Material tray and discharge apparatus
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bulk material loading and unloading, in particular to a material tray and a discharging device.
Background
Bulk materials, such as grains, fertilizers, cement and the like, are generally contained in bags for transportation, and after a production link, the bulk materials are generally temporarily stored in a stacking manner before being distributed and transported for loading, wherein, taking grains as an example, the grains are harvested and packaged, and then the bagged grains are required to be stacked and then loaded.
Bulk material bags are loaded by a forklift or other lifting mechanism to convey the material bags to a high point and then slide the material bags down from the inclined plane in a slope guiding manner to fall into a boxcar or a stacking point.
In the prior art, the inclined plane material guiding mode has high requirements on the inclined angle of the inclined plane, the high top point of the inclined plane generally has large height difference with the blanking point, and the inclined plane material guiding can be realized, so that the lifting mechanism is required to have large lifting space, the lifting mechanism is required to be built and installed, meanwhile, the inclined plane material guiding needs to have high smoothness on the surface of the inclined plane, the material requirement on the inclined plane is also high, and the whole manufacturing cost of the unloading equipment is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the foregoing, it is necessary to provide a material tray and a discharging device for solving the technical problem of high installation cost in the discharging process of the material bag in the prior art.
The invention provides a material tray, which comprises a base, a supporting plate and an elastic supporting piece, wherein the base is provided with a plurality of grooves;
the base comprises a base body and a discharging part, wherein the base body is provided with a bottom surface and an inclined end surface forming a certain included angle with the bottom surface, the top of the inclined end surface is provided with a hinged end, the discharging part comprises a plurality of rollers rotatably arranged on the inclined end surface, the rollers are distributed on the inclined end surface in at least one row, and the rollers are used for guiding materials downwards along the inclined end surface;
The support plate comprises a support plate body and a hinge part, the hinge part is connected to one side of the support plate body, the hinge part is hinged to the hinge end, the support plate is arranged relative to the inclined end face, and a clearance groove is formed in the support plate body corresponding to each row of rollers;
The elastic support piece is arranged between the support plate and the base and is used for elastically supporting the support plate.
Further, a plurality of struts are arranged on the inclined end face of the base body, the struts are distributed in at least one row on the inclined end face, rollers are rotatably arranged at the upper ends of the struts, and the rotation axes of the rollers are parallel to the inclined end face and perpendicular to the rotation axes of the supporting plates.
Further, a mounting groove is formed at the upper end of each strut, and two sides of the roller are respectively and correspondingly connected to two side walls of the mounting groove in a rotatable manner.
Further, the elastic support member is two compression springs installed between the inclined end face and the support plate body, one end of each compression spring is installed on one side of the base body, and the other end of each compression spring is installed on one side corresponding to the support plate body.
The invention also discloses a discharging device which comprises a lifting mechanism, a blocking piece and the material tray, wherein the lifting mechanism is used for driving the material tray to ascend or descend, and the blocking piece is fixedly arranged above one side of the base, which is far away from the hinged end, and is used for pushing the supporting plate to rotate towards one side, which is close to the base.
Further, the two ends of one side of the supporting plate body far away from the hinging part are respectively and correspondingly provided with a limiting wheel in a rotatable mode, the blocking piece comprises two blocking strips which correspond to two sides of the supporting plate body and are vertically arranged, the distance between the two blocking strips is larger than the width of the base and smaller than the width of the supporting plate body, the blocking strips sequentially comprise an extrusion section, a maintaining section and a releasing section from bottom to top, the distance that the blocking strips extend towards one side close to the material tray is the thickness of the extruding section, the thickness of the extrusion section gradually increases from bottom to top, the thickness of the maintaining section is unchanged, the thickness of the releasing section gradually decreases from bottom to top, and the projection of the maintaining section in the vertical direction partially coincides with the limiting wheel but does not intersect with the base.
Further, elevating system includes the vertical support that installs have a take the altitude, rotatable install in sprocket, cover of support upper end and lower extreme establish and with sprocket drive connection's chain and drive sprocket pivoted driving motor, the chain is provided with a plurality of installation positions along its circumference even interval, every the base is close to the lock ear is installed to one side of articulated end, every the installation position is passed through a material tray is installed to the lock ear.
According to the material tray provided by the invention, on the principle of traditional inclined surface material guiding, the roller arranged on the inclined end surface is adopted to realize downward material guiding, traditional sliding friction is converted into rolling friction, the requirement on the smoothness of the inclined end surface is reduced, meanwhile, the supporting plate is adopted to bear materials, during normal transportation, the supporting plate supports the material bag, when the material bag needs to be discharged, the supporting plate is compressed by external force, the supporting plate rotates to the side close to the base, the clearance groove is matched with the roller, the roller is contacted with the material bag, the material bag can slide down along the inclined end surface, and when the material tray is adopted for discharging, the inclined end surface can realize discharging without great height difference due to the reduction of friction force, and in addition, the control on the discharging can be effectively realized due to the arrangement of the supporting plate and the elastic supporting piece.
According to the unloading device provided by the invention, the lifting mechanism drives the material tray to lift, the blocking piece fixed on one side is adopted to enable the supporting plate to rotate so as to realize unloading, and when the unloading device is used, the material bag only needs to be at a very low height during loading due to the up-down movement of the material tray, and then the material bag is unloaded after ascending along with the tray.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the present invention, and is intended to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention, and is to be accorded the full scope of the present invention.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a material tray according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the material tray of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the base of FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a discharging device according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the X area in FIG. 4;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a material tray in the second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the application is made in connection with the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and together with the description of the embodiments of the application, are used to explain the principles of the application and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.
Example 1
A material pallet 10 comprises a base 1, a support plate 2 and an elastic support 3.
The base 1 comprises a base 11 and a discharging part 12, wherein the base 1 is used as a mounting base body of the whole material tray, the base is provided with a bottom surface 11a and an inclined end surface 112 forming a certain included angle with the bottom surface 111, the top of the inclined end surface 112 is provided with a hinged end 113, the discharging part 12 comprises a plurality of rollers 121 rotatably arranged on the inclined end surface 112, the rollers 121 are distributed in at least one row on the inclined end surface 112, and the rollers 121 are used for guiding materials downwards along the inclined end surface.
The support plate 2 comprises a support plate body 21 and a hinge portion 22, the hinge portion 22 is connected to one side of the support plate body 21, the hinge portion 22 is hinged to the hinge end 113, the support plate body 21 is arranged opposite to the inclined end face 112, and a clearance groove 21a is formed in the support plate body 21 corresponding to each row of rollers 121.
It will be appreciated that in the solution of the present application, only one row of rollers 121 is needed to reduce the friction between the inclined end surface 112 and the material bag 20, but in some embodiments, the number of rows of rollers 121 is greater than one, and in this embodiment, the rollers 121 are arranged in three rows in order to enable the material bag 20 to slide more smoothly from the inclined end surface.
Specifically, the inclined end surface 112 of the base 11 is provided with a plurality of struts 122, the struts 122 are distributed in at least one row on the inclined end surface 112, and similarly, the struts 122 are distributed in three rows on the inclined end surface 112 correspondingly, the upper end of the struts 122 is rotatably provided with a roller 121, and the rotation axis of the roller 121 is parallel to the inclined end surface 112 and is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the support plate 2.
As a specific installation mode of the present application, an installation groove is formed at the upper end of each pillar 122, and two sides of the roller 121 are rotatably connected to two sidewalls of the installation groove respectively.
Wherein the elastic support member 3 is installed between the support plate 2 and the base 1, and is used for elastically supporting the support plate 2.
Preferably, the elastic supporting member 3 is two compression springs installed between the inclined end surface 112 and the supporting plate 21, and one end of each compression spring is installed on one side of the base 11, and the other end is installed on the corresponding side of the supporting plate 21.
In the actual installation, the need of the spring ensures that the supporting plate 2 is not contacted with the base 1 after the spring is pressed by the material bag 20, and meanwhile, the requirement that the spring is not excessively stretched after unloading to cause the supporting plate to swing greatly is met as much as possible, namely, the spring with relatively large elastic modulus is selected.
When the material tray provided by the embodiment is used, the material bag 20 is placed on the upper end face of the supporting plate body 21, the supporting plate body 21 forms a good support for the material bag 20 under the action of the spring, when the material tray is required to be discharged, an external force which rotates towards the seat body 1 is applied to the supporting plate body 21, when the external force is large enough, the supporting plate body 21 rotates towards the side close to the seat body 1, the clearance groove 21a is matched with the roller 121, the roller 121 is in contact with the material bag 20, and the material bag 20 can slide down along the inclined end face 112.
Example two
As shown in fig. 3 in combination with fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment provides a discharge apparatus comprising a lifting mechanism 30, a barrier 40 and a material tray 10 as described above.
The lifting mechanism 30 is configured to drive the material tray 10 to rise or fall, and the blocking member 40 is fixedly disposed above a side of the base 1 away from the hinge end 113, and is configured to push the support plate 2 to rotate toward a side close to the base 1.
The two ends of the support plate 21 far away from one side of the hinge 22 are respectively and rotatably provided with a limiting wheel 23, the blocking piece 40 comprises two blocking strips 41 which are corresponding to two sides of the support plate 21 and are vertically arranged, the distance between the two blocking strips 41 is larger than the width of the base 1 and smaller than the width of the support plate 21, the blocking strips 41 sequentially comprise a pressing section 411, a maintaining section 412 and a releasing section 413 from bottom to top, the distance of the blocking strips 41 extending towards one side close to the material tray 10 is the thickness of the blocking strips, the thickness of the pressing section 411 gradually increases from bottom to top, the thickness of the maintaining section 412 is unchanged, the thickness of the releasing section 413 gradually decreases from bottom to top, and the projection of the maintaining section 412 in the vertical direction partially coincides with the limiting wheel 23 but does not intersect with the base 1.
The setting of spacing wheel 23 has prevented that blocking member 40 and backup pad body 21 directly take place rigid collision contact, and lead to backup pad body 21 to damage, and then influence its life, in addition, during actual operation, because maintain section 412 in the projection of vertical direction with spacing wheel 23 part coincidence guarantees that spacing wheel 23 upward movement must contact with blend stop 41.
The contact concrete process is that the limiting wheel 23 is firstly abutted against the extrusion section 411, the thickness of the extrusion section 411 gradually increases from bottom to top, so that the limiting wheel 23 is naturally pressed down when the supporting plate 21 moves upwards, the supporting plate 21 rotates towards the side close to the base 1, when the position avoidance groove 21a on the supporting plate 21 is matched with the roller 121, the roller 121 is contacted with the material bag 20, the material bag 20 slides down, at the moment, the limiting wheel 23 is abutted against the maintaining section 412 of the barrier strip 41, after the unloading of the material tray 10 is completed, the limiting wheel 23 continuously moves upwards, and the supporting plate is reset under the elastic force of the spring due to the fact that the thickness of the release section 413 gradually decreases from bottom to top through the release section 413.
In this embodiment, the lifting mechanism 30 includes a vertically installed bracket 31 having a certain height, a sprocket 32 rotatably installed at the upper end and the lower end of the bracket 31, a chain 33 sleeved and in transmission connection with the sprocket 32, and a driving motor 33 driving the sprocket 32 to rotate, wherein the chain 33 is uniformly provided with a plurality of installation positions at intervals along the circumferential direction, each base 1 is provided with a locking lug 13 at one side close to the hinged end 113, and each installation position is provided with a material tray 10 through the locking lug 13.
When the sprocket 32 rotates counterclockwise as shown in fig. 3, the left part of the chain 33 moves upward and the right part moves downward, thereby realizing the recycling of the material pallet 10 and the continuous carrying of the material.
When the material bag conveying device is used, the blanking points are correspondingly arranged on the left side of the barrier strip 41, the driving motor 33 is started, the driving motor 33 drives the chain wheel 32 to rotate anticlockwise, the left material tray 10 is driven by the chain 33 to ascend, the limiting wheels 23 on the material tray 10 are abutted to the barrier strip 41, the supporting plate body 21 rotates towards the position close to the base 1, when the position avoiding grooves 21a on the supporting plate body 21 are matched with the rollers 121, the rollers 121 are in contact with the material bag 20, the material bag 20 slides down, and then the material bag 20 is conveyed.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.