CN112250471A - 一种工业磷石膏和废盐废渣瓷化方法 - Google Patents

一种工业磷石膏和废盐废渣瓷化方法 Download PDF

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CN112250471A
CN112250471A CN202010971931.1A CN202010971931A CN112250471A CN 112250471 A CN112250471 A CN 112250471A CN 202010971931 A CN202010971931 A CN 202010971931A CN 112250471 A CN112250471 A CN 112250471A
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waste
parts
salt
phosphogypsum
residue
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周春松
余云丰
胡成坤
王荔
孙坚
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Fuquan Environmental Protection Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种工业磷石膏和废盐废渣瓷化方法，包括：(1)将磷石膏和废盐废渣进行干燥、粉碎，获得混合废料粉末；(2)将制得的混合废料粉末与石英砂、玻璃纤维、海泡石、高岭土研磨混合，之后加入二甲基二乙氧基硅烷、聚乙烯醇和水持续搅拌混合4‑6h，制得陶瓷原料；(3)将所述陶瓷原料压制成型，堆放熟化36‑72h，制得陶瓷坯；(4)将所述陶瓷坯烘干、烧结，获得陶瓷材料。该瓷化可以充分利用工业磷石膏以及废盐废渣，将工业废料回收再利用，提高了资源的利用率。

Description

一种工业磷石膏和废盐废渣瓷化方法
技术领域
本发明涉及磷石膏领域，特别是涉及一种工业磷石膏和废盐废渣瓷化方法。
背景技术
近年来，由于多方便的制约以湿法磷酸技术为基础的磷酸及无机磷酸盐生产技术逐渐代替传统的热法磷酸及磷酸盐生产技术。但在湿法磷酸工业生产的过程当中，产生了各种含磷的工业副产物，比如湿法磷酸生产过程中产生的含磷酸渣，磷酸储罐中的沉渣；湿法磷酸生产工业级磷铵生产过程中产生的磷铵渣；饲料级磷酸氢钙生产过程中产生的肥料级磷酸氢钙等,以及湿法磷酸生产过程中的产生的磷石膏。
磷石膏外观为黄白色、浅灰、白色或黑灰色细粉状固体，主要成分为含量在85％以上的CaSO4·2H2O；含量为0.1～0.8％的P2O5；含量为0.01～0.1％的K2O和Na2O；其放射性指标的内照指数和外照指数均小于1.0。磷石膏的晶体结构有针状晶体、单分散板状结晶、密实晶体、多晶体核晶体，并且这些晶体结构中的磷石膏的尺寸大多数维持在0.03mm左右；磷石膏中可溶性杂质含量较高，具体有游离磷酸和硫酸、磷酸钙、氟硅酸盐、钠、钾盐等。
目前，磷石膏的回收利用大量的集中于建筑材料领域，比如，将磷石膏作为原料，添加其他物质后来制作涂料；再如将磷石膏与其他原料进行混合配制后，压制成保温砌块、砖块或者其他产品；再比如将磷石膏应用于水泥制作领域。本申请发明人在长期研究中发现，磷石膏的堆存量远远大过于这些用途，并且这些应用也仅仅是少量的进行添加，难以作为主要原料来利用，从而利用率不高。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种工业磷石膏和废盐废渣瓷化方法，该瓷化可以充分利用工业磷石膏以及废盐废渣，将工业废料回收再利用，提高了资料的利用率。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：提供一种工业磷石膏和废盐废渣瓷化方法，包括：
(1)将磷石膏和废盐废渣进行干燥、粉碎，获得混合废料粉末；
(2)将制得的混合废料粉末与石英砂、玻璃纤维、海泡石、高岭土研磨混合，之后加入二甲基二乙氧基硅烷、聚乙烯醇和水持续搅拌混合4-6h，制得陶瓷原料；
(3)将所述陶瓷原料压制成型，堆放熟化36-72h，制得陶瓷坯；
(4)将所述陶瓷坯烘干、烧结，获得陶瓷材料。
作为上述技术方案的优选，所述废盐废渣包括磷酸酸渣、磷铵渣、磷钾渣、磷镁肥、磷酸钙盐中的一种或多种混合物。
作为上述技术方案的优选，所述混合废料粉末中磷石膏和废盐废渣的质量比为5-8：1。
作为上述技术方案的优选，步骤(2)中各原料的使用量为，按照质量份数计：
混合废料粉末100份，石英砂12-20份、玻璃纤维10-15份、海泡石20-30份、高岭土20-30份、二甲基二乙氧基硅烷5-9份、聚乙烯醇10-18份。
作为上述技术方案的优选，步骤(2)中各原料的使用量为，按照质量份数计：
混合废料粉末100份，石英砂17份、玻璃纤维13份、海泡石25份、高岭土25份、二甲基二乙氧基硅烷7份、聚乙烯醇15份。
作为上述技术方案的优选，所述堆放熟化的温度为30-40℃。
作为上述技术方案的优选，所述陶瓷坯烘干的温度为110℃-150℃，烘干时间为12-24h。
作为上述技术方案的优选，所述烧结的温度为600-750℃，烧结时间为24-48h。
作为上述技术方案的优选，，所述烧结过程中，温度升高速度为20℃/min。
本发明具有以下有益效果，
区别于现有技术的情况，本申请提供了一种工业磷石膏和废盐废渣瓷化方法，包括：将制得的混合废料粉末与石英砂、玻璃纤维、海泡石、高岭土研磨混合，之后加入二甲基二乙氧基硅烷、聚乙烯醇和水持续搅拌混合4-6h，制得陶瓷原料，之后压制成型，烧结，获得陶瓷材料。本申请中可以充分利用工业废料，磷石膏和废盐废渣，提高了资源的利用率。所制得的陶瓷材料，可以应用于室外装饰等场景。
并且，本申请方案中海泡石和高岭土内部具有良好的孔洞结构，可以使得所烧制的陶瓷材料具有良好的透水透气性能。在室外装饰中，可以很好的排水透气。
具体实施方式
为了更好的理解本发明，下面通过实施例对本发明进一步说明，实施例只用于解释本发明，不会对本发明构成任何的限定。
实施例1
一种工业磷石膏和废盐废渣瓷化方法，包括：
(1)将质量比为5：1的磷石膏和废盐废渣进行干燥、粉碎，获得混合废料粉末；
(2)将制得的混合废料粉末100份与石英砂12份、玻璃纤维10份、海泡石20份、高岭土20份研磨混合，之后加入二甲基二乙氧基硅烷5份、聚乙烯醇10份和水持续搅拌混合4h，制得陶瓷原料；
(3)将所述陶瓷原料压制成型，温度为30℃的条件下堆放熟化36h，制得陶瓷坯；
(4)将所述陶瓷坯在温度为110℃条件下烘干、烘干时间为12h，温度为600℃条件下烧结，烧结时间为24h，获得陶瓷材料。其中，烧结过程中，温度升高速度为20℃/min。
废盐废渣包括磷酸酸渣、磷铵渣、磷钾渣、磷镁肥、磷酸钙盐中的一种或多种混合物。
制备得到的陶瓷材料可以用于室外装饰。
实施例2
一种工业磷石膏和废盐废渣瓷化方法，包括：
(1)将质量比为8：1的磷石膏和废盐废渣进行干燥、粉碎，获得混合废料粉末；
(2)将制得的混合废料粉末100份与石英砂20份、玻璃纤维15份、海泡石30份、高岭土30份研磨混合，之后加入二甲基二乙氧基硅烷9份、聚乙烯醇18份和水持续搅拌混合6h，制得陶瓷原料；
(3)将所述陶瓷原料压制成型，温度为40℃的条件下堆放熟化72h，制得陶瓷坯；
(4)将所述陶瓷坯在温度为150℃条件下烘干、烘干时间为24h，温度为750℃条件下烧结，烧结时间为48h，获得陶瓷材料。其中，烧结过程中，温度升高速度为20℃/min。
废盐废渣包括磷酸酸渣、磷铵渣、磷钾渣、磷镁肥、磷酸钙盐中的一种或多种混合物。
制备得到的陶瓷材料可以用于室外装饰。
实施例3
一种工业磷石膏和废盐废渣瓷化方法，包括：
(1)将质量比为5：1的磷石膏和废盐废渣进行干燥、粉碎，获得混合废料粉末；
(2)将制得的混合废料粉末100份与石英砂20份、玻璃纤维10份、海泡石30份、高岭土20份研磨混合，之后加入二甲基二乙氧基硅烷9份、聚乙烯醇10份和水持续搅拌混合6h，制得陶瓷原料；
(3)将所述陶瓷原料压制成型，温度为30℃的条件下堆放熟化72h，制得陶瓷坯；
(4)将所述陶瓷坯在温度为110℃条件下烘干、烘干时间为24h，温度为600℃条件下烧结，烧结时间为48h，获得陶瓷材料。其中，烧结过程中，温度升高速度为20℃/min。
废盐废渣包括磷酸酸渣、磷铵渣、磷钾渣、磷镁肥、磷酸钙盐中的一种或多种混合物。
制备得到的陶瓷材料可以用于室外装饰。
实施例4
一种工业磷石膏和废盐废渣瓷化方法，包括：
(1)将质量比为8：1的磷石膏和废盐废渣进行干燥、粉碎，获得混合废料粉末；
(2)将制得的混合废料粉末100份与石英砂12份、玻璃纤维15份、海泡石20份、高岭土30份研磨混合，之后加入二甲基二乙氧基硅烷5份、聚乙烯醇18份和水持续搅拌混合4h，制得陶瓷原料；
(3)将所述陶瓷原料压制成型，温度为40℃的条件下堆放熟化36h，制得陶瓷坯；
(4)将所述陶瓷坯在温度为150℃条件下烘干、烘干时间为12h，温度为750℃条件下烧结，烧结时间为24h，获得陶瓷材料。其中，烧结过程中，温度升高速度为20℃/min。
废盐废渣包括磷酸酸渣、磷铵渣、磷钾渣、磷镁肥、磷酸钙盐中的一种或多种混合物。
制备得到的陶瓷材料可以用于室外装饰。
实施例5
一种工业磷石膏和废盐废渣瓷化方法，包括：
(1)将质量比为5-8：1的磷石膏和废盐废渣进行干燥、粉碎，获得混合废料粉末；
(2)将制得的混合废料粉末100份与石英砂17份、玻璃纤维13份、海泡石25份、高岭土25份研磨混合，之后加入二甲基二乙氧基硅烷7份、聚乙烯醇15份和水持续搅拌混合5h，制得陶瓷原料；
(3)将所述陶瓷原料压制成型，温度为35℃的条件下堆放熟化36-72h，制得陶瓷坯；
(4)将所述陶瓷坯在温度为120℃条件下烘干、烘干时间为18h，温度为630℃条件下烧结，烧结时间为36h，获得陶瓷材料。其中，烧结过程中，温度升高速度为20℃/min。
废盐废渣包括磷酸酸渣、磷铵渣、磷钾渣、磷镁肥、磷酸钙盐中的一种或多种混合物。
制备得到的陶瓷材料可以用于室外装饰。

Claims (9)

1.一种工业磷石膏和废盐废渣瓷化方法，其特征在于，包括：
(1)将磷石膏和废盐废渣进行干燥、粉碎，获得混合废料粉末；
(2)将制得的混合废料粉末与石英砂、玻璃纤维、海泡石、高岭土研磨混合，之后加入二甲基二乙氧基硅烷、聚乙烯醇和水持续搅拌混合4-6h，制得陶瓷原料；
(3)将所述陶瓷原料压制成型，堆放熟化36-72h，制得陶瓷坯；
(4)将所述陶瓷坯烘干、烧结，获得陶瓷材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的工业磷石膏和废盐废渣瓷化方法，其特征在于，所述废盐废渣包括磷酸酸渣、磷铵渣、磷钾渣、磷镁肥、磷酸钙盐中的一种或多种混合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的工业磷石膏和废盐废渣瓷化方法，其特征在于，所述混合废料粉末中磷石膏和废盐废渣的质量比为5-8：1。
4.根据权利要求1所述的工业磷石膏和废盐废渣瓷化方法，其特征在于，步骤(2)中各原料的使用量为，按照质量份数计：
混合废料粉末100份，石英砂12-20份、玻璃纤维10-15份、海泡石20-30份、高岭土20-30份、二甲基二乙氧基硅烷5-9份、聚乙烯醇10-18份。
5.根据权利要求4所述的工业磷石膏和废盐废渣瓷化方法，其特征在于，步骤(2)中各原料的使用量为，按照质量份数计：
混合废料粉末100份，石英砂17份、玻璃纤维13份、海泡石25份、高岭土25份、二甲基二乙氧基硅烷7份、聚乙烯醇15份。
6.根据权利要求1所述的工业磷石膏和废盐废渣瓷化方法，其特征在于，所述堆放熟化的温度为30-40℃。
7.根据权利要求1所述的工业磷石膏和废盐废渣瓷化方法，其特征在于，所述陶瓷坯烘干的温度为110℃-150℃，烘干时间为12-24h。
8.根据权利要求1所述的工业磷石膏和废盐废渣瓷化方法，其特征在于，所述烧结的温度为600-750℃，烧结时间为24-48h。
9.根据权利要求8所述的工业磷石膏和废盐废渣瓷化方法，其特征在于，所述烧结过程中，温度升高速度为20℃/min。
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Application publication date: 20210122

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