CN112302695A - Temporary supporting method for mine excavation - Google Patents
Temporary supporting method for mine excavation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112302695A CN112302695A CN202011138808.8A CN202011138808A CN112302695A CN 112302695 A CN112302695 A CN 112302695A CN 202011138808 A CN202011138808 A CN 202011138808A CN 112302695 A CN112302695 A CN 112302695A
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- supporting
- support
- support plate
- hydraulic jack
- plate
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D19/00—Provisional protective covers for working space
- E21D19/04—Provisional protective covers for working space for use in drifting galleries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a temporary supporting method for mine excavation, which is characterized by comprising the following specific steps: 1) assembling a support component; 2) lifting the support assembly; 3) an extension support assembly; 4) a stable support assembly; 5) completing supporting, and continuously excavating and propelling the tunnel; 6) moving the support assembly; 7) and repeating the steps. The temporary supporting method has the advantages that the temporary supporting method and the device are simplified, the temporary supporting operation time is shortened, the overall efficiency of mine excavation is improved, on the other hand, a simple device provides a wide operation space for excavating personnel, the temporary supporting method is simple in steps and easy to operate, the temporary supporting method can be completed by a small number of personnel, the labor cost is reduced, further, the support sheet is in full contact with the tunnel roof through the arched design of the support sheet, the supporting area is increased, and the supporting strength is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of tunnel engineering, in particular to a temporary supporting method for mine excavation.
Background
With the rapid development of social economy and the acceleration of urbanization process in China, the population number of cities increases dramatically, and each city improves the nervous traffic condition by building a large number of subways, because most of the subways utilize underground space, the traffic pressure on the ground can be relieved. In the tunneling of underground tunnels, the mining method is a mature underground excavation method, and permanent support is needed to reinforce rock walls around an excavated tunnel section in the tunneling process, but when a tunnel face (the excavation face of the tunnel) is pushed forwards, the permanent support cannot be immediately made, so that the excavation accident is easy to happen due to the fact that the tunnel face is empty for a period of time. In order to reduce the occurrence of accidents and ensure the personal safety of excavating personnel, temporary support is carried out before permanent support is carried out.
In addition, the mining method comprises a full-face excavation method, a partial excavation method, a step excavation method and the like, the selection standard of the excavation method is to select the most appropriate and efficient method on the premise of ensuring the stability of the surrounding rock or the minimum disturbance to the surrounding rock, and the invention is improved by aiming at the temporary supporting method in the step excavation method. As shown in fig. 7, the step excavation method is to divide a tunnel into an upper part and a lower part, wherein the upper part of the tunnel is excavated first, and the lower part of the tunnel is excavated, and rock and soil are in a step shape when viewed from a longitudinal section of the tunnel. Because the existing temporary supporting method and device are complex, a large number of operators are needed to cooperate, the building process is time-consuming, and the used device is large in size, so that the device is inconvenient to use in a small channel space of the upper part of the tunnel, and the tunneling operation space of workers is limited.
The above problems are worth solving.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a temporary supporting method for mine excavation.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a temporary supporting method for mine excavation is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
1) assembly supporting component
Taking a support plate, sleeving two concave channel steels along slide rails on two sides of the support plate, and pushing the concave channel steels forwards, wherein the pushing distance is 1-1.5 times of the length of the support plate;
then a supporting plate is taken and sent from the front end of the concave channel steel, and the second supporting plate is moved to be in contact with the first supporting plate;
2) lift support assembly
Lifting the two connected supporting plates obtained in the step 1), aligning the groove at the joint of the two connected supporting plates with the supporting part of the hydraulic jack, and sleeving the supporting part;
the supporting plate which is connected with the supporting plate is stabilized, and the supporting part of the hydraulic jack is lifted until the upper surface of the supporting plate is propped against the tunnel top of the tunnel;
3) extension support assembly
Pushing the concave channel steel on the two sides forwards, wherein the pushing distance is 1-1.5 times of the length of the supporting plate;
then taking a support plate to be fed from the front end of the concave channel steel until the support plate contacts with the two connected support plates;
4) stable supporting assembly
Aligning the supporting part of a second hydraulic jack with the grooves at the bottoms of the two supporting plates connected with the front end, and lifting the hydraulic jack until the supporting part abuts against the bottom surface of the groove;
5) completing supporting, and continuously excavating and propelling the tunnel;
6) movable support assembly
When the construction worker digs the face forwards for 2-3 m, opening an oil return valve of the hydraulic jack far away from the face, and descending the hydraulic jack;
pushing the support plate 1 far away from the tunnel face to the rear end of the slide rail 12, detaching the support plate and then installing the support plate at the front end of the slide rail 12;
7) repeating steps 4) -6).
The invention according to the above aspect is characterized in that the length of the support plate of step 1) is 1 m.
The invention according to the above aspect is characterized in that the upper surface of the support plate in step 1) is upwardly arched and has an arc shape.
The invention according to the scheme is characterized in that sliding rails are arranged on two sides of the supporting plate in the step 1), the cross section of each sliding rail is in a convex shape, and the sliding rails are matched with the concave channel steel in size.
The invention according to the scheme is characterized in that grooves are formed in the front side and the rear side of the bottom of the supporting plate in the step 2), and the bottom surfaces of the grooves are arc-shaped.
Furthermore, the size of the groove is half of that of the supporting part of the hydraulic jack.
The invention according to the above scheme is characterized in that the upper surface of the supporting part of the hydraulic jack in the step 2) is arc-shaped.
The invention according to the scheme has the advantages that:
the invention simplifies the method and the device for temporary support, reduces the operation time of temporary support and improves the overall efficiency of mine excavation; on the other hand, the simple device provides a spacious operating space for excavating personnel; the temporary supporting method has simple steps and easy operation, can be completed by only a small amount of personnel, and reduces the labor cost; furthermore, the arch design of the supporting sheet realizes full contact between the supporting sheet and the tunnel top, so that the supporting area is increased, and the supporting strength is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of state one of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram of state two of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram of state three of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an exploded view of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the support plate of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic bottom structure view of the support plate of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic longitudinal section of a tunnel.
In the figure, 1, a support plate; 12. a slide rail; 13. a groove; 2. concave channel steel; 3. a hydraulic jack; 31. supporting part
4. A palm surface; 5. and an operation frame.
Detailed Description
For better understanding of the objects, technical solutions and effects of the present invention, the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. Meanwhile, the following described examples are only for explaining the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, in a tunnel excavation project, when a constructor excavates a tunnel face 4 of a tunnel by 2 to 3m, the constructor can start to build a temporary support, and the invention provides a temporary support method for mine excavation, which comprises the following specific steps:
1) assembling a support component;
taking a support plate 1, sleeving two concave channel steel 2 along slide rails 12 on two sides of the support plate 1, and pushing the concave channel steel 2 forwards by a distance which is 1-1.5 times the length of the support plate 1;
then a supporting plate 1 is taken and sent from the front end of the concave channel steel 2, as shown in a state I in figure 1, a second supporting plate 1 is moved to be in contact with the first supporting plate 1, wherein one end, close to a tunnel face 4, of the concave channel steel 2 is the front end;
2) lift support assembly
Lifting the two connected support plates 1 obtained in the step 1), aligning the groove 13 at the joint of the two connected support plates 1 with the supporting part 31 of the hydraulic jack 3, and sleeving the supporting part 31;
the connected support plate 1 is stabilized, and the supporting part 31 of the hydraulic jack 3 is lifted until the upper surface of the support plate 1 abuts against the tunnel top of the tunnel, as shown in a state II in fig. 2;
3) extension support assembly
Pushing the concave channel steel 2 at two sides forwards, wherein the pushing distance is 1-1.5 times of the length of the support plate 1;
then a support plate 1 is taken and sent from the front end of the concave channel steel 2 until the two connected support plates 1 are contacted, and the state III is shown in figure 3;
4) stable supporting assembly
Aligning the supporting part 31 of the second hydraulic jack 3 to the groove 13 at the bottom of the two supporting plates 1 connected at the front end, and lifting the hydraulic jack 3 until the supporting part 31 abuts against the bottom surface of the groove 13;
5) completing supporting, and continuously excavating and propelling the tunnel;
6) movable support assembly
When the construction worker digs the tunnel face 4 for 2-3 m, opening an oil return valve 32 of the hydraulic jack 3 far away from the tunnel face 4, and descending the hydraulic jack 3;
pushing the support plate 1 far away from the tunnel face 4 to the rear end of the slide rail 12, detaching the support plate and then installing the support plate at the front end of the slide rail 12;
7) repeating steps 4) -6).
As shown in fig. 4, in the embodiment, three support plates 1, two concave channel steels 2 and two hydraulic jacks 3 are adopted to complete temporary support, the steps are simple and easy to operate, the temporary support can be completed by only a small number of people, the labor cost is reduced, the temporary support method and the temporary support device are simplified, the temporary support operation time is reduced, and the overall efficiency of mine excavation is improved; on the other hand, the simple device provides a spacious operating space for excavating personnel.
It should be noted that the number of the supporting plates is not limited to the present invention, and in principle, the number of the supporting plates is selected according to the specific requirements of the tunnel engineering, and the factors include the number of people, the size of the tunnel space, the bearing capacity of the hydraulic jack, and the like.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the length of the supporting plate 1 used in the present invention is 1m, and the length of the channel steel 2 is not less than 2.5 times of the length of the supporting plate, in this embodiment, three supporting plates 1 are used, so the length of the channel steel 2 is 3m, which is just the sum of the lengths of the three supporting plates 1, it should be noted that the length of the supporting plate is not limited to the present invention, and in principle, the length of the supporting plate depends on the length of the tunnel and the number of workers, and the bearing capacity of the hydraulic jack is also considered.
The upper surface of the supporting plate 1 is arched upwards and is arc-shaped, so that the tunnel top can be fully contacted with a tunnel, the contact area is increased, and the supporting strength is improved. The left and right sides of backup pad 1 is equipped with slide rail 12, and the transversal type of personally submitting of slide rail 12 matches with 3 sizes of concave channel steel, and concave channel-section steel 2 can slide on slide rail 12, and the connection between the backup pad has been strengthened to the concave channel steel of both sides, makes things convenient for the supporting component to pass forward moreover, and wherein, the supporting component is the structure of backup pad equipment together more than two promptly.
The front side and the rear side of the bottom of the supporting plate 1 are provided with the grooves 13 with the same size, the bottom surfaces of the grooves 13 are arc-shaped, the arc-shaped design is consistent with the arc-shaped upper surfaces of the supporting parts 31 of the hydraulic jacks 3, the contact area can be increased, and the supporting is stable. When the front ends and the rear ends of the two supporting plates are in contact connection, the two grooves 13 are combined into a groove with the size twice as large, the size of the combined groove is matched with the size of the supporting part 31 of the hydraulic jack 3, and the hydraulic jack stably supports the supporting component.
As shown in fig. 7, the tunnel is excavated by adopting a step excavation method, rock soil in the tunnel is step-shaped, the temporary support system is assembled on the operation frame 5 erected in the upper space of the tunnel according to the steps, the assembled temporary support has a certain distance from the tunnel face 4, sufficient space is reserved for constructors to carry out excavation operation, the construction efficiency is improved, and the safety guarantee of the constructors is enhanced.
The technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but should be considered as the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above examples only show some embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A temporary supporting method for mine excavation is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
1) assembly supporting component
Taking a support plate, sleeving two concave channel steels along slide rails on two sides of the support plate, and pushing the concave channel steels forwards, wherein the pushing distance is 1-1.5 times of the length of the support plate;
then a supporting plate is taken and sent from the front end of the concave channel steel, and the second supporting plate is moved to be in contact with the first supporting plate;
2) lift support assembly
Lifting the two connected supporting plates obtained in the step 1), aligning the groove at the joint of the two connected supporting plates with the supporting part of the hydraulic jack, and sleeving the supporting part;
the supporting plate which is connected with the supporting plate is stabilized, and the supporting part of the hydraulic jack is lifted until the upper surface of the supporting plate is propped against the tunnel top of the tunnel;
3) extension support assembly
Pushing the concave channel steel on the two sides forwards, wherein the pushing distance is 1-1.5 times of the length of the supporting plate;
then taking a support plate to be fed from the front end of the concave channel steel until the support plate contacts with the two connected support plates;
4) stable supporting assembly
Aligning the supporting part of a second hydraulic jack with the grooves at the bottoms of the two supporting plates connected with the front end, and lifting the hydraulic jack until the supporting part abuts against the bottom surface of the groove;
5) completing supporting, and continuously excavating and propelling the tunnel;
6) movable support assembly
When the construction worker digs the face forwards for 2-3 m, opening an oil return valve of the hydraulic jack far away from the face, and descending the hydraulic jack;
pushing the support plate 1 far away from the tunnel face to the rear end of the slide rail 12, detaching the support plate and then installing the support plate at the front end of the slide rail 12;
7) repeating steps 4) -6).
2. The temporary support method for mine excavation according to claim 1, wherein the support plate of step 1) has a length of 1 m.
3. The temporary support method for mine excavation according to claim 1, wherein the upper surface of the support plate of step 1) is upwardly arched in an arc shape.
4. The temporary support method for mine excavation according to claim 1, wherein slide rails are arranged on two sides of the supporting plate in the step 1), the cross sections of the slide rails are in a convex shape, and the slide rails are matched with the concave channel steel in size.
5. The temporary support method for mine excavation according to claim 1, wherein grooves are formed in front and rear sides of the bottom of the support plate in step 2), and the bottom surfaces of the grooves are arc-shaped.
6. A temporary support method for mine excavation according to claim 5, wherein the size of the groove is half the size of the support portion of the hydraulic jack.
7. The temporary support method for mine excavation according to claim 1, wherein an upper surface of the supporting portion of the hydraulic jack of the step 2) is arc-shaped.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011138808.8A CN112302695B (en) | 2020-10-22 | 2020-10-22 | Temporary supporting method for mine excavation |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011138808.8A CN112302695B (en) | 2020-10-22 | 2020-10-22 | Temporary supporting method for mine excavation |
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| CN112302695A true CN112302695A (en) | 2021-02-02 |
| CN112302695B CN112302695B (en) | 2022-10-14 |
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| CN202011138808.8A Active CN112302695B (en) | 2020-10-22 | 2020-10-22 | Temporary supporting method for mine excavation |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN113565104A (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2021-10-29 | 上海建工集团股份有限公司 | Construction method of ramp connecting part without influencing main line traffic |
| CN115198774A (en) * | 2022-08-09 | 2022-10-18 | 广东中岩岩土工程技术开发有限公司 | Building basement foundation pit slope supporting structure and construction method |
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| CN112302695B (en) | 2022-10-14 |
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Address after: 518101 1008, 10th floor, building 8, 41 District, Xin'an street, Bao'an District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province (Huafeng Xin'an youth entrepreneurship base) Patentee after: POWERCHINA SOUTH CONSTRUCTION INVESTMENT Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: China Power Construction Railway Construction Investment Group Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: SINOHYDRO BUREAU 11 Co.,Ltd. Address before: 518101 1008, 10th floor, building 8, 41 District, Xin'an street, Bao'an District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province (Huafeng Xin'an youth entrepreneurship base) Patentee before: POWERCHINA SOUTH CONSTRUCTION INVESTMENT Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: POWERCHINA RAILWAY CONSTRUCTION Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: SINOHYDRO BUREAU 11 Co.,Ltd. |
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