CN112239797A - Large blast furnace top combustion type hot blast furnace vault temperature control technology - Google Patents
Large blast furnace top combustion type hot blast furnace vault temperature control technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN112239797A CN112239797A CN202011129130.7A CN202011129130A CN112239797A CN 112239797 A CN112239797 A CN 112239797A CN 202011129130 A CN202011129130 A CN 202011129130A CN 112239797 A CN112239797 A CN 112239797A
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- air
- blast furnace
- vault
- coal gas
- vault temperature
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B9/00—Stoves for heating the blast in blast furnaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B11/00—Automatic controllers
- G05B11/01—Automatic controllers electric
- G05B11/36—Automatic controllers electric with provision for obtaining particular characteristics, e.g. proportional, integral, differential
- G05B11/42—Automatic controllers electric with provision for obtaining particular characteristics, e.g. proportional, integral, differential for obtaining a characteristic which is both proportional and time-dependent, e.g. P.I., P.I.D.
Abstract
The invention discloses a vault temperature control technology of a large blast furnace top combustion type hot blast furnace, which adopts a method of correspondingly and simultaneously adjusting combustion air and coal gas according to the vault temperature measured in real time to control the vault temperature. The flow control of the combustion air and the coal gas is realized by adjusting corresponding air flow adjusting valves and coal gas flow adjusting valves through PID. The ratio of the air flow rate to the gas flow rate is an air-fuel ratio, the air-fuel ratio is set to a reference value, deviation is performed on the basis of the reference value in the control process, and a limit value of the deviation is set. In order to avoid coupling oscillation caused by simultaneous adjustment of air and coal gas, the proportion is properly adjusted, and the change speed of the set value of the air flow is faster than that of the set value of the coal gas flow. The technology can effectively reduce the vault temperature to below 1400 ℃ and reduce wasteGas generation and control of NOx concentration in exhaust gas at 50mg/Nm3In the following, the influence on the environment is reduced, and ultra-low emission is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a combustion control technology of a blast furnace top combustion type hot blast stove, in particular to a vault temperature control technology of a large blast furnace top combustion type hot blast stove.
Background
In order to reach high air supply temperature of the existing large blast furnace, the hot blast furnace is required to accumulate more heat during combustion, and the blast furnace gas is correspondingly required to be mixed with high-heating value gas (such as converter gas) for combustion. The traditional control of the temperature of the vault of the top-fired hot blast stove is only controlled by traditional PID, the gas flow is kept unchanged at the stage, the air flow is regulated by the PID to stabilize the temperature of the vault at a certain fixed set value, and the specific logic is shown in figure 1. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
initial temperature of the arch of the furnace: t isInitial(ii) a Target temperature of the vault of the furnace: t isTarget(ii) a Vault heat storage coefficient: cVault；
Furnace vault heat accumulation: qVault(ii) a Initial heat brought in by the furnace: qInitial(ii) a Heat loss of the furnace: qLoss of power；
Wherein Q isVault＝QInitial-QLoss of power＝(TTarget-TInitial)·CVault(ii) a (formula 1)
Temperature introduced by the furnace: t isInitial stage of combustion(ii) a Temperature lost by firing: t isLoss of power(ii) a Physical sensible heat brought by the furnace: qArticle (A)；
Physical sensible heat brought by the furnace: qTransforming(ii) a Gas amount in furnace burning: vQi (Qi)(ii) a Specific heat capacity of furnace gas: cQi (Qi)；
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Qinitial＝QArticle (A)+QTransforming(ii) a (formula 3)
Formula 2, formula 3, formula 4 are taken into formula 1 to obtain:
Qvault＝(TInitial stage of combustion-TLoss of power)CQi (Qi)·VQi (Qi)(formula 5)
In the regulation process, in order to stabilize the temperature of the vault, the combustion air is often added excessively, and the method can be obtained by the following formulas 5 and 4: as-fired furnace gas VQi (Qi)When increased, QLoss of powerThe increase, that is, the excessive heat is taken away from the waste gas, which causes excessive heat loss and increases the gas consumption. And the vault temperature is higher, about 1420 ℃, can increase NOx's formation, is unfavorable to the environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an innovative vault temperature control technology of a large-scale blast furnace top combustion type hot blast stove, aiming at solving the problem of coal gas waste caused by the fact that the vault temperature is controlled by only adjusting combustion air in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the technology is characterized in that the vault temperature is controlled by correspondingly and simultaneously adjusting combustion air and coal gas according to the vault temperature measured in real time.
Furthermore, the flow control of the combustion air and the coal gas is realized by adjusting corresponding air flow adjusting valves and coal gas flow adjusting valves through PID.
Further, the ratio of the flow rate of the air to the flow rate of the gas is an air-fuel ratio, the air-fuel ratio is set to a reference value, deviation is performed on the basis of the reference value in the control process, and a limit value of the deviation is set. In order to ensure that the air quantity is not too small so that the oxygen quantity is small to cause incomplete combustion of the coal gas, the air-fuel ratio is deviated on the basis of a reference value. A reference value setting is provided on the HMI screen of the basic automation (L1), and an air-fuel ratio upper limit is additionally set to ensure that the air quantity is not too large.
Furthermore, in order to avoid coupled oscillation caused by simultaneous adjustment of air and coal gas, the proportion is properly adjusted, and the change speed of the air flow set value is faster than that of the coal gas flow set value.
The technical theory calculation method of the invention is as follows:
initial temperature of the arch of the furnace: t isInitial(ii) a Target temperature of the vault of the furnace: t isTarget(ii) a Vault heat storage coefficient: cVault；
Furnace vault heat accumulation: qVault(ii) a Initial heat brought in by the furnace: qInitial(ii) a Heat loss of the furnace: qLoss of power；
Wherein Q isVault＝QInitial-QLoss of power＝(TTarget-TInitial)·CVault(ii) a (formula 6)
Temperature introduced by the furnace: t isInitial stage of combustion(ii) a Temperature lost by firing: t isLoss of power(ii) a Physical sensible heat brought by the furnace: qArticle (A)；
Physical sensible heat brought by the furnace: qTransforming(ii) a Gas amount in furnace burning: vQi (Qi)(ii) a Specific heat capacity of furnace gas: cQi (Qi)；
Air amount used for burning: vAir (a)(ii) a The amount of coal gas used for burning: vGas (es)(ii) a Air-fuel ratio of furnace: a;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Qinitial＝QArticle (A)+QTransforming(ii) a (formula 8)
When formula 7, formula 8, or formula 9 is taken into formula 6, it is possible to obtain:
Qvault＝(TInitial stage of combustion-TLoss of power)CQi (Qi)·VQi (Qi)(formula 11)
Therefore, the combustion control technology can effectively control the temperature of the vault by reducing the coal gas amount under the condition of ensuring that the air-fuel ratio is basically unchanged, so that the hot blast stove can be stably combusted, and the combustion gas V can be known from the formula 10Qi (Qi)The reduction, as shown in equations 11 and 9, yields: as-fired furnace gas VQi (Qi)When decreased, QLoss of powerThe heat loss of the hot blast stove is reduced, namely the heat loss of the hot blast stove is reduced, thereby saving energy.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the technology can effectively reduce the temperature of the dome to be below 1400 ℃, reduce the generation of waste gas, control the concentration of NOx in the waste gas to be below 50mg/Nm3, reduce the influence on the environment and realize ultralow emission.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of conventional top-fired hot blast stove vault temperature control;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of the temperature control of the vault of the large-scale blast furnace top combustion type hot blast stove of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments, and a control block diagram of the control technology for the vault temperature of a large-scale blast furnace top combustion type hot blast stove is shown in fig. 2, the technology adopts a method for correspondingly and simultaneously adjusting combustion air and coal gas according to the real-time measured vault temperature to control the vault temperature, and the flow control of the combustion air and the coal gas is realized by adjusting corresponding air flow regulating valves and coal gas flow regulating valves through PID (proportion integration differentiation); detecting the temperature of the vault in real time, comparing the detected temperature with the set vault temperature, dynamically adjusting the flow of the coal gas by controlling a coal gas flow adjusting valve through double PID (proportion integration differentiation) operation, and dynamically correcting according to the temperature and the pressure of a coal gas main pipe detected in real time in the adjusting process; meanwhile, the flow of air is dynamically adjusted by controlling an air flow adjusting valve through PID operation, and dynamic correction is carried out according to the temperature and the pressure of an air main pipe detected in real time in the adjusting process; the ratio of the air flow rate to the gas flow rate is an air-fuel ratio, the air-fuel ratio is set to a reference value, deviation is performed on the basis of the reference value in the control process, and a limit value of the deviation is set. In order to ensure that the air quantity is not too small so that the oxygen quantity is small to cause incomplete combustion of the coal gas, the air-fuel ratio is deviated on the basis of a reference value. A reference value setting is provided on the HMI screen of the basic automation (L1), and an air-fuel ratio upper limit is additionally set to ensure that the air quantity is not too large. In order to avoid coupling oscillation caused by simultaneous adjustment of air and coal gas, the proportion is properly adjusted, and the change speed of the set value of the air flow is faster than that of the set value of the coal gas flow.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make simple modifications or equivalent substitutions on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The vault temperature control technology of the large blast furnace top combustion type hot blast stove is characterized in that: the technology controls the vault temperature according to the vault temperature measured in real time and a corresponding method for simultaneously adjusting the flow of combustion air and coal gas.
2. The technology for controlling the temperature of the vault of a large-scale blast furnace top combustion type hot blast furnace according to claim 1, wherein: the flow control of the combustion air and the coal gas is realized by adjusting corresponding air flow adjusting valves and coal gas flow adjusting valves through PID.
3. The large-scale blast furnace top combustion type hot blast furnace vault temperature control technology according to claim 2, characterized in that: the ratio of the air flow rate to the gas flow rate is an air-fuel ratio, the air-fuel ratio is set to a reference value, deviation is performed on the basis of the reference value in the control process, and a limit value of the deviation is set.
4. The large-scale blast furnace top combustion type hot blast furnace vault temperature control technology according to claim 3, characterized in that: the change speed of the air flow set value is faster than the gas flow set value.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112981025A (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2021-06-18 | 宝钢湛江钢铁有限公司 | Four-section type burning control technology of top combustion type hot blast stove |
| CN113776080A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-12-10 | 邯郸钢铁集团有限责任公司 | Air-fuel ratio correction method of hot blast stove based on comprehensive satisfaction degree and time lag analysis |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101705323A (en) * | 2009-12-11 | 2010-05-12 | 宝钢集团新疆八一钢铁有限公司 | Heat insulation method for top combustion type silicon brick hot-blast stove |
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- 2020-10-21 CN CN202011129130.7A patent/CN112239797A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101705323A (en) * | 2009-12-11 | 2010-05-12 | 宝钢集团新疆八一钢铁有限公司 | Heat insulation method for top combustion type silicon brick hot-blast stove |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 陈勇: "DCS系统在热风炉控制中的应用", 《自动化技术与应用》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112981025A (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2021-06-18 | 宝钢湛江钢铁有限公司 | Four-section type burning control technology of top combustion type hot blast stove |
| CN113776080A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-12-10 | 邯郸钢铁集团有限责任公司 | Air-fuel ratio correction method of hot blast stove based on comprehensive satisfaction degree and time lag analysis |
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Application publication date: 20210119 |