Background
In the field of metal processing, particularly when processing round pipes or bars, it is often necessary to grip the pipe or bar with a universal or special chuck. The existing chuck clamps a workpiece by utilizing the radial movement of movable clamping jaws uniformly distributed on a chuck body, and generally comprises the chuck body, the movable clamping jaws, a clamping jaw driving mechanism and the like. The chuck with the existing structure is completely composed of metal processing components, the whole mass is relatively large, the inertia is large when the chuck rotates in processing, the processing speed is relatively slow, and the energy consumption of equipment is increased.
In addition, along with the improvement of the automation degree of processing equipment, automatic chucks capable of automatically clamping pipes or bars are increasingly required in the market, a jaw driving mechanism (usually a thread driving structure) in the existing chuck is not suitable for increasing an automatic driving device, when the automatic driving device is directly increased on the existing chuck, the pipes are automatically clamped or loosened slowly, the clamping time is prolonged in the processing process, the use effect of the equipment is poor, and the improvement of the processing efficiency of the equipment is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide a steel wire rope symmetrical linkage chuck, which adopts a symmetrical linkage cylinder, a steel wire rope and a guide pinch roller structure to realize quick automatic concentric clamping, the symmetrically installed guide pinch rollers can synchronously act to keep the center of a clamped pipe or bar not to deviate, the chuck is firm and stable after automatic clamping, the chuck has high rotation precision and small integral inertia, and is particularly suitable for high-speed rotation processing and can better ensure the processing precision of the pipe or bar.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a steel wire rope symmetrical linkage chuck comprises a turntable body and a positioning sleeve for supporting and fixing the turntable body, wherein a steel wire rope assembly is arranged on the turntable body on one side of the positioning sleeve, more than two groups of automatic jaw parts are arranged on the other side of the turntable body, a guide pressing wheel and a driving cylinder are arranged in each group of automatic jaw parts, and the driving cylinder drives the guide pressing wheel to reciprocate to clamp or loosen a workpiece; the automatic clamping jaw device is characterized in that a tensioned steel wire rope is arranged in the steel wire rope assembly, a linkage part is fixed on the steel wire rope, the guide pressing wheels in each group of automatic clamping jaw parts are respectively connected with one linkage part, and the steel wire rope assembly is used for controlling the automatic clamping jaw parts to realize symmetrical synchronous linkage clamping or loosening.
Furthermore, a steel wire rope guide wheel and a rope tightener for winding the steel wire ropes are arranged in the steel wire rope assembly, the two steel wire ropes are wound on the steel wire rope guide wheel in a staggered manner, the heads and the tails of the steel wire ropes are connected through the rope tightener, and at least two linkage pieces are symmetrically fixed on each steel wire rope respectively; when the driving cylinder drives the guide pinch roller to move, the linkage piece drives the steel wire rope to stretch, the linkage piece fixed on the same steel wire rope moves along with the steel wire rope under the pulling action of the steel wire rope, and the guide pinch rollers installed in the same group are driven to move in a linkage manner.
Furthermore, the automatic claw parts comprise four parts which are symmetrically arranged in two groups; the steel cable guide wheels comprise eight steel cable guide wheels which are divided into four groups and correspond to the mounting positions of the automatic clamping jaw parts, one of the steel cable guide wheels in each group is fixed on the turntable body close to the outer diameter, the other of the steel cable guide wheels in each group is fixed on the turntable body close to the positioning sleeve, the steel cable wound between the steel cable guide wheels in each group is fixed with the linkage part, and the linkage part can be linked with the guide pressing wheels in the same direction.
Further, be equipped with two positive and negative tooth nuts of extension in the euphroe, positive and negative tooth nut rear end of extension is equipped with slot type steel wire clamp plate, two slot type steel wire clamp plate will respectively the wire rope both ends end compresses tightly, two be equipped with the positive and negative tooth screw rod of the taut wire rope of adjustment between the positive and negative tooth nut of extension, be equipped with locking nut between positive and negative tooth screw rod and the positive and negative tooth nut of extension.
Further, the steel wire rope in the steel wire rope assembly is replaced by a synchronous belt.
Furthermore, a sliding guide rail is arranged in the automatic clamping jaw part, the guide pressing wheel is installed on the sliding guide rail through a sliding connection plate, one end of the linkage part is fixedly connected with the sliding connection plate, and a through groove convenient for the linkage part to penetrate through is formed in the turntable body.
Furthermore, the guide pinch roller comprises a main pinch roller and an auxiliary pinch roller, and two ends of the main pinch roller and two ends of the auxiliary pinch roller are respectively fixed on the sliding connection plate through mounting supports.
Furthermore, the upper and lower mounting positions of the main pinch roller and the auxiliary pinch roller can be mounted in a replaceable and staggered manner.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the quick automatic concentric clamping is realized by arranging the symmetrically linked air cylinder, the steel wire rope and the guide pinch roller structure, the symmetrically installed guide pinch rollers can synchronously act under the tensioning and pulling of the air cylinder and the steel wire rope, the center of a clamped pipe or bar is kept not to deviate, the chuck is firm and stable after automatic clamping, the rotation precision of the chuck is high, the integral inertia is small, the chuck is particularly suitable for high-speed rotation processing, and the processing precision of the pipe or bar can be better ensured.
2. According to the invention, by utilizing the elastic stretching characteristics of the annularly tensioned steel wire rope and the like, the guide pinch rollers are connected through the linkage parts on the steel wire rope and are synchronously clamped and driven by the air cylinders, the guide pinch rollers in the automatic jaw part are divided into two groups which are symmetrically arranged and are arranged in a cross shape, the automatic centering symmetrical linkage of the guide pinch rollers can be well realized, and the pipe or bar can be well automatically centered and clamped in the machining process; after the clamping is released, the pipe or the bar placed between the guide pinch rollers can axially and freely slide, so that the auxiliary clamping time can be greatly reduced, and the processing efficiency of equipment is improved.
3. The invention has the advantages that the installation and debugging are rapid, the adjustment of the steel wire rope assembly, the automatic jaw part and the like is rapid and convenient, and the center adjustment can be completed within a few minutes when products with different specifications are replaced and processed; the installation structure of the steel cable guide wheel in the steel cable assembly is ingenious in installation connection with the linkage piece, the guide pinch roller, the sliding guide rail and the driving air cylinder are arranged in the automatic clamping jaw component, the guide pinch roller is correspondingly connected through the sliding connection plate and the linkage piece to achieve symmetrical synchronous linkage, the problem that the guide pinch roller does not move synchronously due to the fact that different driving air cylinders are different in movement speed can be well solved, and automatic centering clamping is stable and reliable.
4. The overall weight of the chuck is lighter than that of the existing chuck with a pure mechanical structure, taking a 120mm caliber chuck as an example, the weight of the existing mechanical chuck is about 120KG, and the weight of the chuck is about 90 KG; the acceleration of the chuck of the invention can reach more than 1.2G when the chuck rotates, and is more than 1.5 times higher than that of the existing mechanical chuck.
5. The chuck is suitable for being used during rotating processing, can be used for clamping a pipe or a bar when not rotating, and has a wide application range.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and specific examples:
referring to fig. 1-4, a steel wire rope symmetric linkage chuck comprises a turntable body 1 and a positioning sleeve 2 for supporting and fixing the turntable body 1, wherein a steel wire rope assembly 3 is arranged on the turntable body 1 on one side of the positioning sleeve 2, more than two groups of automatic jaw parts 4 are arranged on the other side of the turntable body 1, a guide pinch roller 41 and a driving cylinder 42 are arranged in each group of automatic jaw parts 4, and the driving cylinder 42 drives the guide pinch roller 41 to move in a reciprocating manner to clamp or loosen a workpiece; the steel wire rope component 3 is internally provided with a tensioned steel wire rope 31, the steel wire rope 31 is fixedly provided with a linkage piece 32, the guide pinch rollers 41 in each group of automatic jaw parts 4 are respectively connected with one linkage piece 32, and the steel wire rope component 3 is used for controlling the automatic jaw parts 4 to realize symmetrical synchronous linkage clamping or loosening.
A steel rope guide wheel 33 and a rope tightener 34 for winding the steel rope 31 are arranged in the steel rope component 3, the two steel ropes 31 are wound on the steel rope guide wheel 33 in a staggered manner, the head and the tail of each steel rope 31 are connected through the rope tightener 34, the tightness of each steel rope 31 is adjusted by the rope tightener 34, and at least two linkage members 32 are symmetrically fixed on each steel rope 31; when the driving cylinder 42 drives the guide pinch roller 41 to move, the linkage member 32 drives the steel wire rope 31 to stretch, and the linkage member 32 fixed on the same steel wire rope 31 moves along with the steel wire rope 31 under the pulling action, so as to drive the guide pinch roller 41 installed in the same group to move in a linkage manner. The steel wire rope 31 can be a steel wire rope with a hemp core or a common steel wire rope; when the steel wire rope is used, the frequency of adding lubricating oil can be reduced. Wire rope 31 can be replaced with hold-in range or other similar tensioning rope or tensioning belt, can reach wire rope equivalent effect can.
The automatic clamping jaw components 4 comprise four parts and are symmetrically arranged in two groups; the steel cable guide wheels 33 comprise eight steel cable guide wheels 33 which are divided into four groups, the eight steel cable guide wheels 33 correspond to the installation positions of the automatic clamping jaw parts 4, one of the steel cable guide wheels 33 in each group is fixed on the turntable body 1 close to the outer diameter, the other steel cable guide wheel in each group is fixed on the turntable body 1 close to the positioning sleeve 2, the linkage piece 32 is fixed on the steel cable 31 wound between the steel cable guide wheels 33 in each group, and the linkage piece 32 can be linked with the guide pressing wheel 41 in the same direction. With larger chuck diameters, the automatic jaw members 4 may be six, eight or more, with more corresponding wire rope pulleys 33 being provided.
Two lengthened positive and negative tooth nuts 341 are arranged in the rope tightener 34, a groove-type steel wire pressing plate 342 is arranged at the rear end of each lengthened positive and negative tooth nut 341, the two groove-type steel wire pressing plates 342 respectively press the two ends of the steel wire rope 31, a positive and negative tooth screw 343 for adjusting and tightening the steel wire rope is arranged between the two lengthened positive and negative tooth nuts 341, and a locking and tightening nut is arranged between the positive and negative tooth screw 343 and the lengthened positive and negative tooth nuts 341.
A sliding guide rail 43 is arranged in the automatic jaw part 4, the guide pinch roller 41 is installed on the sliding guide rail 43 through a sliding connection plate 44, one end of the linkage part 32 is fixedly connected with the sliding connection plate 44, and a through groove 11 convenient for the linkage part 32 to penetrate through is formed in the turntable body 1. The slide rail 43 is a standard component available in the market. The slide connection plate 44 is of a U-shaped configuration.
The guide pinch roller 41 comprises a main pinch roller 411 and an auxiliary pinch roller 412, and two ends of the main pinch roller 411 and the auxiliary pinch roller 412 are respectively fixed on the sliding connection plate 44 through mounting brackets. The upper and lower mounting positions of the main pinch roller 411 and the auxiliary pinch roller 412 can be installed in a replaceable and staggered manner, and the main pinch roller 411 and the auxiliary pinch roller 412 in the symmetrically arranged guide pinch rollers 41 can be installed in a staggered manner up and down as required, so that pipes or bars can be fixed conveniently.
When the invention is used, two steel wire ropes 31 are respectively wound on the steel wire rope guide wheel 33, and the steel wire ropes 31 are tensioned by the rope tightener 34; the driving air cylinder 42 is fastened on the turntable body 1, the output shaft of the driving air cylinder 42 is connected with the sliding connection plate 44, the mounting position of the guide pressing wheel 41 on the sliding connection plate 44 is adjusted to ensure centering stability, and the sliding precision, the strength and the pressure of the pressing wheel are ensured; the sliding connection plate 44 is fixedly connected with the steel wire rope 31 through a linkage 32, and the symmetrical concentricity of the four groups of guide pressing wheels 41 is adjusted; the concentricity is detected by the detection tool, and the operation precision is ensured.
The driving cylinder 42 is connected with an external control air source, and when the driving cylinder 42 is driven by the control air source to act, the guiding pressing wheels 41 are pushed and the steel wire ropes 31 are pulled simultaneously, so that the guiding pressing wheels 41 symmetrically installed in the same group can keep synchronous action, and the center of the clamped pipe is kept not to deviate.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present specification and the drawings, or applied directly or indirectly to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.