CN112299260A

CN112299260A - Crane

Info

Publication number: CN112299260A
Application number: CN202011320644.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 桂海波; 刘育鸿; 宁川; 许磊; 林海斌; 冉飞
Original assignee: China Railway 11th Bureau Group Co Ltd; Third Engineering Co Ltd of China Railway 11th Bureau Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: China Railway 11th Bureau Group Co Ltd; Third Engineering Co Ltd of China Railway 11th Bureau Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-11-23
Filing date: 2020-11-23
Publication date: 2021-02-02

Abstract

The invention discloses a crane. A sliding block is rotatably provided with a first roller and a second roller. One end of a first hanging rope is fixed and the other end is wound around a first drum. The suspending rope is drawn from the two ends of the hook and is respectively wound around the first roller and the second roller. When the first reel rotates, the first reel retracts the first suspending rope, under the gravity of the hook and the heavy object , the length of the first hanging rope between the first roller and the second roller is correspondingly shortened or lengthened, so that the first hanging rope drives the hook to rise and fall in the longitudinal direction. The jib is inclined and the slider is slidably arranged on the jib, so that the first roller and the second roller drive the hook to tilt and slide synchronously with the slider, so that the heavy object moves both horizontally and vertically at the same time. On the premise that the moving direction of the heavy object does not change, the purpose of lifting the heavy object is achieved, without relying on the telescopic boom, the failure rate is low, and the structure is relatively simple, so the work reliability can be improved and the manufacturing cost can be reduced at the same time.

Description

Crane

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of hoisting and carrying equipment, in particular to a crane.

Background

The crane is widely applied to occasions such as wharfs, construction sites, workshops and electric power as a common hoisting and carrying machine. The existing crane usually comprises a suspension arm and a lifting hook, in order to enable the suspension arm to drive the lifting hook to move along the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction, the existing suspension arm mostly adopts a telescopic suspension arm, the telescopic suspension arm comprises a plurality of mutually nested supporting sleeves, the environment of the use occasion of the crane is severe, foreign matters such as sand stones are clamped between any two adjacent supporting sleeves, so that the supporting sleeves are extremely easy to wear, the normal stretching of the suspension arm is influenced, the failure rate is relatively high, and the working reliability is low. In addition, the telescopic boom has more related parts, high assembly difficulty and relatively high manufacturing cost.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a crane, in which a first reel lifts a hook along a longitudinal direction by winding and unwinding a first lifting rope, and a slider drives the hook to lift the hook along two directions, i.e., a horizontal direction and a longitudinal direction, when sliding along a boom, so that a heavy object moves along two directions, i.e., the horizontal direction and the longitudinal direction, instead of an existing telescopic boom, and the crane has the advantages of low failure rate, simple structure, improved operational reliability, and reduced manufacturing cost.

The invention provides a crane, comprising:

the suspension arm is obliquely arranged;

the sliding block is slidably arranged on the suspension arm and is rotatably provided with a first idler wheel and a second idler wheel;

a first reel fixedly arranged;

one end of the first lifting rope is fixed, the other end of the first lifting rope is wound on the first winding drum, the first lifting rope is hoisted by a lifting hook, and the first lifting rope led out from the two ends of the lifting hook is respectively and correspondingly wound on the first idler wheel and the second idler wheel so that the lifting hook can lift heavy objects along the longitudinal direction.

Preferably, the lifting device further comprises an upper upright post, the upper upright post is hinged with the lifting arm through a rotary fastener, and the rotary fastener is used for locking the upper upright post and the lifting arm when the lifting arm rotates relative to the upper upright post by a preset angle around the rotary fastener.

Preferably, the suspension arm is provided with a sliding support roller, and further comprises a second winding drum fixedly arranged on the upper stand column and a second suspension rope, wherein one end of the second winding drum is wound on the second winding drum, and the other end of the second winding drum is wound on the sliding support roller until the second suspension rope is fixedly connected with the sliding block so as to drive the sliding block to slide along the suspension arm.

Preferably, the lifting device further comprises a counterweight frame which is connected with the upper upright column and used for supporting the counterweight block, and the counterweight frame and the lifting arm are respectively arranged on two sides of the upper upright column.

Preferably, the upper upright post is hinged to the weight frame through a hinge fastener, and the hinge fastener is used for locking the upper upright post and the weight frame when the weight frame rotates relative to the upper upright post by a specified angle around the hinge fastener.

Preferably, first reel is fixed in the counter weight frame, goes up the stand and is equipped with transition support roller, and the davit is equipped with hoist and mount support roller, and transition support roller, hoist and mount support roller, second gyro wheel, lifting hook and first gyro wheel after-fixing in the stand bottom are walked around in proper order to the one end that first reel was kept away from to first lifting rope.

Preferably, the device also comprises a bearing seat provided with a lower upright post, and the upper upright post is rotatably connected with the lower upright post.

Preferably, the bottom of the bearing seat is provided with a walking roller.

Preferably, the bearing seat is fixedly provided with a third winding drum, and a third lifting rope for dragging the bearing seat to move is wound on the third winding drum.

Preferably, the length-adjustable reinforcing ropes are arranged between the upper upright post and the suspension arm and between the upper upright post and the counterweight frame.

Compared with the background technology, the sliding block is rotatably provided with the first roller and the second roller, one end of the first lifting rope is fixed, the other end of the first lifting rope is wound on the first drum, the first lifting rope is hung on the lifting hook, the first lifting rope is led out from two ends of the lifting hook and is respectively wound on the first roller and the second roller correspondingly, when the first drum rotates, the first drum receives and releases the first lifting rope, and under the action of the gravity of the lifting hook and a heavy object, the length of the first lifting rope between the first roller and the second roller is correspondingly shortened or lengthened, so that the first lifting rope drives the lifting hook to vertically lift, and the lifting hook further lifts the heavy object vertically. In addition, the davit slope sets up, and the slider slidable is located on the davit, and the rotation setting of first gyro wheel and second gyro wheel can make first gyro wheel and second gyro wheel drive the lifting hook and follow the synchronous inclined sliding of slider, and then makes the lifting hook drive heavy object slope slider, makes the heavy object follow two horizontal and vertical movements simultaneously, reaches the promotion heavy object purpose under the moving direction of heavy object does not change the prerequisite.

According to the invention, the moving direction of the heavy object is changed mainly by the first lifting rope and the sliding block, and the telescopic suspension arm is not required, so that the clamping influence of the suspension arm is eliminated, and the working reliability is better; the structure is simple, the assembly is convenient, and the manufacturing cost is low. Therefore, the crane provided by the invention can improve the working reliability and reduce the manufacturing cost at the same time.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a crane according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The reference numbers are as follows:

the lifting device comprises a lifting arm 1, a sliding block 2, a first roller 3, a second roller 4, a first winding drum 5, a first lifting rope 6, a lifting hook 7, an upper upright post 8, a sliding support roller 9, a second winding drum 10, a second lifting rope 11, a balancing weight 12, a balancing weight frame 13, a transition support roller 14, a lifting support roller 15, a bearing seat 16, a walking roller 17, a third winding drum 18, a third lifting rope 19, a reinforcing rope 20, a lower upright post 21 and a tensioning transition roller 22.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the disclosure, the invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a crane according to an embodiment of the present invention.

First, it should be noted that the lateral direction in this specification refers to a direction parallel to the X axis in fig. 1, and the longitudinal direction refers to a direction parallel to the Y axis in fig. 1.

The embodiment of the invention discloses a crane which comprises a suspension arm 1, a sliding block 2, a first reel 5 and a first lifting rope 6. The suspension arm 1 is obliquely arranged, the sliding block 2 is slidably arranged on the suspension arm 1, so that the sliding block 2 obliquely slides along the suspension arm 1, the oblique movement of the sliding block 2 can be decomposed into movements along the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction respectively, and conditions are provided for lifting heavy objects along the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction.

It should be noted that the boom 1 of the present invention is a rod-shaped structure, and can be integrally cast, unlike the existing telescopic boom, which eliminates the failure of the telescopic boom caused by sand and stone jamming, so that the failure rate is reduced, and the operational reliability is improved. The suspension arm 1 is simple in structure, does not need to be assembled with various parts, is low in assembly difficulty, and is beneficial to reducing the manufacturing cost. Therefore, the crane provided by the invention can improve the working reliability and reduce the manufacturing cost at the same time.

The slider 2 is rotationally provided with a first roller 3 and a second roller 4, and the first roller 3 and the second roller 4 are both arranged on a supporting shaft arranged on the slider 2 through bearings. The first roller 3 and the second roller 4 are fixed pulleys, the outer peripheral surfaces of the first roller and the second roller are respectively provided with a limiting groove for winding the first lifting rope 6, the cross section of the limiting groove can be in a semicircular arc shape, and the first lifting rope 6 is prevented from being separated from the first roller 3 or the second roller 4. The first roller 3 and the second roller 4 are distributed along a straight line in a staggered way. The slide 2 may be a climbing device.

The first reel 5 is fixedly provided to receive and release the first lifting rope 6, and the following description refers to the manner of mounting the first reel 5. The first reel 5 may specifically be a winch.

One end of the first lifting rope 6 is fixed, the other end of the first lifting rope is wound on the first winding drum 5, a lifting hook 7 is arranged on the first lifting rope 6 in a lifting mode, and the lifting hook 7 is provided with a movable pulley matched with the first lifting rope 6. Specifically, the first lifting rope 6 is specifically a steel wire rope. The first lifting ropes 6 led out from the two ends of the lifting hook 7 are respectively and correspondingly wound on the first roller 3 and the second roller 4, when the first winding drum 5 rotates forwards and reversely, the first winding drum 5 correspondingly winds and releases the first lifting ropes 6, and under the action of the gravity of the lifting hook 7 and a heavy object, the length of the first lifting ropes 6 between the first roller 3 and the second roller 4 is correspondingly shortened or lengthened, so that the first lifting ropes 6 drive the lifting hook 7 to lift along the longitudinal direction, and further the lifting hook 7 lifts the heavy object along the longitudinal direction.

Furthermore, the slide block 2 slides obliquely, and the rotation of the first roller 3 and the second roller 4 enables the first roller 3 and the second roller 4 to drive the lifting hook 7 to slide obliquely along with the slide block 2 synchronously, so that the lifting hook 7 drives the weight to incline the slide block 2, and the weight can move horizontally and longitudinally at the same time. In view of the foregoing, the present invention can achieve the purpose of lifting the weight without changing the moving direction of the weight.

In order to prevent the heavy object from accidentally falling, a lock catch is arranged at the opening of the lifting hook 7. When a heavy object is hooked, the lock catch is opened, and the opening of the hook 7 is opened. When lifting the weight, the shackle closes, preventing the weight from disengaging the hook 7.

The invention comprises an upper upright 8, the upper upright 8 being used to support the boom 1. Go up stand 8 and davit 1 and pass through the rotation fastener and articulate mutually, make davit 1 rotate for last stand 8 around the rotation fastener, conveniently adjust the slope degree of davit 1 to satisfy the user demand of different occasions, adaptability is better. After the suspension arm 1 rotates by a preset angle, the inclination angle of the suspension arm 1 reaches the best, the rotating fastener is screwed, the upper upright post 8 and the suspension arm 1 are locked by the rotating fastener, the suspension arm 1 is prevented from loosening in the starting process, and the working reliability can be improved. The preset angle refers to the optimal inclination angle of the suspension arm 1, and can be set according to actual conditions. The rotating fastener may in particular be a coupling bolt provided with a nut.

The suspension arm 1 is provided with a sliding support roller 9, the sliding support roller 9 is specifically a fixed pulley, and is specifically arranged at one end of the suspension arm 1 far away from the upper upright post 8. The invention also comprises a second winding drum 10 and a second lifting rope 11, wherein the second winding drum 10 is fixedly arranged on the upper upright post 8 by a plurality of fastening screws. One end of a second lifting rope 11 is wound on the second winding drum 10, and the other end of the second lifting rope is wound on the sliding support roller 9 until the second lifting rope is fixedly connected with the sliding block 2, so that the second winding drum 10 drives the sliding block 2 to slide along the lifting arm 1 by winding and unwinding the second lifting rope 11. Of course, the driving method of the slider 2 is not limited to this. The second drum 10 is also specifically a winch, and the second lifting rope 11 is also specifically a steel wire rope.

In consideration of stability, the invention also comprises a counterweight frame 13 connected with the upper upright post 8, the counterweight frame 13 is arranged on the counterweight block 12, the counterweight frame 13 and the suspension arm 1 are respectively arranged at two sides of the upper upright post 8, so that the counterweight block 12 and a heavy object are kept balanced, the side turning caused by unstable gravity center is prevented, and the safety is better.

The upper upright post 8 is hinged with the counterweight frame 13 through a hinged fastener, so that the counterweight frame 13 rotates relative to the upper upright post 8 around the hinged fastener, the inclination degree of the counterweight frame 13 is convenient to adjust, and the counterweight block 12 and a heavy object are kept balanced continuously. After the counterweight frame 13 rotates by a specified angle, the inclination angle of the counterweight frame 13 reaches the best, the hinged fastening piece is screwed, the upper upright post 8 and the counterweight frame 13 are locked by the hinged fastening piece, the counterweight frame 13 is prevented from loosening, and the working reliability is further improved. The pre-designated angle refers to the optimum inclination angle of the weight frame 13, and can be set according to actual conditions. The articulated fastener may in particular also be a connecting bolt provided with a nut.

The first winding drum 5 is fixedly arranged on the counterweight frame 13, so that the first winding drum 5 and the second winding drum 10 are respectively positioned at two sides of the upper upright post 8, and the counterweight frame 13 and the suspension arm 1 are still beneficial to keeping balance.

The upper upright column 8 is provided with a transition support roller 14, and the suspension arm 1 is provided with a hoisting support roller 15. Transition supporting roller 14 specifically is the fixed pulley of locating the top of last stand 8, and hoist and mount supporting roller 15 specifically is the fixed pulley of locating davit 1 and keeping away from last stand 8 one end, and hoist and mount supporting roller 15 is located the outside of slip supporting roller 9, avoids first lifting rope 6 and second lifting rope 11 mutual interference. In addition, a tensioning transition roller 22 is arranged on one side of the upper upright post 8 close to the weight frame 13 and used for tensioning the first lifting rope 6. The tension transition roller 22 is also a fixed pulley. The first end of the first lifting rope 6 winds on the first winding drum 5, and the second end of the first lifting rope sequentially winds the tensioning transition roller 22, the transition support roller 14, the hoisting support roller 15, the second roller 4, the lifting hook 7 and the first roller 3 until being fixedly arranged at the bottom of the upper upright post 8.

The invention also comprises a bearing seat 16, the bearing seat 16 is provided with a lower upright post 21, the lower upright post 21 and the upper upright post 8 are opposite along the axial direction, but the lower upright post and the upper upright post are not coaxial, the central axis of the lower upright post 21 extends along the longitudinal direction, and the central axis of the upper upright post 8 is obliquely arranged, namely the upper upright post 8 is obliquely arranged, so that the acting force applied by the first lifting rope 6 to the upper upright post 8 is prevented from being overlarge, the service life of the transition support roller 14 is prolonged, the first lifting rope 6 is prevented from falling off, and the improvement on the.

The upper upright post 8 is connected with the lower upright post 21 in a rotating way, so that the upper upright post 8 drives the suspension arm 1 to rotate 360 degrees relative to the lower upright post 21, the suspension arm 1 is used for flexible operation, and the adaptability is better. The present invention may also include a rotary drive associated with the lower column 21 that drives the upper column 8 in rotation relative to the lower column 21. The rotary driving member can be a servo motor, a hydraulic cylinder or an air cylinder.

The lower upright column 21 is vertically arranged on the bearing seat 16, the balancing weight 12 is also arranged on the upper surface of the bearing seat 16, and the gravity center of the crane is stable in the process of further hoisting heavy objects.

In order to facilitate moving the whole crane, the bottom of the bearing seat 16 is provided with a traveling roller 17, and the traveling roller 17 may be a rail roller or a rubber roller, which is not limited herein.

Bear and to set firmly third reel 18 and third lifting rope 19 on the seat 16, the one end of third lifting rope 19 twines on third reel 18, and the other end of third lifting rope 19 can be fixed on wall or fixed equipment, makes third reel 18 drive and bear the seat 16 and remove through receiving and releasing third lifting rope 19, reduces and removes the degree of difficulty, conveniently transports. The third drum 18 may also be a winch, and the third lifting rope 19 may specifically be a wire rope.

In order to prevent accidents in the process of lifting heavy objects, reinforcing ropes 20 are arranged between the upper upright post 8 and the suspension arm 1 and between the upper upright post 8 and the counterweight frame 13, and the lengths of the reinforcing ropes 20 are adjustable, so that the lengths of the reinforcing ropes 20 are changed along with the changes of the inclination angles of the suspension arm 1 and the counterweight frame 13. The number of reinforcing cords 20 provided may be adjusted depending on the implementation.

Specifically, strengthen rope 20 between upper column 8 and lifting rope and divide into two, including first rope portion and second rope portion, be equipped with the first cap of pressing and the second of mutually supporting between first rope portion and the second rope portion and press the cap, the length of the adjustable first rope portion of first cap of pressing, the length of the adjustable second rope portion of cap is pressed to the second, first cap and the second of pressing presses cap threaded connection, thereby strengthen rope 20 length between adjustment upper column 8 and the lifting rope, make the length of strengthening rope 20 and the inclination phase-match of davit 1, make strengthen rope 20 keep the tensioning, prevent that the lifting rope from falling because of the heavy accident of heavy object, the security further obtains promoting. The length of the reinforcing cord 20 between the upper upright 8 and the weight rack 13 is also adjustable, as described above.

The crane provided by the invention is described in detail above, and the principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying specific examples, and the description of the above examples is only used for helping understanding the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. a crane, is characterized in that, comprises:

Boom (1) with inclined setting;

a slider (2) slidably arranged on the boom (1), the slider (2) being rotatably provided with a first roller (3) and a second roller (4);

a fixedly arranged first reel (5);

A first hanging rope (6) with one end fixed and the other end wound around the first reel (5), the first hanging rope (6) is hung with a hook (7), and the hook (7) The first hanging ropes (6) drawn out from both ends are respectively wound around the first roller (3) and the second roller (4) so that the hook (7) lifts the heavy object in the longitudinal direction.

2 . The crane according to claim 1 , further comprising an upper column ( 8 ), the upper column ( 8 ) and the boom ( 1 ) are hinged through a rotating fastener, and the rotating tightening The fastener is used to lock the upper column (8) and the suspension arm (1) when the suspension arm (1) rotates around the rotating fastener relative to the upper column (8) by a preset angle .

3. The crane according to claim 2, characterized in that, the boom (1) is provided with a sliding support roller (9), and further comprises a second drum (10) fixed on the upper column (8) ) and one end is wound around the second reel (10) and the other end is around the sliding support roller (9) until it is fixedly connected with the slider (2) to drive the slider (2) along the The second suspending rope (11) on which the jib (1) slides.

4. The crane according to claim 2, characterized in that it further comprises a counterweight frame (13) connected to the upper column (8) and used to support the counterweight block (12), the counterweight frame (13) ) and the boom (1) are respectively arranged on both sides of the upper column (8).

5. The crane according to claim 4, characterized in that, the upper column (8) and the counterweight frame (13) are hinged through hinge fasteners, and the hinge fasteners are used to When the counterweight frame (13) rotates around the hinge fastener relative to the upper column (8) by a specified angle, the upper column (8) and the counterweight frame (13) are locked.

6. The crane according to claim 4, wherein the first drum (5) is fixed to the counterweight frame (13), and the upper column (8) is provided with a transition support roller (14) , the boom (1) is provided with a hoisting support roller (15), and the end of the first hanging rope (6) away from the first reel (5) goes around the transition support roller (14) in turn , the hoisting support roller (15), the second roller (4), the hook (7) and the first roller (3) are then fixed on the bottom of the upper column (8).

7. The crane according to any one of claims 2 to 6, further comprising a bearing seat (16) provided with a lower column (21), the upper column (8) and the lower column (21) ) to turn the connection.

8. The crane according to claim 7, characterized in that, a traveling roller (17) is provided at the bottom of the bearing seat (16).

9 . The crane according to claim 7 , wherein a third drum ( 18 ) is fixed on the bearing base ( 16 ), and the third drum ( 18 ) is wound around the carrier for dragging the bearing. 10 . The third sling (19) for the movement of the seat (16).

10. The crane according to claim 4, characterized in that, between the upper column (8) and the boom (1) and between the upper column (8) and the counterweight frame (13) A length-adjustable reinforcing rope (20) is provided between the two.