CN112268786B - Rock-like material bidirectional pressure test device and working method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a rock-like material bidirectional pressure test device and a working method, and the rock-like material bidirectional pressure test device comprises a base, an upright post, a working platform, a pressure-bearing column, a vertical loading piece, a first confining pressure loading beam and a second confining pressure loading beam, wherein the first confining pressure loading beam and the second confining pressure loading beam can be fixedly connected through a pull rod, the first confining pressure loading beam is provided with a plurality of confining pressure loading pieces, the first confining pressure loading beam and the second confining pressure loading beam can be detachably connected with one end of a connecting piece, the other end of the connecting piece is rotatably connected with a fixing piece, and the fixing piece is fixedly connected with the upright post.

Description

A bidirectional pressure test device and working method for rock-like materials

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of rock-like material test equipment, in particular to a rock-like material bidirectional pressure test device and a working method.

Background technique

The statements herein merely provide background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

In the test process of studying tunnel stability, it is usually necessary to use a pressure testing machine to axially load the test model with axial pressure, and to apply confining pressure on both sides to simulate the real stress conditions of the tunnel.

The inventor found that the current pressure testing machine can only apply confining pressure to small-sized cylindrical specimens. For large-scale block test models, it is necessary to separately match the confining pressure loading device, and manually lift the confining pressure loading device to the pressure test. On the working platform of the machine, it is time-consuming and laborious to carry the confining pressure loading device back and forth many times, which reduces the test efficiency. In addition, the thickness of ordinary thin steel plates is about 2cm. Due to the large size of the test model, ordinary thin steel platens will cause concentrated stress on the top surface and be prone to deformation; stacking multiple layers of thin steel plates will increase the risk of the test and make handling very difficult.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a bidirectional pressure test device for similar rock materials, which facilitates the handling of the confining pressure loading device and the steel platen and improves the test efficiency.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

In the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a two-way pressure test device for rock-like materials, including a base, a column, a working platform, a pressure column and a vertical loading member, and also includes a first confining pressure that can be fixedly connected by a tie rod. The loading beam and the second confining pressure loading beam, the first confining pressure loading beam is provided with a plurality of confining pressure loading parts, both the first confining pressure loading beam and the second confining pressure loading beam can be detachably connected to one end of the connecting piece, connected The other end of the piece is rotationally connected with the fixing piece, and the fixing piece is fixedly connected with the column.

In combination with the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a possible implementation of the first aspect, which also includes a steel pressing plate for placing on the top surface of the test model, the thickness of the steel pressing plate is 8cm-10cm, and the steel pressing plate The area of the top surface of the pressure plate is smaller than the area of the bottom surface, and the area of the bottom surface matches the top surface area of the test model, which is used to make the top surface of the test model evenly stressed.

In combination with the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a possible implementation of the first aspect, further comprising a side plate for placing between the confining pressure loading member and the side of the test model, the confining pressure loading member can pass through the side plate A horizontal confining pressure load is applied to the test model.

In combination with the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a possible implementation of the first aspect, which also includes a bottom plate, which can be fixedly connected with the working platform, and is used to place the test model, the first confining pressure loading beam and the second Secondary pressure-loaded beams.

In combination with the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a possible implementation of the first aspect, the connecting piece includes a connecting body, one end of the connecting body is provided with a connecting lug, and the connecting lug is screwed with a hook The hook can be connected with the first confining pressure loading beam and the second confining pressure loading beam, and the other end of the connecting body is provided with a rotating shaft, and the connecting body is rotatably connected with the fixed part through the rotating shaft.

In combination with the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a possible implementation of the first aspect, the fixing member includes a fixing sleeve and a fixing block, the fixing sleeve is fixedly connected to the column, and the fixing block is fixed on the fixing sleeve, The fixed block is provided with a through hole for the rotating shaft to pass through.

In combination with the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a possible implementation of the first aspect, the fixed sleeve includes a semicircular first clamping part and a second clamping part, and the first clamping part and the second clamping part The two clamping parts can be detachably fixed to realize the clamping and fixing of the column.

In combination with the first aspect, the embodiments of the present invention provide a possible implementation of the first aspect, the first confining pressure loading beam and the second confining pressure loading beam both adopt T-shaped beams, including a first loading part and a vertical The second loading part is arranged in the middle of the first loading part, the first loading part can be detachably connected with the connecting part, and the confining pressure loading part is fixed on the first loading part of the first confining pressure loading beam.

In combination with the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a possible implementation of the first aspect, the two ends of the tie rod are provided with threaded rod sections, and the two ends of the tie rod can pass through the first confining pressure loading beam and the second Confining pressure loads the beam and tightens the compression nuts.

In the second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a working method of a rock-like material bidirectional pressure test device, in which the first confining pressure loading beam and the second confining pressure loading beam are connected to the connectors in advance, and the test model is placed in the working On the platform, the connector moves so that the first confining pressure loading beam and the second confining pressure loading beam rotate to the two sides of the test model respectively, and the connector is removed from the first confining pressure loading beam and the second confining pressure loading beam , rotate the connector to the outside of the test area, fix the first and second confining pressure loading beams with tie rods, so that the confining pressure loading parts can apply horizontal confining pressure loads to the test model, and the vertical loading parts and the surrounding The pressure-loaded parts apply load to the test model to carry out the confining pressure simulation test. After the test is completed, the connector is connected with the first confining pressure loading beam and the second confining pressure loading beam again, and the first confining pressure loading beam and the second confining pressure loading beam are rotated. Beam to the outside of the loaded area for the next use.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

1. In the two-way pressure test device for rock-like materials of the present invention, the first confining pressure loading beam and the second confining pressure loading beam can be fixedly connected to the connecting piece installed on the column outside the test area in advance, and then through the rotation of the connecting piece Moving to the test area, there is no need to manually carry it to the test area, saving time and effort, overcoming the difficulty of test operation caused by the large size of the test model, making the test operation simpler and more reasonable, and improving the test efficiency.

2. The bidirectional pressure test device for rock-like materials of the present invention adopts a steel pressing plate with a thickness of 8-10 cm to be placed on the top surface of the test model, which avoids the stress concentration and deformation of the top surface caused by the use of ordinary thin steel pressing plates, and adopts A whole piece of steel platen is safe and easy to carry.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide further understanding of the present application, and the schematic embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application and not to limit the present application.

Fig. 1 is the front view of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the front view of the confining pressure loading device of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a top view of the confining pressure loading device of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the front view of the steel pressing plate of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the front view of the connector of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a top view of the connector of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the front view of the fixing sleeve of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a sectional view of a fixing sleeve according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a top view of the fixing block of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is a sectional view of a fixed block according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Among them, 1. base, 2. column, 3. top seat, 4. vertical loading member, 5. working platform, 6. first confining pressure loading beam, 6-1. first loading part, 6-2. Second loading part, 7. Second confining pressure loading beam, 8. Confining pressure loading part, 9. Bottom plate, 10. Side plate, 11. Steel pressure plate, 12. Tie rod, 13. Compression nut, 14. Test model, 15 .Connecting block, 16. Connecting lug plate, 17. Hanging bolt, 18. Rotating shaft, 19. Fixed sleeve, 19-1. First clamping part, 19-2. Second clamping part, 20. Fixed block, 20-1. arc surface, 20-2. through hole, 20-3. trapezoidal groove.

Detailed ways

It should be pointed out that the following detailed description is exemplary and intended to provide further explanation to the present application. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

It should be noted that the terminology used here is only for describing specific implementations, and is not intended to limit the exemplary implementations according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, the singular is intended to include the plural, and it should also be understood that when the terms "comprising" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they mean There are features, steps, operations, means, components and/or combinations thereof.

For the convenience of description, if the words "up", "down", "left" and "right" appear in the present invention, it only means that they are consistent with the directions of up, down, left and right in the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure. It is for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but does not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

As introduced in the background technology, when the current bidirectional pressure testing machine for rock-like materials adopts a larger test model, it needs to reciprocate the confining pressure loading device, which is time-consuming and laborious, and reduces the test efficiency. In view of the above problems, this application proposes The utility model relates to a bidirectional pressure test device for rock-like materials.

In a typical implementation of the present application, as shown in Figures 1-10, a rock-like material bidirectional pressure testing device includes a pressure testing machine, and the pressure testing machine can be an existing pressure testing machine, including Base 1, the four corners of the base are respectively fixedly connected with the bottom ends of the four columns 2, the tops of the four columns are fixedly connected with the top base 3, the base is provided with a vertical loading member 4, the vertical The loading part adopts a loading hydraulic cylinder, and the piston rod of the loading hydraulic cylinder is connected with the working platform 5. The working platform is used to place the test model, which can drive the working platform to do lifting movement, transmit force through the pressure bearing column and work together with the top seat To apply a vertical load to the test model, the above-mentioned structure can adopt the structure of the existing pressure testing machine, and its more specific structure and connection method will not be described in detail here.

The pressure test device of this embodiment also includes a confining pressure loading device and a connecting device.

The confining pressure loading device includes a first confining pressure loading beam 6 and a second confining pressure loading beam 7, and both the first confining pressure loading beam and the second confining pressure loading beam are T-shaped beams, including a first loading part 6 -1 and the second loading part 6-2 vertically and integrally arranged in the middle of the first loading part, the first loading part of the first confining pressure loading beam is equipped with a plurality of confining pressure loading parts 8, in this embodiment , the confining pressure loading part adopts a jack to apply a horizontal confining pressure load to the test model, and the first confining pressure loading beam and the second confining pressure loading beam are both made of high-strength steel, preferably Q345 steel production.

Also includes a bottom plate 9, the center of the bottom plate is provided with a mounting hole, the bottom plate can be fixedly connected with the working platform through the mounting hole, the bottom plate is made of high-strength steel plate, and is used to place the test model. Preferably, the bottom plate is made of Made of Q345 steel plate.

Also comprise side plate 10, described side plate is made of three steel plates with the same size, is used to be arranged between the side of jack and test model, and jack can apply horizontal load to test model through side plate, guarantees by setting side plate The force on the side of the test model is uniform. The side plates are made of high-strength steel plates, preferably Q345 steel plates.

It also includes a steel pressing plate 11, which is used to be placed on the top surface of the test model, and is made of high-strength steel plate, preferably Q345 steel plate. In this embodiment, the thickness of the steel pressing plate is 8cm-10cm, preferably 8cm. The steel pressing plate has a top surface and a bottom surface arranged in parallel with the same axis, the area of the top surface is smaller than the area of the bottom surface, and the area of the bottom surface is The area matches the top surface area of the test model. A steel pressure plate with a thickness of 8-10cm is placed on the top surface of the test model, and the vertical load is applied to the test model through the clamping force of the steel pressure plate and the vertical loading member, which avoids the stress concentration on the top surface caused by the use of ordinary thin steel pressure plates. Deformation occurs, and a whole piece of steel pressure plate is used, which is safe and easy to carry.

Through the arrangement of the bottom plate and the steel pressure plate, the vertical loading member can apply a uniform vertical load to the test model.

It also includes four tie rods 12, the tie rods are used to connect the first confining pressure loading beam and the second confining pressure loading beam as a whole, the two ends of the tie rods are provided with threaded rod sections, and the threaded rod sections at the two ends of the tie rods can be respectively Pass through the openings at the four corners of the first confining pressure loading beam and the second confining pressure loading beam, and tighten the compression nuts 13, when the first confining pressure loading beam and the second confining pressure loading beam are set On both sides of the test model 14, and the jack is in contact with the end face of one side of the test model through the side plate, and when the second confining pressure loading beam is in contact with the end face of the other side of the test model, tighten the compression nut so that the compression nut is in contact with the first confining pressure beam. The pressure-loaded beam is in contact with the outer surface of the first loading part of the second confining-pressure loaded beam, and can compress and fix the first confining-pressure loaded beam, the second confining-pressure loaded beam, and the test model.

The connecting device is arranged on two of them on the uprights, and includes a connecting piece and a fixing piece. The connecting piece includes a connecting body, and the connecting body adopts a connecting block 15 whose thickness at one end is greater than that at the other end. One end with a smaller thickness of the block is provided with a connecting ear plate 16, and the connecting lug plate is threadedly connected with a hook. And the first loading part of the second confining pressure loading beam is provided with a hooking hole, and the connecting piece can be detachably hooked and fixed with the first confining pressure loading beam and the second confining pressure loading beam through the hooking bolt and the hooking hole.

In this embodiment, the first confining pressure loading beam and the second confining pressure loading beam are equipped with two connecting pieces, and the two connecting pieces are respectively connected to the top and bottom of the first confining pressure loading beam and the second confining pressure loading beam. to ensure the stability of the connection.

A rotating shaft 18 is arranged on the upper and lower end faces of the thicker end of the connecting block, and the connecting block is rotationally connected with the fixing member through the rotating shaft, and the fixing member is fixed on the column.

The fixing member includes a fixing sleeve 19 and a fixing block 20, the fixing sleeve includes a semicircular first clamping portion 19-1 and a second clamping portion 19-2, the first clamping portion and the second clamping portion The shape of the part matches the shape of the column, and can be clamped and fixed with the column. The two ends of the first clamping part are provided with a fixed plane, and the fixed plane is provided with a first screw thread extending to the end of the first clamping part. hole, the end surface of the second clamping part is provided with a second threaded hole, the first threaded hole and the second threaded hole can be screwed to connect the fixing bolt, and the first clamping part and the second clamping part are fixed by the fixing bolt, and then the The whole fixing sleeve is fixed with the column.

The end surface of one side of the fixed block 20 is an arc surface 20-1 matched with the fixed sleeve, which is fixed by welding the arc surface and the fixed sleeve. The fixed block is provided with a through hole 20-2 matched with the rotating shaft, and the two through holes The end is provided with a trapezoidal groove 20-3, and the rotating shaft can be inserted into the through hole to realize the relative rotation between the connecting piece and the fixing piece.

In this embodiment, the two rotating shafts of the connector are respectively matched with a fixed block for rotation, that is, each connector is provided with two fixed blocks, the fixed block is connected with the fixed sleeve, and the fixed sleeve is clamped and fixed with the column.

In this embodiment, one of the columns is also connected with a pressure-bearing column connector 21, the structure of the pressure-bearing column connector is the same as that of the connector, the only difference is that one end of the connecting block is provided with a pressure-bearing column outer peripheral surface Fixed fixing sleeve, the fixing sleeve is fixedly connected with the pressure-bearing column 22. When in use, the bottom surface of the pressure-bearing column contacts the top surface of the steel pressure plate, and the top surface contacts the top seat, and the vertical loading part and the pressure-bearing column are clamped The action applies a vertical load to the test model.

Example 2:

This embodiment discloses the working method of the rock-like material bidirectional pressure test device described in Embodiment 1, including the following steps:

Step 1: Fix the base plate to the working platform, place the test model made of rock-like material on the base plate, align the center position of the test model with the center position of the base plate, and place the first confining pressure loading beam and the second confining pressure loading beam They are respectively connected with the connection devices installed on the two columns, specifically, mounting bolts are installed in the connecting ear plates, and the first confining pressure loaded beam and the second confining pressure loaded beam are connected by using the connecting bolts.

The rock-like material can be the existing test material, such as rock, concrete and so on.

Step 2: After step 1 is completed, push the first confining pressure loading beam and the second confining pressure loading beam, so that the connecting block rotates around the fixed block through the rotating shaft, and the first confining pressure loading beam and the second confining pressure loading beam rotate into the experimental area , use the vertical loading piece to adjust the height of the bottom plate, so that the first confining pressure loading beam and the second confining pressure loading beam fall on the bottom plate, then remove the hook bolts, and turn the connecting block to the non-experimental area.

Step 3: Manually fine-tune the positions of the first confining pressure loading beam and the second confining pressure loading beam, so that the second confining pressure loading beam fits the end face of the test model on one side, and the confining pressure loading part and the end face of the other side of the test model have a distance of 3cm insert the side plate into the gap, and then adjust the position of the first confining pressure loading beam so that the confining pressure loading part bears against the test model, place a steel pressure plate on the top surface of the test model, and adjust the pressure-bearing column so that the pressure-bearing column is at Above the steel pressure plate, then pass the tie rod in the first confining pressure loading beam and the second confining pressure loading beam, and tighten the compression nut.

Step 4: The vertical loading part and the confining pressure loading part are working, and the horizontal confining pressure load and vertical load are applied to the test model, and the bidirectional pressure test of rock-like materials is carried out.

Step 5: After the test is completed, adjust the vertical position of the first confining pressure loading beam and the second confining pressure loading beam, remove the compression nut and tie rod, turn the connecting block, and connect the connecting ear plate to the first The confining pressure loading beam and the second confining pressure loading beam are hooked and connected, and the connecting block is rotated to rotate the first confining pressure loading beam and the second confining pressure loading beam to the outside of the experimental area for use in the next experiment.

In the test device of this embodiment, the first confining pressure loading beam and the second confining pressure loading beam are moved to the test area through the rotation of the connecting piece, without manual transportation to the test area, which saves time and effort, and overcomes the large size of the test model. The resulting difficulty in the test operation makes the test operation simpler and more reasonable, and improves the test efficiency.

Although the specific implementation of the present invention has been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it does not limit the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention, those skilled in the art do not need to pay creative work Various modifications or variations that can be made are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A kind of bidirectional pressure test device for rock materials, comprising a base, a column, a working platform, a pressure column and a vertical loading member, characterized in that it also includes a first confining pressure loading beam and a second loading beam that can be fixedly connected by a tie rod Confining pressure loading beam, the first confining pressure loading beam is provided with a plurality of confining pressure loading parts, both the first confining pressure loading beam and the second confining pressure loading beam can be detachably connected to one end of the connector, and the other end of the connector is connected to The fixed part is connected by rotation, and the fixed part is fixedly connected with the column; Also comprise steel pressure plate, be used to be placed on the top surface of test model, the thickness of described steel pressure plate is 8cm-10cm, the area of described steel pressure plate top surface is less than the area of bottom surface, and the area of bottom surface matches with the top surface area of test model, with To make the top surface of the test model evenly stressed; Both the first confining pressure loading beam and the second confining pressure loading beam are T-shaped beams, including a first loading part and a second loading part vertically arranged in the middle of the first loading part, and the first loading part can be connected with the connecting piece. The connection is disassembled, and the confining pressure loading member is fixed on the first loading part of the first confining pressure loading beam; The connecting piece includes a connecting body, one end of the connecting body is provided with a connecting ear plate, and a hook is screwed on the connecting ear plate, and the hanging piece can be hooked with the first confining pressure loading beam and the second confining pressure loading beam connection, the other end of the connecting body is provided with a rotating shaft, and the connecting body is rotatably connected to the fixed part through the rotating shaft; It also includes a side plate for placing between the confining pressure loading part and the side of the test model, and the confining pressure loading part can apply a horizontal confining pressure load to the test model through the side plate. 2 . The rock-like material bidirectional pressure test device according to claim 1 , further comprising a bottom plate, which can be fixedly connected to the working platform. 3 . 3. A kind of rock material bidirectional pressure test device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, said fixing member comprises a fixing sleeve and a fixing block, said fixing sleeve is fixedly connected with a column, and the fixing block is fixed on the fixing sleeve , the fixed block is provided with a through hole for the shaft to pass through. 4. A kind of rock material bidirectional pressure test device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, the fixed sleeve comprises a semicircular first clamping part and a second clamping part, the first clamping part and the second clamping part The second clamping part can be detachably fixed to realize the clamping and fixing of the column. 5. A kind of rock material bidirectional pressure test device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, the two ends of the tie rod are provided with threaded rod sections, and the two ends of the tie rod can pass through the first confining pressure loading beam and the second Load the beam with secondary pressure, and tighten the compression nut. 6. A working method of the rock-like material bidirectional pressure test device described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, the first confining pressure loading beam and the second confining pressure loading beam are connected to the connector in advance , put the test model on the working platform, and the connecting parts move, so that the first confining pressure loading beam and the second Remove the confining pressure loading beam, turn the connecting piece to the outside of the test area, fix the first confining pressure loading beam and the second confining pressure loading beam with tie rods, so that the confining pressure loading part can apply horizontal confining pressure load to the test model , the vertical loading piece and the confining pressure loading piece apply load to the test model to carry out the confining pressure simulation test. After the test is completed, the connecting piece is connected again with the first confining pressure loading beam and the second The beam and the second confining pressure load the beam to the outside of the loaded area for the next use.

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