect the moving block and the push rod beam together.

In order to further improve the reliability of the lifting and lowering of the upper wedge and the lower wedge, a guide rod support block is fixedly connected to the upper part and the upper part of the moving block on the side where the push rod beam is arranged, and the guide rod support block is connected with a horizontally arranged The guide rod is sleeved with a return spring, and the inner guide plate is fixedly connected with two guide seats spaced apart in the height direction. The guide seats are provided with guide holes, and the guide rod can be guided by The hole slides horizontally along the guide seat, one end of the return spring is connected with the guide rod support block, and the other end of the return spring is connected with the guide seat.

In order to further improve the smoothness of the horizontal movement of the intermediate transmission slider, a moving groove is opened on the side of the moving block opposite to the outer baffle plate, the intermediate transmission slider can be inserted into the moving groove, and the inner guide plate is fixed A horizontal sliding seat is connected, the inner side of the intermediate transmission sliding block is fixedly connected with a horizontal sliding block, and the horizontal sliding seat is slidably connected to the horizontal sliding block.

In order to further improve the reliability of the lifting of the upper wedge and the lower wedge, an upper fixing seat is fixedly connected to the upper part of the inner guide plate, a lower fixing seat is fixedly connected to the lower part of the inner guide plate, and an upper fixing seat is opened on the upper fixing seat. A lifting groove, a lower lifting groove is opened on the lower fixing seat, an upper sliding block is slidably connected to the upper fixing seat through the upper lifting groove, and a lower sliding block is slidably connected to the lower fixing seat through the lower lifting groove. The inclined wedge is fixedly connected with the upper sliding block, and the lower inclined wedge is fixedly connected with the lower sliding block.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the upper wedge and the lower wedge are symmetrically arranged with respect to the center of the moving block in the height direction, and the vertical lines of the upper clamping block, the lower clamping block and the side clamping block always intersect at one point .

In order to further improve the reliability of the horizontal movement of the moving block, the inner guide plate is fixedly connected with two horizontal guide rails arranged at intervals in the height direction, and the moving block is slidably connected to the guide rails.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective structural view 1 of the three clamping blocks in the open state of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged view of A in FIG. 2 .

FIG. 4 is a second three-dimensional structural view of the three clamping blocks of the present invention in an open state.

FIG. 5 is a partial enlarged view of B in FIG. 4 .

FIG. 6 is a three-dimensional structural view of the three clamping blocks in the open state of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a three-dimensional structural view of the three clamping blocks in the present invention when they are shrunk.

Among them, 1 moving block, 2 lower inclined surface guide block, 3 lower wedge, 4 lower clamping block, 5 side clamping block, 6 upper clamping block, 7 upper wedge, 8 intermediate transmission slider, 9 upper inclined surface guide Block, 10 Linear Actuator, 11 Drive Rod, 12 Guide Base, 13 Push Rod Beam, 14 Outer Guide Port, 15 Middle Guide Port, 16 Guide Rod Support Block, 17 Return Spring, 18 Guide Rod, 19 Outer Baffle, 20 Inner Guide plate, 21 horizontal slider, 22 horizontal slider, 23 connecting pin, 24 chute, 25 lower fixed seat, 26 lower slider, 27 upper fixed seat, 28 upper slider.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figures 1 to 7, a variable diameter three-point centering device includes an inner guide plate 20 fixed on the machine tool, the left end of the inner guide plate 20 is connected with an outer baffle 19, The upper part and the lower part are respectively connected with the upper wedge 7 and the lower wedge 2 which can slide in the height direction and are oppositely arranged. The upper wedge 7 extending out of the outer baffle 19 is connected with the upper clamping block 6, which extends out of the outer baffle. The lower cam 2 outside 19 is connected with the lower clamping block 4, and the inner guide plate 20 is slidably connected with the moving block 1 and the intermediate transmission slider 8 that can move left and right, in order to further improve the reliability of the horizontal movement of the moving block 1. The inner guide plate 20 is fixedly connected with two horizontal guide rails arranged at intervals in the height direction, the moving block 1 is slidably connected to the guide rails, and the intermediate transmission slider 8 extending out of the outer baffle 19 is connected with a side rail. The clamping block 5, the inner guide plate 20 above the upper wedge 7 and below the lower wedge 2 is fixedly connected with the linear actuator 10, and the linear actuator 10 is connected with a drive rod extending in the direction away from the outer baffle 19 11. The outer ends of the two driving rods 11 are connected with a push rod beam 13, and the inward end of the push rod beam 13 is connected with the moving block 1.

In order to further realize the lifting and lowering of the upper wedge 7 and the lower wedge 2, the upward end of the moving block 1 is fixedly connected with the upper slope guide block 9, and the upper slope guide block 9 is slidably connected to the downward end of the upper wedge 7. The downward end of the moving block 1 is fixedly connected with the lower inclined surface guide block 2, the lower inclined surface guide block 2 is slidably connected to the upward end of the lower wedge 2, and the upper part of the intermediate transmission slider 8 is slidably connected to the upper wedge 7. On the other end facing downward, the lower part of the intermediate transmission slider 8 is slidably connected to the other end of the lower wedge 2 facing upward; the upper part of the inner guide plate 20 is fixedly connected with the upper fixing seat 27, and the lower part of the inner guide plate 20 is fixedly connected with a The lower fixing base 25, the upper fixing base 27 is provided with an upper lifting groove, the lower fixing base 25 is provided with a lower lifting groove, the upper fixing base 27 is slidably connected to the upper sliding block 28 through the upper lifting groove, and the lower fixing base 25 is slidably connected to the upper sliding block 28. The lower lifting groove is slidably connected with the lower sliding block 26 , the upper wedge 7 is fixedly connected with the upper sliding block 28 , and the lower wedge 2 is fixedly connected with the lower sliding block 26 .

In order to further realize the movement of the moving block 1, the push rod beam 13 is provided with a chute 24, and the end of the moving block 1 opposite to the push rod beam 13 is provided with a connecting groove, and the push rod beam 13 can extend into the connecting groove, and the moving block 1 There is a connecting hole on the top, and the connecting pin 23 is used to pass through the connecting hole and the chute 24 to connect the moving block 1 and the push rod beam 13 together. There is a guide rod support block 16, the guide rod support block 16 is connected with a horizontally arranged guide rod 18, the guide rod 18 is sleeved with a return spring 17, and the inner guide plate 20 is fixedly connected with two guide rods arranged at intervals in the height direction. The seat 12, the guide seat 12 is provided with a guide hole, the guide rod 18 can slide horizontally along the guide seat 12 through the guide hole, one end of the return spring 17 is connected with the guide rod support block 16, and the other end of the return spring 17 is connected with the guide seat 12 Connection; the moving block 1 is provided with a moving groove on the side opposite to the outer baffle 19, the intermediate transmission slider 8 can be inserted into the moving groove, the inner guide plate 20 is fixedly connected with a horizontal sliding seat 22, and the intermediate transmission slider 8 faces inward A horizontal sliding block 21 is fixedly connected to one side of the horizontal sliding block 21 , and the horizontal sliding seat 22 is slidably connected to the horizontal sliding block 21 .

The upper wedge 7 and the lower wedge 2 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the center of the moving block 1 in the height direction, and the vertical lines of the upper clamping block 6 , the lower clamping block 4 and the side clamping block 5 always intersect at one point.

In the present invention, the upper and lower parts of the outer baffle plate 19 are respectively provided with outer guide openings 14 , the outer baffle plate 19 between the two outer guide openings 14 is opened with a middle guide opening 15 , the upper wedge 7 and the lower wedge 2 Move up and down along the upper outer guide port 14 and the lower outer guide port 14 respectively, the side clamping block 5 moves left and right along the middle guide port 15, and the linear actuator 10 is an electric push rod; first install and fix the inner guide plate 20 on the machine tool the guide rail, and at the same time cooperate with the tool changer, so that it can follow the turning tool to slide along the guide rail of the machine tool. Before use, the linear drive 10 moves to move the drive rod 11 to the left. When the rightmost end of the chute 24 is in contact with the connecting pin 23 When the push rod beam 13 pushes the moving block 1 to the left, the return spring 17 is in a stretched state, the upper wedge 7 and the lower wedge 2 move up and down respectively under the action of the moving block 1, and the middle transmission block is on the upper The cam 7 and the lower cam 2 move to the right, and the upper clamping block 6, the lower clamping block 4 and the side clamping block 5 are opened; when the workpiece needs to be positioned and clamped, the linear actuator 10 is reversed. Action, the drive rod 11 extends outward, the moving block 1 is reset under the action of the reset spring 17, the moving block 1 moves to the right, the upper wedge 7 moves downward, the upper wedge 7 moves upward, and the intermediate transmission slider 8 moves toward the Move to the left, if the reset spring 17 can clamp the workpiece before or during reset, adjust the position of the push rod beam 13 so that the leftmost end of the chute 24 is in contact with the connecting pin 23. If the reset spring 17 still cannot clamp the workpiece after reset, The linear actuator 10 continues to move in the reverse direction. When the leftmost end of the chute 24 is in contact with the connecting pin 23, the push rod beam 13 pulls the moving block 1 to move to the right, and the return spring 17 compresses. When the workpiece is clamped, the linear actuator 10 stops moving; During the process, if the radius of the workpiece contour expands, the linear actuator 10 moves to move the drive rod 11 to the left, and the moving block 1 moves to the left under the action of the return spring 17, so that the upper clamping block 6, the lower clamping block 4 and the side The clamping block 5 automatically expands and controls the position of the driving rod 11, so that the three clamping blocks are always in a clamped state; if the radius of the workpiece contour decreases, the linear actuator 10 continues to move in the opposite direction, the driving rod 11 moves to the right, and the push rod The cross beam 13 pulls the moving block 1 to move to the right through the connecting pin 23. When the workpiece is clamped, the linear actuator 10 stops moving; the present invention has an ingenious structure, which combines the automatic positioning and clamping of the workpiece and the action of positioning and clamping by external driving. The process time of repeated clamping and positioning is saved, and the production efficiency is greatly improved; it can be applied to the work of positioning the workpiece during processing.

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. On the basis of the technical solutions disclosed in the present invention, those skilled in the art can make some substitutions and modifications to some of the technical features according to the disclosed technical contents without creative work. Modifications, replacements and modifications are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A three-point centering device with variable diameter, characterized in that it comprises an inner guide plate fixed on a machine tool, the left end of the inner guide plate is connected with an outer baffle plate, and the upper and lower parts of the inner guide plate are The upper wedge and the lower wedge which can slide in the height direction and are oppositely connected are respectively connected, the upper wedge extending out of the outer baffle is connected with an upper clamping block, and the lower wedge extending out of the outer baffle is connected with an upper clamping block. The lower clamping block, the inner guide plate is slidably connected with a left-right movable block and an intermediate transmission slider, the intermediate transmission slider extending out of the outer baffle is connected with a side clamping block, and the upper wedge is above the upper wedge. A linear driver is fixedly connected to the inner guide plate below the lower wedge, the linear driver is connected with a driving rod extending in the direction away from the outer baffle, and the outer ends of the two driving rods are connected with a push rod beam , the inward end of the push rod beam is connected with the moving block, the push rod beam is provided with a chute, the end of the moving block opposite to the push rod beam is provided with a connecting groove, and the push rod beam can extend into the connecting groove , the moving block is provided with a connecting hole, and the connecting pin is used to pass through the connecting hole and the chute to connect the moving block and the push rod beam together. A guide rod support block, the guide rod support block is connected with a horizontally arranged guide rod, the guide rod is sleeved with a return spring, and the inner guide plate is fixedly connected with two guide seats arranged at intervals in the height direction, so The guide seat is provided with a guide hole, the guide rod can slide horizontally along the guide seat through the guide hole, one end of the return spring is connected with the guide rod support block, and the other end of the return spring is connected with the guide seat. 2 . The variable diameter three-point centering device according to claim 1 , wherein the upward end of the moving block is fixedly connected with an upper inclined surface guide block, and the upper inclined surface guide block is slidable. 3 . Connected to the downward end of the upper wedge, the downward end of the moving block is fixedly connected with a lower slope guide block, the lower slope guide block is slidably connected to the upward end of the lower wedge, and the upper part of the intermediate transmission slider is slidable The lower part of the middle transmission slider is slidably connected to the other end of the lower wedge facing upwards. 3. A three-point centering device with variable diameter according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, a moving groove is opened on one side of the moving block relative to the outer baffle plate, and the intermediate transmission slider is provided with a moving groove. It can be inserted into the moving groove, the inner guide plate is fixedly connected with a horizontal sliding seat, the inner side of the intermediate transmission sliding block is fixedly connected with a horizontal sliding block, and the horizontal sliding seat is slidably connected to the horizontal sliding block superior. 4. A three-point centering device with variable diameter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the upper part of the inner guide plate is fixedly connected with an upper fixing seat, and the lower part of the inner guide plate is fixedly connected with a lower part. A fixed seat, the upper fixed seat is provided with an upper lifting groove, the lower fixed seat is provided with a lower lifting groove, the upper fixed seat is slidably connected with the upper sliding block through the upper lifting groove, and the lower fixed seat is connected with the lower lifting groove. A lower slider is slidably connected, the upper wedge is fixedly connected to the upper slider, and the lower wedge is fixedly connected to the lower slider. 5. A three-point centering device with variable diameter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the upper wedge and the lower wedge are symmetrically arranged with respect to the center of the moving block in the height direction, and the upper clamp The vertical lines of the holding block, the lower holding block and the side holding block always meet at one point. 6. A three-point centering device with variable diameter according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, two guide rails spaced apart and horizontal in the height direction are fixedly connected on the inner guide plate, so The moving block is slidably connected to the guide rail.

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