CN112278202A - Saturated diving plus-minus ballast screwing door structure - Google Patents

Saturated diving plus-minus ballast screwing door structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112278202A
CN112278202A CN202011165222.0A CN202011165222A CN112278202A CN 112278202 A CN112278202 A CN 112278202A CN 202011165222 A CN202011165222 A CN 202011165222A CN 112278202 A CN112278202 A CN 112278202A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
door
cylinder
wedge
arched
swivel
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Pending
Application number
CN202011165222.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘崇喆
马金金
赵锡超
伍常斌
宋士虎
陈超
冯仕清
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Guangzhou Huangchuan Marine Engineering Co ltd
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Guangzhou Huangchuan Marine Engineering Co ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Guangzhou Huangchuan Marine Engineering Co ltd filed Critical Guangzhou Huangchuan Marine Engineering Co ltd
Priority to CN202011165222.0A priority Critical patent/CN112278202A/en
Publication of CN112278202A publication Critical patent/CN112278202A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63CLAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
    • B63C11/00Equipment for dwelling or working underwater; Means for searching for underwater objects
    • B63C11/02Divers' equipment
    • B63C11/32Decompression arrangements; Exercise equipment

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Pressure Vessels And Lids Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a saturated diving pressure-reducing cabin screwing door structure which comprises a connecting cabin door cylinder and an arched door cover arranged on an opening of the connecting cabin door cylinder, wherein the arched door cover is opened and closed on the opening of the connecting cabin door cylinder, and a pressing rotating ring is arranged on the opening of the connecting cabin door cylinder; the compaction rotating ring is sleeved on the opening of the connecting cabin door cylinder and is fixed in the clamping groove through the clamping ring to rotationally limit the compaction rotating ring; in addition, the inner side surface of the compression swivel is provided with a first wedge-shaped block, the periphery of the arched door cover is provided with a second wedge-shaped block, and the first wedge-shaped block extrudes the second wedge-shaped block through a contact inclined surface when the compression swivel is rotated, so that the arched door cover compresses the joint surface of the connecting cabin door cylinder to form sealing. The invention has the advantages of large compression strength of the sealing surface, obvious sealing effect, simple operation, difficult damage, satisfying the technical requirements and reducing the time and labor cost for disassembling the hatch cover.

Description

Saturated diving plus-minus ballast screwing door structure
Technical Field
The invention relates to a saturated diving pressure-reducing and pressure-reducing ballast screwing door structure.
Background
The saturated diving pressure reducing and pressure reducing cabin is a part of a saturated diving system on a saturated diving ship, and when the diving depth is 120-500 m, the helium-oxygen mixed gas pressure in the cabin is 12-50 bar. If the diver needs to directly enter the sea for operation, the operation is the saturated diving operation.
Before entering the seabed operation, a diver needs to adjust the pressure inside the diver according to the depth of seawater, and the process needs to be carried out slowly; after the diving operation is finished, the pressure in the body of the diver also needs to be slowly reduced from high pressure to atmospheric pressure, and then the pressure in the body of the diver is regulated by means of pressurization and depressurization. The cabin door of the pressure reducing cabin is used for divers to enter and exit the pressure reducing cabin, is a maximum openable and closable opening of the pressure reducing cabin and is also a high-speed position of gas leakage. Therefore, the door of the pressure reducing and pressure reducing cabin needs to be high pressure resistant, good in sealing performance, easy to open and close and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a structure of a saturated diving pressure-reducing cabin screwing door, which has the characteristics of high strength, high pressure resistance, firmness, durability, good sealing property, easy operation of opening and closing, etc.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the saturated diving pressure-reducing cabin screwing door structure is designed to be cylindrical in shape in order to meet the requirements of high strength and high pressure resistance of the door, the structural compression strength is high, deformation caused by high pressure is reduced, and the integral use stability is improved. The leakproofness of door through designing one set of hydraulic pressure screwing device, through pneumatic cylinder tensile, drives to compress tightly the swivel rotation, compresses tightly first wedge on the swivel and the second wedge slope on the circular arched door the same, through rotatory, compresses tightly the swivel and presses the arch door closure more tightly to the composition surface of connecting the hatch door barrel, thereby cooperates "O" shape sealing washer to form sealed effect again. The screwing door is closed and opened by operating the hydraulic cylinder, the operation is simple and convenient, the hydraulic cylinder can be detached under extreme conditions, and the opening and closing of the pressure reducing cabin screwing door are realized by using a hand hammer method.
The saturated diving pressure-reducing cabin screwing door structure comprises a connecting cabin door cylinder and an arched door cover arranged on an opening of the connecting cabin door cylinder, wherein the arched door cover is opened and closed on the opening of the connecting cabin door cylinder;
the joint surfaces of the arched door cover and the connecting cabin door cylinder are smooth sealing surfaces, a groove is arranged on the joint surface of the connecting cabin door cylinder, and an O-shaped sealing ring is arranged in the groove; in order to facilitate the convenient opening and closing of the arched door cover, the arched door cover is arranged on the connecting cabin door cylinder through a hinge support, the hinge support comprises a first support welded on the outer side surface of the arched door cover and a second support welded on the connecting cabin door cylinder, and the first support is hinged with the second support so as to horizontally open or close the arched door cover at the opening position of the connecting cabin door cylinder.
The compaction rotating ring is sleeved at the opening position on the connection cabin door cylinder and comprises a first compaction semi-rotating ring and a second compaction semi-rotating ring which are matched and fixed through a connecting plate and a bolt, a clamping ring is arranged on the inner side surface of the compaction rotating ring, a clamping groove corresponding to the clamping ring is arranged on the outer side surface of the connection cabin door cylinder, and the clamping ring is fixed in the clamping groove to rotationally limit the compaction rotating ring;
in addition, the medial surface that compresses tightly the swivel still is equipped with the first wedge that a plurality of intervals set up, the periphery of arch door closure is equipped with the second wedge that the interval set up, the clearance between two adjacent first wedges of accessible of second wedge when arch door closure, rotatory first wedge extrudees each other through the contact inclined plane to the second wedge when compressing tightly the swivel (like clockwise rotation, direction of rotation sets up the direction and decides according to the inclined plane on the wedge), makes the joint surface of arch door closure to connecting the hatch door barrel compress tightly, and the cooperation sealing washer forms sealedly.
Further, the pressing swivel further comprises a driving mechanism, preferably implemented by a hydraulic device, and specifically, the hydraulic device comprises a hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinders are installed on the same plane at the center of the pressing swivel ring. One end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged with a hydraulic cylinder mounting base on the cabin door cylinder body, and the other end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged with a hydraulic cylinder driving base on the compression swivel. The pneumatic cylinder is connected and is fixed in the one end of connecting the hatch door barrel, along with the flexible of pneumatic cylinder, compresses tightly the swivel and follows pneumatic cylinder drive base and move together, because of the restriction between the inclined plane of first wedge and second wedge, compresses tightly the swivel and carries out the rotation of limited stroke along the axis of connecting the hatch door barrel.
The stroke of pneumatic cylinder needs and the length phase-match of the single wedge of arch door closure excircle, and when the pneumatic cylinder contracts completely, the arch door closure can normally be opened, and when the pneumatic cylinder extended, the arch door closure compressed tightly on connecting the hatch door barrel by compressing tightly the swivel, accomplished the sealed operation of door.
More preferably, the hydraulic cylinder is equipped with a hydraulic power unit and a hand pump, and is also equipped with a hand hammer. The arched door cover has 3 switch forms: 1. the arched door cover is opened and closed by a hydraulic control system; 2. the arch door cover is opened and closed by using the hand pump in an emergency state; 3. in an emergency state, the connecting pin of the hydraulic cylinder driving base and the hydraulic cylinder is removed, and the arched door cover is knocked by the hand hammer to open and close the arched door cover.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the screwing door is high in structural strength, the first wedge-shaped block forces the arched door cover to tightly press the cabin door cylinder to form sealing after the pressing rotating ring is driven to rotate by hydraulic pressure, the sealing surface is high in pressing strength, the sealing effect is obvious, meanwhile, the screwing door is simple to operate and not prone to damage, the technical requirements are met, and time and labor cost for disassembling the cabin cover are reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a structure of a connecting hatch cylinder;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the arched door cover;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the pressing rotary ring;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the connection of the hydraulic cylinders;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the state of the screwed door structure closing the space between the front arched door cover and the connecting cabin door cylinder;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the position between the arched door cover and the connecting hatch cylinder after the revolving door structure is closed;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of the engagement of the first wedge block and the second wedge block when the pressing swivel rotates;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the engagement of the first wedge and the second wedge after the revolving door structure is closed;
fig. 9 is a partial structural view of the revolving door structure after closing.
In the figure: 1-connecting a cabin door cylinder; 11-a groove; 12- "O" shaped sealing ring; 13-a card slot; 14-a hydraulic cylinder mounting base; 2-an arched door cover; 3-pressing the rotating ring; 31-a first compression half-turn; 32-second compression half-turn; 33-a snap ring; 34-a hydraulic cylinder driving base; 4-a hinge bracket; 41-a first scaffold; 42-a second stent; 5-connecting plates; 6-a first wedge; 7-a second wedge; 8-hydraulic cylinder.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention clearer, the following detailed description is given with reference to specific embodiments.
Fig. 1-9 illustrate a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
The saturated diving pressure-reducing cabin screwing door structure comprises a connecting cabin door cylinder 1 and an arched door cover 2 arranged on an opening of the connecting cabin door cylinder 1, wherein the arched door cover 2 is opened and closed on the opening of the connecting cabin door cylinder 1, and a rotary pressing mechanism is arranged on the opening of the connecting cabin door cylinder 1 and comprises a pressing rotating ring 3;
the joint surfaces of the arched door cover 2 and the connecting cabin door cylinder 1 are smooth sealing surfaces, a groove 11 is arranged on the joint surface of the connecting cabin door cylinder 1, and an O-shaped sealing ring 12 is arranged in the groove 11; in order to facilitate the opening and closing of the arched door 2, the arched door 2 is disposed on the connecting cabin door cylinder 1 through the hinge bracket 4, the hinge bracket 4 includes a first bracket 41 welded to the outer side surface of the arched door 2 and a second bracket 42 welded to the connecting cabin door cylinder 1, and the first bracket 41 is hinged to the second bracket 42 to horizontally open or close the arched door 2 at the opening position of the connecting cabin door cylinder 1.
The compressing rotating ring 3 is sleeved at the opening position of the connecting cabin door cylinder 1, and in order to facilitate the installation of the compressing rotating ring 3, the compressing rotating ring 3 comprises a first compressing semi-rotating ring 31 and a second compressing semi-rotating ring 32 which are matched and fixed through a connecting plate 5 and a bolt, a clamping ring 33 is arranged on the inner side surface of the compressing rotating ring 3, a clamping groove 13 corresponding to the clamping ring 33 is arranged on the outer side surface of the connecting cabin door cylinder 1, and the clamping ring 33 is fixed in the clamping groove 13 to rotationally limit the compressing rotating ring 3;
in addition, the medial surface that compresses tightly swivel 3 still is equipped with ten first wedges 6 that the interval set up, the periphery of arch door closure 2 is equipped with ten second wedges 7 that the interval set up, second wedge 7 the clearance between two adjacent first wedges 6 of accessible when arch door closure 2 is closed, first wedge 6 compresses tightly the composition surface of hatch door barrel 1 to connecting through the mutual extrusion of contact inclined plane to second wedge 7 when rotatory swivel 3 that compresses tightly (like clockwise rotation, the direction of rotation sets up the direction according to the inclined plane on the wedge and decides), make arch door closure 2 compress tightly to the composition surface of connecting the hatch door barrel 1, cooperation "O" shape sealing washer 12 forms sealedly.
Further, the pressing swivel 3 further comprises a driving mechanism, preferably implemented by a hydraulic device, specifically, the hydraulic device comprises a hydraulic cylinder 8, and the hydraulic cylinder 8 is installed on the same plane at the center of the circular ring of the pressing swivel 3. One end of the hydraulic cylinder 8 is hinged with the hydraulic cylinder mounting base 14 on the connecting cabin door cylinder 1, and the other end is hinged with the hydraulic cylinder driving base 34 on the pressing rotary ring 3. The one end that pneumatic cylinder 8 connects at the connection hatch door barrel 1 is fixed motionless, along with the flexible of pneumatic cylinder 8, compresses tightly swivel 3 and follows pneumatic cylinder drive base 34 and move together, because of the restriction between the inclined plane of first wedge 6 and second wedge 7, compresses tightly swivel 3 and carries out the rotation of limited stroke along the axis of connecting the hatch door barrel 1.
The stroke of pneumatic cylinder 8 needs and the length phase-match of the single second wedge 7 of 2 excircles of arch door closure, and when pneumatic cylinder 8 contracts completely, arch door closure 2 can normally open, and when pneumatic cylinder 8 extended, arch door closure 2 was compressed tightly on connecting hatch door barrel 1 by compressing tightly swivel 3, accomplished the sealed operation of door.
More preferably, the hydraulic cylinder 8 is equipped with a hydraulic power unit and a hand pump, as well as a hand hammer. The arched door cover 2 has 3 switch forms:
1. under normal conditions, the arched door cover is opened and closed by a hydraulic control system;
2. in an emergency state, the arch door cover is opened and closed by using the hand pump;
3. in an emergency state, the connecting pin of the hydraulic cylinder driving base 34 and the hydraulic cylinder 8 is removed, and the arched door cover 2 is knocked by a hand hammer, so that the arched door cover 2 is opened and closed.
For satisfying the high withstand voltage's of the high strength requirement of door, will screw door structure global design for the cylinder in this embodiment, structure compressive strength is big, reduces the deformation that the high pressure arouses, improves the stability of whole use. The leakproofness of door through designing one set of hydraulic pressure screwing device, through pneumatic cylinder 8 is tensile, drives to compress tightly the swivel 3 rotation, compresses tightly the slope of first wedge 6 on the swivel 3 and the second wedge 7 on the circular arch door closure 2 the same, through rotatory, compresses tightly the swivel 3 with arch door closure 2 to the composition surface of connecting hatch door barrel 1 and compress tightly more, thereby cooperates "O" shape sealing washer 12 formation sealed effect again. The screwing door is closed and opened by operating the hydraulic cylinder 8, the operation is simple and convenient, the connection of the hydraulic cylinder 8 can be detached under extreme conditions, and the opening and closing of the pressure reducing and pressure reducing screwing door are realized by using a hand hammer method.
The control process comprises the following steps:
the arched door cover 2 is closed on the connecting cabin door cylinder 1, the second wedge block 7 passes through the gap between the two adjacent first wedge blocks 6, at this time, the state between the arched door cover 2 and the connecting cabin door cylinder 1 is shown in fig. 5, the compressing rotary ring 3 extends through the hydraulic pump station control system operation hydraulic cylinder 8, the compressing rotary ring 3 rotates clockwise, the first wedge block 6 in the compressing rotary ring 3 slowly compresses the second wedge block 7 outside the arched door cover 2, because the contact surface between the first wedge block 6 and the second wedge block 7 is an inclined surface, along with the rotation of the compressing rotary ring 3, the arched door cover 2 gradually approaches to the connecting cabin door cylinder 1, the gap between the two is smaller and smaller, the arched door cover 2 is tightly closed and locked, the sealing of the whole pressure reducing cabin door is realized by matching with the O-shaped sealing ring 12, and at the moment, the state between the arched door cover 2 and the connecting cabin door cylinder 1 is shown in fig. 6. When the pressing rotary ring needs to be opened, the pressing rotary ring 3 is shortened through the hydraulic pump station control system operation hydraulic cylinder 8, and the pressing rotary ring 3 rotates anticlockwise.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (9)

1. A saturated diving pressure-reducing cabin screwing door structure comprises a connecting cabin door cylinder and an arched door cover arranged on an opening of the connecting cabin door cylinder, wherein the arched door cover is opened and closed on the opening of the connecting cabin door cylinder;
the compaction rotating ring is sleeved on an opening of the connection cabin door cylinder, a clamping ring is arranged on the inner side surface of the compaction rotating ring, a clamping groove corresponding to the clamping ring is arranged on the outer side surface of the connection cabin door cylinder, and the clamping ring is fixed in the clamping groove to rotationally limit the compaction rotating ring;
in addition, the medial surface that compresses tightly the swivel still is equipped with the first wedge that a plurality of intervals set up, the periphery of arch door closure is equipped with the second wedge that the interval set up, the clearance between two adjacent first wedges of accessible of second wedge when arch door closure is closed, and first wedge extrudees each other through the contact inclined plane to the second wedge when rotatory compression swivel, makes the arch door closure compress tightly to the composition surface of connecting the hatch door barrel and form sealedly.
2. The swing door structure according to claim 1, wherein the arched door cover is disposed on the connecting cabin door cylinder by a hinge bracket, the hinge bracket comprises a first bracket welded to an outer side surface of the arched door cover and a second bracket welded to the connecting cabin door cylinder, and the first bracket is hinged to the second bracket.
3. The swing door structure according to claim 1, wherein the engagement surfaces of the arched door cover and the connecting door cylinder are smooth sealing surfaces.
4. The swing door structure according to claim 3, wherein the engagement surface of the connection cabin door cylinder is provided with a groove, and an O-shaped sealing ring is arranged in the groove.
5. The tightening door structure according to claim 1, wherein the compression swivel comprises a first compression half swivel and a second compression half swivel, and the first compression half swivel and the second compression half swivel are connected and fixed through a connecting plate and a bolt to form a complete compression swivel.
6. The screwing door structure according to claim 1, further comprising a hydraulic device for driving the pressing swivel to rotate and reset, wherein the hydraulic device comprises a hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic pump station, the hydraulic cylinder is mounted on the same plane at the center of the pressing swivel, one end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the hydraulic cylinder mounting base on the connecting cabin door cylinder, and the other end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the hydraulic cylinder driving base on the pressing swivel.
7. The screwing gate structure of claim 6, wherein the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder is matched with the length of the single second wedge-shaped block, and when the hydraulic cylinder is fully contracted, the first wedge-shaped block and the second wedge-shaped block are staggered with each other to ensure that the arched gate cover is normally opened; when the hydraulic cylinder extends to the longest, the inclined planes of the first wedge-shaped block and the second wedge-shaped block are just overlapped with each other, and the arched door cover is tightly pressed on the connecting cabin door cylinder by the pressing rotary ring to form sealing.
8. The swing door structure according to claim 7, wherein the hydraulic cylinder is further equipped with a hand pump, and the hand pump is used to open and close the arched door cover in emergency.
9. The screwing gate structure of claim 7, wherein said hydraulic cylinder is further equipped with a hand hammer, and the connecting pin of the hydraulic cylinder driving base and the hydraulic cylinder is removed in emergency, and the arched gate cover is opened and closed by striking the arched gate cover with the hand hammer.
CN202011165222.0A 2020-10-27 2020-10-27 Saturated diving plus-minus ballast screwing door structure Pending CN112278202A (en)

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CN202011165222.0A CN112278202A (en) 2020-10-27 2020-10-27 Saturated diving plus-minus ballast screwing door structure

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202011165222.0A CN112278202A (en) 2020-10-27 2020-10-27 Saturated diving plus-minus ballast screwing door structure

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CN112278202A true CN112278202A (en) 2021-01-29

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CN202011165222.0A Pending CN112278202A (en) 2020-10-27 2020-10-27 Saturated diving plus-minus ballast screwing door structure

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113790268A (en) * 2021-09-01 2021-12-14 浙江东溟科技有限公司 Deep water energy storage control cabin
CN118189050A (en) * 2024-03-29 2024-06-14 张建斌 Intelligent sealing device for water jacket of outside-method gas cylinder hydrostatic test

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2020107C1 (en) * 1991-10-29 1994-09-30 Ор Александрович Мороцкий Ship hatch closure
CN200967540Y (en) * 2006-11-03 2007-10-31 中国舰船研究设计中心 Overpressure resistant sealed cabin cap
KR20130104030A (en) * 2012-03-12 2013-09-25 에스티엑스조선해양 주식회사 The door of ship
CN103879513A (en) * 2014-03-19 2014-06-25 中国船舶重工集团公司第七○二研究所 Hatch cover device capable of being automatically opened, closed and locked
CN203669679U (en) * 2014-01-03 2014-06-25 中国建筑材料科学研究总院 Suspending multipoint compaction-type sealed cabin door
CN105292382A (en) * 2015-12-07 2016-02-03 湖南省英越船舶配套工程有限责任公司 Hatch cover
CN206278226U (en) * 2016-11-29 2017-06-27 中船黄埔文冲船舶有限公司 A kind of safeguard structure being installed on manhole cover for ship
CN108791706A (en) * 2018-06-14 2018-11-13 中国船舶科学研究中心(中国船舶重工集团公司第七0二研究所) A kind of manned underwater vehicle hatch board locking device
CN211281377U (en) * 2019-12-30 2020-08-18 天长市平安船舶设备有限公司 Quick-opening and closing escape hatch cover

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2020107C1 (en) * 1991-10-29 1994-09-30 Ор Александрович Мороцкий Ship hatch closure
CN200967540Y (en) * 2006-11-03 2007-10-31 中国舰船研究设计中心 Overpressure resistant sealed cabin cap
KR20130104030A (en) * 2012-03-12 2013-09-25 에스티엑스조선해양 주식회사 The door of ship
CN203669679U (en) * 2014-01-03 2014-06-25 中国建筑材料科学研究总院 Suspending multipoint compaction-type sealed cabin door
CN103879513A (en) * 2014-03-19 2014-06-25 中国船舶重工集团公司第七○二研究所 Hatch cover device capable of being automatically opened, closed and locked
CN105292382A (en) * 2015-12-07 2016-02-03 湖南省英越船舶配套工程有限责任公司 Hatch cover
CN206278226U (en) * 2016-11-29 2017-06-27 中船黄埔文冲船舶有限公司 A kind of safeguard structure being installed on manhole cover for ship
CN108791706A (en) * 2018-06-14 2018-11-13 中国船舶科学研究中心(中国船舶重工集团公司第七0二研究所) A kind of manned underwater vehicle hatch board locking device
CN211281377U (en) * 2019-12-30 2020-08-18 天长市平安船舶设备有限公司 Quick-opening and closing escape hatch cover

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113790268A (en) * 2021-09-01 2021-12-14 浙江东溟科技有限公司 Deep water energy storage control cabin
CN118189050A (en) * 2024-03-29 2024-06-14 张建斌 Intelligent sealing device for water jacket of outside-method gas cylinder hydrostatic test
CN118189050B (en) * 2024-03-29 2024-12-13 张建斌 Intelligent sealing device for water jacket of outside-method gas cylinder hydrostatic test

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