CN112303635A

CN112303635A - Multi-nozzle water-cooling wall type incineration device for recycling metal elements in solid waste, recycling method and application

Info

Publication number: CN112303635A
Application number: CN201910713416.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙峰; 李亚辉; 任君朋; 石宁
Original assignee: China Petroleum and Chemical Corp; Sinopec Qingdao Safety Engineering Institute
Current assignee: China Petroleum and Chemical Corp; Sinopec Qingdao Safety Engineering Institute
Priority date: 2019-08-02
Filing date: 2019-08-02
Publication date: 2021-02-02

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of harmless treatment of hazardous wastes, and discloses a multi-nozzle water-cooled wall type incineration device for recovering metal elements in solid wastes, a method for recovering the metal elements in the solid wastes and application. This device is burned to multiinjector water-cooling wall formula includes: the upper shell comprises an outer shell and an inner shell, a combustion chamber is formed around the upper shell, and the upper shell comprises an arch top section, a straight cylinder section and a cone bottom section; a chilling chamber is formed in the lower shell; the nozzle comprises a fuel nozzle, a material nozzle and a secondary air nozzle, the fuel nozzle and the material nozzle are respectively arranged on the arch top section, and the secondary air nozzle is arranged on the straight cylinder section. According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a multi-nozzle water-cooled wall type incinerator for recovering metal elements from solid-containing waste, which can avoid secondary pollution and has a high recovery rate of metal oxides.

Description

Multi-nozzle water-cooling wall type incineration device for recycling metal elements in solid waste, recycling method and application

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of harmless treatment of hazardous wastes, in particular to a multi-nozzle water-cooled wall type incineration device for recovering metal elements in solid-containing wastes, a method for recovering the metal elements in the solid-containing wastes by using the device and application.

Background

In recent years, the disposal of hazardous waste has become a hot topic throughout the world. Hazardous waste can cause serious environmental and ecological problems if not properly disposed. Meanwhile, most dangerous wastes contain noble metal elements, so that the method has a high recovery value. Therefore, the method has obvious economic and social significance for correctly treating solid-containing wastes and recovering metal elements in the solid-containing wastes.

CN108443901A discloses a method for solidifying heavy metals in waste catalysts, which comprises the steps of grinding the waste catalysts into powder, adding a curing agent to prepare baking-free bricks, and then solidifying hazardous wastes. However, this method does not harmlessly treat hazardous waste.

CN108456781A discloses a method for recovering polymetallic solid waste by smelting in a high-temperature rotary kiln, which mixes hazardous waste and anthracite, introduces into the rotary kiln for harmless treatment, and then recovers metals by refining. Such a treatment method has the following problems: firstly, the rotary kiln has poor sealing performance and the phenomenon of pollutant escape exists; secondly, the burned product is slowly cooled in a natural cooling mode, the generation temperature interval of the dioxin is 200-500 ℃, and the combustion product generates the dioxin in the cooling process, so that the problem of secondary environmental pollution exists.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems of incomplete harmless treatment of solid-containing waste, secondary pollution generated in the incineration process, low metal recovery rate and the like in the prior art, and provides a multi-nozzle water-cooled wall type incineration device for recovering metal elements in the solid-containing waste, which can avoid secondary pollution and has high metal oxide recovery rate, and a method and application for recovering the metal elements in the solid-containing waste by using the device.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a multi-nozzle water-cooled wall type incinerator for recovering metal elements contained in solid wastes, comprising: the upper shell comprises an outer shell and an inner shell, a water cooling unit is arranged between the outer shell and the inner shell, a combustion chamber is formed around the upper shell, the upper shell comprises an arch top section, a straight cylinder section and a cone bottom section, two ends of the straight cylinder section are respectively connected with the arch top section and the cone bottom section, and a slag outlet is formed in the bottom of the cone bottom section; a chilling chamber is formed in the lower shell, a gas-phase outlet is formed in the side wall of the upper part of the lower shell, a liquid-solid discharge port is formed at the bottom of the lower shell, a cooling unit and a down pipe connected with the cooling unit are arranged at the conical bottom section, one end of the down pipe is communicated with the combustion chamber through the slag outlet, and the other end of the down pipe is communicated with the chilling chamber; the nozzle comprises a fuel nozzle, a material nozzle and a secondary air nozzle, the fuel nozzle and the material nozzle are respectively arranged on the arch top section, and the secondary air nozzle is arranged on the straight cylinder section.

Preferably, the nozzle comprises 1 fuel nozzle, a plurality of material nozzles arranged around the fuel nozzle, and a plurality of secondary air nozzles arranged in the middle of the straight cylinder section.

Preferably, the fuel nozzle stretches into in the combustion chamber, just the fuel nozzle is first passageway and second passageway from inside to outside in proper order along the axial, and first passageway is used for letting in the oxygen nitrogen mixture, and the second passageway is used for letting in fuel.

Preferably, the material nozzle stretches into in the combustion chamber, just the material nozzle is first passageway and second passageway from inside to outside in proper order along the axial, and first passageway is used for letting in the oxygen nitrogen gas mixture, and the second passageway is used for letting in and contains solid waste slurry.

Preferably, the secondary air nozzle extends into the combustion chamber along a direction perpendicular to the wall surface, and the secondary air nozzle is a single channel and is used for introducing oxygen-nitrogen mixture.

Preferably, the angle α between the fuel nozzle and the material nozzle is 10-60 °.

Preferably, the inner shell comprises an upper water-cooling wall, a main water-cooling wall and a lower water-cooling wall which are connected in sequence, the upper water-cooling wall is arranged at the upper part of the combustion chamber and is arranged around the nozzle, and the lower water-cooling wall is arranged at the lower part of the combustion chamber and is arranged around the slag outlet.

Preferably, the water cooling unit includes: the cooling water pipes are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the inner shell and are attached to the outer surface of the inner shell, and heat dissipation fins are connected between every two adjacent cooling water pipes; go up collection case and lower collection case, go up the collection case and establish in the top of inner shell and link to each other with a plurality of condenser tube's upper end respectively, lower collection case is established in the below of inner shell and is linked to each other with a plurality of condenser tube's lower extreme respectively, is equipped with the cooling water export on the last collection case, is equipped with the cooling water import on the lower collection case.

Preferably, the cooling unit is a quench ring for spraying a cooling medium to the material entering the downcomer.

Preferably, the height of the straight cylinder section is 1 to 6 times the diameter of the combustion chamber.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for recovering metallic elements from solid-containing waste, using the multi-nozzle water-cooled wall incinerator for recovering metallic elements from solid-containing waste of the present invention, characterized in that the method comprises: the method comprises the steps that solid waste-containing slurry and oxygen-nitrogen mixed gas are sprayed into a combustion chamber in an atomized state through a material nozzle, the solid waste-containing slurry and the oxygen-nitrogen mixed gas are combusted together with fuel sprayed into the combustion chamber through a fuel nozzle to carry out combustion reaction, the oxygen-nitrogen mixed gas is introduced through a secondary air nozzle in the combustion process, metal oxide and gas generated by the combustion reaction are mixed with water sprayed out of a cooling unit at the joint of the combustion chamber and a chilling chamber and flow to the chilling chamber along a down pipe, and the metal oxide is further cooled in the chilling chamber and then is discharged from a liquid-solid discharge port.

Preferably, the metal oxide is discharged from the liquid-solid discharge port after the quench chamber is cooled to less than 200 ℃.

Preferably, the gas generated by the combustion reaction is cooled by the chilling chamber and then discharged through the gas phase outlet.

Preferably, the conditions of the combustion reaction include: the reaction temperature of the combustion chamber is 1100-.

According to a third aspect of the invention, there is provided the use of a multi-nozzle waterwall incinerator for recovering metallic elements from solid-containing waste of the present invention for recovering metallic elements from solid-containing waste.

By adopting the technical scheme, closed feeding and closed combustion can be carried out, and the escape of pollutants in the incineration process can be effectively prevented; the combustion product is rapidly cooled to below 200 ℃ by adopting a water chilling mode, so that the generation of dioxin is fundamentally avoided, and the recovery rate of metal oxide is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a multi-nozzle water-cooled wall type incinerator for recovering metallic elements from solid wastes according to the present invention.

Description of the reference numerals

A. Slurry feed B, gas feed

C. Fuel feed D, solid-liquid discharge

E. Gas phase discharge

1. Fuel nozzle 2, dome section

3. Straight cylinder section 4, shell

5. Inner shell/water wall 6, upper shell

7. Taper segment 8, lower casing

9. Incineration device 10 and upper water-cooled wall

11. Middle water cooling wall 12 and lower water cooling wall

13. Slag discharge port 14 and chilling ring

15. Downcomer 16, quench chamber

17. Combustion chamber 18, solid-liquid discharge port

19. Gas phase outlet 20, material nozzle

21. Secondary air nozzle

Detailed Description

The endpoints of the ranges and any values disclosed herein are not limited to the precise range or value, and such ranges or values should be understood to encompass values close to those ranges or values. For ranges of values, between the endpoints of each of the ranges and the individual points, and between the individual points may be combined with each other to give one or more new ranges of values, and these ranges of values should be considered as specifically disclosed herein.

According to a first aspect of the invention, as shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a multi-nozzle water-cooled wall incineration plant 9 for recovering metallic elements from solid waste, the plant 9 comprising: the upper shell 6 comprises an outer shell 4 and an inner shell 5, a water cooling unit is arranged between the outer shell 4 and the inner shell 5, the upper shell 6 is surrounded to form a combustion chamber 17 and comprises an arch top section 2, a straight cylinder section 3 and a cone bottom section 7, two ends of the straight cylinder section 3 are respectively connected with the arch top section 2 and the cone bottom section 7, and a slag outlet 13 is arranged at the bottom of the cone bottom section 7; a chilling chamber 13 is formed in the lower shell 8, a gas phase outlet 19 is formed in the side wall of the upper portion of the lower shell 8, a liquid-solid discharge port 18 is formed in the bottom of the lower shell, a cooling unit 14 and a descending pipe 15 connected with the cooling unit 14 are arranged on the cone bottom section 7, one end of the descending pipe 15 is communicated with the combustion chamber 17 through the slag outlet 13, and the other end of the descending pipe is communicated with the chilling chamber 13; the nozzle comprises a fuel nozzle 1, a material nozzle 20 and a secondary air nozzle 21, wherein the fuel nozzle 1 and the material nozzle 20 are respectively arranged on the arch top section 2, and the secondary air nozzle 21 is arranged on the straight barrel section 3.

According to the invention, preferably, the fuel nozzles 1 and the material nozzles 20 are respectively arranged on the top of the dome section 2, and the secondary air nozzles 21 are arranged on the straight cylinder section 3.

According to the invention, the nozzles preferably comprise 1 fuel nozzle 1, a plurality of mass nozzles 20 arranged around the fuel nozzle 1, and a plurality of secondary air nozzles (21) arranged in the middle of the straight section (3). In this case, the number of material nozzles 20 is preferably 2 or more, more preferably 3 to 6, and particularly preferably 3. The number of the secondary air nozzles 21 is preferably 2 or more, and more preferably 2 to 4.

Preferably, the secondary air nozzles 21 are symmetrically arranged in the middle of the straight cylinder section 3.

According to the invention, the secondary air nozzle preferably extends vertically into the combustion chamber 17, the secondary air nozzle 21 being a single channel for the introduction of the oxygen-nitrogen mixture. By supplementing oxygen-nitrogen mixed gas, the combustion can be more sufficient, the incineration efficiency is improved, and the oxygen content in tail gas can be reduced as much as possible on the basis of meeting the combustion, so that NO in the incineration process is reduced_xAnd (4) generating.

According to the invention, preferably, the fuel nozzle 1 extends into the combustion chamber 17, and the fuel nozzle 1 is provided with a first channel and a second channel from inside to outside along the axial direction, wherein the first channel is used for introducing oxygen-nitrogen mixture, and the second channel is used for introducing fuel.

According to the invention, preferably, the material nozzle 20 extends into the combustion chamber 17, and the material nozzle 20 is provided with a first channel and a second channel from inside to outside in sequence along the axial direction, wherein the first channel is used for introducing the oxygen-nitrogen mixed gas, and the second channel is used for introducing the solid waste-containing slurry. By spraying the solid waste-containing slurry in the second channel and the oxygen-nitrogen mixed gas in the first channel into the combustion chamber 17 through the material nozzle 20, the solid waste-containing slurry and the oxygen-nitrogen mixed gas can be fully mixed and exist in an atomized state in the combustion chamber 7, thereby remarkably improving the incineration efficiency.

According to the present invention, the angle α between the fuel nozzle 1 and the material nozzle 20 is 10 to 60 °, more preferably 20 to 60 °, from the viewpoint of further improving the incineration efficiency.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the nozzles include 1 fuel nozzle 1, 2 material nozzles 20 located at both sides of the fuel nozzle 1, and 2 secondary air nozzles oppositely arranged at the middle of the straight cylinder section 3, wherein an included angle α between the fuel nozzle 1 and the material nozzles 20 is 10-60 °.

According to the present invention, the upper case 6 and the lower case 8 may be hermetically connected, and may be connected by various connection methods in the art, for example, welding, screwing, or the like, or the upper case 6 and the lower case 8 may be integrally formed.

According to the invention, preferably, the inner shell 5 comprises an upper water-cooled wall 10, a main water-cooled wall 11 and a lower water-cooled wall 12 which are connected in sequence, wherein the upper water-cooled wall 10 is arranged at the upper part of the combustion chamber 17 and is arranged around the nozzle 1, and the lower water-cooled wall 12 is arranged at the lower part of the combustion chamber 17 and is arranged around the slag outlet 13.

According to the present invention, the water cooling unit may have various structures for water cooling, which are generally used in the art, and preferably, the water cooling unit includes: the cooling water pipes are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the inner shell and are attached to the outer surface of the inner shell, and heat dissipation fins are connected between every two adjacent cooling water pipes; go up collection case and lower collection case, go up the collection case and establish in the top of inner shell and link to each other with a plurality of condenser tube's upper end respectively, lower collection case is established in the below of inner shell and is linked to each other with a plurality of condenser tube's lower extreme respectively, is equipped with the cooling water export on the last collection case, is equipped with the cooling water import on the lower collection case.

According to the invention, the metal oxide and the gas generated by the combustion reaction are cooled by the cooling unit 14 at the connection of the combustion chamber 17 and the quench chamber 13, preferably the cooling unit 14 cools the metal oxide and the gas to a temperature of 200 ℃ or less. The cooling unit 14 cools the metal oxide and the gas to a temperature of 200 ℃ or lower, thereby preventing the generation of dioxin and secondary pollution.

According to the present invention, preferably, the cooling unit 14 is a quench ring, the quench ring is used for spraying a cooling medium, preferably water, to the material entering the downcomer 15, and the cooling medium sprayed through the quench ring can rapidly cool the metal oxide and the gas to below 200 ℃, so as to avoid the generation of dioxin and secondary pollution.

According to the invention, the height of the straight section 3 is preferably 1 to 5 times, preferably 2 to 5 times, more preferably 2 to 3 times the diameter of the combustion chamber 17.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a method for recovering metallic elements from solid-containing waste using the multi-nozzle waterwall type incineration apparatus for recovering metallic elements from solid-containing waste of the present invention, the method comprising: the solid waste-containing slurry and the oxygen-nitrogen mixed gas are sprayed into the combustion chamber 17 through a material nozzle (20) in an atomized state, and are combusted together with the fuel sprayed into the combustion chamber 17 through the fuel nozzle 1 to carry out combustion reaction, the oxygen-nitrogen mixed gas is introduced through a secondary air nozzle 21 in the combustion process, metal oxides and gas generated by the combustion reaction are mixed with water sprayed out of the cooling unit 14 at the joint of the combustion chamber 17 and the chilling chamber 16 and flow to the chilling chamber 16 along a descending pipe 15, and the metal oxides are discharged from a liquid-solid discharge port 18 after being further cooled in the chilling chamber 16.

According to the method, oxygen-nitrogen mixed gas is introduced through the secondary air nozzle 21 in the combustion process, so that the full combustion can be ensured, the incineration efficiency is improved, and the oxygen content in tail gas can be reduced as much as possible on the basis of meeting the combustion, thereby reducing NO in the incineration process_xAnd (4) generating.

According to the method of the present invention, the fuel may be natural gas, liquefied gas, fuel oil, or the like.

According to the method of the present invention, preferably, the method further comprises: the gas generated by the combustion reaction is cooled in the quench chamber 16 and discharged through a gas phase outlet 19.

In accordance with the method of the present invention, preferably, the metal oxides are discharged from the liquid-solid discharge port 18 after the quench chamber 16 is cooled to less than 200 ℃. The generation of dioxins can be avoided by rapidly cooling the reaction products to less than 200 ℃ in the quench chamber 16.

According to the process of the present invention, preferably, the solid waste-containing slurry has a solid content of 10 to 80% by weight, preferably 20 to 50% by weight.

The solid waste-containing slurry can be prepared by mixing solid waste-containing slurry with water under the action of a surfactant. That is, the solid waste-containing slurry can be prepared by mixing and pulping the solid waste, water and surfactant. The surfactant may be at least one of a cationic surfactant, an anionic surfactant, a zwitterionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant.

Examples of the cationic surfactant include: alkyl ammonium salts, amino alcohol fatty acid derivatives, polyamine fatty acid derivatives, imidazoline ammonium salt type and alkyl trimethyl ammonium salt, dialkyl dimethyl ammonium salt, alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium salt, pyridinium salt, alkyl isoquinoline onium salt, benzyl ethylamine and the like.

Examples of the anionic surfactant include: alkyl benzene sulfonates, alpha-olefin sulfonates, phosphate esters, and the like.

Examples of the amphoteric surfactant include: alanine, dodeca (aminoethyl) glycine, di (octylaminoethyl) glycine, and N-alkyl-N, N-dimethylammonium betaine, and the like.

Examples of the nonionic surfactant include: fatty acid amide derivatives, polyvalent alcohol derivatives, and the like.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a solid waste-containing slurry is prepared by mixing the solid waste with water under the influence of a 40% by weight solution of sodium dodecyl sulphate.

According to the method of the present invention, preferably, the solid waste is one or more of copper-containing hazardous waste, bismuth-containing hazardous waste, iron-containing hazardous waste, molybdenum-containing hazardous waste, zinc-containing hazardous waste, chromium-containing hazardous waste, beryllium-containing hazardous waste, and lead-containing hazardous waste.

According to the method of the present invention, preferably, the oxygen-nitrogen mixed gas is a gas or a mixed gas having an oxygen content of 18 vol% or more; more preferably, the oxygen volume content of the oxygen-nitrogen mixture is 18-100 volume%. The oxygen-nitrogen mixture gas is preferably air from the viewpoint of easy availability and cost reduction.

According to the method of the present invention, preferably, the conditions of the combustion reaction include: the reaction temperature of the combustion chamber is 1100-1500 ℃, the pressure is 0.01-1MPa, the retention time is more than 2s, and the oxygen concentration of the oxygen-nitrogen mixed gas is 18-100% by volume; more preferably, the conditions of the combustion reaction include: the reaction temperature of the combustion chamber is 1100-1300 ℃, the pressure is 0.1-1MPa, the retention time is 2-6s, and the oxygen concentration of the oxygen-nitrogen mixed gas is 18-30 vol%.

According to a third aspect of the invention, the invention also provides the application of the multi-nozzle water-cooled wall type incineration device for recovering the metal elements in the solid-containing waste in the recovery of the metal elements in the solid-containing waste.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

In the following examples, the solid waste-containing slurry was prepared by mixing and pulping solid waste, water and a 40 wt% sodium dodecylsulfate solution, and had a solid content of 25 wt% and a sodium dodecylsulfate content of 0.2 wt%.

Example 1

This example was carried out in a multi-nozzle water-cooled wall incinerator as shown in figure 1.

As shown in fig. 1, the apparatus 9 includes: the nozzle comprises an upper shell 6, a lower shell 8 and a nozzle 1 which are hermetically connected, wherein the upper shell 6 comprises an outer shell 4 and an inner shell 5, a water cooling unit is arranged between the outer shell 4 and the inner shell 5, the upper shell 6 surrounds a combustion chamber 17 and comprises an arch top section 2, a straight cylinder section 3 and a cone bottom section 7, two ends of the straight cylinder section 3 are respectively connected with the arch top section 2 and the cone bottom section 7, and a slag outlet 13 is arranged at the bottom of the cone bottom section 7; a chilling chamber 16 is formed in the lower shell 8, a gas phase outlet 19 is formed in the side wall of the upper portion of the lower shell 8, a liquid-solid discharge port 18 is formed in the bottom of the lower shell, a cooling unit 14 (specifically, a chilling ring) and a descending pipe 15 connected with the cooling unit 14 are arranged on the cone bottom section 7, one end of the descending pipe 15 is communicated with the combustion chamber 17 through the slag outlet 13, and the other end of the descending pipe is communicated with the chilling chamber 16; the fuel nozzle 1 and the material nozzle 20 are respectively arranged at the top of the arch top section 2, and the secondary air nozzle 21 is arranged at the straight barrel section 3. Wherein, fuel nozzle 1 is in 2 top positive middles in the hunch top section, and 2 material nozzles 20 set up symmetrically fuel nozzle 1's both sides, and 2 secondary air nozzles 21 set up in straight section of thick bamboo middle part relatively, fuel nozzle 1 with contained angle alpha between the material nozzle 20 is 30.

The inner shell 5 comprises an upper water-cooling wall 10, a main water-cooling wall 11 and a lower water-cooling wall 12 which are connected in sequence, wherein the upper water-cooling wall 10 is arranged at the upper part of a combustion chamber 17 and is arranged around the nozzle 1, and the lower water-cooling wall 12 is arranged at the lower part of the combustion chamber 17 and is arranged around a slag outlet 13. The water cooling unit includes: the cooling water pipes are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the inner shell 5 and attached to the outer surface of the inner shell 5, and a heat dissipation fin is connected between every two adjacent cooling water pipes; go up collection case and lower collection case, go up the collection case and establish in the top of inner shell 5 and link to each other with a plurality of condenser tube's upper end respectively, lower collection case is established in the below of inner shell 5 and is linked to each other with a plurality of condenser tube's lower extreme respectively, is equipped with the cooling water export on the last collection case, is equipped with the cooling water import on the lower collection case.

Fuel nozzle 1 stretches into in the combustion chamber 17, just fuel nozzle 1 is first passageway and second passageway from inside to outside in proper order along the axial, and first passageway is used for letting in the oxygen nitrogen gas mixture, and the second passageway is used for letting in fuel (specifically be the natural gas).

The material nozzle 20 extends into in the combustion chamber 17, just the material nozzle 20 is first passageway, second passageway from inside to outside in proper order along the axial, and first passageway is used for letting in the oxygen nitrogen gas mixture, and the second passageway is used for letting in and contains solid waste slurry.

The height of the straight cylinder section 3 is 2.3 times the diameter of the combustion chamber 17.

The method comprises the steps that fuel (specifically, natural gas) and oxygen-nitrogen mixed gas are sprayed into a combustion chamber 17 through a nozzle 1 in an atomized state, solid waste containing slurry (solid waste is a waste catalyst containing acetylene copper) and oxygen-nitrogen mixed gas are sprayed into the combustion chamber 17 through a nozzle 20 in an atomized state to carry out combustion reaction, metal oxide and gas generated by the combustion reaction are mixed with water sprayed from a cooling unit 14 at the joint of the combustion chamber 17 and a chilling chamber 16 and flow to the chilling chamber 16 along a descending pipe 15, the metal oxide is discharged from a liquid-solid discharge port 18 after the chilling chamber 16 is cooled to be less than 200 ℃, and the gas generated by the combustion reaction is discharged through a gas-phase outlet 19 after being cooled by the chilling chamber 16.

The conditions of the combustion reaction are as follows: the reaction temperature of the combustion chamber is 1200 ℃, the pressure is 0.1MPa, the residence time is 2.5s, and the oxygen-nitrogen mixed gas is air (the volume content of oxygen is 21 vol%).

As a result: after the copper-containing hazardous waste is treated by the method, the recovery rate of metal is 96.5%, and the discharged gas is free of dioxin and meets the requirement of environmental protection.

Example 2

The procedure is as in example 1, except that the combustion reaction conditions are: the reaction temperature of the combustion chamber is 1300 ℃, the pressure is 0.15MPa, the residence time is 3s, and the oxygen-nitrogen mixed gas is the oxygen-nitrogen mixed gas with the oxygen volume content of 30 volume percent; the height of the straight cylinder section 3 is 2.0 times the diameter of the combustion chamber 17.

As a result: after the copper-containing hazardous waste is treated by the method, the recovery rate of metal is 97.2%, and the discharged gas is free of dioxin and meets the requirement of environmental protection.

Example 3

The procedure of example 1 was followed except that the solid waste-containing slurry was a bismuth-containing waste slurry (the solid waste-containing was a spent hydrogenation catalyst containing platinum, palladium and nickel); the conditions of the combustion reaction are as follows: the reaction temperature of the combustion chamber is 1150 ℃, the pressure is 1MPa, the residence time is 5s, and the oxygen-nitrogen mixed gas is the oxygen-nitrogen mixed gas with the oxygen volume content of 30 volume percent; the height of the straight cylinder section 3 is 3.0 times the diameter of the combustion chamber 17.

As a result: after the bismuth-containing hazardous waste is treated by the method, the recovery rate of metal is 98.6%, and the discharged gas is free of dioxin and meets the requirement of environmental protection.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above in detail, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the technical idea of the invention, many simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the invention, including combinations of various technical features in any other suitable way, and these simple modifications and combinations should also be regarded as the disclosure of the invention, and all fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A multi-nozzle water-cooled wall type incinerator for recovering metal elements from solid waste, the multi-nozzle water-cooled wall type incinerator comprising: an upper shell (6) and a lower shell (8) which are connected in a sealing way and a plurality of nozzles,

the upper shell (6) comprises an outer shell (4) and an inner shell (5), a water cooling unit is arranged between the outer shell (4) and the inner shell (5), the upper shell (6) surrounds a combustion chamber (17) and comprises an arch top section (2), a straight cylinder section (3) and a cone bottom section (7), two ends of the straight cylinder section (3) are respectively connected with the arch top section (2) and the cone bottom section (7), and the bottom of the cone bottom section (7) is provided with a slag outlet (13);

a chilling chamber (16) is formed in the lower shell (8), a gas phase outlet (19) is formed in the side wall of the upper portion of the lower shell (8), a liquid-solid discharge port (18) is formed in the bottom of the lower shell, a cooling unit (14) and a descending pipe (15) connected with the cooling unit (14) are arranged on the cone bottom section (7), one end of the descending pipe (15) is communicated with the combustion chamber (17) through the slag outlet (13), and the other end of the descending pipe is communicated with the chilling chamber (16);

the nozzle comprises a fuel nozzle (1), a material nozzle (20) and a secondary air nozzle (21), wherein the fuel nozzle (1) and the material nozzle (20) are respectively arranged on the arch top section (2), and the secondary air nozzle (21) is arranged on the straight barrel section (3).

2. A multi-nozzle incineration device according to claim 1, wherein the fuel nozzle (1) extends into the combustion chamber (17), and the fuel nozzle (1) is provided with a first channel and a second channel from inside to outside in the axial direction, the first channel is used for introducing the oxygen-nitrogen mixture, and the second channel is used for introducing the fuel.

3. A multi-nozzle water-cooled wall burner according to claim 1, wherein the nozzles comprise 1 fuel nozzle (1), a plurality of material nozzles (20) arranged around the fuel nozzle, and a plurality of secondary air nozzles (21) arranged in the middle of the straight section (3).

4. A multi-nozzle water-cooled wall incineration device according to any one of the claims 1-3, wherein the secondary air nozzles (21) extend into the combustion chamber (17) in a direction perpendicular to the wall surface, the secondary air nozzles (21) being single-channel for the introduction of an oxy-nitrogen mixture.

5. A multi-nozzle water-cooled wall incineration device according to any one of the claims 1-3, wherein the material nozzle (20) extends into the combustion chamber (17), and the material nozzle (20) is provided with a first channel and a second channel in sequence from inside to outside along the axial direction, the first channel is used for introducing the oxygen-nitrogen mixture, and the second channel is used for introducing the solid waste-containing slurry.

6. A multi-nozzle water-cooled wall incineration apparatus according to any one of the claims 1-3, wherein the inner shell (5) comprises an upper water-cooled wall (10), a main water-cooled wall (11), a lower water-cooled wall (12) connected in series, the upper water-cooled wall (10) being arranged in the upper part of the combustion chamber (17) around the nozzles (1), and the lower water-cooled wall (12) being arranged in the lower part of the combustion chamber (17) around the slag outlet (13).

7. A multi-nozzle incineration device according to any one of the claims 1-3, wherein the angle a between the fuel nozzle (1) and the material nozzle (20) is 10-60 °.

8. A multi-nozzle water-cooled wall incineration device according to any one of the claims 1-3, wherein the water cooling unit comprises:

the cooling water pipes are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the inner shell and are attached to the outer surface of the inner shell, and heat dissipation fins are connected between every two adjacent cooling water pipes; go up collection case and lower collection case, go up the collection case and establish in the top of inner shell and link to each other with a plurality of condenser tube's upper end respectively, lower collection case is established in the below of inner shell and is linked to each other with a plurality of condenser tube's lower extreme respectively, is equipped with the cooling water export on the last collection case, is equipped with the cooling water import on the lower collection case.

9. A multi-nozzle water-cooled wall incineration device according to any one of the claims 1-3, wherein the height of the straight cylinder section (3) is 1-6 times the diameter of the combustion chamber (17).

10. A multi-nozzle water-cooled wall incineration apparatus according to any one of the claims 1-3, wherein the cooling unit (14) is a quench ring for spraying a cooling medium to the material entering the downcomer (15).

11. A method for recovering metallic elements from solid wastes using the multi-nozzle water-cooled wall incineration plant for recovering metallic elements from solid wastes according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it comprises: the method comprises the steps of spraying solid waste-containing slurry and oxygen-nitrogen mixed gas into a combustion chamber (17) in an atomized state through a material nozzle (20), combusting the atomized solid waste-containing slurry and the oxygen-nitrogen mixed gas together with fuel sprayed into the combustion chamber (17) through a fuel nozzle (1) to perform combustion reaction, introducing the oxygen-nitrogen mixed gas through a secondary air nozzle (21) in the combustion process, mixing metal oxide and gas generated by the combustion reaction with water sprayed from a cooling unit (14) at the joint of the combustion chamber (17) and a chilling chamber (16), flowing to the chilling chamber (16) along a descending pipe (15), and discharging the metal oxide from a liquid-solid discharge port (18) after the metal oxide is further cooled in the chilling chamber (16).

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the conditions of the combustion reaction comprise: the reaction temperature of the combustion chamber is 1100-.

13. The method of claim 11, wherein the metal oxide is discharged from the liquid-solid discharge port (18) after cooling the quench chamber (16) to less than 200 ℃.

14. A method according to claim 11, wherein the gas generated by the combustion reaction is cooled in a quench chamber (16) and discharged through a gas phase outlet (19).

15. Use of a multi-nozzle waterwall incinerator for recovering metallic elements from solid waste as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10 for recovering metallic elements from solid waste.