CN112322468B - One-way negative pressure adsorption sampling and filtering device and method - Google Patents
One-way negative pressure adsorption sampling and filtering device and methodInfo
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- CN112322468B CN112322468B CN202011310207.0A CN202011310207A CN112322468B CN 112322468 B CN112322468 B CN 112322468B CN 202011310207 A CN202011310207 A CN 202011310207A CN 112322468 B CN112322468 B CN 112322468B
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- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M33/00—Means for introduction, transport, positioning, extraction, harvesting, peeling or sampling of biological material in or from the apparatus
- C12M33/04—Means for introduction, transport, positioning, extraction, harvesting, peeling or sampling of biological material in or from the apparatus by injection or suction, e.g. using pipettes, syringes, needles
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- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M33/00—Means for introduction, transport, positioning, extraction, harvesting, peeling or sampling of biological material in or from the apparatus
- C12M33/14—Means for introduction, transport, positioning, extraction, harvesting, peeling or sampling of biological material in or from the apparatus with filters, sieves or membranes
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
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- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
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- C12Q1/24—Methods of sampling, or inoculating or spreading a sample; Methods of physically isolating an intact microorganisms
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N1/14—Suction devices, e.g. pumps; Ejector devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/34—Purifying; Cleaning
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N1/14—Suction devices, e.g. pumps; Ejector devices
- G01N2001/1418—Depression, aspiration
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Abstract
The invention provides a unidirectional negative pressure adsorption sampling filtration device and a method, wherein the device comprises a liquid taking pipe, a liquid inlet end of the liquid taking pipe is provided with an oblique puncture port, and a liquid outlet end of the liquid taking pipe is connected with a unidirectional valve; the filter comprises a liquid inlet end, a negative pressure metering bottle, a negative pressure vacuum pump, a filter cavity and a filter medium, wherein the liquid inlet end of the filter is connected with the one-way valve, the liquid outlet end of the filter is connected with the stop valve, the negative pressure metering bottle is connected with the stop valve through a connecting pipe, the liquid outlet end of the filter is connected with the negative pressure vacuum pump through an air guide pipe, and the filter cavity is internally provided with the filter medium and is filled with the filter medium. The device simplifies the operation procedure and improves the operation safety. The method adopts a microporous filter membrane as a filter medium, and comprises the specific operation processes of instrument assembly, disinfection, sterile puncture drainage, negative pressure flow control, quantitative adsorption filtration, sample preparation storage, transportation, clean area filter membrane transfer and biochemical culture. The microporous filter membrane sample is prepared by directly carrying out water sample collection and adsorption on a water quality sampling site, so that the purposes of preparing the sample in real time, conveniently, quickly and pollution-free are realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological and chemical filtration preparation samples, and particularly relates to a unidirectional negative pressure adsorption sampling filtration device and method.
Background
The preparation of reagents, standard solutions and liquid samples by filtration are commonly used in the field of daily biochemical analysis, so as to achieve the purposes of impurity removal, homogenization, purification, sterilization and the like. Removing impurities, namely removing larger particles, crystals, gel bodies, floccules and the like in the solution by filtering, homogenizing, namely separating dispersion particles in suspension and emulsion systems by filtering, reducing the size of the dispersion and improving the distribution uniformity of the dispersion, purifying, namely removing tiny particles, plankton, mineral rock, heavy metal ions and the like by filtering through a filter membrane, and sterilizing, namely blocking microorganisms from penetrating to a filtrate interface by utilizing the bacterial filtering characteristic of a nano microporous filter membrane.
At present, the solvent filter that chemistry experiment room and analysis laboratory are commonly used divides into organic and inorganic two kinds according to the filter membrane material, and the material selects full glassware, and bulk quality is great, and experimental operation process is often fragile, and belongs to forward open-type filtration, and the laboratory operator need empty the transfer solution, has great safe operation risk, and is unfavorable for operations such as seal, aseptic.
In addition, since drinking water is contaminated with microorganisms such as pseudomonas aeruginosa and the like, the safety of drinking water quality is affected, and thus it is necessary to perform safety detection on drinking water quality.
In the conventional method for preparing samples by detection, a container is generally used for collecting an aqueous solution sample in the field, the aqueous solution sample is taken back to a laboratory after collection, and a sterile filtering operation is performed on a clean bench of 100 stages. However, the filtration devices currently in use are relatively bulky and lack a matched disinfection device. Moreover, because the collection and the sample preparation of the water quality sample are carried out in stages, the inspection time period is naturally prolonged, the risk of cross contamination is easily increased, and the procedures of disinfection, sampling, transferring, filtering and the like are complicated and fine in operation, so that the requirements on inspection personnel are high, the working strength is high, and the working efficiency is delayed.
In the traditional sample preparation method, the operation processes of sampling, transferring and filter membrane preparation are longer, the clean environment and space requirements are wider, the collection container needs to be thoroughly disinfected, otherwise, target microorganisms are easily affected by the water storage container, the sampling environment, the transportation condition and the like, and secondary pollution uncertainty such as contact of transportation and storage materials, outdoor air, multiple transfer and other mediums can be generated. Therefore, on the premise of no significant influence, a new sampling device needs to be developed to simplify the water quality preparation sample flow and improve the work effect.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide the unidirectional negative pressure adsorption sampling filter device, which reduces the complex operation process of liquid transfer filtration through synchronous operation of adsorption filtration, avoids the risks of solution filtration operation such as easy volatilization, easy corrosion, easy pollution and the like, and improves the safety protection performance of experimental filtration operation.
The invention further aims to provide a sterile operation method for preparing a microbial filter membrane sample in a minimally invasive manner, wherein a filter medium adopted by the method is a microporous filter membrane, and the characteristics of minimally invasive puncture, unidirectional cut-off, reverse liquid extraction, negative pressure filtration, strain adsorption, filtrate metering, negative pressure adsorption, high-temperature sterilization and the like can be completed by adopting a unidirectional negative pressure adsorption sampling filter device, and the microporous filter membrane sample of microbial target bacteria is directly adsorbed and prepared on a water quality sampling site, so that the water sample collection and filter membrane filtration operation are completed at one time, and the purposes of preparing the sample in real time, convenience, rapidness and no pollution are realized.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows.
A unidirectional negative pressure adsorption sampling filtration device, comprising:
The liquid inlet end of the liquid taking pipe is provided with an oblique puncture port, and the liquid outlet end of the liquid taking pipe is connected with a one-way valve;
The liquid inlet end of the filter is connected with the one-way valve, and the liquid outlet end of the filter is connected with a stop valve;
The liquid inlet end of the negative pressure measuring bottle is connected with the stop valve through a connecting pipe, and the liquid outlet end of the negative pressure measuring bottle is connected with a negative pressure vacuum pump through an air duct;
The filter is internally provided with a filter cavity, and the filter cavity is filled with filter media.
Further, the side edges of the filter cavity, which are close to the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet, are respectively provided with a protective film, and the filter medium is any one or more of a sand core, filter paper, active carbon, diatomite and anhydrous sodium sulfate.
Further, a protective film is arranged on one side of the filter cavity close to the liquid outlet, the filter medium is a microporous filter film for adsorbing microorganism samples, and the microporous filter film is a 0.45 mu m filter film.
The liquid taking tube is a minimally invasive puncture tube, a tube head sterile protective cover is sleeved on the tube head of the liquid taking tube, and the length of the liquid taking tube is 5-20 cm.
Further, the check valve includes:
a communicating pipe, in which a unidirectional cut-off cavity is arranged;
the movable stop component is arranged in the one-way stop cavity, and is combined with the one-way stop cavity to form a passage for liquid to pass through along with the liquid flow.
Still further, the movable cutoff part includes:
the stop block is arranged at the liquid inlet end of the unidirectional stop cavity, one side of the stop block is provided with an arc-shaped sealing part, and the other side of the stop block is connected with a limiting slide rod;
The stop groove body is arranged at the liquid outlet end of the unidirectional stop cavity, a return spring is arranged in the stop groove body, and one end of the limit sliding rod penetrates through the return spring and penetrates out of the stop groove body;
The blocking groove body is fixedly connected with the liquid outlet end of the unidirectional stop cavity through a plurality of fixing blocks.
Further, the outer diameter of the arc-shaped sealing part is larger than the inner diameter of the communication pipe, and one side of the arc-shaped sealing part is abutted against the inner wall of the one-way stop cavity.
Further, the filter comprises a first filter and a second filter, and the first filter is in sealing and detachable connection with the second filter;
The first filter and the second filter are combined to form a filter cavity for accommodating the filter medium, and a sealing ring is arranged at the outer edge of the filter cavity.
Further, a sealing head is arranged on the negative pressure measuring bottle, and a liquid level measuring tube is arranged in the negative pressure measuring bottle, one end of the sealing head is abutted to one end of the liquid level measuring tube, and the negative pressure measuring bottle is communicated with the liquid level measuring tube;
the sealing head is provided with a liquid inlet connector and an exhaust connector, one end of the liquid inlet connector, which is positioned in the sealing head, extends into the liquid level meter tube, and the other end of the liquid inlet connector is in sealing detachable connection with the connecting pipe;
one end of the exhaust joint, which is positioned in the sealing head, is arranged on the upper side of the liquid level meter tube, and the other end of the exhaust joint is in sealing detachable connection with the air duct.
The invention also provides a sterile operation method for preparing the microbial filter membrane sample by micro-creation by adopting the unidirectional negative pressure adsorption sampling filter device, which comprises the following steps:
S1, assembling a liquid taking pipe, a one-way valve, a filter, a stop valve and a negative pressure metering bottle, and then sterilizing;
S2, connecting the negative pressure measuring bottle with a negative pressure vacuum pump, puncturing the beveled end part of the liquid taking pipe into a water sample, opening a stop valve, starting the negative pressure vacuum pump, enabling the water sample to enter the negative pressure measuring bottle through a filter, and adsorbing microorganisms in the water sample on a filter medium for preparing a microporous filter membrane sample, wherein the filter medium is a microporous filter membrane;
After adsorption sampling filtration, closing a stop valve after filtrate meets a certain capacity;
S3, placing the one-way valve, the filter and the stop valve in a sterile storage box for sample preparation, storing and transporting, and then transferring a microporous filter membrane sample in a clean area;
S4, transferring the microorganisms on the microporous filter membrane sample into a culture dish for biochemical culture for water quality microorganism detection.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. The device reduces the complex operation process of liquid transfer filtration through synchronous operation of adsorption filtration, avoids the risks of solution filtration operation such as easy volatilization, easy corrosion, easy pollution and the like, and improves the safety protection performance of experimental filtration operation.
2. The device is formed by sequentially connecting three units of sampling, filtering and negative pressure, wherein the sampling unit mainly comprises a liquid taking pipe and a one-way valve, liquid sucking operation is carried out through the liquid taking pipe, and the functions of one-way stop and reverse liquid extraction are realized. The filter unit comprises a filter and a stop valve, wherein a filter medium and a protective film are additionally arranged in a filter cavity of the filter, and when the filter medium adopts a microporous filter membrane, the filter medium can be used for realizing negative pressure filtration and strain adsorption functions. The negative pressure unit comprises a negative pressure measuring bottle, the negative pressure is kept in the negative pressure measuring bottle through a negative pressure vacuum pump, and then filtrate is quantitatively adsorbed in the negative pressure measuring bottle, so that the filtrate metering and negative pressure adsorption functions are realized. The whole device has light weight, easy carrying, pressure resistance, good connection air tightness, adjustable negative pressure and negative pressure not lower than 0.04MPa.
3. The device combines the negative pressure adsorption liquid taking of the static liquid level with the unidirectional multi-medium adsorption filtration, can improve the inspection timeliness and the working efficiency of a laboratory, can prevent the safety risk of biochemical operation, avoid the pollution of open environment, reduce the working strength of conventional operation in the detection process of personnel, and solve the problems of complicated manual operation in the processes of pouring liquid, adsorption transfer and quantitative filtration in the detection process of the laboratory.
4. The filter medium adopted by the method is a microporous filter membrane, and the sampling tube is a minimally invasive puncture tube. The specific operation process comprises the steps of instrument assembly, disinfection, sterile puncture drainage, negative pressure flow control, quantitative adsorption filtration, sample preparation, storage and transportation, clean area filter membrane transfer and biochemical culture. The method simplifies the operation flow of sample preparation, can complete the characteristic functions of minimally invasive puncture, unidirectional cut-off, reverse liquid extraction, negative pressure filtration, strain adsorption, filtrate metering, negative pressure adsorption, high temperature disinfection and the like, directly adsorbs and prepares the microporous filter membrane sample of the microorganism target bacteria on the water quality sampling site, completes the water sample collection and filter membrane filtration operation at one time, achieves the purposes of preparing the sample in real time, conveniently, quickly and pollution-free, avoids cross contamination of water sample collection and site preparation, simplifies the operation procedures, and improves the working efficiency.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a unidirectional negative pressure adsorption sampling filtration device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a portion a in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the liquid taking tube in fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the check valve in fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the check valve of fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the check valve in fig. 4 in use.
Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the filter of fig. 1.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the negative pressure measuring flask in fig. 1.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a unidirectional negative pressure adsorption sampling filtration device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a liquid taking pipe, 11, an oblique puncture port, 12, an oblique joint, 13 and a pipe head sterile protective cover;
2. The check valve, 21, the communicating pipe, 211, the check stop cavity, 22, the movable stop component, 221, the stop block, 222, the arc sealing part, 223, the limit slide bar, 224, the blocking groove body, 225, the return spring, 226, the fixed block;
3. the filter comprises a filter, a filter cavity, 32, a filter medium, 33, a protective film, 34, a first filter, 35, a second filter, 36, a sealing ring, 4 and a stop valve;
5. The vacuum measuring device comprises a negative pressure measuring bottle, a sealing head, a liquid inlet connector, a gas outlet connector, a liquid level measuring tube, a 541 liquid level measuring tube, a tube orifice limiting part, a 55 bottle opening clamping part, a 6 connecting tube, a 7 gas guide tube, a8 negative pressure vacuum pump and a connecting tube.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic structure diagram of a unidirectional negative pressure adsorption sampling filtration device according to an embodiment of the invention is shown. The device is mainly applied to biochemical filtration liquid taking operation in a laboratory. The device comprises a liquid taking pipe 1, a filter 3 and a negative pressure measuring bottle 5.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a liquid inlet end of a liquid taking tube 1 is provided with an oblique puncture 11, and a liquid outlet end thereof is connected with a one-way valve 2. The liquid sucking operation is carried out through the liquid sucking pipe, and the functions of unidirectional cut-off and reverse liquid extraction are realized.
Wherein, the tube head of the liquid taking tube 1 can be made of different corrosion resistant materials and has different tube diameter specifications. For example, the material of the tube head of the liquid-taking tube is suitable for liquid, and the length of the liquid-taking tube 1 can be determined by immersing in a liquid-level medium, and is about 5-20 cm. The outer diameter and the inner diameter of the liquid taking pipe 1 are about 2-8 mm, specifically, the inner diameter of the liquid taking pipe 1 is sequentially reduced from top to bottom, and the inner diameter of the beveled end part of the liquid taking pipe 1 is 2-5 mm.
The liquid outlet end of the liquid taking pipe 1 is provided with an inclined joint 12, and the inclined joint 12 is in sealing and detachable connection with the liquid inlet end of the one-way valve 2. Of course, the upper end dimension of the diagonal joint 12 is greater than the lower end dimension, for example, the upper inner diameter dimension of the diagonal joint 12 is about 12.6mm and the lower inner diameter dimension is about 12.2mm. Of course, a sealing ring can be sleeved at the lower end of the one-way valve 2, the upper outer diameter of the sealing ring is about 12.6mm, and the lower outer diameter of the sealing ring is about 12.2mm. The lower end of the one-way valve 2 is pressed in the inclined joint 12, and the sealing ring is tightly attached to the inner wall of the inclined joint 12, so that the sealing tightness of the inclined joint 12 and the one-way valve 2 can be improved. Of course, a clamping component can be additionally arranged at the connecting end of the inclined joint 12 and the one-way valve 2, so that the connection tightness is further improved.
Referring to fig. 1 and 7, a liquid inlet end of a filter 3 is connected with a one-way valve 2, a liquid outlet end of the filter 3 is connected with a stop valve 4, a liquid inlet end of a negative pressure measuring bottle 5 is connected with the stop valve 4 through a connecting pipe 6, and a liquid outlet end of the negative pressure measuring bottle 5 is connected with a negative pressure vacuum pump 8 through an air duct 7.
For example, the upper inner diameter of the liquid outlet end of the check valve 2 is about 11.6mm, the lower inner diameter is about 10.6mm, the upper outer diameter of the liquid inlet end of the filter 3 is about 11.6mm, the lower outer diameter is about 10.6mm, and the inner diameter is about phi 5mm, so that the liquid inlet end of the filter 3 can be tightly inserted into the liquid outlet end of the check valve 2. The upper outer diameter of the liquid outlet end of the filter 3 is about 10.6mm, the lower outer diameter is about 11.6mm, the inner diameter of the liquid inlet end of the stop valve 4 is about 10.6mm, the lower inner diameter is about 11.6mm, and the inner diameter is about 4mm, so that the liquid outlet end of the filter 3 can be tightly inserted on the liquid inlet end of the stop valve 4.
Wherein, filter chamber 31 is arranged in filter 3, and filter medium 32 is filled in filter chamber 31. When the device is applied to the filtering operation of a chemical laboratory or an analysis laboratory, the side edges of the filter cavity 31, which are close to the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet, are respectively provided with a protective film 33, and the filter medium 32 is any one or more of sand cores, filter papers, activated carbon, diatomite and anhydrous sodium sulfate. Different filter media may be selected for different filtered liquids and filtration purposes.
Of course, the filter 3 is of a detachable structure in order to facilitate replacement of the multi-medium filter. Specifically, the filter 3 comprises a first filter 34 and a second filter 35, the first filter 34 and the second filter 35 are connected in a sealing and detachable mode, the first filter 34 and the second filter 35 are combined to form a filter cavity 31 for containing the filter medium 32, and a sealing ring 36 is arranged on the outer edge of the filter cavity 31.
For example, the first filter is screwed to the second filter and a communicating cavity, i.e. the filter chamber 31, is formed between the first filter and the second filter. After placement of the filter medium and the protective film, the volume of the cavity can be reduced by screwing the first filter and the second filter, thereby pressing the protective film against the filter medium 32.
In this embodiment, the puncture and liquid taking operation is facilitated by the oblique puncture port 11. Because the length of the liquid taking pipe is relatively longer, the liquid taking pipe 1 can be directly penetrated into the liquid medium to be taken, and the operation processes of carrying, transferring and dumping of an experimenter are omitted. The negative pressure suction filtration liquid taking operation can be performed in real time, conveniently and quickly without pollution. Of course, the one-way valve 2 can realize one-way cut-off and reverse liquid extraction functions, and avoid liquid flowing back into the sampled liquid in the negative pressure sampling process, thereby causing secondary pollution of the sampled liquid.
The device is through getting liquid with the negative pressure absorption of quiet liquid level and filtering the combination with unidirectional multimedium absorption, can improve laboratory's inspection ageing and work efficiency, can prevent biochemical operation safety risk, avoids open-type environmental pollution, reduces the working strength of conventional operation in the personnel's the testing process, and has solved the laboratory and has emptyd liquid, adsorb and shift, the complex manual operation problem in the multimedium filtration in the testing process.
Referring to fig. 4 to 6, the check valve 2 includes a communication pipe 21 and a movable shut-off member 22.
A one-way shut-off chamber 211 is provided in the communication pipe 21, and for example, the communication pipe 21 includes a first connection member 201 and a second connection member 202, an upper end of the first connection member 201 is abutted against an inner wall of the second connection member 202, and the first connection member 201 is screw-connected with the second connection member 202. Of course, a sealing collar may be sleeved on the end of the first connector 201 to improve the connection tightness and tightness between the first connector 201 and the second connector 202. Thereby forming a passage for the passage of liquid between the first connector 201 and the second connector 202.
The movable shut-off member 22 is disposed in the one-way shut-off chamber 211, and as the liquid flows, the movable shut-off member 22 and the one-way shut-off chamber 211 combine to form a passage through which the liquid passes.
Specifically, the movable cutoff member 22 includes a cutoff block 221 and a blocking groove 224.
The stop block 221 is arranged at the liquid inlet end of the unidirectional stop cavity 211, one side of the stop block 221 is provided with an arc-shaped sealing part 222, and the other side is connected with a limit sliding rod 223. Here, the one-way stop cavity 211 is provided with an arc inner cavity wall near the liquid inlet, and the arc sealing part of the stop block is abutted with the arc inner cavity wall and can seal the liquid inlet of the one-way stop cavity.
The blocking groove body 224 is arranged at the liquid outlet end of the unidirectional stop cavity 211, a return spring 225 is arranged in the blocking groove body 224, and one end of the limiting slide rod 223 penetrates through the return spring 225 and penetrates out of the blocking groove body 224. Here, the blocking groove 224 and the blocking block 221 are respectively provided with a receiving groove therebetween, and are combined to form a receiving cavity, and the return spring 225 is disposed in the receiving cavity. The blocking groove 224 is provided with a through groove, one end of the limit sliding rod 223 is fixedly arranged in the accommodating groove of the blocking block 221, and the other end of the limit sliding rod passes through the through groove and can move along the through groove.
During the use, when being in normal pressure environment in the cavity, the arc sealing portion of stopping piece butt is on the arc inner chamber wall of one-way shutoff chamber, and the spring is in the state of compressing this moment for the stop piece keeps the butt on the inlet of one-way shutoff chamber.
When being in negative pressure environment in the cavity, cut-off piece receives negative pressure effect and opens the inlet on the one hand, and on the other hand is driven to cut-off piece butt on blocking the cell body owing to the ascending drawing liquid of water sample, and then opens one-way shutoff chamber, forms the passageway that liquid passed through.
When liquid passes through, the negative pressure reduces along with the negative pressure drop, and when being smaller than the restoring force of the spring, the stop block moves downwards and is abutted on the arc inner cavity wall of the unidirectional stop cavity, and at the moment, the spring is in a compressed state, and the liquid inlet is closed.
The blocking groove 224 is fixedly connected with the liquid outlet end of the unidirectional cut-off cavity 211 through a plurality of fixing blocks 226. Here, because the fixed block makes and blocks and form a plurality of liquid holes between the inner wall that the cell body is close to the liquid outlet with one-way chamber that stops, when the fixed cell body that blocks, the liquid of being convenient for passes through.
The outer diameter of the arc-shaped sealing part 222 is larger than the inner diameter of the communicating pipe 21, and one side of the arc-shaped sealing part 222 is abutted against the inner wall of the one-way stop cavity 211 so as to form a seal for the liquid inlet of the one-way stop cavity.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2 and 8 again, the negative pressure measuring flask 5 is provided with a sealing head 51, and the sealing head 51 is in sealing and detachable connection with the negative pressure measuring flask 5, for example, the sealing head 51 is in threaded sealing connection with the negative pressure measuring flask 5.
The negative pressure metering bottle 5 is internally provided with a liquid level metering tube 54, one end of a sealing head 51 is abutted against one end of the liquid level metering tube 54, the negative pressure metering bottle 5 is communicated with the liquid level metering tube 54, the sealing head 51 is provided with a liquid inlet joint 52 and an air outlet joint 53, one end of the liquid inlet joint 52 positioned in the sealing head extends into the liquid level metering tube 54, the other end of the liquid inlet joint is in sealing detachable connection with the connecting tube 6, one end of the air outlet joint 53 positioned in the sealing head is arranged on the upper side of the liquid level metering tube 54, and the other end of the air outlet joint 53 is in sealing detachable connection with the air guide tube 7.
In this embodiment, be provided with the liquid level scale on the outer wall of level gauge buret, conveniently carry out negative pressure flow control and ration absorption filtration. In order to improve the negative pressure filtering effect, referring to fig. 2, a bottleneck clamping portion 55 is provided on the bottleneck of the negative pressure measuring bottle 5, a pipe orifice limiting portion 541 is provided on the pipe orifice of the liquid level measuring pipe 54, the liquid level measuring pipe 54 is accommodated in the negative pressure measuring bottle 5, at this time, the pipe orifice limiting portion 541 is clamped on the bottleneck clamping portion 55, so that an interval inner cavity is formed between the liquid level measuring pipe 54 and the negative pressure measuring bottle 5, and because a communication hole is formed between the liquid level measuring pipe 54 and the bottleneck clamping portion, the interval inner cavity is communicated with the inner cavity of the liquid level measuring pipe 54. Of course, a plurality of vent holes may also be provided on the orifice of the level gauge tube 54, further allowing the spacer lumen to communicate with the level gauge tube 54 through the plurality of vent holes. The negative pressure environment is conveniently formed in the interval inner cavity.
The negative pressure measuring bottle 5 provided by the embodiment is a positive negative pressure bottle, the liquid inlet connector 52 and the air outlet connector 53 are both positioned at the top of the negative pressure measuring bottle 5, and the bottle mouth is upward, so that a negative pressure environment is formed conveniently.
The end of the liquid inlet connector 52 in the negative pressure measuring bottle extends into the pipe orifice of the liquid level meter pipe 54, and the end of the air outlet connector 53 in the negative pressure measuring bottle is positioned on the upper side of the pipe orifice of the liquid level meter pipe 54, so that when liquid is sucked through the liquid inlet connector, the liquid does not influence the negative pressure suction through the air outlet connector, and liquid entering the liquid level meter pipe through the liquid inlet connector during the negative pressure suction can be prevented from being sucked into the negative pressure vacuum pump along with the negative pressure suction. Of course, control valves are provided on both the intake and exhaust fittings 52, 53. The negative pressure environment can be formed for the inner cavity of the negative pressure measuring bottle 5 through the negative pressure vacuum pump 8, and the whole negative pressure environment of the device is maintained, so that the sample liquid can be adsorbed and filtered quickly and conveniently. The exhaust joint 53 is connected with the negative pressure vacuum pump 8 through the air duct 7 for forming a negative pressure environment, and the liquid inlet joint 52 is connected with the stop valve 4 through the connecting pipe 6 for sampling and filtering, and the sampled liquid flows into the liquid level meter tube 54, and quantitative sampling is realized. By arranging the liquid level meter tube 54 in the negative pressure metering bottle 5, quantitative metering can be performed in the sampling process, and quantitative metering sampling of filtrate can be realized. The air extraction end of the negative pressure vacuum pump 8 is connected with a pressure gauge, and negative pressure is regulated through the pressure gauge so as to form a reasonable negative pressure sampling environment.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 9, a schematic structural diagram of a unidirectional negative pressure adsorption sampling filtration device according to another embodiment of the present invention is provided, and the device includes a liquid taking tube 1, a filter 3 and a negative pressure measuring bottle 5. The structure of the device is substantially the same as that of embodiment 1, except that,
The negative pressure metering bottle 5 is including feed liquor opening and negative pressure gas vent, and the feed liquor opening sets up in the bottom of negative pressure metering bottle 5, and the negative pressure gas vent sets up on the lateral wall at the top of negative pressure metering bottle 5, and the feed liquor opening passes through connecting pipe 6 to be connected with stop valve 4, and the negative pressure gas vent passes through air duct 7 to be connected with negative pressure vacuum pump 8 to can form the negative pressure environment to the device, so that filter the sample liquid fast and conveniently.
In this embodiment, the negative pressure measuring flask 5 is a reverse negative pressure flask, and the mouth of the flask is downward. The liquid inlet opening is provided with a liquid inlet connector 52, the negative pressure exhaust port is provided with an exhaust connector, the liquid inlet connector 52 and the exhaust connector 53 are communicated with the inner cavity of the negative pressure metering bottle 5, and the liquid inlet connector 52 and the exhaust connector 53 are provided with control valves. The outer wall of the negative pressure metering bottle 5 is provided with liquid level scales, so that negative pressure flow control and quantitative adsorption filtration are convenient to carry out.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 1, another embodiment of the present invention provides a unidirectional negative pressure adsorption sampling filtration device, which has a structure substantially the same as that of example 1, except that,
The device is mainly applied to the aseptic preparation of microbial samples. The liquid taking tube 1 is a minimally invasive puncture tube, a tube head sterile protection cover 13 is sleeved on the tube head of the liquid taking tube 1, and the tube head sterile protection is used for realizing sterile protection on the tube head of the liquid taking tube. The length of the liquid taking pipe 1 is 15-20 cm.
The filter chamber 31 is provided with a protection film 33 near the liquid outlet side, and the filter medium 32 is a microporous filter film for adsorbing microorganism samples. Wherein the microporous filter membrane 32 is a 0.45 μm filter membrane.
In this embodiment, a microporous filter membrane and a protective membrane 33 are sequentially disposed in the filter chamber along the liquid flow direction, and the microporous filter membrane is mainly used for adsorbing microorganism samples and filtering water samples. The protection film sets up in the one side that the filter chamber is close to the liquid outlet, can avoid the damage of negative pressure to millipore filter membrane. For example, the protective film is a plastic film.
In the embodiment, the device mainly comprises a sampling unit, a filtering unit and a negative pressure unit, wherein the minimally invasive puncture, one-way stop and reverse liquid extraction functions are realized through the sampling unit, the negative pressure filtering and strain adsorption functions are realized through the filtering unit, and the filtrate metering and negative pressure adsorption functions are realized through the negative pressure unit.
The device mainly selects light, transparent, pressure-resistant deformation, corrosion-resistant, high temperature-resistant, easy disinfection and ageing-resistant materials, and is preferably made of PP (polypropylene) plastic materials through injection molding and customization. All components for sampling and filtering are required to be connected and sealed, high-temperature-resistant and sterilized, and not easy to age and deform, and the negative pressure component is required to be pressure-resistant, good in connection air tightness, adjustable in negative pressure and not less than 0.07MPa.
The device has small volume, light weight, convenient indoor and outdoor carrying, simple connection combination and convenient operation process, can implement minimally invasive puncture, negative pressure drainage and adsorption lifting on the bottle (barrel) mouth for containing liquid, greatly improves the safety and convenience of operation, and has good application value.
The device can be used for establishing a sterile operation method for preparing a microbial filter membrane sample by a filter membrane method, and can be expanded to other microbial inspection application fields.
The aseptic operation method for preparing the microbial filter membrane sample by micro-creation by adopting the unidirectional negative pressure adsorption sampling filter device comprises the following steps of:
S1, assembling a liquid taking pipe 1, a one-way valve 2, a filter 3, a stop valve 4 and a negative pressure measuring bottle 5, and then sterilizing;
S2, connecting the negative pressure measuring bottle 5 with a negative pressure vacuum pump 8, puncturing the beveled end part of the liquid taking pipe 1 into a water sample, opening a stop valve 4, starting the negative pressure vacuum pump 8, enabling the water sample to enter the negative pressure measuring bottle 5 through a filter 3, adsorbing microorganisms in the water sample on a filter medium 32, and preparing a microporous filter membrane sample, wherein the filter medium 32 is a microporous filter membrane;
after adsorption sampling filtration, closing the stop valve 4 after the filtrate meets a certain capacity;
S3, placing the one-way valve 2, the filter 3 and the stop valve 4 in a sterile storage box for sample preparation, storing and transporting, and then transferring a microporous filter membrane sample in a clean area;
S4, transferring the microorganisms on the microporous filter membrane sample into a culture dish for biochemical culture for water quality microorganism detection.
The method mainly comprises the following procedures of instrument assembly, disinfection, sterile puncture drainage, negative pressure flow control, quantitative adsorption filtration, sample preparation, storage and transportation, clean area filter membrane transfer and biochemical culture.
The device needs to be assembled and sterilized before detection, high-temperature sterilization is adopted for sterilization, micro wound surface sterilization is carried out on the surface of barreled water, a tube head sterile protective cover 13 connected to a liquid taking tube is opened, and the liquid taking tube is inserted into the barreled water for adsorption, sampling and filtering operation. At this time, the filtrate was put into a negative pressure measuring flask, and the microorganism was adsorbed on a 0.45 μm microporous filter membrane to prepare a target bacteria-attached filter membrane sample. Transferring to an ultra-clean workbench through a sterile storage box, then transferring a microporous filter membrane, and placing the microporous filter membrane on a CN agar culture medium for subsequent microbiological examination procedures.
Compared with the traditional method, the method combines water sample collection and filter membrane filtration synchronously, implements a minimally invasive sterile operation means, avoids cross contamination of water sample collection and field preparation, shortens the detection process, realizes one-time preparation of the target microorganism filter membrane, and then brings the target microorganism filter membrane back to a laboratory for the next biochemical culture procedure, thereby improving inspection timeliness and working efficiency. The method avoids the phenomenon that the living state of the target microorganism is asynchronous with the instant current state of water quality and the real-time data result evaluation is not really influenced because the microorganism detection sample is delayed in the traditional method and the microorganism can be in different living and growing curve states in a certain period of time.
In the embodiment, the water sample in the filter cavity can only meet the growth requirement of microorganisms and cannot form log-phase growth. Therefore, the method can improve the inspection aging and the working efficiency under the outdoor environment condition of a laboratory by combining the negative pressure adsorption sampling of the static liquid level with the one-way microporous filter membrane adsorption filtration preparation sample. In the process of collecting the sample on site, the water quality microbiology test sample can be quickly and conveniently prepared, the safety risk of biochemical operation can be prevented, and the validity of the test result is ensured.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A unidirectional negative pressure adsorption sampling filtration device, comprising:
a liquid taking pipe (1) is provided with an oblique puncture opening (11) at the liquid inlet end and a one-way valve (2) at the liquid outlet end;
The liquid inlet end of the filter (3) is connected with the one-way valve (2), and the liquid outlet end of the filter is connected with the stop valve (4);
The liquid inlet end of the negative pressure measuring bottle (5) is connected with the stop valve (4) through a connecting pipe (6), and the liquid outlet end of the negative pressure measuring bottle is connected with a negative pressure vacuum pump (8) through an air duct (7);
The filter (3) comprises a first filter (34) and a second filter (35), and the first filter (34) is in sealing and detachable connection with the second filter (35);
the first filter (34) and the second filter (35) are combined to form a filter cavity (31) for accommodating the filter medium (32), and a sealing ring (36) is arranged at the outer edge of the filter cavity (31);
The filter comprises a filter cavity (31), a filter medium (32), a protective film (33) and a micro-porous filter membrane, wherein the filter cavity (31) is provided with the protective film (33) near the side edges of the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet, the filter medium (32) is any one or more of a sand core, filter paper, activated carbon, diatomite and anhydrous sodium sulfate, or the protective film (33) is arranged on one side of the filter cavity (31) near the liquid outlet, and the filter medium (32) is a micro-porous filter membrane and is used for adsorbing a microorganism sample;
The negative pressure measuring bottle (5) is provided with a sealing head (51), a liquid level measuring tube (54) is arranged in the negative pressure measuring bottle (5), one end of the sealing head (51) is abutted against one end of the liquid level measuring tube (54), and the negative pressure measuring bottle (5) is communicated with the liquid level measuring tube (54);
The sealing head (51) is provided with a liquid inlet joint (52) and an exhaust joint (53), one end of the liquid inlet joint (52) positioned in the sealing head extends into the liquid level gauge tube (54), and the other end of the liquid inlet joint is in sealing detachable connection with the connecting pipe (6);
One end of the exhaust connector (53) positioned in the sealing head is arranged on the upper side of the liquid level meter tube (54), and the other end of the exhaust connector is in sealing detachable connection with the air duct (7).
2. The unidirectional negative pressure adsorption sampling filtration device of claim 1 is characterized in that the liquid taking pipe (1) is a minimally invasive puncture pipe, a pipe head sterile protection cover (13) is sleeved on a pipe head of the liquid taking pipe (1), and the length of the liquid taking pipe (1) is 5-20 cm.
3. The unidirectional negative pressure adsorption sampling filtration apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the unidirectional valve (2) comprises a communicating pipe (21) in which a unidirectional shut-off cavity (211) is arranged;
a movable shut-off member (22) provided in the unidirectional shut-off chamber (211);
The movable shut-off member (22) combines with the unidirectional shut-off chamber (211) to form a channel through which liquid passes as the liquid flows.
4. A unidirectional negative pressure adsorption sampling filtration device according to claim 3, wherein the movable shut-off member (22) comprises:
the stop block (221) is arranged at the liquid inlet end of the unidirectional stop cavity (211), one side of the stop block (221) is provided with an arc-shaped sealing part (222), and the other side of the stop block is connected with a limit sliding rod (223);
the blocking groove body (224) is arranged at the liquid outlet end of the unidirectional stop cavity (211), a reset spring (225) is arranged in the blocking groove body (224), and one end of the limiting slide rod (223) penetrates through the reset spring (225) and penetrates out of the blocking groove body (224);
the blocking groove body (224) is fixedly connected with the liquid outlet end of the unidirectional cut-off cavity (211) through a plurality of fixing blocks (226).
5. The device according to claim 4, wherein the arc-shaped sealing portion (222) has an outer diameter larger than an inner diameter of the communication pipe (21), and one side of the arc-shaped sealing portion (222) abuts against an inner wall of the unidirectional cut-off chamber (211).
6. A method of performing a sterile procedure for the micro-invasive preparation of a sample of a microbiological filter using the device of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
S1, assembling a liquid taking pipe, a one-way valve, a filter, a stop valve and a negative pressure metering bottle, and then sterilizing;
S2, connecting a negative pressure metering bottle with a negative pressure vacuum pump, puncturing the beveled end part of a liquid taking pipe into a water sample, opening a stop valve, starting the negative pressure vacuum pump, enabling the water sample to enter the negative pressure metering bottle through a filter, adsorbing microorganisms in the water sample on a filter medium for preparing a microporous filter membrane sample, wherein the filter medium is the microporous filter membrane;
S3, placing the one-way valve, the filter and the stop valve in a sterile storage box for sample preparation, storing and transporting, and then transferring a microporous filter membrane sample in a clean area;
S4, transferring the microorganisms on the microporous filter membrane sample into a culture dish for biochemical culture for water quality microorganism detection.
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| CN113588336B (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2022-08-05 | 南京市仪器仪表工业供销有限公司 | Water body collecting system and water body sampling method |
| CN114636590A (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2022-06-17 | 广东昊朗医疗科技有限责任公司 | A liquid sampling detection device and a liquid sample detection method using the same |
| CN115372074A (en) * | 2022-08-26 | 2022-11-22 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | A sampling device in a storage tank for high-level radioactive waste |
| CN115524166A (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2022-12-27 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Radioactive solution solid-liquid separation sampling device |
| CN115531993B (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2025-02-28 | 乐金显示光电科技(中国)有限公司 | Panel transition device |
| CN117899554A (en) * | 2024-01-12 | 2024-04-19 | 广州承葛智造科技有限公司 | Device and method for separating solid particles and water in liquid |
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